Efficient sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone. The high-efficiency sand making machine comprises a feed port, a centrifugal rotor, a material collecting and distributing rotary table, a plate hammer rotor, a discharge port and a driving component, wherein the feed port is positioned at the top of a shell; the centrifugal rotor, the material collecting and distributing rotary table and the plate hammer rotor are positioned in the shell and are sequentially connected with a driving shaft from top to bottom; the centrifugal rotor is used for casting and impacting quartz sandstone entering from the feeding hole on the shell under the action of rotation and centrifugal force, so that primary crushing and shaping are realized; the material collecting and distributing rotary table is used for collecting the primarily crushed materials generated by the centrifugal rotor and screening the primarily crushed materials, so that larger particles slide to the plate hammer rotor along the edge of the screen, and smaller particles penetrate through the screen and fall into the discharge port; and the plate hammer rotor is used for beating and crushing large particles sliding from the edge of the screen under the action of rotary hammering. According to the utility model, efficient and environment-friendly processing of quartz sandstone is realized, the investment cost is saved, the utilization efficiency of equipment and the fracturing sand yield of unit sandstone are improved, and the production capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ore crushing and processing machinery technology, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone. Background Technology

[0002] In existing sand making machinery technology, vertical shaft impact crushers (also known as vertical shaft crushers) are generally used to crush lumpy ores into sand. Vertical shaft impact crushers use the rotation of a rotor within the crushing chamber to rapidly eject lumpy ores through a flow channel, achieving impact and grinding actions on the ores, thereby completing the crushing and shaping of the lumpy ores. The sand produced by existing sand making equipment exhibits a "large at both ends and small in the middle" particle size distribution, usually requiring the addition of a grinding mill or a vertical shaft impact crusher for secondary crushing of coarse particles to adjust the sand particle size distribution.

[0003] Quartz sandstone is a consolidated sandy rock composed of quartz particles and siliceous cement. When properly crushed, it produces particles with good roundness and sorting properties. However, using existing vertical shaft impact crushers (VHSCs) with circulating crushing or VHSCs combined with grinding mills not only increases the complexity of the production process and raises costs, but also reduces the overall yield per unit of ore, resulting in a large amount of unusable powder. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone. This sand making machine employs the principles of impact crushing, gravity, and centrifugal force, comprehensively considering the energy release law of crushing, enabling efficient and low-cost production of fracturing sand from quartz sandstone. The high-speed centrifugal rotor provides kinetic energy for the initial crushing and shaping of quartz sandstone blocks. Larger rock particles are then separated by a material distribution disc, followed by hammer crushing by a hammer rotor. The entire processing is completed in one pass, achieving a sand yield of over 50%. This overcomes the problem of low single-pass sand yield (generally below 15%) in traditional vertical shaft impact crushers, improving equipment production efficiency, significantly reducing operating costs, and achieving energy-saving and environmentally friendly effects.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone includes a feed inlet at the top of the shell, a centrifugal rotor, a material distribution turntable, and a hammer rotor connected to the drive shaft from top to bottom inside the shell, a discharge outlet at the bottom of the shell, and a drive assembly that drives the drive shaft to rotate; the centrifugal rotor is used to propel the quartz sandstone entering from the feed inlet onto the shell through rotation and centrifugal force, thereby achieving the initial crushing and shaping of the quartz sandstone blocks; the material distribution turntable is used to collect the initial crushed material generated by the centrifugal rotor and screen the initial crushed material, so that larger particles slide down along the edge of the screen to the hammer rotor, while smaller particles pass through the screen and fall into the discharge outlet; the hammer rotor is used to crush the large particles that slide down from the edge of the screen by rotating hammering action.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably, the centrifugal rotor is a cylindrical cavity structure, including a distributing disc, a throwing column, a guide plate, and a wear-resistant plate. The distributing disc is a frustum-shaped structure and is connected to the wear-resistant plate. The guide plate is located between the distributing disc and the throwing column, and is in an 'L' shape, connected to the throwing column and the wear-resistant plate. The throwing column is cylindrical and located on the outer circumference of the wear-resistant plate, connected to the guide plate and the wear-resistant plate. The wear-resistant plate is located at the upper and lower end faces of the centrifugal rotor.

[0007] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the diameter ratio of the upper frustum to the lower frustum of the distributing disc is 1:2.5, and the height of the distributing disc is 1 / 4 of the height of the centrifugal rotor.

[0008] In the above technical solution, preferably, the material collecting and distributing turntable includes an upper material collecting plate, a lower material distributing screen plate, a mother frame, and ribs. The upper material collecting plate is a bottomless bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing upwards, and the diameter of the bowl opening is larger than the outer diameter of the centrifugal crushing chamber corresponding to the centrifugal rotor. The lower material distributing screen plate is a bottomed bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing downwards, including a screen and a screen platform, with the screen located on the periphery of the screen platform. The mother frame is a hollow cylinder, connected to the drive shaft, and the ribs are installed on the outer circumferential surface of the mother frame. The upper material collecting plate and the lower material distributing screen plate are connected to the ribs by bolts.

[0009] In the above technical solution, it is further preferred that the outer diameter of the screen platform is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the upper collection tray, and the outer diameter of the screen mesh is smaller than the diameter of the upper collection tray and corresponds to the rotational impact zone of the hammer rotor.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, the hammer rotor includes a female sleeve, a hammer rib, and a hammer plate. The female sleeve is a hollow cylinder and is connected to the drive shaft. The hammer rib is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the female sleeve. The hammer plate is a solid cuboid metal structure and is connected to the hammer rib by hammer bolts.

[0011] In the above technical solution, a further preferred embodiment is that the hammer ribs are spatially staggered in three layers.

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, the drive shaft is supported by an upper support assembly and a lower support assembly. The upper support assembly includes an upper support frame and an upper bearing, and the lower support assembly includes a lower support frame and a lower bearing. The upper part of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the upper support frame through the upper bearing, and the upper support frame is connected to the housing. The lower part of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the lower support frame through the lower bearing, and the lower support frame is connected to the housing.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the drive assembly includes a belt assembly and a drive motor, the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft through the belt assembly, and the drive motor is located on one side of the housing.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the high-efficiency sand making machine also includes a support body, and the shell is installed on the ground through the support body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention integrates synchronously operating components such as a centrifugal rotor, a material distribution turntable, and a hammer rotor. Based on the principle of collision and crushing energy release, the mechanical energy of the centrifugal rotor is converted into the kinetic energy of the quartz sandstone, achieving initial crushing and shaping of the sandstone. Then, using gravity, the initially crushed sandstone is collected and screened, allowing particles close to the target size to be directly discharged, while larger particles are thrown into the rotating impact zone of the hammer rotor under centrifugal force for secondary crushing. The entire processing is completed in one step, achieving targeted crushing and effectively avoiding over-crushing. This invention enables efficient and environmentally friendly processing of quartz sandstone, saving equipment investment costs, improving equipment utilization efficiency and the yield of fracturing sand per unit of sandstone (sand yield exceeding 50%). It solves the problem of very low single-pass sand yield (generally below 15%) in traditional vertical shaft impact crushers, improving equipment production efficiency, significantly reducing operating costs, and achieving energy-saving and environmental protection effects. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone, provided in the embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal rotor provided in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution turntable provided in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer rotor provided in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the housing structure provided in the embodiment.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Feed inlet; 2. Centrifugal rotor; 21. Distribution plate; 22. Throwing column; 23. Guide plate; 24. Wear-resistant plate; 3. Distribution turntable; 31. Upper distribution plate; 32. Lower distribution screen; 321. Screen; 322. Screen platform; 33. Mother frame; 34. Rib; 35. Bolt; 4. Hammer rotor; 41. Mother sleeve; 42. Hammer bolt; 43. Hammer plate; 44. Hammer rib; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Upper bearing; 7. Lower bearing; 8. Discharge port; 9. Shell; 91. Centrifugal crushing chamber; 92. Distribution chamber; 93. Hammer crushing chamber; 10. Belt assembly; 11. Support body; 12. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To further understand the invention content, features, and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 5As shown, the high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone provided in this embodiment includes a feed inlet 1 at the top of the shell 9, a centrifugal rotor 2, a material distribution turntable 3, and a hammer rotor 4 connected sequentially from top to bottom to the drive shaft 5 inside the shell 9, a discharge outlet 8 at the bottom of the shell 9, and a drive assembly that drives the drive shaft 5 to rotate. The centrifugal rotor 2, the material distribution turntable 3, and the hammer rotor 4 generate rotational motion under the action of the drive shaft 5. The centrifugal rotor 2 is used to propel the quartz sandstone entering from the feed inlet 1 onto the shell 9 through rotation and centrifugal force, thereby achieving the initial crushing and shaping of the quartz sandstone blocks. The material distribution turntable 3 is used to collect the initial crushed material generated by the centrifugal rotor 2 and screen the initial crushed material, so that larger particles slide down along the edge of the screen 321 to the hammer rotor 3 for further crushing, while smaller particles pass through the screen 321 and fall into the discharge outlet 8. The hammer rotor 4 is used to crush the large particles that slide down from the edge of the screen by rotating hammering.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the centrifugal rotor 2 has a cylindrical cavity structure, including a distribution plate 21, a throwing column 22, a guide plate 23, and a wear-resistant plate 24. The distribution plate 21 is a frustum-shaped structure, and is connected to the wear-resistant plate 24 by welding. The diameter ratio of the upper frustum to the lower frustum of the distribution plate 21 is 1:2.5, and the height of the distribution plate 21 is 1 / 4 of the height of the centrifugal rotor. The guide plate 23 is located between the distribution plate 21 and the throwing column 22, and is 'L'-shaped. The guide plate 23 is connected to the throwing column 22 and the wear-resistant plate 24 by welding. The throwing column 22 is cylindrical and located on the outer circumference of the wear-resistant plate 24. The throwing column 22 is connected to the guide plate 23 and the wear-resistant plate 24 by welding. The wear-resistant plate 24 is located on the upper and lower end faces of the centrifugal rotor 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the outer dimensions of the centrifugal rotor 2 are 80cm in diameter and 16cm in height. The specific dimensions of the distribution plate 21 are determined according to the size of the centrifugal rotor 2. The diameter of the upper frustum of the distribution plate is 10cm, and the diameter of the lower frustum is 25cm. The material of the distribution plate 21 is preferably low-carbon multi-alloy steel. There are four guide plates 23, and the material is preferably wear-resistant chromium cast iron. There are four throwing columns 22, and the material is preferably wear-resistant material from the high-manganese alloy steel series. The wear-resistant plate 24 is a relatively thick circular plate, and the material is preferably wear-resistant material from the high-manganese alloy steel series.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the material collection and distribution turntable 3 includes an upper material collection disc 31, a lower material distribution screen disc 32, a mother frame 33, ribs 34, and bolts 35. The upper material collection disc 31 is a bottomless bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing upwards. The diameter of the bowl opening of the upper material collection disc 31 is larger than the outer diameter of the centrifugal crushing chamber corresponding to the centrifugal rotor 2. The lower material distribution screen disc 32 is a bottomed bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing downwards. The lower material distribution screen disc 32 includes a screen 321 and a screen platform 322. The screen 321 is located around the screen platform 322. The outer diameter of the screen platform 322 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the upper material collection disc 31, ensuring that particles close to the target size can directly pass through the screen and be discharged. The outer diameter of the screen 321 (i.e., the bowl opening diameter) is smaller than the bowl opening diameter of the upper material collection disc and corresponds to the rotational impact zone of the hammer rotor, ensuring that particles larger than the target size are thrown into the rotational impact zone of the hammer rotor under centrifugal force. The mother frame 33 is a hollow cylinder and is connected to the drive shaft 5. Rib 34 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of mother frame 33, and the upper collecting plate 31 and the lower distributing screen plate 32 are connected to rib 34 by bolts 35.

[0030] In this embodiment, the diameter of the upper collecting pan 31 is 4 cm larger than the outer diameter of the centrifugal crushing chamber corresponding to the centrifugal rotor 2. The upper collecting pan 31 is preferably made of wear-resistant chromium cast iron. The lower distributing screen 32 is preferably made of wear-resistant chromium cast iron. The mesh diameter of the screen 321 is determined according to production needs. If 70-140 mesh fracturing sand needs to be produced, the mesh diameter should preferably be 40 mesh. The outer diameter of the screen 321 is 30 cm smaller than the diameter of the upper collecting pan, and the outer diameter of the screen platform 322 is 30 cm smaller than the bottom diameter of the upper collecting pan 31. The screen 321 and the screen platform 322 are connected by welding. The rib 34 is welded to the mother frame 33.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the hammer rotor 4 includes a female sleeve 41, hammer bolts 42, hammer plates 43, and hammer ribs 44. The female sleeve 41 is a hollow cylinder and is connected to the drive shaft 5; the hammer ribs 44 are installed on the outer circumferential surface of the female sleeve 41 and are arranged in three staggered layers; the hammer plates 43 are solid cuboid metal structures and are connected to the hammer ribs 44 by the hammer bolts 42.

[0032] In this embodiment, the hammer rib 44 is welded to the female sleeve 41. The hammer plate 43 has dimensions of 10cm in length × 6cm in width × 3cm in thickness, and the material of the hammer plate 43 should preferably be a wear-resistant material from the high-manganese alloy steel series.

[0033] In this embodiment, the shell 9 is a cavity structure for crushing operations, including a centrifugal crushing chamber 91, a material collection and distribution chamber 92, and a hammer crushing chamber 93, which correspond to the centrifugal rotor, the material collection and distribution turntable, and the hammer rotor, respectively.

[0034] Specifically, the centrifugal crushing chamber 91 corresponds to the working area of ​​the centrifugal rotor 2, and its size is determined based on the centrifugal rotor 2. The material collection and distribution chamber 92 corresponds to the working area of ​​the material collection and distribution turntable 3, and its size is determined based on the material collection and distribution turntable 3. The hammer crushing chamber 93 corresponds to the working area of ​​the hammer rotor 4, and its size is determined based on the hammer rotor 4.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the drive shaft 5 is supported by an upper support assembly and a lower support assembly. The upper support assembly includes an upper support frame and an upper bearing 6, and the lower support assembly includes a lower support frame and a lower bearing 7. The upper part of the drive shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the upper support frame via the upper bearing 6, and the upper support frame is connected to the housing 9. The lower part of the drive shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the lower support frame via the lower bearing 7, and the lower support frame is connected to the housing 9. The drive shaft 5 is connected to the housing 9 via the upper bearing 6 and the lower bearing 7.

[0036] The drive assembly includes a belt assembly 10 and a drive motor 12. The drive motor 12 is connected to the drive shaft 5 via the belt assembly 10. The drive motor 12 is located on one side of the housing 9 and provides a power source for the drive shaft 5.

[0037] The high-efficiency sand making machine also includes a support frame, through which the shell is mounted on the ground.

[0038] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0039] In operation, the drive motor 12 is first started, transmitting power to the drive shaft 5 via the belt assembly 10. The drive shaft 5, now powered, drives the centrifugal rotor 2, the material distribution turntable 3, and the hammer rotor 4 to rotate. Quartz sandstone blocks fall through the feed inlet 1 and initially reach a high speed at the centrifugal rotor 2. They are then propelled by the centrifugal rotor 2 onto the wall of the centrifugal crushing chamber 91, where they are crushed, completing the initial crushing and shaping of the quartz sandstone. Under gravity, the crushed sandstone is collected and coarsely screened by the material distribution turntable 3. Particles close to the target size fall into the discharge outlet 8 under gravity, while larger particles are thrown into the hammer crushing chamber 93 by centrifugal force and crushed again by the hammer rotor 4, ultimately being discharged through the discharge outlet 8. The entire process of preparing fracturing sand from sandstone is completed in one operation, achieving classified crushing and effectively preventing over-crushing of the sandstone. The crushing process is efficient and environmentally friendly, improving equipment utilization efficiency and the yield of fracturing sand per unit of sandstone.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone, characterized in that, The system includes a feed inlet at the top of the housing, a centrifugal rotor, a material distribution turntable, and a hammer rotor connected to the drive shaft from top to bottom inside the housing, a discharge outlet at the bottom of the housing, and a drive assembly that drives the drive shaft to rotate. The centrifugal rotor is used to propel the quartz sandstone entering through the feed inlet onto the housing through rotation and centrifugal force, achieving initial crushing and shaping of the quartz sandstone blocks. The material distribution turntable is used to collect the initial crushed material generated by the centrifugal rotor and screen it, allowing larger particles to slide along the edge of the screen to the hammer rotor, while smaller particles pass through the screen and fall into the discharge outlet. The hammer rotor is used to crush the large particles that slide down from the edge of the screen by rotating and hammering them.

2. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal rotor has a cylindrical cavity structure, including a distribution plate, a throwing column, a guide plate, and a wear-resistant plate. The distribution plate is a frustum-shaped cone and is connected to the wear-resistant plate. The guide plate is located between the distribution plate and the throwing column, and is L-shaped, connected to the throwing column and the wear-resistant plate. The throwing column is cylindrical and located on the outer circumference of the wear-resistant plate, connected to the guide plate and the wear-resistant plate. The wear-resistant plate is located on the upper and lower end faces of the centrifugal rotor.

3. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the upper truncated cone to the lower truncated cone of the distribution plate is 1:2.5, and the height of the distribution plate is 1 / 4 of the height of the centrifugal rotor.

4. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material collection and distribution turntable includes an upper material collection plate, a lower material distribution screen plate, a mother frame, and ribs. The upper material collection plate is a bottomless bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing upwards, and the diameter of the bowl opening is larger than the outer diameter of the centrifugal crushing chamber corresponding to the centrifugal rotor. The lower material distribution screen plate is a bottomed bowl-shaped structure with the bowl opening facing downwards, including a screen and a screen platform, with the screen located on the periphery of the screen platform. The mother frame is a hollow cylinder, connected to the drive shaft, and the ribs are installed on the outer circumferential surface of the mother frame. The upper material collection plate and the lower material distribution screen plate are connected to the ribs by bolts.

5. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the screen platform is smaller than the diameter of the bottom of the upper collection tray, and the outer diameter of the screen mesh is smaller than the diameter of the upper collection tray and corresponds to the rotating impact zone of the hammer rotor.

6. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hammer rotor includes a female sleeve, a hammer rib, and a hammer plate. The female sleeve is a hollow cylinder and is connected to the drive shaft. The hammer rib is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the female sleeve. The hammer plate is a solid cuboid metal structure and is connected to the hammer rib.

7. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hammer ribs are arranged in three staggered layers.

8. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft is supported by an upper support assembly and a lower support assembly. The upper support assembly includes an upper support frame and an upper bearing, and the lower support assembly includes a lower support frame and a lower bearing. The upper part of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the upper support frame through the upper bearing, and the upper support frame is connected to the housing. The lower part of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the lower support frame through the lower bearing, and the lower support frame is connected to the housing.

9. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a belt assembly and a drive motor. The drive motor is connected to the drive shaft via the belt assembly and is located on one side of the housing.

10. The high-efficiency sand making machine for preparing fracturing sand from quartz sandstone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-efficiency sand making machine also includes a support frame, through which the shell is mounted on the ground.

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