Railway freight train container corner fitting side plane integrated machining tool

Abstract

A railway freight train container corner fitting side plane integrated machining tool belongs to the field of machining equipment and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a side vertical plate, a station plate, a hydraulic cylinder, a positioning block, a connecting plate and a pressing plate, the bottom plate, the top plate and the side vertical plate are connected to form a supporting structure frame, a retraction area is arranged in the middle of the side vertical plate, and the station plate is installed on the bottom plate. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top plate, the positioning block is installed on the station plate, the connecting plate is connected to a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the ball connecting rod is installed at the lower end of the connecting plate, the hanging head is arranged at the lower end of the ball connecting rod, the pressing plate is hung on the hanging head, and the lower end face of the hanging head is an outer convex spherical surface. According to the machining tool, a plurality of workpiece mounting stations can be integrated to machine a plurality of cast corner fittings at the same time, the cast corner fittings can be mechanically clamped in a three-dimensional positioning mode, the machining efficiency and the machining precision of the side planes of the cast corner fittings can be improved, the labor intensity can be relieved, and the machining cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining equipment, specifically to an integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers. Background Technology

[0002] Corner fittings are important structural components of railway freight train containers. They are cast from high-strength steel. A standard container typically has eight corner fittings, located at the top four and bottom four corners. These fittings serve to connect, lift, position, stack, and secure the container's overall frame, as well as lock it onto the railway freight train. The corner fittings have a high degree of standardization in design, enabling unrestricted direct docking with forklifts, cranes, ships, and railway freight cars worldwide. The overall structure is cubic, including side planes, top surface, bottom surface, and end face. The two corresponding side planes are integrally formed flat and rigid planes. As the reference surface for container positioning and the load-bearing surface for lifting and transport, the flatness, roughness, and surface strength of these planes are subject to high requirements. Currently, the machining of the side surfaces of corner fittings for freight train containers mainly involves using a double-column milling machine to simultaneously mill two corner fittings balanced and clamped at the machining station. This method requires manual marking and clamping of the workpieces, which is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also results in poor workpiece clamping stability, frequently causing workpiece vibration during machining. This reduces tool life and affects surface finish. In particular, manual clamping can easily cause rotational displacement of the workpiece as it is tightened, leading to reduced machining accuracy and adversely affecting product quality. With the rapid development of machining technology and the widespread application of digital technology, the traditional machining method for the side surfaces of corner fittings for railway freight train containers can no longer meet the requirements of large-scale and efficient development in modern equipment manufacturing. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the machining method for the side surfaces of corner fittings for railway freight train containers, develop corresponding tooling, improve machining efficiency and accuracy, reduce labor intensity and processing costs, and ensure product quality. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers, thereby improving the machining efficiency and accuracy of corner fittings for railway freight train containers and solving existing technical problems.

[0004] An integrated machining fixture for the side planes of corner fittings of railway freight train containers includes: a bottom plate, a top plate, side uprights, a workstation plate, a hydraulic cylinder, a positioning block, a connecting plate, and a pressure plate. The bottom plate, the top plate, and the two side uprights are correspondingly connected to form a supporting structural frame. The supporting structural frame can be fixedly connected to the machining worktable of a CNC machining equipment via the bottom plate. The middle part of each side upright has inwardly recessed areas on both sides in the horizontal width direction. The horizontal width of the recessed areas is smaller than the horizontal width of the upper and lower ends of the side upright in the vertical direction, which can provide working space for machining the two side planes of the cast corner fitting. The workstation plate is fixedly installed on the bottom plate. On the base plate, the hydraulic cylinder and the workstation plate are vertically inverted and fixedly installed on the top plate. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the top plate and extends to the lower part of the top plate. The positioning block and the bottom lifting hole structure opened on the bottom surface of the casting corner piece are correspondingly fixedly installed on the workstation plate. The connecting plate is horizontally set and fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder. A ball joint connecting rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting plate. The lower end of the ball joint connecting rod is provided with a hook joint. The pressure plate is fitted and hung on the hook joint. The lower end surface of the hook joint is an outwardly convex spherical surface. The pressure plate is provided with a structure corresponding to the outwardly convex spherical surface. The concave spherical surfaces correspond to each other and can axially engage with the convex spherical surfaces. When the pressure plate and the ball-head connecting rod are engaged, a gap is maintained between the convex and concave spherical surfaces. When the ball-head connecting rod pushes the pressure plate against the casting corner piece, the pressure plate disengages from the engagement with the ball-head connecting rod and instead bears the pressure force of the ball-head connecting rod through the contact engagement between the convex and concave spherical surfaces. This gives the pressure plate a degree of freedom for adaptive universal adjustment relative to the ball-head connecting rod. The pressure plate and the workstation plate are vertically and vertically aligned to form a mounting mechanism for the casting corner piece. The casting corner piece is installed at the workstation. The casting corner piece can be fitted with the positioning block via the bottom lifting hole, and a longitudinal limiting device is mounted on the workstation plate. In the hydraulic cylinder clamping state, the pressure plate can cooperate with the workstation plate to clamp and fix the casting corner piece. In the clamped state, the pressure plate can utilize the degree of freedom of the fit between the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface to spatially adaptively adjust relative to the top surface of the casting corner piece, ensuring the stability of the clamping fit between the pressure plate and the casting corner piece. After the clamping state is stable, the two side planes on the casting corner piece can be milled within the recessed area on both sides of the side upright plate.

[0005] Preferably, two pressure plates are mounted on the connecting plate, and the two pressure plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the hydraulic cylinder to maintain the balance of the load-bearing structure between the two pressure plates. Two positioning blocks are respectively installed on the workstation plate, and the two positioning blocks and the two pressure plates are respectively arranged in the vertical direction. The combination constitutes a processing integrated unit containing two workpiece mounting stations, which is driven by one connecting plate and one hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the integration of the processing tooling.

[0006] Preferably, a partition plate is connected and installed in the supporting structure frame formed by the bottom plate, the top plate and the side plates. The partition plate is arranged parallel to the side plates and has a recessed area in the middle part of the partition plate in the horizontal width direction, which corresponds to the structure of the side plates. This divides the interior of the supporting structure frame into multiple independent spaces. One processing integration unit is arranged in each of the independent spaces, thereby forming an integrated processing fixture with multiple processing integration units, which further improves the integration of the processing fixture.

[0007] Preferably, lateral limiting blocks are fixedly installed in each of the workpiece mounting stations in the processing fixture. The lateral limiting blocks are respectively arranged corresponding to the station plate and the pressure plate, which can limit the setting position of the casting corner piece on the station plate in the lateral direction, ensure the balance of the force applied by the pressure plate and the station plate to the casting corner piece, and improve the stability and reliability of workpiece mounting.

[0008] Preferably, lower support blocks are respectively installed on the upper surface of each of the workstation plates. The support blocks can provide balanced support and positioning for the cast corner pieces placed on the workstation plates. The point contact between the lower support blocks and the rough bottom surface of the cast corner pieces replaces the surface contact between the workstation plates and the cast corner pieces, avoiding and eliminating the problems that the surface contact could cause to the cast corner pieces on the workstation plates, resulting in unstable fit and inaccurate spatial positioning. This improves the reliability and stability of the workstation plates in positioning and supporting the cast corner pieces.

[0009] Preferably, upper pressure blocks are respectively installed on the lower end face of each of the pressure plates. The upper pressure blocks can balance and position the cast corner piece placed on the work station plate. The point contact fit between the upper pressure block and the rough top surface of the cast corner piece replaces the surface contact fit between the pressure plate and the cast corner piece. This avoids and eliminates the problems that the surface contact fit may cause the cast corner piece to have an unstable fit and inaccurate spatial positioning on the work station plate, thereby improving the balance and firmness of the pressure plate in pressing and fixing the cast corner piece.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. The guide rod is coaxial and parallel to the hydraulic cylinder, extends upward and passes through the top plate. By using the constraint and limitation of the top plate, the connecting plate can be guided to maintain parallel vertical movement under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby improving the stability of the dynamic structure of the machining fixture.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that it provides an integrated machining fixture for the side planes of corner fittings of railway freight train containers. This fixture integrates multiple workpiece mounting stations, allowing simultaneous machining of the side planes of multiple cast corner fittings. It also divides the workpiece mounting stations into multiple integrated machining units, avoiding potential interference when sequentially mounting the cast corner fittings. At each workpiece mounting station, dedicated positioning blocks define the mounting position of the cast corner fitting on the station plate and constrain its positioning in the longitudinal direction. Lateral limiting blocks further restrict its positioning in the transverse direction. Based on this, a hydraulic cylinder drives a pressure plate, which clamps and fixes the cast corner fitting vertically through the corresponding engagement with the station plate. This achieves three-dimensional positioning and mechanical clamping of the cast corner fitting. Furthermore, the ball-head connecting rod enables the pressure plate to have an adaptive adjustment capability for pressing against the cast corner fitting, significantly improving the machining efficiency and accuracy of the side planes of the cast corner fittings, reducing labor intensity, and lowering product processing costs. Applied to actual production, this fixture effectively meets the needs of enterprise digitalization and large-scale development, promoting economic growth. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 Main view of the tooling structure for integrated machining of corner fittings for railway freight train containers.

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of section AA.

[0014] Figure 3 Side view of the tooling structure for integrated machining of corner fittings for railway freight train containers.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the mounting status of corner fittings for railway freight train containers.

[0016] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view of section BB.

[0017] Wherein: 1 is the base plate, 2 is the top plate, 3 is the side plate, 4 is the work station plate, 5 is the hydraulic cylinder, 6 is the positioning block, 7 is the connecting plate, 8 is the pressure plate, 9 is the ball head connecting rod, 10 is the cast corner piece, 11 is the partition plate, 12 is the lateral limiting block, 13 is the lower support block, 14 is the upper pressing block, 15 is the guide rod, 16 is the fixed seat, 17 is the hanging plate, 18 is the side plane, and 19 is the bottom lifting tool hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Furthermore, the technical solution for which protection is sought in this utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] An integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it has 3 processing integration units, each of which contains 2 workpiece installation stations and is composed of a base plate 1, a top plate 2, a side plate 3, a station plate 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5, a positioning block 6, a connecting plate 7, a pressure plate 8, a ball head connecting rod 9, and a partition plate 11.

[0020] The base plate 1, the top plate 2, the two side uprights 3, and the two partition plates 11 are connected and combined to form a supporting structural frame. The supporting structural frame has three mutually separated independent spaces. The middle portions of the side uprights 3 and the partition plates 11 each have inwardly recessed areas on both sides in the horizontal width direction. The width of each recessed area is smaller than the horizontal width of the upper and lower ends of the side uprights 3 and the partition plates 11 in the vertical direction. Three hydraulic cylinders 5 are distributed and installed on the top plate 2. Each hydraulic cylinder 5 is corresponding to one of the three independent spaces. The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders 5 pass through the top plate 2 and extend downwards into their respective spaces. In each of the independent spaces, a connecting plate 7 is respectively connected and installed at the end of each piston rod. Two guide rods 15 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate 7. The guide rods 15 are symmetrical to the piston rod, parallel to the piston rod, and pass upward through the top plate 2. They are limited and constrained by guide holes opened on the top plate 2, thus guiding the connecting plate 7 to maintain a vertical movement. Two ball-head connecting rods 9 are correspondingly fixedly connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate 7. The ball-head connecting rods 9 are symmetrical to the piston rod and have a hook joint at their lower end. The lower end surface of the hook joint is a convex spherical surface. A spherical groove is formed on the upper surface of the pressure plate 8. The bottom surface of the spherical groove is an inwardly concave spherical surface, and the structure of the inwardly concave spherical surface corresponds to the outwardly convex spherical surface. A hanging plate 17 is connected to the upper end of the spherical groove. The hanging joint on the ball-head connecting rod 9 is fitted into the spherical groove. The two pressure plates 8 are respectively axially limited and hung on the two ball-head connecting rods 9 by the hanging plate 17. When the hanging plate 17 and the pressure plate 8 are engaged, a gap distance is maintained between the outwardly convex spherical surface and the inwardly concave spherical surface. When the ball-head connecting rod 9 pushes the pressure plate 8 to press against the cast corner piece 10, the pressure plate 8 naturally disengages from the hanging plate 17. The mounting and fitting of 7 and the spatial limiting constraint of the mounting plate 17 only receive the pressing force applied by the ball head connecting rod 9 through the contact fit between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface. The fit between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface can enable the pressure plate 8 to have universal adjustment capability that is compatible with the cast corner piece 10. The self-adaptive adjustment of the spatial state of the pressure plate 8 can eliminate the influence of the uneven surface of the cast corner piece 10 on the pressing fit between the pressure plate 8 and the cast corner piece 10, and ensure the reliability and stability of the pressure plate 8 in pressing and fixing the cast corner piece 10. Upper pressing blocks 14 are distributed on the lower end surface of the pressure plate 8.Meanwhile, in each of the independent spaces, a workstation plate 4 is respectively installed on the base plate 1, and two positioning blocks 6 are fixedly installed on the workstation plate 4. The positioning blocks 6 are respectively arranged vertically to the pressure plate 8 to form two workpiece installation stations. In each workpiece installation station, a set of lateral limiting blocks 12 is set to limit the lateral placement position of the casting corner piece 10 relative to the corresponding positioning block 6. In order to unify the production operation procedures, the lateral limiting blocks 12 are all arranged on the same side relative to the positioning blocks 6. The lateral limiting blocks 12 are arranged to limit the position of the positioning blocks 6 at different positions. Block 12 can be fixedly connected to the side plate 3, the partition plate 11, and the fixing seat 16 respectively. The fixing seat 16 is correspondingly and fixedly installed on the workstation plate 4. Lower support blocks 13 are also distributed on the upper surface of the workstation plate 4. In the three independent spaces on the support structure frame, two workpiece mounting stations are combined to form one processing integration unit. The processing integration units in the three independent spaces are combined to form an integrated processing fixture with six workpiece mounting stations, which can simultaneously process the side planes 18 of six cast corner pieces 10.

[0021] The integrated machining fixture for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers described in this embodiment is used to machine the side planes of the corner fittings of railway freight train containers. The specific method is as follows: The integrated machining fixture for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers is fixedly installed on the machining worktable of the CNC machining center using the connecting mechanism on the base plate 1. With all the piston rods on the three hydraulic cylinders 5 retracted, six cast corner fittings 10 to be processed are placed in the six workpiece mounting positions in sequence. The bottom lifting holes 19 on the bottom surface of each cast corner fitting 10 are fitted into the corresponding positioning blocks 6. The bottom surface is supported by the point contact of the lower support block 13. Then, the cast corner fittings 10 are moved laterally so that the end faces of the cast corner fittings 10 are respectively fitted against the corresponding lateral limiting blocks 12. After confirming that all six cast corner fittings 10 are placed stably, the hydraulic cylinders 5 are started by injecting oil individually or simultaneously, so that the piston rods on the hydraulic cylinders 5 push the connecting plate. 7, together with the pressure plate 8, moves downwards until the upper pressure block 14 makes point contact with the top surface of the cast corner piece 10 and clamps the cast corner piece 10. On this basis, the pressure plate 8 adaptively adjusts the fit between the upper pressure block 14 and the top surface of the cast corner piece 10 through the universal adjustment degree of freedom formed by the corresponding fit between the concave spherical surface in the spherical groove and the convex spherical surface on the ball head connecting rod 9. This fully ensures the firmness and reliability of the clamping and fixing of the cast corner piece 10 by the pressure plate 8 and the workstation plate 4. In the clamping state, the CNC machining center can be started and operated to mill the side planes on both sides of the six cast corner pieces 10 in the recessed area on both sides of the middle part of the side plate 3 and the partition plate 11. After the machining is completed, the hydraulic cylinders 5 are unloaded and reset. The machined cast corner pieces 10 are taken out from each workpiece installation station in sequence. Then the above steps can be repeated for the next round of machining operations until all the machining tasks of the side planes of the cast corner pieces 10 are completed.

Claims

1. An integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers, characterized in that, include: The base plate (1), top plate (2), side uprights (3), workstation plate (4), hydraulic cylinder (5), positioning block (6), connecting plate (7), and pressure plate (8) are connected to form a supporting structure frame. The supporting structure frame can be fixedly connected to the machining worktable of the CNC machining equipment through the base plate (1). The middle part of the side uprights (3) has inward recessed areas on both sides in the horizontal width direction. The width of the recessed areas is smaller than the horizontal width of the upper and lower ends of the side uprights (3) in the vertical direction, which can accommodate the casting corner piece (10). The workspace is for processing on two side planes (18); the workstation plate (4) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1); the hydraulic cylinder (5) is vertically inverted and fixedly installed on the top plate (2) corresponding to the workstation plate (4); the piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder (5) passes through the top plate (2) and extends to the lower part of the top plate (2); the positioning block (6) and the bottom lifting hole (19) structure opened on the bottom surface of the casting corner piece (10) are fixedly installed on the workstation plate (4) corresponding to each other; the connecting plate (7) is horizontally set and fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod on the hydraulic cylinder (5); A ball-head connecting rod (9) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting plate (7). A hook joint is provided at the lower end of the ball-head connecting rod (9). The pressure plate (8) is fitted onto the hook joint. The lower end face of the hook joint is an outwardly convex spherical surface. An inwardly concave spherical surface is provided on the pressure plate (8) that corresponds to the outwardly convex spherical surface. The inwardly concave spherical surface can form a corresponding fit with the outwardly convex spherical surface in the axial direction. When the pressure plate (8) and the ball-head connecting rod (9) are fitted together, there is a gap between the outwardly convex spherical surface and the inwardly concave spherical surface. When the ball-head connecting rod (9) pushes the pressure plate (8) to press against the casting... When the corner piece (10) is made, the pressure plate (8) disengages from the hanging engagement with the ball head connecting rod (9) and instead bears the pressure force of the ball head connecting rod (9) through the contact engagement between the outer convex spherical surface and the inner concave spherical surface, so that the pressure plate (8) has the freedom of self-adaptive universal adjustment relative to the ball head connecting rod (9). The pressure plate (8) and the work station plate (4) are combined vertically to form the workpiece installation station for mounting the cast corner piece (10). The cast corner piece (10) can be longitudinally positioned on the work station plate (4) by correspondingly engaging with the positioning block (6) through the bottom lifting hole (19).

2. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two pressure plates (8) are mounted on the connecting plate (7) and are symmetrically arranged relative to the hydraulic cylinder (5). Two positioning blocks (6) are respectively installed on the workstation plate (4). The two positioning blocks (6) and the two pressure plates (8) are respectively arranged in the vertical direction. They are combined to form a processing integrated unit containing two workpiece installation stations, driven by one connecting plate (7) and one hydraulic cylinder (5).

3. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A partition plate (11) is connected and installed in the supporting structure frame formed by the bottom plate (1), the top plate (2) and the side plate (3). The partition plate (11) is arranged parallel to the side plate (3) and a recessed area corresponding to the structure of the side plate (3) is also provided in the horizontal width direction of the middle part of the partition plate (11). The internal structure of the supporting structure frame is divided into multiple independent spaces. One processing integration unit is arranged in each of the independent spaces, thereby forming an integrated processing fixture with multiple processing integration units.

4. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Lateral limiting blocks (12) are fixedly installed in each of the workpiece installation stations in the processing fixture. The lateral limiting blocks (12) are respectively arranged corresponding to the station plate (4) and the pressure plate (8), and can limit the setting position of the cast corner piece (10) on the station plate (4) in the lateral direction.

5. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Lower support blocks (13) are respectively installed on the upper surface of each of the workstation plates (4). The support blocks (13) can balance and support the casting corner piece (10) placed on the workstation plate (4).

6. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Upper pressure blocks (14) are respectively installed on the lower end face of each of the pressure plates (8). The upper pressure blocks (14) can balance and press the casting corner piece (10) placed on the work station plate (4).

7. The integrated machining tooling for the side plane of corner fittings of railway freight train containers as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A guide rod (15) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (7). The guide rod (15) is coaxially parallel to the hydraulic cylinder (5), extends upward and passes through the top plate (2). The top plate (2) is used to constrain and limit the movement, so that the connecting plate (7) can be guided to move vertically while maintaining parallel arrangement under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder (5).

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