Double-crank connecting rod type transplanting mechanism for transplanter

Abstract

The utility model relates to a double-crank connecting rod type transplanting mechanism for a transplanter, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The mechanism comprises a power input assembly, a compensation limiting assembly, a double-crank connecting rod set, a duckbilled planting assembly and a duckbilled opening and closing assembly. The power input assembly is connected with the main machine frame through a hexagonal driving shaft to provide power. The compensation limiting assembly is installed on the back face of a power input assembly bottom plate and connected with the double-crank connecting rod set through bolts, and it is ensured that the motion trail is stable. The double-crank connecting rod group is connected with a rotating cam pull rod to realize power transmission and connecting rod swinging control; the duckbilled planting assembly is installed at one end of the connecting rod set and used for clamping seedlings and accurately planting the seedlings into soil. The duckbilled opening and closing assembly achieves duckbilled opening and closing through tension adjustment of a stay wire. The mechanism is compact in structure, simple in manufacturing process, easy to maintain and operate and capable of ensuring that the seedling planting posture is stable, and the planting survival rate and yield of crops such as salvia miltiorrhiza are effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an automatic transplanting machine for the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the mechanization and intelligence of modern agriculture, transplanters, as important equipment for achieving efficient and precise transplanting of seedlings, have been widely used in agricultural production. However, existing transplanting mechanisms generally suffer from problems such as unstable seedling planting posture, inaccurate adjustment of planting depth, and complex structure. These defects directly affect the root growth and survival rate of seedlings, thereby restricting the increase of crop yield.

[0003] Currently, most traditional transplanting mechanisms employ simple mechanical transmission structures. During operation, vibration, impact, and mechanical transmission errors can easily lead to seedlings being inserted into the soil at an angle or inaccurately, sometimes even damaging the seedlings. Furthermore, traditional techniques have limited control over planting depth, failing to adapt to variations in soil hardness, moisture, and crop requirements, resulting in inconsistent planting depths that negatively impact subsequent growth and nutrient absorption. Meanwhile, while some high-precision transplanting mechanisms utilize complex multi-stage transmission and automatic control systems, their complex structures, high costs, and difficult maintenance and debugging make them unsuitable for the economic requirements of large-scale agricultural production.

[0004] For example, reference CN105594355A discloses a transplanting mechanism, which improves the control of planting depth to some extent, but still has defects such as complex mechanism, difficult debugging and insufficient motion stability, and cannot meet the high requirements for the stability of seedling planting posture.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of transplanting mechanism that is simple in structure, flexible in operation, and capable of precise control over the seedling planting process. This mechanism should ensure the stability of the seedling's posture during transplanting, preventing root damage due to tilting, and also achieve fine control over the planting depth to adapt to various soil conditions and planting needs. To solve the above technical problems, this utility model proposes a double-crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for transplanting machines. Through the synergistic effect of the double-crank connecting rod structure and the compensation limiting component, it effectively eliminates the motion trajectory deviation caused by insufficient rigidity in existing technologies, ensuring that the seedling maintains the predetermined planting depth and correct posture when pressed down and inserted into the soil, thereby significantly improving seedling survival rate and crop yield. At the same time, this technical solution has a compact structure, simple manufacturing process, and is easy to debug and maintain on-site, making it highly valuable for widespread application. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a transplanting mechanism for a transplanter that can adapt to different soil conditions and planting requirements, and solve the problem of unstable planting posture in existing transplanting mechanisms.

[0007] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a double-crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for a transplanter, comprising a power input component, a compensation limiting component, a double-crank connecting rod assembly, a duckbill planting component, and a duckbill opening and closing component; the power input component is powered by a hexagonal drive shaft, and is fixedly connected to the square tube of the main frame via a square tube fitting method; the compensation limiting component is installed on the lower back of the power input component base plate by three shafts; the left end of the double-crank connecting rod assembly is connected to the L-plate of the power compensation limiting component by bolts to ensure stable motion trajectory; the middle part of the upper connecting rod of the double-crank connecting rod assembly is connected to the lower end of the rotating cam pull rod to realize power transmission and connecting rod swing control; the duckbill planting component is installed at the end of the double-crank connecting rod assembly away from the compensation limiting component; and the duckbill opening and closing component is installed on the upper back of the base plate.

[0008] Preferably, the power input component receives power from the transmission system and transmits it to the double crank connecting rod assembly to drive the planting component for planting. The power input component includes a square tube, a base plate, a rear base plate, an outer sleeve, a gear transmission device, a cam, a tie rod, and a camshaft. The gear transmission device is mounted on the front of the base plate. The side of the base plate without the gear transmission device is welded to the rear support plate via the outer sleeve. Power is transmitted from the front of the base plate through the gear transmission device. The cam is connected to the drive gear in the gear transmission device via a shaft and rotates in the same direction as the gear. The cam is mounted on the back of the base plate via a camshaft, and the tie rod is mounted on the outside of the cam via a camshaft.

[0009] Preferably, the gear transmission device includes a main gear, a transmission gear 1, a transmission gear 2, a drive transmission gear, and a compensating transmission gear.

[0010] Preferably, the compensation limiting component is used to adjust the movement trajectory of the planting component to ensure accuracy and stability during the planting process. The compensation limiting component includes a compensation drive shaft, a compensation active connecting rod, an upper compensation connecting rod, an upper compensation connecting rod shaft, a lower compensation connecting rod, a lower compensation connecting rod shaft, and an L-shaped plate. The upper ends of the compensation active connecting rod, the upper compensation connecting rod, and the lower compensation connecting rod are respectively mounted to the back of the power input component base plate via the compensation drive shaft, the upper compensation connecting rod shaft, and the lower compensation connecting rod shaft. The lower ends of the compensation active connecting rod, the upper compensation connecting rod, and the lower compensation connecting rod are respectively connected to the corresponding mounting holes on the L-shaped plate via bolts. The compensation limiting component transmits power via the compensation drive shaft, and the power transmitted by the compensation drive shaft is in the opposite direction to the rotation of the cam in the power input component.

[0011] Preferably, the double-crank connecting rod assembly is used to control the up-and-down movement of the duckbill planting component, thereby realizing the planting action. The double-crank connecting rod assembly includes an upper crank connecting rod, a lower crank connecting rod, a crank connecting rod connecting plate, a duckbill planting component connecting side plate, and a duckbill planting component connecting upper plate. The lower ends of the upper and lower crank connecting rods are connected to the L-shaped plate of the compensation limiting component by bolts, allowing the upper double-crank connecting rod to swing left and right. The upper ends of the upper and lower crank connecting rods are connected to the crank connecting rod connecting plate by bolts. There are two crank connecting plates, spaced 35mm apart. The duckbill planting component connecting side plate is symmetrically welded to the crank connecting rod connecting plate, and the duckbill planting component connecting side plate is symmetrically welded to the duckbill planting component connecting upper plate. The upper end of the lower crank connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the pull rod in the compensation limiting component by a hinge.

[0012] Preferably, the duckbill planting assembly is used to hold the seedling and plant it in the soil. The device includes two openable and closable duckbills with an opening angle set at 60°, which can effectively hold the seedling and plant it in the soil. The opening and closing action of the duckbills is controlled by the duckbill opening and closing assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the duckbill opening and closing assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the duckbill planting assembly. It includes an opening and closing plate, an opening and closing mounting shaft, a bearing shaft, a sliding bearing, a pull wire fixing shaft, and a pull wire. The opening and closing mounting shaft is located at the lower end of the opening and closing plate, the pull wire fixing shaft is located at the upper end of the opening and closing plate, the bearing shaft is located at the middle end of the opening and closing plate, and the sliding bearing is mounted on the opening and closing plate via the bearing shaft. The duckbill opening and closing assembly adjusts the tension of the pull wire to achieve the opening and closing of the duckbill, thereby realizing the planting of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* seedlings.

[0014] Preferably, the "double crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for a transplanter" drives the double crank connecting rod assembly to swing through the rotation of the cam, and through the action of the compensation and limiting component, enables the duckbill planting component to complete an accurate and appropriate transplanting action.

[0015] Preferably, the power input assembly is used to receive power from the transmission system and transmit it to the double crank connecting rod assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the duckbill planting component is used to hold the seedling and plant it in the soil, with an opening angle of 60°.

[0017] Preferably, the compensation limiting component is used to adjust the movement trajectory of the planting component, compensate for the walking offset distance during the transplanter's movement, and ensure the stability of the seedling posture during the planting process. This transplanting mechanism is suitable for crops that require transplanting, including the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza. Beneficial effects

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects.

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a double crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for transplanting machines. Based on the characteristics of Salvia miltiorrhiza plants, the length of the double crank connecting rod group of the transplanting mechanism has been redesigned. The vertical stroke of the transplanting mechanism can reach about 320mm. At the same time, a transplanting compensation limit component is designed to make the seedling planting posture more stable.

[0020] 2. The double crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for transplanting machines provided by this utility model has a more compact structure and is easier to maintain and operate compared with existing transplanting mechanisms.

[0021] 3. The double crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for transplanting machines provided by this utility model is not only suitable for transplanting Chinese medicinal herbs such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, but can also be widely applied to other crops that need to be planted. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view of the power input component of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of the power input component of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the double crank connecting rod assembly structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the duckbill planting component structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the duckbill opening and closing component of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation and limiting component structure of this utility model.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Power Input Assembly: 1-1. Square Tube; 1-2. Base Plate; 1-3. Main Gear; 1-4. Transmission Gear 1; 1-5. Transmission Gear 2; 1-6. Drive Transmission Gear; 1-7. Compensating Transmission Gear; 1-8. Outer Sleeve; 1-9. Rear Base Plate; 1-10. Cam; 1-11. Tie Rod; 1-12. Camshaft; 2. Compensating Limit Assembly: 2-1. Compensating Transmission Shaft; 2-2. Compensating Drive Linkage; 2-3. Compensating Upper Linkage Shaft; 2-4. Compensating Upper Linkage; 2-5. Compensating Lower Linkage Shaft; 2-6. Compensating Lower Linkage; 2-7. L 3. Double crank connecting rod assembly; 3-1. Upper crank connecting rod; 3-2. Lower crank connecting rod; 3-3. Crank connecting rod connecting plate; 3-4. Duckbill planting component connecting side plate; 3-5. Duckbill planting component connecting upper plate; 4. Duckbill planting component; 4-1. Duckbill; 4-2. Duckbill fixing device; 4-3. Pull line rod; 5. Duckbill opening and closing assembly; 5-1. Opening and closing plate; 5-2. Opening and closing mounting shaft; 5-3. Bearing shaft; 5-4. Sliding bearing; 5-5. Pull line fixing shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore merely examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Figure 1-7 The present invention will be described in further detail below. Example 1

[0032] This utility model discloses a double-crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for a transplanter, referring to... Figure 1 , 2 Units 1, 2, and 4 include a power input assembly, a compensation limiting assembly, a double crank connecting rod assembly, a duckbill planting assembly, and a duckbill opening and closing assembly. The power input assembly 1 receives power input via a hexagonal drive shaft and is fixed to the main frame square tube via a square tube fitting. The compensation limiting assembly 2 consists of a compensation active connecting rod 2-2, a compensation upper connecting rod 2-4, a compensation lower connecting rod 2-6, an L-shaped plate 2-7, and a matching shaft system. It is connected to the lower back of the power input assembly 1 base plate via three shafts (compensation transmission shaft 2-1, compensation upper connecting rod shaft 2-3, and compensation lower connecting rod shaft 2-5). The left end of the double crank connecting rod assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped plate 2-7 of the compensation limiting assembly 2 via bolts, and the right end is fitted with the duckbill planting assembly 4. The duckbill opening and closing assembly 5 is installed on the upper back of the base plate via a bearing shaft 5-3 and controls the duckbill opening and closing action via a pull cable.

[0033] The power input assembly 1 includes a square tube, a base plate, a rear base plate 1-9, an outer sleeve 1-8, a gear transmission device, a cam 1-10, a tie rod 1-11, and a camshaft 1-12. The gear transmission device, including a main gear, a transmission gear, a drive gear, a driving gear, and a compensating gear, is mounted on the front of the base plate. Each gear transmits power through shaft meshing. The cam 1-10 is coaxially connected to the drive gear via the camshaft 1-12 and rotates synchronously with the gear. The tie rod 1-11 is hinged to the outside of the cam 1-10 via a pin, used to convert rotational motion into reciprocating oscillation.

[0034] The compensation limiting component 2 receives power from the compensation transmission gear via the compensation transmission shaft 2-1, and its rotation direction is opposite to that of the cam 1-10. The upper end of the compensation active connecting rod 2-2 is hinged to the compensation transmission shaft 2-1, and the lower end is connected to the L-shaped plate 2-7 by bolts; the compensation upper connecting rod 2-4 and the compensation lower connecting rod 2-6 are respectively hinged to the base plate via the compensation upper connecting rod shaft 2-3 and the compensation lower connecting rod shaft 2-5, and are linked to the L-shaped plate 2-7 by bolts 2-6. This component, through the coordinated movement of multiple links, adjusts the swing amplitude of the double crank connecting rod group in real time to counteract the offset during the transplanter's movement, ensuring the stability of the planting trajectory.

[0035] The double crank connecting rod assembly 3 consists of an upper crank connecting rod 3-1, a lower crank connecting rod 3-2, a crank connecting rod connecting plate 3-3, a duckbill planting component connecting side plate 3-4, and a duckbill planting component connecting upper plate 3-5. The lower ends of the upper crank connecting rod 3-1 and the lower crank connecting rod 3-2 are hinged to the L-shaped plate 2-7, and their upper ends are fixed to the crank connecting rod connecting plate 3-3 by bolts. The two crank connecting rod connecting plates 3-3 are arranged parallel to each other with a 35mm interval. The duckbill planting component connecting side plate 3-4 is symmetrically welded to both sides of the connecting plate 3-3, and the duckbill planting component connecting upper plate 3-5 is vertically welded to the top of the side plate 3-4, forming a rigid support structure. The middle part of the lower crank connecting rod 3-2 is hinged to the lower end of the pull rod 1-11 via a pin, converting the rotational motion of the cam 1-10 into the vertical reciprocating motion of the duckbill planting component 4.

[0036] The duckbill planting assembly 4 includes a pair of openable and closable duckbills 4-1, with an opening angle set at 60°. The duckbills 4-1 are controlled by a duckbill opening and closing assembly 5, which includes an opening and closing plate 5-1, an opening and closing mounting shaft 5-2, a bearing shaft 5-3, a sliding bearing 5-4, a pull wire fixing shaft 5-5, and a pull wire 5-6. The opening and closing mounting shaft 5-2 is fixed to the lower end of the opening and closing plate 5-1, the pull wire fixing shaft 5-5 is located at the upper end of the opening and closing plate 5-1, and the sliding bearing 5-4 is mounted in the middle of the opening and closing plate 5-1 via the bearing shaft 5-3. One end of the pull wire 5-6 is fixed to the pull wire fixing shaft 5-5, and the other end is connected to an external drive mechanism; by adjusting the tension of the pull wire 5-6, the opening and closing plate 5-1 is rotated around the bearing shaft 5-3, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the duckbills 4-1.

[0037] A double-crank connecting rod transplanting mechanism for transplanters: Transplanting steps:

[0038] Power is input via a hexagonal drive shaft and transmitted to cam 1-10 and compensating transmission gear via a gear transmission device. Cam 1-10 drives pull rod 1-11 to swing, causing double crank connecting rod assembly 3 to move up and down; simultaneously, the compensating transmission gear drives compensating limit assembly 2 to adjust the displacement of L-shaped plate 2-7, compensating for the deviation during the transplanter's movement. The duckbill planting assembly 4, driven by double crank connecting rod assembly 3, vertically enters the soil. The duckbill 4-1, controlled by pull wire 5-6, opens 60° at the moment of entry, and closes and resets after releasing the seedling. During this process, the compensating limit assembly ensures that the planting trajectory is perpendicular to the ground, preventing seedling tilting and improving uprightness.

Claims

1. A double-crank link-type transplanting mechanism for a transplanting machine, characterized by comprising: include: Power input assembly (1), compensation limit assembly (2), double crank connecting rod assembly (3), duckbill planting assembly (4), duckbill opening and closing assembly (5). The power input component (1) is powered by a hexagonal drive shaft and is fixedly connected to the square tube of the main frame through a square tube fitting method; the compensation limiting component (2) is installed on the lower back of the base plate of the power input component (1) through three shafts; the left end of the double crank connecting rod assembly (3) is connected to the L-shaped plate (2-7) of the compensation limiting component (2) by bolts to ensure stable motion trajectory, and the middle part of the upper crank connecting rod (3-1) of the double crank connecting rod assembly (3) is connected to the lower end of the rotating cam pull rod (1-11) to realize power transmission and connecting rod swing control; the duckbill planting component (4) is installed at the end of the double crank connecting rod assembly (3) away from the compensation limiting component (2) for clamping the seedling and planting it into the soil; the duckbill opening and closing component (5) is installed on the upper back of the base plate and the opening and closing of the duckbill planting component (4) is controlled by adjusting the tension of the pull line (5-6).

2. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The power input assembly (1) includes: a square tube, a base plate, a gear transmission device, an outer sleeve (1-8), a rear base plate (1-9), a cam (1-10), a tie rod (1-11), and a camshaft (1-12). The base plate is provided with a gear transmission device on the front side, and the side of the base plate without the gear transmission device is welded to the rear base plate (1-9) through the outer sleeve (1-8); the cam (1-10) is connected to the active transmission gear through the camshaft (1-12) and installed on the back of the base plate; the pull rod (1-11) is installed on the outside of the cam (1-10) through the camshaft (1-12) and is hinged to the middle of the crank connecting rod (3-1) on the double crank connecting rod assembly (3).

3. The transplanting mechanism of claim 2, wherein The gear transmission device includes a main gear (1-3), a transmission gear 1 (1-4), a transmission gear 2 (1-5), a drive transmission gear (1-6), and a compensation transmission gear (1-7).

4. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The compensation limiting component (2) is used to adjust the movement trajectory of the planting component to ensure the accuracy and stability during the planting process. The compensation limiting component (2) includes: a compensation transmission shaft (2-1); a compensation active connecting rod (2-2); a compensation upper connecting rod shaft (2-3); a compensation upper connecting rod (2-4); a compensation lower connecting rod shaft (2-5); a compensation lower connecting rod (2-6); and an L-shaped plate (2-7). The upper ends of the compensating active link (2-2), the compensating upper link (2-4), and the compensating lower link (2-6) are respectively mounted on the back of the power input assembly base plate via the compensating transmission shaft (2-1), the compensating upper link shaft (2-3), and the compensating lower link shaft (2-5); the lower ends of the compensating active link (2-2), the compensating upper link (2-4), and the compensating lower link (2-6) are respectively connected to the corresponding mounting holes on the L-shaped plate (2-7) via bolts; the power transmitted by the compensating transmission shaft (2-1) is opposite to the rotation direction of the cam (1-10) in the power input assembly (1).

5. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The double crank connecting rod assembly (3) is used to control the up and down movement of the duckbill planting assembly (4), and includes: an upper crank connecting rod (3-1) and a lower crank connecting rod (3-2); a crank connecting rod connecting plate (3-3); a duckbill planting assembly connecting side plate (3-4) and a duckbill planting assembly connecting upper plate (3-5). The lower ends of the upper crank connecting rod (3-1) and the lower crank connecting rod (3-2) are connected to the L-shaped plate (2-7) of the compensation limiting assembly (2) by bolts, so that the upper crank connecting rod can swing left and right; the upper ends of the upper crank connecting rod (3-1) and the lower crank connecting rod (3-2) are fixedly connected to the two-piece crank connecting rod connecting plate (3-3) with a spacing of 35 mm by bolts; the duckbill planting assembly connecting side plate (3-4) is symmetrically welded to the crank connecting rod connecting plate (3-3) and symmetrically welded to the duckbill planting assembly connecting upper plate (3-5); the upper end of the lower crank connecting rod (3-2) is connected to the lower end of the pull rod (1-11) in the compensation limiting assembly (2) by hinge.

6. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The duckbill planting component (4) includes two openable duckbills (4-1), the opening angle of which is set to 60°, for holding the seedling and planting it into the soil, and its opening and closing action is controlled by the duckbill opening and closing component (5).

7. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The duckbill opening and closing assembly (5) includes: an opening and closing plate (5-1), an opening and closing mounting shaft (5-2), a bearing shaft (5-3), a sliding bearing (5-4), a pull wire fixing shaft (5-5), and a pull wire (5-6); The opening and closing mounting shaft (5-2) is located at the lower end of the opening and closing plate (5-1), the pull line fixing shaft (5-5) is located at the upper end of the opening and closing plate (5-1), and the bearing shaft (5-3) is located at the middle end of the opening and closing plate (5-1) and fixed to the opening and closing plate (5-1) by a sliding bearing (5-4); the pull line (5-6) is used to adjust the opening and closing of the duck beak to achieve the clamping and release of the seedlings.

8. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein The double crank connecting rod assembly achieves a vertical stroke of 320 mm during operation to meet the requirements of seedling planting.

9. The transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein This transplanting mechanism is suitable for crops that require transplanting, including the Chinese medicinal herb Danshen.

Images