Single battery and battery pack

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly discloses a single battery and a battery pack, and the single battery comprises a shell provided with an accommodating cavity; the electrode assembly is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the top cover covers and seals the shell, and a liquid injection hole and an anti-explosion valve opening hole are formed in the top cover; the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the top cover and seals the opening of the anti-explosion valve; the insulating component comprises an insulating main body and a diversion part, the insulating main body is connected to the side, close to the electrode assembly, of the top cover, the diversion part is connected to the insulating main body, at least part of the diversion part is located on the side, close to the electrode assembly, of the insulating main body, a diversion cavity is formed in the diversion part, and the diversion cavity communicates with the liquid injection hole; a flow guide hole is formed in the side, close to the electrode assembly, of the flow guide part and communicates with the flow guide cavity and the containing cavity, the flow guide hole and the liquid injection hole are arranged in a staggered mode, and when the anti-explosion valve cracks, the flow guide cavity communicates with the opening of the anti-explosion valve. According to the invention, the safety performance of the single battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, secondary batteries with high energy density, long cycle life, and high safety performance have been widely used and developed, and the demand for secondary batteries with larger capacity, greater durability, and enhanced safety is extremely urgent. Safety performance is one of the core performance characteristics of secondary batteries. Therefore, how to improve the safety performance of secondary batteries has become a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0003] Embodiments of this application provide a single battery cell and a battery pack to improve the safety performance of the single battery cell.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, a single-cell battery is provided, comprising:

[0006] The housing has a receiving cavity;

[0007] Electrode assembly, disposed within the receiving cavity;

[0008] The top cover is a sealing shell with a liquid injection hole and an explosion-proof valve opening.

[0009] An explosion-proof valve is installed on the top cover and its opening is sealed; and

[0010] An insulating component includes an insulating body and a flow guiding part. The insulating body is connected to the top cover on the side near the electrode assembly. The flow guiding part is connected to the insulating body, and at least a portion of the flow guiding part is located on the side of the insulating body near the electrode assembly. A flow guiding cavity is provided in the flow guiding part, which is connected to the injection hole. A flow guiding hole is provided on the side of the flow guiding part near the electrode assembly, which is connected to both the flow guiding cavity and the receiving cavity. The flow guiding hole and the injection hole are misaligned. When the explosion-proof valve cracks, the flow guiding cavity is connected to the explosion-proof valve opening, and the receiving cavity and the outside of the housing are connected through the flow guiding cavity and the explosion-proof valve opening.

[0011] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the single cell has a first orientation and a reference plane perpendicular to the first orientation;

[0012] Along the first direction, the orthogonal projection of the orifice wall of the guide hole onto the reference plane does not coincide with the orthogonal projection of the orifice wall of the injection hole onto the reference plane.

[0013] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the flow guide includes: a fixing part, which is fixedly connected to the insulating body; and

[0014] A protrusion is provided on the side of the fixing part near the electrode assembly. A flow guiding cavity is provided in the protrusion, and a flow guiding hole is provided on the side of the protrusion near the electrode assembly.

[0015] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the single cell has a second orientation;

[0016] The flow guiding cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity that are interconnected. The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are arranged in a second direction. The first sub-cavity is closer to the explosion-proof valve than the second sub-cavity. When the explosion-proof valve cracks, the first sub-cavity is connected to the opening of the explosion-proof valve. The first sub-cavity and the opening of the explosion-proof valve are connected to the receiving cavity and the outside of the housing. The first sub-cavity has a cavity bottom wall close to the electrode assembly. Multiple flow guiding holes are provided. Multiple flow guiding holes are opened on the cavity bottom wall. A first through hole is opened on the side of the fixing part close to the second sub-cavity. The first through hole connects the second sub-cavity to the liquid injection hole.

[0017] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the flow guide and the insulating body are provided separately.

[0018] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the melting point of the flow guide is greater than the melting point of the insulating body.

[0019] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the flow guide and the insulating body are provided separately, and the fixing part is provided with a snap-fit ​​part on the side of the insulating body;

[0020] A second through hole is provided on the insulating body, which connects the first through hole and the liquid injection hole;

[0021] The snap-fit ​​part passes through the second through hole and is snapped and fixed to the insulating body.

[0022] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the flow guide and the insulating body are provided separately, a locking groove is provided on the fixing part, and a locking part is provided on the side of the insulating body near the fixing part, the locking part being embedded in the locking groove to fix the fixing part and the insulating body together.

[0023] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, a second through hole is provided on the insulating body, the second through hole connecting the first through hole to the liquid injection hole;

[0024] The outer contour dimension of the fixing part is larger than the inner contour dimension of the second through hole.

[0025] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the flow guide and the insulating body are provided separately, the insulating body has a fixing groove on the side near the top cover, and the insulating body has a second through hole, the fixing groove and the second through hole are connected.

[0026] The fixing part is embedded in the fixing groove to fix the fixing part to the insulating body, and at least part of the protrusion is inserted through the second through hole.

[0027] On the other hand, a battery pack is further disclosed, which, in addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, includes a housing; and individual cells as described in any of the preceding claims, the individual cells being disposed within the housing.

[0028] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: By misaligning the flow guide hole and the injection hole, the electrolyte of the single cell is buffered after flowing through the injection hole and the flow guide cavity before flowing through the flow guide hole into the receiving cavity. This ensures the injection efficiency of the single cell while preventing the electrolyte from directly impacting the outermost diaphragm of the electrode assembly during injection, thus avoiding diaphragm folding that could cause direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes and lead to a short circuit in the single cell, reducing safety hazards and improving the safety performance of the single cell. At the same time, the flow guide cavity is used to vent and guide air in the event of thermal runaway of the single cell, so that the flow guide part has the functions of injection buffering and explosion-proof venting. This optimizes the overall structural design of the insulating component, eliminating the need for other venting structures, improving the overall processing efficiency of the insulating component, and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of a single battery cell provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a single cell provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating component provided according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the insulating member provided according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating component provided according to a specific embodiment two of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the insulating component provided according to a specific embodiment two of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating component provided according to a specific embodiment three of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating component provided according to a specific embodiment three of this application from another perspective;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating component provided according to specific embodiment four of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the insulating member provided according to specific embodiment four of this application;

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0043] 100. Single cell battery;

[0044] 110. Shell; 111. Receiving cavity;

[0045] 120. Electrode assembly;

[0046] 130. Top cover; 131. Injection hole; 132. Explosion-proof valve opening;

[0047] 140. Insulating component; 141. Insulating body; 1411. Second through hole; 1412. Fixing groove; 1413. Locking part; 142. Flow guiding part; 1421. Fixing part; 14211. First through hole; 14212. Locking groove; 1422. Protrusion; 1423. Flow guiding cavity; 14231. First sub-cavity; 14232. Second sub-cavity; 14233. Cavity bottom wall; 1424. Flow guiding hole; 143. Buckling part;

[0048] 150. Explosion-proof valve;

[0049] 200. Box body;

[0050] 300. Box lid. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrates this application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described in this specification are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit it.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] Current secondary battery filling processes typically involve injecting electrolyte directly into the battery through injection holes and lower plastic through-holes using injection equipment. However, in actual production, to improve process efficiency and ensure the battery cells are fully filled with electrolyte, higher liquid pressures are usually used for injection. Due to the high injection pressure and the lack of flow obstruction during electrolyte injection, the electrolyte flowing in through the injection holes and lower plastic through-holes directly impacts the positive and negative electrode plates and separator inside the secondary battery, damaging the internal structure and affecting the battery's yield and safety performance. Furthermore, the lower plastic in existing secondary batteries is a one-piece molded structure, which is more difficult and costly to manufacture.

[0056] To address the aforementioned problems, in the embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figures 1 to 2 This application provides a single-cell battery 100, which has a first direction Z, a second direction X, and a third direction Y that intersect each other in pairs. For example, the single-cell battery 100 has a first direction Z, a second direction X, and a third direction Y that are perpendicular to each other in pairs. Here, "perpendicular" refers to a state where the angle formed by a straight line and a straight line, a straight line and a plane, or a plane and a plane is 89° to 91°.

[0057] For example, in this application, the first direction Z is the height direction of the single cell 100, the second direction X is the length direction of the single cell 100, and the third direction Y is the width direction of the single cell 100.

[0058] Specifically, the single cell 100 includes: a casing 110, an electrode assembly 120, a top cover 130, an insulating component 140, and an explosion-proof valve 150.

[0059] The housing 110 is provided with a receiving cavity 111; the electrode assembly 120 is disposed in the receiving cavity 111; the top cover 130 covers the housing 110, and the top cover 130 is provided with a liquid injection hole 131 and an explosion-proof valve opening 132; the insulating member 140 is connected to the side of the top cover 130 near the electrode assembly 120, and the explosion-proof valve 150 is disposed on the top cover 130 and the explosion-proof valve 150 seals the explosion-proof valve opening 132.

[0060] The single cell 100 can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a single cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. For example, the single cell 100 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, or nickel-cadmium battery, but is not limited to these.

[0061] The single cell 100 can be a prismatic cell, a pouch cell, or a cell of other shapes. For example, in this application, the single cell 100 is a square cell.

[0062] The housing 110 may be made of a strong material such as metal, but is not limited to this. For example, the housing 110 described above is made of aluminum profile, but is not limited to this.

[0063] The top cover 130 can be integrally formed with the housing 110, meaning the top cover 130 can serve as the outer wall of the housing 110. The top cover 130 can also be fixedly connected to the housing 110, for example, by welding or other processes, to one end of the housing 110 in the Z-axis direction. This application does not impose specific limitations and can be configured according to actual circumstances. For example, in this application, the top cover 130 and the housing 110 are separate components, and the top cover 130 and the housing 110 are fixed together by welding.

[0064] The insulating component 140 can be made of rubber, silicone, or plastic, but is not limited to these materials.

[0065] The explosion-proof valve 150 can be obtained by directly installing an existing explosion-proof valve onto the top cover 130, or by machining explosion-proof grooves on the top cover 130. This application does not make specific limitations and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0066] The single-cell battery 100 also includes an electrolyte, terminals, and other functional components. The electrolyte can be a conventional electrolyte or a special electrolyte with additives. The electrolyte is used to wet the electrode assembly 120. The electrode assembly 120 is the component in the single-cell battery 100 where electrochemical reactions occur, and there can be one or more electrode assemblies. The electrode assembly 120 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 120, while the portions without active materials constitute the tabs. During the charging and discharging process of the single-cell battery 100, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs and terminals are electrically connected to form a current loop, enabling the single-cell battery 100 to function normally.

[0067] Specifically, refer to Figures 3 to 5The insulating component 140 includes an insulating body 141 and a flow guiding portion 142. The insulating body 141 is connected to the top cover 130 on the side near the electrode assembly 120. The flow guiding portion 142 is connected to the insulating body 141, and at least a portion of the flow guiding portion 142 is located on the side of the insulating body 141 near the electrode assembly 120. A flow guiding cavity 1423 is formed in the flow guiding portion 142, and the flow guiding cavity 1423 communicates with the injection hole 131. A flow guiding hole 1424 is formed on the side of the flow guiding portion 142 near the electrode assembly 120. The flow guiding hole 1424 communicates with the flow guiding cavity 1423 and the receiving cavity 111, that is, the flow guiding hole 1424 connects the injection hole 131 and the receiving cavity 111. The flow guiding hole 1424 and the injection hole 131 are misaligned, that is, the projection area of ​​the hole wall of the flow guiding hole 1424 in the first direction Z does not overlap with the projection area of ​​the hole wall of the injection hole 131 in the first direction Z at least partially. When the explosion-proof valve 150 cracks, the flow guide cavity 1423 is connected to the explosion-proof valve opening 132, and the flow guide cavity 1423 and the explosion-proof valve opening 132 are connected to the outside of the receiving cavity 111 and the housing 110.

[0068] The injection hole 131 and the guide hole 1424 can be of any shape. For example, in this application, the injection hole 131 and the guide hole 1424 are both circular to facilitate processing and forming.

[0069] Understandably, this application achieves this by misaligning the flow guide hole 1424 with the injection hole 131. This allows the electrolyte in the single cell 100 to be buffered after flowing through the injection hole 131 and the flow guide cavity 1423 before flowing through the flow guide hole 1424 into the receiving cavity 111. This ensures the injection efficiency of the single cell 100 while preventing the electrolyte in the single cell 100 from directly impacting the outermost diaphragm of the electrode assembly 120 during injection. This avoids the diaphragm from folding and causing direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which could lead to a short circuit in the single cell 100, reducing safety hazards and improving the safety performance of the single cell 100. At the same time, this application utilizes the flow guide cavity 1423 to vent and guide air in the event of thermal runaway in the single cell 100. This allows the flow guide part 142 to simultaneously have the functions of injection buffering and explosion-proof venting, thus optimizing the overall structural design of the insulating component 140. This eliminates the need for other venting structures, improving the overall processing efficiency of the insulating component 140 and reducing costs.

[0070] In one embodiment, a sealing element (not shown in the figure) is also provided at the injection hole 131 to seal the injection hole 131, thereby sealing the entire single cell 100 and ensuring the normal use of the single cell 100.

[0071] In one embodiment, the single cell also has a reference plane P perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0072] Reference Figures 3 to 5Along the first direction Z, the orthogonal projection of the wall of the guide hole 1424 on the reference plane P does not coincide with the orthogonal projection of the wall of the injection hole 131 on the reference plane P. That is, the guide hole 1424 and the injection hole 131 are completely misaligned. This allows the electrolyte of the single cell 100 to be buffered after flowing through the injection hole 131 and then flowing through the guide hole 1424 into the receiving cavity 111 during electrolyte injection. This avoids the electrolyte of the single cell 100 directly impacting the outermost diaphragm of the electrode assembly 120 during electrolyte injection, thereby preventing the diaphragm from folding and causing direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which could lead to a short circuit in the single cell 100. This reduces the safety hazards of the single cell 100 and improves its safety performance.

[0073] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figures 3 to 5 The flow guiding part 142 includes: a fixing part 1421 and a protrusion 1422; the fixing part 1421 is fixedly connected to the insulating body 141; the protrusion 1422 protrudes from the fixing part 1421 on the side near the electrode assembly 120, a flow guiding cavity 1423 is opened in the protrusion 1422, and a flow guiding hole 1424 is opened on the side of the protrusion 1422 near the electrode assembly 120.

[0074] The fixing part 1421 and the protrusion 1422 can be integrally molded, that is, the fixing part 1421 and the protrusion 1422 are a one-piece structure; the fixing part 1421 and the protrusion 1422 can also be separately provided, and the two are fixedly connected. For example, the protrusion 1422 is fixedly connected to the fixing part 1421 by a snap-fit ​​or other process. This application does not make specific limitations, and can be specifically set according to the actual situation. For example, in this application, the fixing part 1421 and the protrusion 1422 are integrally injection molded.

[0075] In this application, the surface of the fixing part 1421 on the side near the electrode assembly 120 protrudes in the direction of approaching the electrode assembly 120 to form a protrusion 1422, and the surface of the fixing part 1421 on the side away from the electrode assembly 120 is recessed in the direction of approaching the electrode assembly 120 to form a flow guide cavity 1423.

[0076] Understandably, when the single cell 100 is filled with electrolyte, the electrolyte flows from the external filling device to the filling hole 131 of the single cell 100, then flows to the guiding cavity 1423, is buffered in the guiding cavity 1423, and then flows to the guiding hole 1424. Through the guiding hole 1424, it flows into the receiving cavity 111. This further ensures the filling efficiency of the single cell 100 while avoiding the electrolyte of the single cell 100 directly impacting the outermost separator of the electrode assembly 120 during filling. This prevents the separator from folding and causing direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which could lead to a short circuit in the single cell 100, reducing the safety hazards of the single cell 100 and improving its safety performance.

[0077] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figures 3 to 5 The flow guiding cavity 1423 includes a first sub-cavity 14231 and a second sub-cavity 14232 that are interconnected. The first sub-cavity 14231 and the second sub-cavity 14232 are arranged in the second direction X. The first sub-cavity 14231 is closer to the explosion-proof valve 150 than the second sub-cavity 14232. When the explosion-proof valve 150 cracks, the first sub-cavity 14231 communicates with the explosion-proof valve opening 132, and the receiving cavity 111 is connected through the first sub-cavity 14231 and the explosion-proof valve opening 132. Outside the housing 110, the first sub-cavity 14231 has a cavity bottom wall 14233 near the electrode assembly 120, and multiple flow guide holes 1424 are provided. The multiple flow guide holes 1424 are opened in the cavity bottom wall 14233 and the flow guide holes 1424 communicate with the first sub-cavity 14231. The fixing part 1421 has a first through hole 14211 on the side near the second sub-cavity 14232, and the first through hole 14211 connects the second sub-cavity 14232 with the liquid injection hole 131.

[0078] The first sub-cavity 14231 and the second sub-cavity 14232 may be directly connected without a partition structure. A partition wall may also be provided between the first sub-cavity 14231 and the second sub-cavity 14232, and a through hole may be opened on the partition wall to connect the two. This application does not make specific limitations, but can be specifically limited according to the actual situation.

[0079] For example, in this application, the first sub-cavity 14231 and the second sub-cavity 14232 are connected, and the size of the first sub-cavity 14231 in the third direction Y is greater than the size of the second sub-cavity 14232 in the third direction Y.

[0080] The first through hole 14211 can be of any shape. For example, in this application, the first through hole 14211 is circular to facilitate processing and shaping.

[0081] Understandably, when the single cell 100 is filled with electrolyte, the electrolyte flows from the external filling device to the filling hole 131 of the single cell 100, then flows through the first through hole 14211 to the second sub-cavity 14232, then flows to the first sub-cavity 14231, and finally flows through the guide hole 1424 into the receiving cavity 111. This ensures the filling efficiency of the single cell 100 while preventing the electrolyte from directly impacting the outermost separator of the electrode assembly 120 during filling. This avoids the separator from folding and causing direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, which could lead to a short circuit in the single cell 100, reducing the safety hazards of the single cell 100 and improving its safety performance.

[0082] Meanwhile, this application increases the flow area and exhaust area of ​​the flow guide 142 by setting multiple flow guide holes 1424, thereby improving the liquid injection efficiency during liquid injection of the single cell 100 and the exhaust efficiency during thermal runaway of the single cell 100.

[0083] Meanwhile, by setting a first sub-cavity 14231, this application can further improve the safety performance of the single cell 100 by utilizing the first sub-cavity 14231 to expel gas more quickly when the single cell 100 experiences thermal runaway.

[0084] In one embodiment, a plurality of flow guide holes 1424 are offset from the injection hole 131, and the plurality of flow guide holes 1424 are arranged at intervals along the second direction X and the third direction Y, respectively.

[0085] In one embodiment, the flow guide 142 and the insulating body 141 are separately provided.

[0086] Understandably, the flow guiding cavity 1423 of the flow guiding section 142 has both liquid injection buffer and explosion-proof venting functions, making molding difficult. This application separates the flow guiding section 142 and the insulating body 141, molding them individually before assembling them into one unit. This facilitates the processing and molding of the flow guiding section 142, improves its processing efficiency, and reduces production costs. Simultaneously, the flow guiding section 142 is fixedly connected to the insulating body 141, facilitating assembly and molding between them, improving the assembly efficiency of the insulating component 140, and thus enhancing the overall assembly efficiency of the single-cell battery 100.

[0087] In one embodiment, the melting point of the flow guide 142 is greater than the melting point of the insulating body 141.

[0088] Understandably, when a single cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature and high-pressure gas will be generated inside the single cell 100. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas will be discharged from the guide hole 1424-first sub-cavity 14231-explosion-proof valve 150. Due to the high temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the guide part 142 may be damaged or deformed.

[0089] This application limits the melting point of the current guiding part 142 to be greater than that of the insulating body 141, so as to avoid damage to the current guiding part 142 in the event of thermal runaway of the single cell 100, ensure the normal exhaust and current guiding function of the current guiding part 142, and thus ensure the safety performance of the single cell 100.

[0090] In a specific embodiment of this application, refer to Figures 4 to 5 The current guiding portion 142 and the insulating body 141 are separately disposed, and the fixing portion 1421 is adhesively fixed to the side of the insulating body 141 near the electrode assembly 120. For example, the fixing portion 1421 is fixed to the side of the insulating body 141 near the electrode assembly 120 by adhesive, so as to facilitate quick assembly and fixing between the fixing portion 1421 and the insulating body 141, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the single cell 100.

[0091] In one embodiment, a second through hole 1411 is provided on the insulating body 141, and the second through hole 1411 connects the first through hole 14211 with the liquid injection hole 131; the outer contour dimension of the fixing part 1421 is larger than the inner contour dimension of the second through hole 1411, so as to ensure the fixed connection and limiting effect between the fixing part 1421 and the insulating body 141, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability of the single cell 100.

[0092] For example, in this application, along the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the hole wall of the second through hole 1411 on the reference plane P is within the orthographic projection of the fixing part 1421 on the reference plane P.

[0093] In the second specific embodiment of this application, refer to Figures 6 to 7 The flow guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141 are separately arranged. The fixing part 1421 is provided with a snap-fit ​​part 143 on the side near the insulating body 141. The insulating body 141 is provided with a second through hole 1411, which connects the first through hole 14211 with the liquid injection hole 131. The snap-fit ​​part 143 passes through the second through hole 1411 and is snapped and fixed to the insulating body 141 to realize the fixed connection between the flow guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141, ensuring the stability of the fixed connection between the flow guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability of the single cell 100.

[0094] Meanwhile, other technical features in the second specific embodiment of this application are the same as those in the first specific embodiment described above. Since the features have been described in detail in the first specific embodiment described above, the second specific embodiment of this application will not be described accordingly. For details, please refer to the description in the first specific embodiment.

[0095] In the specific embodiment three of this application, refer to Figures 8 to 9 The current guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141 are separately arranged. The fixing part 1421 is provided with a locking groove 14212. The insulating body 141 is provided with a locking part 1413 on the side near the fixing part 1421. The locking part 1413 is embedded in the locking groove 14212 to fix the fixing part 1421 and the insulating body 141, so as to realize the fixed connection between the current guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141, ensure the stability of the fixed connection between the current guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141, and thus ensure the overall structural stability of the single cell 100.

[0096] It should be understood that, in this application, the locking part 1413 may also be disposed on the fixing part 1421, and the locking groove 14212 may be formed in the insulating body 141 to fix the fixing part 1421 and the insulating body 141, which should also be regarded as an embodiment of this application.

[0097] Meanwhile, other technical features in the third embodiment of this application are the same as those in the first embodiment described above. Since the features have been described in detail in the first embodiment, the third embodiment of this application will not be described in the same way. For details, please refer to the description in the first embodiment.

[0098] In the specific embodiment four of this application, refer to Figures 10 to 11 The flow guide 142 and the insulating body 141 are separately provided. The insulating body 141 has a fixing groove 1412 on the side near the top cover 130, and a second through hole 1411 is provided on the insulating body 141. The fixing groove 1412 communicates with the second through hole 1411. The fixing part 1421 is embedded in the fixing groove 1412 to fix the fixing part 1421 to the insulating body 141. At least part of the protrusion 1422 passes through the second through hole 1411.

[0099] This application achieves a fixed connection between the current guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141 by cooperating between the fixing part 1421 and the fixing groove 1412, ensuring the stability of the fixed connection between the current guiding part 142 and the insulating body 141, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability of the single cell 100; at the same time, after the single cell 100 is assembled, the top cover 130 further confines the fixing part 1421 within the fixing groove 1412, so as to further ensure the overall structural stability of the single cell 100.

[0100] On the other hand, in the embodiments of this application, reference is made to... Figure 12 This application also provides a battery pack, including: a housing 200, a single battery 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, and a cover 300; the single battery 100 is disposed inside the housing 200, and the cover 300 is disposed on one side of the housing 200 in the first direction Z to seal the housing 200.

[0101] The battery pack can be a three-tiered system consisting of individual battery cells 100, battery modules, and a battery pack. This means that the individual battery cells 100 are first grouped into battery modules, and then the battery modules are placed inside the housing 200 to form a battery pack. Alternatively, it can be a two-tiered system consisting of individual battery cells 100 and a battery pack, where the individual battery cells 100 are directly housed inside the housing 200 to form a battery pack. No specific limitations are imposed in this application; the design can be tailored to the specific circumstances, as long as it does not affect the effectiveness of this application.

[0102] On the other hand, in embodiments of this application, an electrical device is also provided, including a battery pack as described above, which serves as the power supply for the electrical device. The electrical device may be, but is not limited to, mobile devices (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, etc.), electric vehicles (e.g., pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, etc.), electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, etc.

[0103] The above embodiments are provided only to help understand the methods, structures, and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: The housing has a receiving cavity; The electrode assembly is disposed within the receiving cavity; A top cover seals the housing, and the top cover has a liquid injection hole and an explosion-proof valve opening. An explosion-proof valve is installed on the top cover and seals the opening of the explosion-proof valve; The insulating component includes an insulating body and a flow guide. The insulating body is connected to the top cover near the electrode assembly. The flow guide is connected to the insulating body, and at least a portion of the flow guide is located on the insulating body near the electrode assembly. A flow guide cavity is formed in the flow guide, which communicates with the injection hole. A flow guide hole is formed on the side of the flow guide near the electrode assembly, which communicates with both the flow guide cavity and the receiving cavity. The flow guide hole is misaligned with the injection hole. When the explosion-proof valve cracks, the flow guide cavity communicates with the explosion-proof valve opening, and the receiving cavity and the outside of the housing are connected through the flow guide cavity and the explosion-proof valve opening.

2. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The single cell has a first direction and a reference plane perpendicular to the first direction; along the first direction, the orthographic projection of the wall of the flow guide hole on the reference plane does not coincide with the orthographic projection of the wall of the injection hole on the reference plane.

3. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding portion includes: a fixing portion, the fixing portion being fixedly connected to the insulating body; and... A protrusion is provided on the side of the fixing part near the electrode assembly. The protrusion has a flow guiding cavity and a flow guiding hole is provided on the side of the protrusion near the electrode assembly.

4. The single-cell battery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The single cell has a second orientation; The flow guiding cavity includes a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity that are interconnected. The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are arranged in the second direction. The first sub-cavity is closer to the explosion-proof valve than the second sub-cavity. When the explosion-proof valve cracks, the first sub-cavity communicates with the opening of the explosion-proof valve. The first sub-cavity and the opening of the explosion-proof valve communicate with the receiving cavity and the outside of the housing. The first sub-cavity has a cavity bottom wall close to the electrode assembly. Multiple flow guide holes are provided. Multiple flow guide holes are opened on the cavity bottom wall. The fixing part has a first through hole on the side close to the second sub-cavity. The first through hole communicates the second sub-cavity with the injection hole.

5. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide and the insulating body are separate components.

6. The single-cell battery as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The melting point of the flow guide is greater than the melting point of the insulating body.

7. The single-cell battery as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The flow guiding part and the insulating body are separately provided, and the fixing part is provided with a buckle part on the side of the insulating body; The insulating body is provided with a second through hole, which connects the first through hole to the liquid injection hole; The buckle portion passes through the second through hole and is engaged and fixed with the insulating body.

8. The single-cell battery as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The flow guide and the insulating body are separately disposed. The fixing part is provided with a locking groove. The insulating body is provided with a locking part on the side near the fixing part. The locking part is embedded in the locking groove to fix the fixing part and the insulating body.

9. The single-cell battery as described in any one of claims 4 or 7, characterized in that, The insulating body is provided with a second through hole, which connects the first through hole to the liquid injection hole; The outer contour dimension of the fixing part is larger than the inner contour dimension of the second through hole.

10. The single-cell battery as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The flow guide and the insulating body are separately provided. The insulating body has a fixing groove on the side near the top cover, and a second through hole is provided on the insulating body. The fixing groove communicates with the second through hole. The fixing part is embedded in the fixing groove to fix the fixing part to the insulating body, and at least part of the protrusion passes through the second through hole.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Box; as well as The single-cell battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the single-cell battery is disposed within the housing.

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