Diversion tunnel flood discharge structure
By introducing a flood discharge pipe and a pressurization pipe structure into the diversion tunnel and using an air compressor to accelerate the water flow, the problem of insufficient flood discharge speed in the diversion tunnel was solved, achieving a low-cost and efficient flood discharge effect and simplifying the construction process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SINOHYDRO BUREAU 8 CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing diversion tunnel flood discharge structure has insufficient flood discharge speed under extreme flood conditions, and the construction cost is high and difficult. Traditional improvement schemes have drawbacks such as complex construction and high energy consumption.
The system employs a flood discharge pipe and a pressurization pipe structure. An air compressor delivers high-pressure airflow into the pressurization pipe, which then enters the flood discharge pipe, accelerating the water flow and creating a Bernoulli effect to increase the flood discharge speed. The flood discharge pipe is then secured with anchors. The system is simple in structure and has low construction difficulty and cost.
It increases the flood discharge speed, reduces construction difficulty and cost, has a simple structure, and enhances the acceleration effect of airflow on water flow through the Bernoulli effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224281191U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a diversion tunnel flood discharge structure. Background Technology
[0002] Existing diversion tunnels rely primarily on natural water pressure differences to drive water flow, which can lead to insufficient discharge speed and siltation at the tunnel entrance during extreme floods. Traditional improvement solutions often involve enlarging the cross-section of the diversion tunnel or adding mechanical pumping stations, but these methods suffer from drawbacks such as high construction costs, high energy consumption, and complex maintenance.
[0003] Chinese patent application CN200810024993.0 discloses a method for converting a diversion tunnel into a jet-flow internal energy dissipation vertical shaft flood discharge tunnel. This method involves constructing a vertical shaft downstream of the diversion tunnel's inlet; the lower part of the shaft connects to the top of the diversion tunnel, while the upper part connects to a capped, tail-like pressurized tunnel. The pressurized tunnel outlet contracts into a jet outlet within the vertical shaft. A plug is installed in the first half of the diversion tunnel at the junction of the vertical shaft and the diversion tunnel to form a blind chamber. This method allows water to be directly injected into the diversion tunnel for energy dissipation, offering the advantage of a large flood discharge capacity. However, the flood discharge speed of the diversion tunnel is still insufficient, and the construction is difficult and costly.
[0004] Chinese patent document with application number CN201510351094.1 discloses a method for converting a temporary diversion tunnel into a permanent flood discharge facility. The method is as follows: First, the inlet of the original diversion tunnel is sealed. Then, the inlet turning section and the straight section at least 5 times the tunnel height after the inlet turning section are converted into an energy dissipation pressure forebay. A jet outlet is set on the end wall of the energy dissipation pressure forebay, so that the diversion tunnel section after the outlet becomes the open flow section of the permanent flood discharge tunnel. At least one flood discharge tunnel is newly built above the sealed diversion tunnel inlet. The bottom elevation of the inlet of the newly built flood discharge tunnel needs to be determined according to the siltation situation and movement requirements of the reservoir area. Specifically, within the service life of the structure, the highest position that the silt may reach at the inlet is used as the standard. The bottom elevation of the inlet of the newly built flood discharge tunnel should be at least 2m higher than this siltation position to avoid carrying away the silt during flood discharge. Each newly built flood discharge tunnel is connected to the energy dissipation pressure forebay through at least one connecting pipe and the axes intersect. This method allows for flexible placement of the inlet elevation of newly constructed flood discharge tunnels and stipulates that the bottom elevation of the inlet must be at least 2 meters higher than the highest point of siltation within the building's service life. This overcomes the disadvantage of the low inlet elevation of the original diversion tunnel, thus avoiding the abrasion and damage to the flood discharge walls caused by carrying away silt accumulated near the tunnel opening during flood discharge when the diversion tunnel inlet is used as the inlet of a permanent flood discharge tunnel. However, its overall flood discharge structure is complex, with high construction difficulty and cost, and the flood discharge speed is not ideal. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a diversion tunnel flood discharge structure with simple overall structure, high flood discharge efficiency, and low construction difficulty and cost.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A diversion tunnel flood discharge structure includes a diversion tunnel, a flood discharge pipe, a pressurization pipe, and an air compressor. The flood discharge pipe is fixedly installed, with one end connected to the outlet of the diversion tunnel and the other end connected to the river channel. One end of the pressurization pipe is connected to the flood discharge pipe and the other end is connected to the air compressor. The inner diameter of the pressurization pipe is smaller than that of the flood discharge pipe.
[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0009] The air compressor is connected to the pressurization pipe via a one-way valve.
[0010] The pressurization pipe and the flood discharge pipe are arranged at an angle, and the angle β between the pressurization pipe and the flood discharge pipe satisfies 5°≤β≤45°.
[0011] The flood discharge pipe is set horizontally, and the pressurization pipe is set inclined behind the water flow direction of the flood discharge pipe.
[0012] The cross-sectional area of the flood discharge pipe is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of that of the diversion tunnel.
[0013] One end of the flood discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the diversion tunnel, and a sealing material is provided between it and the inner wall of the diversion tunnel.
[0014] The distance between the other end of the flood discharge pipe and the outlet end of the diversion tunnel is 5 to 10 meters.
[0015] The bottom of the flood discharge pipe is equipped with anchors, which are anchored to the ground.
[0016] The anchors are provided in multiple quantities and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the flood discharge pipe.
[0017] Both the flood discharge pipe and the pressurization pipe are steel pipes, and both the inner and outer walls of the flood discharge pipe and the pressurization pipe are coated with polymer.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:
[0019] This utility model's diversion tunnel flood discharge structure, during flood discharge, involves an air compressor starting up to continuously deliver high-pressure airflow into the pressurization pipe. This high-pressure airflow enters the flood discharge pipe through the pressurization pipe, accelerating the water flow velocity within the flood discharge pipe, thereby increasing the flood discharge speed. Furthermore, the pressurization structure, mainly composed of an air compressor and a pressurization pipe, is simple, resulting in a simple overall structure and low construction difficulty and cost. Additionally, the inner diameter of the pressurization pipe is smaller than that of the flood discharge pipe, creating a Bernoulli effect between the two pipes, enhancing the airflow's acceleration effect on the water flow. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flood discharge structure of the diversion tunnel of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anchorage of the flood discharge structure of the diversion tunnel of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the flood discharge pipe and pressurization pipe of the flood discharge structure of the diversion tunnel of this utility model.
[0023] The labels in the diagram represent:
[0024] 1. Diversion tunnel; 2. Flood discharge pipe; 3. Pressurization pipe; 4. Air compressor; 5. Check valve; 6. Sealing material; 7. Anchors; 8. Polymer coating. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] Example 1:
[0030] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention illustrates an embodiment of the flood discharge structure of the diversion tunnel. The flood discharge structure of this embodiment includes a diversion tunnel 1, a flood discharge pipe 2, a pressurizing pipe 3, and an air compressor 4. The flood discharge pipe 2 is fixedly installed, with one end connected to the outlet end of the diversion tunnel 1 and the other end connected to the river channel. One end of the pressurizing pipe 3 is connected to the flood discharge pipe 2 and the other end is connected to the air compressor 4. The inner diameter of the pressurizing pipe 3 is smaller than that of the flood discharge pipe 2.
[0031] During flood discharge, air compressor 4 starts, continuously supplying high-pressure airflow into pressurization pipe 3. This high-pressure airflow enters flood discharge pipe 2 through pressurization pipe 3, accelerating the water flow velocity within flood discharge pipe 2 and thus increasing the flood discharge speed. Furthermore, the pressurization structure, mainly composed of air compressor 4 and pressurization pipe 3, is simple, resulting in a simple overall structure and low construction difficulty and cost. Additionally, the inner diameter of pressurization pipe 3 is smaller than that of flood discharge pipe 2, creating a Bernoulli effect between the two pipes, enhancing the acceleration effect of the airflow on the water flow.
[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the air compressor 4 is connected to the pressurization pipe 3 via a one-way valve 5 to prevent water from flowing from the pressurization pipe 3 to the air compressor 4, thereby improving safety.
[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pressurizing pipe 3 and the flood discharge pipe 2 are set at an angle, and the angle β between the pressurizing pipe 3 and the flood discharge pipe 2 satisfies 5°≤β≤45°, so that the airflow direction F2 of the pressurizing pipe 3 and the water flow direction F1 of the flood discharge pipe 2 are at an appropriate angle, thereby facilitating the acceleration effect of the airflow on the water flow.
[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the flood discharge pipe 2 is set horizontally, and the pressurization pipe 3 is set inclined to the rear of the flood discharge pipe 2 in the direction of water flow.
[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the flood discharge pipe 2 is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of that of the diversion tunnel 1.
[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, one end of the flood discharge pipe 2 is located at the bottom of the diversion tunnel 1, and a sealing material 6, such as existing inorganic sealing material or concrete, is provided between it and the inner wall of the diversion tunnel 1.
[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the distance between the other end of the flood discharge pipe 2 and the outlet end of the diversion tunnel 1 is 5 to 10 meters.
[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the bottom of the flood discharge pipe 2 is provided with an anchor 7, which is anchored to the ground. The flood discharge pipe 2 is fixed to the ground by the anchor 7, thereby improving its stability.
[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, multiple anchors 7 are provided and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the flood discharge pipe 2 to further improve the stability of the flood discharge pipe 2 under the impact of water flow.
[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the flood discharge pipe 2 and the pressurization pipe 3 are steel pipes.
[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the air compressor 4 (a commercially available conventional component) is positioned above the water outlet of the guide tunnel 1, and its power is dynamically matched according to the flow velocity requirements of the guide tunnel 1 cross-section (recommended power range: 200-500kW). The air compressor 4 can be equipped with a waterproof housing and a shock-absorbing base to ensure stable operation in a humid environment. Both the air compressor 4 and the pressurization pipe 3 are connected to the check valve 5 via flanges.
[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the anchor 7 includes two steel bars with a diameter of not less than 28mm HRB400. The lower part of the anchor bars is anchored to the ground, and the upper part of the two anchor bars is processed into left and right arcs, with the specific arc radius matching the flood discharge pipe 2.
[0043] Example 2:
[0044] Figure 3 This paper illustrates another embodiment of the flood discharge structure of the diversion tunnel of this utility model. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the inner and outer walls of both the flood discharge pipe 2 and the pressurization pipe 3 are provided with a polymer coating 8. The polymer coating 8, such as polyurethane, is used to reduce the frictional resistance of the water flow and to protect the flood discharge pipe 2 and the pressurization pipe 3 from corrosion.
[0045] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the content of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A diversion tunnel flood discharge structure, characterized in that: It includes a diversion tunnel (1), a flood discharge pipe (2), a pressurization pipe (3), and an air compressor (4). The flood discharge pipe (2) is fixedly installed, and one end of the flood discharge pipe (2) is connected to the outlet end of the diversion tunnel (1) and the other end is connected to the river. One end of the pressurization pipe (3) is connected to the flood discharge pipe (2) and the other end is connected to the air compressor (4). The inner diameter of the pressurization pipe (3) is smaller than that of the flood discharge pipe (2).
2. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor (4) is connected to the pressurization pipe (3) via a one-way valve (5).
3. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressurization pipe (3) and the flood discharge pipe (2) are set at an angle, and the angle β between the pressurization pipe (3) and the flood discharge pipe (2) satisfies 5°≤β≤45°.
4. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flood discharge pipe (2) is set horizontally, and the pressurization pipe (3) is set inclined to the rear of the flood discharge pipe (2) in the direction of water flow.
5. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of the flood discharge pipe (2) is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of that of the diversion tunnel (1).
6. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the flood discharge pipe (2) is located at the bottom of the diversion tunnel (1) and a sealing material (6) is provided between it and the inner wall of the diversion tunnel (1).
7. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the other end of the flood discharge pipe (2) and the outlet end of the diversion tunnel (1) is 5~10m.
8. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the flood discharge pipe (2) is provided with an anchor (7), which is anchored to the ground.
9. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchor (7) is provided in multiple parts and is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the flood discharge pipe (2).
10. The diversion tunnel flood discharge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Both the flood discharge pipe (2) and the pressurization pipe (3) are steel pipes, and both the inner and outer walls of the flood discharge pipe (2) and the pressurization pipe (3) are coated with a polymer coating (8).