Stacked type semi-air suspension shock absorber

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a stacked type semi-air suspension shock absorber which is characterized by comprising a proportional cylinder body, a vacuum partition plate, an upper cylinder spring, an upper cylinder piston, a lower cylinder piston and a sealing guide column. An upper cylinder piston is arranged in the upper cylinder body, a closed air cavity is formed between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body, a vacuum partition plate is fixedly arranged below the upper cylinder piston, the middle of the upper cylinder piston is fixedly connected with a sealing guide column downwards, a negative pressure cavity is formed between the upper cylinder piston and the vacuum partition plate, and the closed air cavity and the negative pressure cavity form a composite air spring. An upper cylinder spring is arranged between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body; hydraulic oil is filled between the lower cylinder piston and the vacuum partition plate. The composite damping body structure has the advantages that the air spring, the metal spring and the hydraulic oil are adopted to form the composite damping body structure, kinetic energy can be rapidly absorbed and rapidly released, and the comfortable experience of driving is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive shock absorber technology, and in particular relates to a superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber. Background Technology

[0002] The term "shock absorber" is a common term in the automotive chassis industry. An automotive shock absorber is essentially a vibration damper. Shock absorbers are used not only in the suspension system but also in other locations in automobiles. For example, they are used in the driver's cab, seats, steering wheel, and can also be used as a damper in the vehicle bumper. In the suspension system, the elastic elements vibrate due to impact. To improve the ride comfort, shock absorbers are installed in parallel with the elastic elements in the suspension. To dampen vibrations, the shock absorbers used in automotive suspension systems are mostly hydraulic shock absorbers. Their working principle is that when the frame (or body) and axle vibrate and there is relative motion, the piston inside the shock absorber moves up and down, and the oil in the shock absorber chamber repeatedly flows from one chamber to another through different orifices. At this time, the friction between the orifice wall and the oil, as well as the internal friction between oil molecules, creates a damping force on the vibration, converting the vehicle's vibration energy into oil heat energy, which is then absorbed by the shock absorber and dissipated into the atmosphere. When the cross-section of the oil passage and other factors remain constant, the damping force increases or decreases with the relative speed of movement between the frame and the axle (or wheels), and is related to the viscosity of the oil. The shock absorber and elastic element are responsible for buffering impacts and damping vibrations. Excessive damping force will degrade the elasticity of the suspension and may even damage the shock absorber connecting parts.

[0003] Steering dampers are damping shock absorbers installed in the steering system of automobiles. They come in various structural forms, the most common being a cylindrical damper filled with a viscous fluid, similar in structure to suspension dampers. Their function is to prevent self-excited or forced shimmy of the steering wheels; they also help prevent brake pull. Steering dampers are damping shock absorbers installed in the steering system to reduce impacts directly from uneven road surfaces and vibrations in the steering system, thus improving steering performance. If the steering mechanism uses power steering, which can further reduce impacts and mitigate vibrations, steering dampers are not commonly used in practice.

[0004] Since its inception in the mid-19th century, air suspension has undergone a century of development, evolving through various forms such as "pneumatic spring-airbag composite suspension → semi-active air suspension → central inflation / deflation suspension (i.e., ECAS electronically controlled air suspension system)". It wasn't until the 1950s that it was applied to heavy-duty trucks, buses, cars, and railway vehicles. Currently, almost all high-end buses abroad use air suspension, and the proportion of heavy-duty trucks using air suspension has reached over 80%. The application of air suspension in light vehicles is also rapidly increasing. Some passenger cars are also gradually installing air suspension, such as the Lincoln in the United States and the Benz 300SE and Benz 600 in Germany. In some special vehicles (such as instrument vehicles with high vibration damping requirements, ambulances, special military vehicles, and container transport vehicles), the use of air suspension is almost the only option. In my country, however, air suspension systems are still in their initial stages, and are only used in some luxury buses and a small number of heavy-duty trucks and trailers.

[0005] Generally speaking, the softer the elastic damping element, the less energy it stores, resulting in better damping and vibration reduction. However, if the elastic damping element is designed to be too soft, it cannot provide adequate support; conversely, if it is designed to be too stiff, the energy stored when encountering obstacles will increase, leading to greater vibration. Currently, most commercially available automotive shock absorbers do not allow for adjustment of the stiffness of the elastic damping element, making it impossible to adapt to the required damping performance under various road conditions or loads. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber that overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It adopts a composite damping body structure composed of air springs, metal springs and hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil is distributed in the proportional cylinder. The composite damping body can quickly absorb and release kinetic energy. The air spring, which combines an air compression chamber and a vacuum chamber, has better flexibility, reduces the bumpy feeling after passing through potholes and obstacles, and improves the driving comfort experience.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber includes a proportional cylinder body, a vacuum baffle, an upper cylinder spring, an upper cylinder piston, a lower cylinder piston, and a sealing guide post. The proportional cylinder body comprises an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, with an inner diameter ratio of 2:1 to 3:1. The upper cylinder body houses the upper cylinder piston, forming a sealed air cavity between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body. A vacuum baffle is fixedly installed below the upper cylinder piston. The sealing guide post is centrally and downwardly connected to the upper cylinder piston. A negative pressure cavity is formed between the upper cylinder body, the upper cylinder piston, the sealing guide post, and the vacuum baffle. The sealed air cavity and the negative pressure cavity form a composite air spring. An upper cylinder spring is installed between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body. The lower cylinder body houses the lower cylinder piston, which is connected to a connecting seat via a support post. The outer shell of the support post is a rubber dust cover or a corrugated pipe dust cover. The upper cylinder body has an oil inlet with an electrically controlled valve. The space between the lower cylinder piston and the vacuum baffle is filled with hydraulic oil.

[0009] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the sealing guide post and the vacuum partition.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower cylinder piston is connected to the slide column via threads, and a damping vibration damping component is connected to the top of the slide column.

[0011] Furthermore, the vacuum partition is provided with at least one check valve, and the conduction direction of the check valve is from bottom to top.

[0012] Furthermore, the damping vibration damping assembly includes a damping orifice plate and a rubber support plate disposed at the bottom of the damping orifice plate, the damping orifice plate and the rubber support plate being fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column; the top of the sliding column is provided with a flat support platform for pushing the sealing guide column.

[0013] Furthermore, the top sealing plate of the upper cylinder body is provided with a ring of air holes, and a film gasket is provided at the bottom of the air holes. The bottom of the film gasket is connected to a film bracket, and the film gasket is an annular gasket.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the upper cylinder is provided with a rubber pad and bolts for connecting to the car frame; the connecting seat is connected and matched with the wheel axle, and the connecting seat is located at the bottom of the lower cylinder; the upper cylinder is provided with a valve stem; the lower cylinder below the piston of the lower cylinder is provided with a lower limit stop and an exhaust port.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1) The composite damping structure is composed of air springs, metal springs and hydraulic oil, which can quickly absorb and release kinetic energy, reducing the bumpy feeling after passing through potholes and obstacles. The air spring, which combines an air compression chamber and a vacuum chamber, is more flexible and improves the driving comfort experience.

[0017] 2) Hydraulic oil is distributed in the variable-diameter cylinder. The diameters of the upper and lower pistons in the variable-diameter cylinder are configured in proportion to form different degrees of response to vehicle vibration, thereby improving the vehicle's shock absorption performance. The presence of hydraulic oil can increase the stiffness of the vehicle's shock absorber, thereby enhancing the shock absorber's support force.

[0018] 3) This structure is suitable for vehicles such as sedans, heavy SUVs and vans. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping vibration reduction component structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Top view;

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Proportional cylinder block, 2-Vacuum baffle, 3-Upper cylinder spring, 4-Sealing guide post, 5-Upper cylinder piston, 6-Lower cylinder piston, 8-Upper cylinder block, 9-Lower cylinder block, 10-Sealing ring, 11-Oil inlet, 13-Electric control valve, 14-Rubber dust cover, 15-Support column, 16-Sliding column, 17-Damping vibration damping assembly, 18-One-way valve, 19-Valve nozzle, 20-Damping orifice, 21-Flat support, 22-Lower limit stop, 23-Exhaust port, 24-Nut, 25-Connecting seat, 26-Bolt, 27-Rubber gasket, 28-Film bracket, 29-Damping orifice plate, 30-Rubber support plate, 31-Air hole, 32-Film gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific embodiments used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the specific embodiments described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other specific embodiments can be obtained based on these specific embodiments without creative effort.

[0026] The components of the present invention described and shown in the specific embodiments herein can be arranged and designed in numerous different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the specific embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but only to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0027] See Figure 1-4 This is a schematic diagram of a superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to the present invention. It includes a proportional cylinder body 1, a vacuum baffle 2, an upper cylinder spring 3, a sealing guide post 4, an upper cylinder piston 5, and a lower cylinder piston 6. The proportional cylinder body 1 comprises an upper cylinder body 8 and a lower cylinder body 9, with an inner diameter ratio of 2-3:1. The upper cylinder body 8 houses the upper cylinder piston 5, forming a sealed air cavity between the top of the upper cylinder piston 5 and the upper cylinder body 8. A vacuum baffle 2 is fixedly installed below the upper cylinder piston 5. The upper cylinder piston 5 is centrally and downwardly connected to the sealing guide post 4. The upper cylinder body 8 and the upper cylinder piston 5... A negative pressure chamber is formed between the sealing guide column 4 and the vacuum baffle 2. The sealed air chamber and the negative pressure chamber form a composite air spring. An upper cylinder spring 3 is also provided between the top of the upper cylinder piston 5 and the upper cylinder body 8. A lower cylinder piston 6 is provided inside the lower cylinder body 9. The space between the lower cylinder piston 6 and the vacuum baffle 2 is filled with hydraulic oil. The vacuum baffle 2 is located inside the upper cylinder body 8. An oil inlet 11 is provided on the upper cylinder body 8. An electric control valve 13 is provided on the oil inlet 11. The lower cylinder piston 6 is connected to the connecting seat 25 through the support column 15. The outer shell of the support column 15 is a rubber dust cover 14 or a corrugated pipe dust cover.

[0028] The vacuum baffle 2 is equipped with at least one-way valve 18. The one-way valve 18 flows from bottom to top. Its function is to compress and return the gas in the negative pressure chamber to the sealed air chamber when subjected to the compressive force of strong vibration energy during a large cratering event. A sealing ring 10 is provided between the sealing guide post 4 and the vacuum baffle 2. The sealing ring 10 is a double-ring design to maintain good sealing performance. Under normal circumstances, the gas pressure in the sealed air chamber can provide support for the wheels and subframe. A pressure sensor can be installed in the sealed air chamber to monitor pressure leakage in real time, and the pressure can be replenished in time through the valve 19 by an external air pump or air inflator.

[0029] The lower cylinder piston 6 is connected to the slide column 16 via threads, and a damping vibration damping assembly 17 is connected to the top of the slide column 16. The damping vibration damping assembly 17 includes a damping orifice plate 29 and a rubber support plate 30 located at the bottom of the damping orifice plate 29. The damping orifice plate 29 and the rubber support plate 30 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the slide column 16 by a nut 24. The top of the slide column 16 is provided with a flat support platform 21 for pushing the sealing guide column 4. When the damping vibration damping assembly 17 moves upward with the slide column 16, the rubber support plate 30 is resisted by hydraulic oil and opens all the damping orifices 20. When the rubber support plate 30 moves downward, it fits against the damping orifice plate 29 and closes part of the damping orifice 20, thereby achieving rapid damping. That is, the damping force is large when the lower cylinder piston 6 rises and small when it falls.

[0030] The top sealing plate of the upper cylinder 8 has a ring of air holes 31, and a film gasket 32 ​​is provided at the bottom of the air holes 31. The bottom of the film gasket 32 ​​is connected to the film bracket 28. The film gasket 32 ​​is an annular gasket. The film gasket 32 ​​acts as a one-way valve. When the gas space between the upper cylinder piston 5 and the upper cylinder is insufficient (for example, due to leakage), air can be automatically replenished through the air holes 31 without the need for additional air replenishment.

[0031] The upper cylinder block 8 has a rubber pad 27 and a bolt 26 at its top for connecting to the car frame; the lower cylinder block 9 has a connecting seat 25 at its bottom for connecting to the wheel axle. The upper cylinder block 8 and the lower cylinder block 9 are connected to the corresponding components of the car. The lower cylinder block below the piston of the lower cylinder has a lower limit stop 22 and an exhaust port 23.

[0032] The proportional cylinder block 1's structure can deeply compensate for bumps and reduce vibration. The upper cylinder spring 3, sealed guide post 4, and lower cylinder piston 6 can provide a rapid damping response on flat roads, improving comfort. The elastic coefficient and preload of the upper cylinder spring 3 and sealed guide post 4 can be designed and adjusted appropriately according to the vehicle's weight. Hydraulic oil is injected through the oil inlet 11. Because hydraulic oil is incompressible, it can enhance the shock absorber's support force.

[0033] When a vehicle passes over a large pothole, the wheels and subframe experience upward compressive force, compressing the upper cylinder spring 3 and the sealing guide post 4, while simultaneously compressing the upper cylinder piston 5 and the lower cylinder piston 6. The upper cylinder spring 3 is compressed, shortening the overall length of the shock absorber. At this point, the air spring, metal spring, and hydraulic oil work together to provide damping. During this process, the vehicle body rises to a certain height under the force of the pothole. After the vehicle body has moved over the pothole, the upper cylinder spring 3 rebounds, the lower cylinder piston 6 falls, and the upper cylinder piston 5 returns to above the vacuum baffle 2, returning the shock absorber to its original position. Air springs have non-linear damping, a high compressibility ratio, and energy dissipation during compression, effectively absorbing vibration and bump energy. The stacked air spring has a long and narrow cavity, resulting in excellent damping and vibration absorption.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber, characterized in that, It includes a proportional cylinder block, vacuum baffle, upper cylinder spring, upper cylinder piston, lower cylinder piston, and sealing guide post, among which, The proportional cylinder block includes an upper cylinder block and a lower cylinder block, and the inner diameter ratio of the upper cylinder block and the lower cylinder block is 2:1-3:1; The upper cylinder body is provided with an upper cylinder piston. A sealed air cavity is formed between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body. A vacuum baffle is fixedly provided below the upper cylinder piston. A sealing guide column is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder piston downward in the center. A negative pressure cavity is formed between the upper cylinder body, the upper cylinder piston, the sealing guide column and the vacuum baffle. The sealed air cavity and the negative pressure cavity form a composite air spring. An upper cylinder spring is provided between the top of the upper cylinder piston and the upper cylinder body. The lower cylinder body is provided with a lower cylinder piston, which is connected to the connecting seat through a support column. The outer shell of the support column is a rubber dust cover or a corrugated pipe dust cover. The upper cylinder is provided with an oil inlet, which is equipped with an electric control valve; the space between the lower cylinder piston and the vacuum baffle is filled with hydraulic oil.

2. The superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the sealing guide post and the vacuum partition.

3. The superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower cylinder piston is connected to the sliding column via threads, and a damping vibration damping component is connected to the top of the sliding column.

4. A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum partition is equipped with at least one one-way valve, and the one-way valve is open from bottom to top.

5. A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The damping vibration damping assembly includes a damping orifice plate and a rubber support plate disposed at the bottom of the damping orifice plate. The damping orifice plate and the rubber support plate are fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column. The top of the sliding column is provided with a flat support platform for pushing the sealing guide column.

6. A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top sealing plate of the upper cylinder is provided with a ring of air holes, and a film gasket is provided at the bottom of the air holes. The bottom of the film gasket is connected to the film bracket, and the film gasket is an annular gasket.

7. A superimposed semi-air suspension shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cylinder body is provided with a rubber pad and bolts for connecting to the car frame. The connecting seat is connected and matched with the wheel axle. The connecting seat is located at the bottom of the lower cylinder body. The upper cylinder body is provided with a valve stem. The lower cylinder body below the piston of the lower cylinder is provided with a lower limit stop and an exhaust port.

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