Petrochemical production reactor capable of adjusting filling height of catalyst
By installing a catalyst bed height adjustment component in the petrochemical production reactor, the waste caused by the fixed catalyst loading height is solved, the full contact between the reactants and the catalyst is achieved, and the amount of catalyst used and energy consumption are reduced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- LIHUAYI LIJIN REFINING & CHEMICAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
The catalyst loading height in the catalyst bed is fixed, which means that some catalyst does not participate in the reaction when the flow rate of reactants fluctuates, resulting in a waste of catalyst and energy.
By installing a catalyst bed height adjustment component in the reactor, including a servo motor, transmission rod, adjusting screw, sealing disc and sealing ring, combined with a flow meter and PLC controller, the catalyst bed height can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to changes in the flow rate of reactants.
The reaction conditions were optimized to ensure sufficient contact between the reactants and the catalyst, thereby reducing the amount of catalyst used, lowering operating costs, and saving energy.
Smart Images
Figure CN224236779U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dust detection technology, specifically to a petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height. Background Technology
[0002] In continuous reforming reactors in the petrochemical industry, gaseous reactants react under the action of a catalyst. During the reaction, the gaseous reactants flow continuously through the catalyst bed, which moves continuously from top to bottom within the reactor, and the catalyst needs to continuously enter and exit the reactor.
[0003] Chinese Patent (Patent No.: CN201210211259.1) discloses a material sealing device and method for a continuous reforming reactor with a feed hopper. The device includes an upper hopper located above the reactor, connected to it via catalyst feed legs, and a feed hopper integrated into the lower part of the reactor. The method involves: after the reactants enter the reactor, they pass through a gas distribution channel and a gas collection channel, finally exiting from the reaction product outlet pipe; the catalyst enters the upper hopper and flows into the reactor; hydrogen (or nitrogen) enters both the upper hopper and the feed hopper, with some entering the reactor along with the catalyst via the feed legs, and some entering the reactor through the feed guide plates. This patented product solves the problem of reactant backflow in the catalyst conveying system and further improves existing continuous reforming reactors.
[0004] However, our factory's actual use revealed a deficiency in this patented product: the catalyst loading height within the catalyst bed is fixed. In actual petrochemical production, the flow rate of reactants fluctuates and is not always stable. When the flow rate of reactants entering the reactor decreases, because the catalyst loading height remains unchanged, some catalyst flows out of the reactor without participating in the reaction, resulting in a significant waste of catalyst and energy. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention provides a petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height. Its purpose is to adjust the catalyst loading height through a catalyst bed height adjustment component, thereby solving the problem of catalyst and energy waste caused by some catalyst not participating in the reaction due to dynamic fluctuations in the flow rate of reactants.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0007] This invention provides a petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height, comprising a cylindrical body, an inlet end cap, an outlet end cap, a catalyst feed chamber, and a catalyst discharge chamber. The cylindrical body, inlet end cap, and outlet end cap form a closed reaction chamber. A reactant inlet pipe is provided at the top of the inlet end cap, and a reaction product outlet pipe is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical body. An outer partition and an inner partition are fixed in the inner cavity of the cylindrical body by a partition support. A reactant channel is formed between the outer partition and the inner wall of the cylindrical body, and a catalyst bed is formed between the outer partition and the inner partition. A reaction product channel with a circular cross-section is formed in the internal area of the inner partition. At least three catalyst feed lines are connected to the bottom of the catalyst feed chamber, and the bottom ends of the catalyst feed lines pass through the inlet end cap and are fixed. The bottom of the catalyst bed is fixedly connected to the catalyst discharge chamber by a sealing diversion component.
[0008] A flow meter one is installed on the inlet pipe of the reactant, and a flow meter two is installed on the outlet pipe of the reaction product;
[0009] Each of the catalyst feed lines is equipped with a regulating valve, and the bottom end of each catalyst feed line is connected to a multi-layer sleeve expansion joint. The other end of the multi-layer sleeve expansion joint is set on the sealing ring described below.
[0010] The petrochemical production reactor further includes a catalyst bed height adjustment assembly, which comprises a servo motor, a transmission rod, an adjusting screw, a pressure support, a sealing disc, and a sealing ring. The servo motor is fixed to the outside of the inlet end cap. The beginning of the transmission rod is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor, and the end of the transmission rod extends through the inlet end cap into the reaction chamber. A bevel gear is connected to the end of the transmission rod. The adjusting screw is arranged along the axis of the cylinder, and a bevel gear is fitted on it. The bevel gear has a through hole with internal threads along its axis, through which it is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw. The bevel gear and the... The first bevel gear meshes with each other; the second bevel gear is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing, and the outer ring of the second bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap by a bracket; the sealing disc is axially movable inside the reaction product channel, and the sealing ring is axially movable inside the catalyst bed; the bottom end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the lowering bracket, and the lowering bracket includes several outer push-pull rods and inner push-pull rods. The outer push-pull rods correspond one-to-one with the legs of the partition mesh fixing bracket. The bottom end of each outer push-pull rod passes through the sleeve on the corresponding leg and is fixed to the sealing ring; the bottom end of the inner push-pull rod is directly fixed to the sealing disc.
[0011] Furthermore, a bearing is sleeved on the transmission rod, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap by a bracket.
[0012] Furthermore, the sealing disc and the inner partition mesh achieve a dynamic seal through an O-ring, and the sealing ring achieves a dynamic seal with the outer partition mesh and the inner partition mesh through an O-ring.
[0013] Furthermore, when the sealing disc moves axially within the reaction product channel, its lower limit level is higher than the level of the top of the reaction product outlet pipe.
[0014] Furthermore, the petrochemical production reactor also includes a control module, which includes a PLC controller.
[0015] Furthermore, one end of the reactant inlet pipe extends into the inside of the inlet end cap, and a distributor is provided at the end of the reactant inlet pipe located inside the inlet end cap.
[0016] Furthermore, the sealed flow-diverting component is a cylindrical structure, including a housing, inside which several flow-diverting plates for diverting catalyst are arranged vertically and equidistantly around the central axis.
[0017] Furthermore, the catalyst feed hopper is equipped with a catalyst inlet I and a nitrogen inlet I.
[0018] Furthermore, the catalyst discharge hopper is equipped with a catalyst outlet II and a nitrogen inlet II.
[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:
[0020] This invention employs a catalyst bed height adjustment component installed in the reaction product channel to control the catalyst loading height within the catalyst bed based on the flow rates of reactants and products. By rationally controlling the catalyst loading height, sufficient contact between the reactants and catalyst can be ensured, optimizing reaction conditions and improving reaction efficiency. Furthermore, it reduces the amount of catalyst used while maintaining optimal reaction performance. Since catalysts are typically expensive, reducing catalyst usage directly lowers reactor operating costs and saves energy. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal sectional view of the structure of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the image.
[0025] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the structure of this utility model.
[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view of the pressure bracket and sealing ring of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing and diversion component of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing and diversion component of this utility model (hidden housing).
[0029] In the diagram, 1. Cylinder; 2. Inlet end cap; 3. Outlet end cap; 4. Catalyst feed bin; 5. Catalyst discharge bin; 6. Reactant inlet pipe; 7. Reaction product outlet pipe; 8. Outer partition; 9. Inner partition; 10. Reactant channel; 11. Catalyst bed; 12. Catalyst feed line; 13. Sealing and diversion component; 13-1. Shell; 13-2. Central shaft; 13-3. Diversion plate; 14. Reaction product channel; 15. Catalyst bed height adjustment assembly; 15-1. Servo motor; 15-2. Transmission rod; 15-3. Bearing 1; 15 -4. Bevel gear one; 15-5. Adjusting screw; 15-6. Bevel gear two; 15-7. Bearing two; 15-8. Lower pressure bracket; 15-8A. External push-pull rod; 18-8B. Internal push-pull rod; 15-9. Sealing disc; 15-10. Sealing ring; 16. Catalyst inlet I; 17. Nitrogen inlet I; 18. Catalyst outlet II; 19. Nitrogen inlet II; 20. Distributor; 21. Flow meter one; 22. Flow meter two; 23. Mesh fixing bracket; 23-1. Support leg; 23-2. Sleeve; 24. Multi-layer sleeve expansion joint; 25. Regulating valve. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0031] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0032] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0033] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides a petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height, which is an improvement on the existing continuous reforming reactor. The petrochemical production reactor includes a cylindrical body 1, an inlet end cap 2, an outlet end cap 3, a catalyst feed chamber 4, and a catalyst discharge chamber 5. The inlet end cap 2 is fixed to the top of the cylindrical body 1, and the outlet end cap 3 is fixed to the bottom of the cylindrical body 1. The cylindrical body 1, the inlet end cap 2, and the outlet end cap 3 form a closed reaction chamber. The catalyst feed chamber 4 is located at the top of the inlet end cap 2, and the catalyst discharge chamber 5 is located at the bottom of the outlet end cap 3.
[0034] The top of the inlet end cap 2 is provided with a reactant inlet pipe 6, the inlet end of which is connected to the reactant pipeline within the plant area; the upper part of the side wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a reaction product outlet pipe 7, the outlet end of which is connected to the reaction product pipeline within the plant area. An outer partition 8 and an inner partition 9 are provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 via a partition fixing bracket 23. The outer partition 8 is fitted around the outer periphery of the inner partition 9, and the cylinder 1, the outer partition 8, and the inner partition 9 are coaxial. A reactant channel 10 with an annular cross-section is formed between the outer partition 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. The reactant channel 10 is open at the top and sealed at the bottom; a catalyst bed 11 with an annular cross-section is formed between the outer partition 8 and the inner partition 9, and the catalyst bed 11 is used for flowing catalyst. The inner partition 9 forms a reaction product channel 14 with a circular cross-section in its internal area. The bottom of the reaction product channel 14 is sealed. The upper part of the side wall of the reaction product channel 14 is fixedly connected to the reaction product outlet pipe 7 through a pipe. This pipe passes through the inner partition 9, the outer partition 8 and the cylinder 1 in sequence.
[0035] At least three catalyst feed lines 12 are connected to the bottom of the catalyst feed hopper 4. The bottom end of each catalyst feed line 12 passes through the inlet end cap 2. The catalyst feed lines 12 and the inlet end cap 2 are fixedly connected by welding or other means, that is, the catalyst feed hopper 4 is fixed to the top of the inlet end cap 2 through the catalyst feed lines 12. The bottom of the catalyst bed 11 is fixedly connected to the catalyst discharge hopper 5 through a sealing diversion component 13.
[0036] The reactant inlet pipe 6 is equipped with a flow meter 21, and the reaction product outlet pipe 7 is equipped with a flow meter 22. The flow meter 21 and flow meter 22 can be differential pressure flow meters, turbine flow meters, or ultrasonic flow meters; naturally, other types of flow meters can also be selected as needed.
[0037] Each catalyst feed line 12 is equipped with a regulating valve 25, and the bottom end of each catalyst feed line 12 is connected to a multi-layer sleeve expansion joint 24. The other end of the multi-layer sleeve expansion joint 24 is attached to the sealing ring 15-10. Each catalyst feed line 12 is connected to the catalyst bed 11 through the multi-layer sleeve expansion joint 24. The multi-layer sleeve expansion joint 24, also known as a telescopic pipe, is generally composed of an inner pipe, an outer pipe, and a sealing device. It can also be a multi-layer nested structure, which is common in the market and can be purchased or customized according to requirements. Specific details will not be elaborated here. With this design, when the sealing ring 15-10 moves up and down along the axis, the length of the multi-layer sleeve expansion joint 24 will expand and contract accordingly, ensuring that the catalyst feed line 12 always supplies catalyst to the catalyst bed 11.
[0038] The petrochemical production reactor also includes a catalyst bed height adjustment assembly 15, which includes a servo motor 15-1, a transmission rod 15-2, an adjusting screw 15-5, a pressure bracket 15-8, a sealing disc 15-9, and a sealing ring 15-10. The servo motor 15-1 is fixed to the outside of the inlet end cap 2. The beginning end of the transmission rod 15-2 is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 15-1, and the end of the transmission rod 15-2 extends through the inlet end cap 2 into the reaction chamber. A bevel gear 15-4 is connected to the end of the transmission rod 15-2.
[0039] To prevent leakage of reactants from the internal reaction chamber, a rotary dynamic seal is used at the connection between the transmission rod 15-2 and the inlet end cap 2. Since rotary dynamic seals are common in the mechanical field, they will not be described in detail here.
[0040] In addition, a bearing 15-3 is sleeved on the transmission rod 15-2. The outer ring of the bearing 15-3 is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap 2 by a bracket (not shown in the figure). The function of the bearing 15-3 is to provide support for the transmission rod 15-2 without affecting its rotation.
[0041] The adjusting screw 15-5 is arranged along the axis of the cylinder 1, and a second bevel gear 15-6 is fitted onto it. The second bevel gear 15-6 has a through hole with internal threads along its axis, through which it is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 15-5. Simultaneously, the second bevel gear 15-6 meshes with the first bevel gear 15-4. Furthermore, the second bevel gear 15-6 is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing 15-7, and the outer ring of the second bearing 15-7 is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap 2 by a bracket (not shown in the figure). The function of the second bearing 15-7 is to ensure the fixed position of the second bevel gear 15-6 without affecting its rotation. The axis of the first bevel gear 15-4 is perpendicular to the axis of the second bevel gear 15-6.
[0042] When the servo motor 15-1 starts running, it drives the connected transmission rod 15-2 to rotate together. At this time, the bevel gear 15-4 mounted on the transmission rod 15-2 will also rotate along with the rotation of the transmission rod 15-2. When the bevel gear 15-4 rotates, it drives the meshing bevel gear 15-6 to rotate synchronously.
[0043] It should be noted that the position of the bevel gear 15-6 is relatively fixed through its engagement with the bearing 15-7. Furthermore, the bevel gear 15-6 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 15-5. Based on this structural relationship, when the servo motor 15-1 rotates forward or reverse, the movement of the adjusting screw 15-5 can be controlled, allowing the adjusting screw 15-5 to move up and down along the axis of the cylinder 1.
[0044] Furthermore, since the selected bevel gear 15-4 and bevel gear 15-6 are of fixed models, the rotation of bevel gear 15-6, which meshes with bevel gear 15-4, is fixed when servo motor 15-1 drives bevel gear 15-4 to rotate one revolution. Consequently, the axial movement distance of adjusting screw 15-5 is also fixed. Therefore, in actual operation, the movement distance of adjusting screw 15-5 can be precisely controlled by precisely controlling the number of revolutions of servo motor 15-1. This principle is similar to that of a lifting screw jack, both achieving precise adjustment of component positions through a specific transmission structure.
[0045] The sealing disc 15-9 is axially movable inside the reaction product channel 14, and the sealing disc 15-9 and the inner partition 9 achieve a dynamic seal through O-rings and other sealing elements. The sealing ring 15-10 is axially movable inside the catalyst bed 11, and the sealing ring 15-10 and the outer partition 8 and inner partition 9 achieve a dynamic seal through O-rings and other sealing elements. The function of the O-rings and other sealing elements is to prevent the reactants from entering the reaction product channel 14 without catalytic reaction by the catalyst. In addition, the thickness of the O-rings and other sealing elements is greater than the diameter of the mesh holes of the outer partition 8 and inner partition 9 to prevent the reactants from entering the reaction product channel 14 through the mesh holes without catalytic reaction by the catalyst.
[0046] The bottom end of the adjusting screw 15-5 is rotatably connected to the pressing bracket 15-8. The pressing bracket 15-8 includes several outer push-pull rods 15-8A and inner push-pull rods 18-8B, and the lengths of the outer push-pull rods 15-8A and the inner push-pull rods 18-8B are equal. The outer push-pull rods 15-8A correspond one-to-one with the legs 23-1 of the mesh fixing bracket 23. The bottom end of each outer push-pull rod 15-8A passes through the sleeve 23-2 on the corresponding leg 23-1 and is fixed to the sealing ring 15-10. The bottom end of the inner push-pull rod 18-8B is directly fixed to the sealing disc 15-9. Because the sleeve 23-2 limits the movement of the pressing bracket 15-8, the pressing bracket 15-8 can only move along the axis of the cylinder 1 and cannot rotate. Therefore, when the servo motor 15-1 works and drives the adjusting screw 15-5 to move along the axis of the cylinder 1, the adjusting screw 15-5 will drive the sealing disc 15-9 and the sealing ring 15-10 to move synchronously along the axis of the cylinder 1 with the help of the pressing bracket 15-8. The sealing disc 15-9 and the sealing ring 15-10 will always be in the same plane, thereby synchronously adjusting the available height of the reaction product channel 14 and the catalyst bed 11.
[0047] Furthermore, when the sealing disc 15-9 moves axially within the reaction product channel 14, the lower limit of its horizontal height is higher than the top horizontal height of the reaction product outlet pipe 7.
[0048] The petrochemical production reactor also includes a control module, which comprises a PLC controller and corresponding supporting circuitry. The regulating valve 25 is a solenoid valve. The PLC controller is connected to flow meter 21, flow meter 22, servo motor 15-1, and regulating valve 25, respectively. It controls the forward or reverse rotation of servo motor 15-1 and the opening / closing degree of regulating valve 25 based on the monitoring data from flow meter 21 and flow meter 22. This controls the catalyst loading height and the height of the reaction product channel 14, ensuring that each portion of catalyst participates in the catalytic reaction and avoiding waste.
[0049] In the operation and control of this device, the catalyst loading height is specifically controlled by a PLC controller. The program running the PLC controller adopts a feedback regulation method. During actual production, it comprehensively considers the changes in the flow rates of reactants and products, and adjusts the catalyst loading height within a certain range.
[0050] The flow rate of reactants is monitored by flow meter 21, and the flow rate of reaction products is monitored by flow meter 22. When the flow rate of reactants exceeds a certain set threshold (determined based on data such as the size of the reaction chamber, process requirements, type of reactants, and type of catalyst; this is an empirical value, the same below), while the flow rate of reaction products remains unchanged or falls below a certain set threshold, this likely indicates that the reaction is not proceeding sufficiently. In this case, the PLC controller will activate, controlling the servo motor 15-1 to move the sealing ring 15-10 and sealing disc 15-9 upwards, and increasing the opening degree of the regulating valve 25. This operation appropriately increases the catalyst loading height within the catalyst bed 11, providing more reaction sites and thus promoting a more complete reaction.
[0051] Conversely, if the flow rate of reactants is below a certain set threshold, while the flow rate of reaction products remains unchanged or is above a certain set threshold, this may indicate that the previous reaction was incomplete, the reaction rate was too fast, or there were side reactions. In this case, reducing the catalyst loading height via the PLC controller can ensure that the reaction proceeds in the expected direction and rate, while also avoiding catalyst waste.
[0052] The core of the above-mentioned method for controlling catalyst loading height lies in feedback regulation technology. This technology is widely used and relatively mature in the field of industrial control. Based on the technical solution described in this paper, those skilled in the art can easily implement the hardware construction and software programming of the control module. Given that this control module uses existing technology in both its technical principles and implementation methods, and lacks innovation, its specific implementation details will not be elaborated upon in this paper.
[0053] In addition, the petrochemical production reactor may also not include a control module, that is, the petrochemical production reactor adopts a manual control method. However, this control method is highly dependent on the experience of the workers and requires the cooperation of multiple skilled workers. The core idea is still feedback regulation. The workers manually control the servo motor 15-1 and the regulating valve 25 through the monitoring data of flow meter 1 21 and flow meter 22, so as to roughly control the packing height of the catalyst and keep the catalytic reaction rate within a reasonable range.
[0054] Furthermore, one end of the reactant inlet pipe 6 extends into the interior of the inlet end cap 2, and a distributor 20 is provided at the end of the reactant inlet pipe 6 located inside the inlet end cap 2. The distributor 20 is used to evenly distribute the reactant into the reactant channel 10, ensuring that the reactant passes evenly through the outer partition 8 and makes full contact with the catalyst. The distributor 20 can be a perforated plate distributor 20, a branch pipe distributor 20, or a swirl plate distributor 20.
[0055] The outer partition 8 is a cylindrical structure made of Johnson mesh. The size and arrangement of the mesh openings of the outer partition 8 need to be determined according to the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles and the reaction requirements.
[0056] The inner partition 9 is a cylindrical structure made of Johnson mesh. The size and arrangement of the mesh openings of the inner partition 9 need to be determined according to the particle size distribution of the catalyst particles and the reaction requirements.
[0057] The mesh fixing bracket 23 includes several legs 23-1, which are used to fix the inner mesh 9 and the outer mesh 8 to the inner wall of the cylinder 1. In addition, each leg 23-1 of the mesh fixing bracket 23 closest to the inlet end cap 2 is provided with a sleeve 23-2 to facilitate cooperation with the outer push rod 15-8A of the pressing bracket 15-8, so as to limit the position of the pressing bracket 15-8.
[0058] The sealed flow divider 13 is a cylindrical structure, including a housing 13-1. Inside the housing 13-1, several flow divider plates 13-3 are vertically and equidistantly arranged around a central axis 13-2 to divide the catalyst. This design is because the catalyst, after the reaction has just completed, is at a high temperature and is prone to caking. The flow divider plates 13-3 can divide the catalyst, thus avoiding the technical problem of catalyst caking affecting its recycling. Furthermore, the sealed flow divider 13 has better sealing performance than multiple catalyst pipelines or feed legs, effectively preventing gas leakage during the reaction and ensuring a stable and safe reaction environment.
[0059] The catalyst feed hopper 4 is equipped with a catalyst inlet I16 and a nitrogen inlet I17. The catalyst inlet I16 is used to replenish the catalyst into the catalyst feed hopper 4, and the nitrogen inlet I17 is used to fill the catalyst feed hopper 4 with nitrogen to create pressure, thereby preventing gaseous reactants from flowing out of the catalyst feed hopper 4.
[0060] The catalyst discharge chamber 5 is equipped with a catalyst outlet II18 and a nitrogen inlet II19. The catalyst outlet II18 is used to discharge the catalyst from the catalyst discharge chamber 5, and the nitrogen inlet II19 is used to fill the catalyst discharge chamber 5 with nitrogen to generate pressure, thereby preventing gaseous reactants from flowing out of the catalyst discharge chamber 5.
[0061] Specifically, the working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0062] The gaseous reactants enter the reactor through the reactant inlet pipe 6. Further reactants enter the reactant channel 10 through the opening at the top of the channel, and then pass through the mesh of the outer partition 8 into the catalyst bed 11. In the catalyst bed 11, the reactants react under the action of the catalyst to generate reaction products. These products then pass through the mesh of the inner partition 9 into the reaction product channel 14, and exit the reactor through the reaction product outlet pipe 7, which is fixedly connected to the reaction product channel 14. During this process, the catalyst enters the catalyst bed 11 from the catalyst discharge bin 5 through the catalyst feed line 12 and moves continuously downwards. The catalyst then exits the catalyst bed 11 and enters the catalyst collection bin through a sealed guide component. The catalyst in the collection bin then re-enters the catalyst discharge bin 5 through an external pipeline, thus achieving countercurrent catalyst transport.
[0063] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height, comprising a cylindrical body (1), an inlet end cap (2), an outlet end cap (3), a catalyst feed bin (4), and a catalyst discharge bin (5), wherein the cylindrical body (1), the inlet end cap (2), and the outlet end cap (3) form a closed reaction chamber; a reactant inlet pipe (6) is provided at the top of the inlet end cap (2), and a reaction product outlet pipe (7) is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the cylindrical body (1); an outer partition net (8) and an inner partition net (9) are provided in the inner cavity of the cylindrical body (1) through a partition net fixing bracket (23); A reactant channel (10) is formed between the outer partition (8) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1); a catalyst bed (11) is formed between the outer partition (8) and the inner partition (9); and a reaction product channel (14) is formed in the internal region of the inner partition (9). At least three catalyst feed lines (12) are connected to the bottom of the catalyst feed hopper (4), and the bottom end of the catalyst feed line (12) passes through the inlet end cap (2) and is fixed. The bottom of the catalyst bed (11) is fixedly connected to the catalyst discharge hopper (5) through a sealing diversion component (13). The catalyst bed (11) is characterized by the following features: A flow meter 1 (21) is installed on the inlet pipe (6) of the reactant material, and a flow meter 2 (22) is installed on the outlet pipe (7) of the reaction product; Each of the catalyst feed lines (12) is equipped with a regulating valve (25), and the bottom end of each of the catalyst feed lines (12) is connected to a multi-layer sleeve expansion joint (24). The other end of the multi-layer sleeve expansion joint (24) is set on the sealing ring (15-10) below. The petrochemical production reactor also includes a catalyst bed height adjustment assembly (15), which includes a servo motor (15-1), a transmission rod (15-2), an adjusting screw (15-5), a pressure bracket (15-8), a sealing disc (15-9), and a sealing ring (15-10). The servo motor (15-1) is fixed to the outside of the inlet end cap (2), and the beginning end of the transmission rod (15-2) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (15-1). The end of the moving rod (15-2) extends into the reaction chamber through the inlet end cap (2), and the end of the transmission rod (15-2) is connected to a bevel gear one (15-4); the adjusting screw (15-5) is arranged along the axis of the cylinder (1), and a bevel gear two (15-6) is fitted on it; the bevel gear two (15-6) is provided with a through hole with internal thread along the axis, and is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (15-5) through the through hole; the bevel gear two (15-6) and the bevel gear one (15-4) are connected to each other. -4) They mesh with each other; the inner ring of the second bevel gear (15-6) is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing (15-7), and the outer ring of the second bearing (15-7) is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap (2) by a bracket; the sealing disc (15-9) is axially movable inside the reaction product channel (14), and the sealing ring (15-10) is axially movable inside the catalyst bed (11); the bottom end of the adjusting screw (15-5) is rotatably connected to the lowering bracket (15-8), and the... The pressure bracket (15-8) includes several external push-pull rods (15-8A) and internal push-pull rods (18-8B). The external push-pull rods (15-8A) correspond one-to-one with the legs (23-1) of the mesh fixing bracket (23). The bottom end of each external push-pull rod (15-8A) passes through the sleeve (23-2) on the corresponding leg (23-1) and is fixed on the sealing ring (15-10). The bottom end of the internal push-pull rod (18-8B) is directly fixed on the sealing plate (15-9).
2. The petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission rod (15-2) is fitted with a bearing (15-3), and the outer ring of the bearing (15-3) is fixed to the inner wall of the inlet end cap (2) by a bracket.
3. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing disc (15-9) and the inner partition (9) achieve dynamic sealing through O-rings, and the sealing ring (15-10) and the outer partition (8) and inner partition (9) achieve dynamic sealing through O-rings.
4. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the sealing disc (15-9) moves axially within the reaction product channel (14), the lower limit of its height is higher than the top of the reaction product outlet pipe (7).
5. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The petrochemical production reactor also includes a control module, which includes a PLC controller.
6. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the reactant inlet pipe (6) extends into the inside of the inlet end cap (2), and a distributor (20) is provided at the end of the reactant inlet pipe (6) located inside the inlet end cap (2).
7. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed flow divider (13) is a cylindrical structure, including a housing (13-1). Inside the housing (13-1), several flow divider plates (13-3) for dividing the catalyst are arranged vertically and equidistantly around the central axis (13-2).
8. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst feed hopper (4) is equipped with a catalyst inlet I (16) and a nitrogen inlet I (17).
9. A petrochemical production reactor with adjustable catalyst loading height according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst discharge hopper (5) is equipped with a catalyst outlet II (18) and a nitrogen inlet II (19).