Electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metal

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of rare earth metal electrolytic machining, and particularly relates to an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metal, which comprises a furnace body, a driving motor is arranged at the top of the furnace body, the output end of the driving motor penetrates through the furnace body and is connected with a reciprocating screw rod, and the reciprocating screw rod is arranged in a cylindrical cavity in the inner wall of the furnace body and is rotationally connected with the bottom of the cavity; a longitudinal sliding groove is formed in the surface of the barrel-shaped cavity, the surface of the reciprocating lead screw is in threaded connection with a barrel-shaped block matched with the barrel-shaped cavity, and a sliding block sliding in the sliding groove is arranged on the side face of the barrel-shaped block; through the structural design that an elastic scraping strip sleeving the outer wall of a fixing ring is in interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace body, the function of scraping residual materials on the inner wall in the electrolysis process in real time is achieved, and the problems that materials attached to the inner wall of a traditional electrolysis furnace cannot participate in the reaction and are difficult to clean are solved; the high-temperature-resistant silica gel material of the elastic scraping strip and the wave-shaped scraping teeth enhance the scraping effect, so that the materials are ensured to participate in the reaction again, and solidification residues are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rare earth metal electrolytic processing, specifically an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth metals are mainly prepared using molten salt electrolysis and metallothermic reduction. Different preparation methods are used for rare earth elements depending on their melting and boiling points. Molten salt electrolysis is the main industrial method for producing mixed rare earth metals and single light rare earth metals such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium. It has the advantages of large-scale production, no need for reducing agents, continuous production, and being relatively economical and convenient. Therefore, molten salt electrolysis plays an important role in rare earth metal production and has a wide range of applications.

[0003] In the prior art, such as in CN220685271U, an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals is disclosed. It includes a body, a cover plate fixedly installed on the top of the body, a cathode and an anode fixedly installed on the lower side of the cover plate, a crucible fixedly installed inside the body, and a stirring mechanism provided on the outer side of the cover plate. The stirring mechanism includes a drive motor and a hydraulic rod. A main gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the drive motor. A driven gear meshes with the outer side of the main gear. A sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the driven gear. The sleeve is movably installed to the inner side of the cover plate, and a rotating rod is inserted into the inner side of the sleeve. A limit block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, and the limit block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0004] While the aforementioned patents can ensure that the stirring blades can maintain stable contact with electrolytes at different liquid levels, guaranteeing efficient stirring of the electrolytes and improving the electrolysis reaction effect, during the stirring reaction, some liquid and materials remain attached to the inner wall of the reaction device. These materials cannot participate in the preparation reaction and will solidify later, causing inconvenience for subsequent cleaning. Therefore, an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals is proposed to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, during the stirring reaction, some liquid and material remain attached to the inner wall of the reaction device. This material cannot participate in the preparation reaction and will solidify later, causing inconvenience for subsequent cleaning. This invention proposes an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals, comprising a furnace body; a drive motor is provided at the top of the furnace body, the output end of the drive motor passes through the furnace body and is connected to a reciprocating lead screw, the reciprocating lead screw is disposed in a cylindrical cavity on the inner wall of the furnace body and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cavity; a longitudinal sliding groove is formed on the surface of the cylindrical cavity, a cylindrical block adapted to the cylindrical cavity is threadedly connected to the surface of the reciprocating lead screw, and a slider sliding in the sliding groove is provided on the side of the cylindrical block; a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider and fits against the inner wall of the furnace body, an inner ring is provided in the middle of the fixing ring and separation rings are symmetrically arranged at the four corners between the two, and an elastic scraper is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing ring.

[0007] Preferably, a limiting block is provided on one side of the fixed ring, a sliding hole is formed on the surface of the limiting block, a limiting groove is formed on the other side of the inner wall of the furnace, and a limiting rod that slides in the limiting groove to cooperate with the sliding hole is provided.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic scraper is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material, with a trapezoidal cross-section that is in interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace, and wavy scraping teeth are formed on the surface of the elastic scraper.

[0009] Preferably, the drive motor is a variable frequency speed control motor, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the reciprocating lead screw through a coupling. The helix angle of the reciprocating lead screw is matched with the internal thread of the cylindrical block.

[0010] Preferably, the separating ring adopts an elastic metal mesh structure, with symmetrically distributed corners at intervals of 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the inner ring diameter, and the edge of the separating ring is welded and fixed to the inner ring.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the slide is coated with a graphite lubricating layer, the contact surface between the slider and the slide is provided with a self-lubricating copper sleeve, and buffer blocks are provided at both ends of the slide.

[0012] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This utility model achieves the real-time scraping function of residual materials on the inner wall during electrolysis by using the structure design of the elastic scraper sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed ring in interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace. This solves the problem that the materials attached to the inner wall of the traditional electrolysis furnace cannot participate in the reaction and are difficult to clean. The high-temperature resistant silicone material and wavy scraping teeth of the elastic scraper enhance the scraping effect, ensuring that the materials re-participate in the reaction and reducing solidification residue.

[0014] 2. This utility model utilizes an elastic metal mesh structure symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the separating ring between the inner ring and the fixed ring to form a dynamic stirring flow field under the drive of a reciprocating screw, thereby improving the mixing efficiency of the rare earth metal electrolyte and accelerating the reaction process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace body structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing ring structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 2. Drive motor; 3. Reciprocating lead screw; 4. Cylindrical cavity; 5. Slide groove; 6. Cylindrical block; 7. Sliding block; 8. Fixing ring; 9. Inner ring; 10. Separating ring; 11. Elastic scraper; 12. Limiting block; 13. Limiting groove; 14. Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4 As shown, an electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals includes a furnace body 1; a drive motor 2 is installed at the top of the furnace body 1, the output end of the drive motor 2 passes through the furnace body 1 and is connected to a reciprocating screw 3, the reciprocating screw 3 is installed in a cylindrical cavity 4 on the inner wall of the furnace body 1 and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cavity; a longitudinal groove 5 is opened on the surface of the cylindrical cavity 4, and a cylindrical block 6 adapted to the cylindrical cavity 4 is threadedly connected to the surface of the reciprocating screw 3, and a slider 7 that slides in the groove 5 is provided on the side of the cylindrical block 6; a fixing ring 8 that fits against the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is fixedly connected to the surface of the slider 7, an inner ring 9 is provided in the middle of the fixing ring 8 and separation rings 10 are symmetrically arranged at the four corners between the two, and an elastic scraper 11 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing ring 8;

[0023] During operation, the drive motor 2 at the top of the furnace body 1 drives the reciprocating screw 3 to rotate in the cylindrical cavity 4 via a coupling. The cylindrical block 6 moves up and down along the slide groove 5 as the reciprocating screw 3 rotates, causing the fixed ring 8 connected to the slider 7 to rise and fall along the inner wall of the furnace body 1. The elastic scraper 11 on the outer wall of the fixed ring 8 makes interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace body 1 to scrape off residual materials. At the same time, the inner ring 9 and the separation ring 10 are symmetrically distributed at the four corners. When the fixed ring 8 reciprocates, it stirs the electrolyte to form a vortex mixing. The elastic scraper 11 cleans the inner wall in real time to prevent the material from solidifying. The separation ring 10 dynamically mixes the electrolyte to improve the reaction efficiency, realizing simultaneous electrolysis and cleaning.

[0024] Furthermore, a limiting block 12 is provided on one side of the fixed ring 8, and a sliding hole is opened on the surface of the limiting block 12. A limiting groove 13 is opened on the other side of the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and a limiting rod 14 that slides in the limiting groove 13 to cooperate with the sliding hole is provided in the limiting groove 13.

[0025] During operation, a sliding hole is opened in the limiting block 12 on one side of the fixed ring 8, and a limiting rod 14 is installed in the limiting groove 13 on the other side of the inner wall of the furnace body 1. The limiting rod 14 passes through the sliding hole to form a sliding pair, which restricts the fixed ring 8 to move only in the vertical direction. The limiting rod 14 cooperates with the sliding hole to eliminate the radial offset of the fixed ring 8, ensuring that the elastic scraper 11 scrapes the inner wall evenly.

[0026] Furthermore, the elastic scraper 11 is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material, its cross-section is trapezoidal and it is in interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace body 1, and the surface of the elastic scraper 11 is provided with wavy scraping teeth.

[0027] During operation, the elastic scraper 11 is molded from high-temperature resistant silicone. Its trapezoidal cross section forms an interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace body 1. The wavy scraping teeth on the surface increase the scraping contact area. The silicone material is resistant to the high-temperature environment of electrolysis. The wavy scraping teeth enhance the scraping force. The high-temperature resistant silicone extends the scraper's life and avoids failure caused by high-temperature deformation.

[0028] Furthermore, the drive motor 2 is a variable frequency speed control motor, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 3 through a coupling. The thread helix angle of the reciprocating lead screw 3 matches the internal thread of the cylindrical block 6.

[0029] During operation, the drive motor 2 is a variable frequency speed control motor, which is rigidly connected to the reciprocating lead screw 3 through a coupling. The thread helix angle of the reciprocating lead screw 3 matches the internal thread of the cylindrical block 6, so as to achieve smooth lifting and lowering when switching between forward and reverse directions. The variable frequency speed control precisely controls the moving speed of the fixed ring 8, and the matching thread helix angle reduces thread wear and ensures long-term stable operation.

[0030] Furthermore, the separation ring 10 adopts an elastic metal mesh structure, with its four corners symmetrically distributed at intervals of 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the inner ring 9, and the edges of the separation ring 10 are welded and fixed to the inner ring 9;

[0031] During operation, the separating ring 10 is formed by stamping an elastic metal mesh and is symmetrically welded at the four corners between the inner ring 9 and the fixed ring 8. The spacing is 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the inner ring 9. The elastic deformation of the metal mesh adapts to the flow resistance of the electrolyte. The elastic metal mesh disturbs the electrolyte to form turbulence. The symmetrical layout at the four corners enhances the mixing uniformity and accelerates the deposition of rare earth metals.

[0032] Furthermore, the inner wall of the slide groove 5 is coated with a graphite lubricating layer, the contact surface between the slider 7 and the slide groove 5 is provided with a self-lubricating copper sleeve, and buffer blocks are provided at both ends of the slide groove 5.

[0033] During operation, the inner wall of the slide 5 is coated with a graphite lubricating layer, the contact surface of the slider 7 is fitted with a self-lubricating copper sleeve, and rubber buffer blocks are installed at both ends of the slide 5 to absorb impact. The graphite lubricating layer and the self-lubricating copper sleeve reduce frictional resistance, and the buffer blocks prevent the slider 7 from overtraveling and impacting, thus extending the service life of the slide 5.

[0034] Working principle: The reciprocating screw 3 is driven by the drive motor 2 to rotate, which drives the cylindrical block 6 to move up and down along the slide groove 5. The elastic scraper 11 on the outer wall of the fixed ring 8 scrapes away the residual material on the inner wall of the furnace body 1. At the same time, the inner ring 9 and the four symmetrical separation rings 10 at the four corners stir the electrolyte to form a vortex mixing during the lifting and lowering process. The limiting rod 14 cooperates with the limiting block 12 through the sliding hole to constrain the vertical movement trajectory of the fixed ring 8. The frequency conversion speed control motor adjusts the reciprocating frequency. The graphite lubricating layer and self-lubricating copper sleeve of the slide groove 5 reduce frictional resistance. The elastic metal mesh separation ring 10 dynamically disturbs the electrolyte. Finally, the self-cleaning of the inner wall of the electrolysis and the efficient mixing of the reaction materials are achieved simultaneously, which improves the efficiency of rare earth metal preparation and reduces solidification residue.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or similar improvements made within the theoretical and principle content of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals, characterized in that: The furnace includes a furnace body (1); a drive motor (2) is installed on the top of the furnace body (1), the output end of the drive motor (2) passes through the furnace body (1) and is connected to a reciprocating screw (3), the reciprocating screw (3) is installed in a cylindrical cavity (4) on the inner wall of the furnace body (1) and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the cavity; a longitudinal groove (5) is opened on the surface of the cylindrical cavity (4), and a cylindrical block (6) adapted to the cylindrical cavity (4) is threaded on the surface of the reciprocating screw (3), and a slider (7) that slides in the groove (5) is provided on the side of the cylindrical block (6); The surface of the slider (7) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (8) that fits against the inner wall of the furnace body (1). An inner ring (9) is provided in the middle of the fixing ring (8), and separation rings (10) are symmetrically arranged at the four corners between the two. An elastic scraper (11) is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing ring (8).

2. The electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting block (12) is provided on one side of the fixed ring (8), and a sliding hole is opened on the surface of the limiting block (12). A limiting groove (13) is opened on the other side of the inner wall of the furnace body (1), and a limiting rod (14) that slides in the limiting groove (13) is provided in the limiting groove (13).

3. An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic scraper (11) is made of high-temperature resistant silicone material. Its cross-section is trapezoidal and it is in interference contact with the inner wall of the furnace body (1). The surface of the elastic scraper (11) is provided with wavy scraping teeth.

4. An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive motor (2) is a variable frequency speed control motor, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the reciprocating lead screw (3) through a coupling. The thread helix angle of the reciprocating lead screw (3) matches the internal thread of the cylindrical block (6).

5. An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation ring (10) adopts an elastic metal mesh structure, with its four corners symmetrically distributed at a spacing of 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the diameter of the inner ring (9). The edge of the separation ring (10) is welded and fixed to the inner ring (9).

6. An electrolytic furnace for preparing rare earth metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the slide groove (5) is coated with a graphite lubricating layer, the contact surface between the slider (7) and the slide groove (5) is provided with a self-lubricating copper sleeve, and buffer blocks are provided at both ends of the slide groove (5).

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