A marine electric propulsion system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ship electric propulsion systems, belong to ship electric power technical field, the system includes multiple independent lithium battery group, propulsion system, inverter system, charging system, control system and switch cabinet, and the flexible connection and switching between battery group and propulsion system are realized by relay in switch cabinet.Adopt intelligent energy management method, real-time monitoring battery state and load demand, dynamically adjust power supply mode, optimize charging strategy, and enhance anti-vibration and environmental adaptability design.The system significantly improves the use efficiency and life of battery group, solves the problem of unbalance of redundant battery group, dynamic load response delay and other problems in the prior art, suitable for efficient, stable operation of all-electric ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine electric technology, and in particular to a marine electric propulsion system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of all-electric ships, with increasing environmental protection requirements and the need for efficient energy utilization, battery packs have become a core component of ship power and energy management systems. To cope with the complex and ever-changing marine environment and the demand for high reliability, current technological developments mainly focus on improving the safety, reliability, and efficiency of battery packs through various means. These means include redundant battery pack design, battery management systems (BMS), dynamic energy management strategies, vibration-resistant design, and environmentally adaptable design.

[0003] Firstly, redundant battery pack design is a widely adopted approach that improves system reliability by configuring multiple battery packs. When the main battery pack fails or its performance degrades, the backup battery pack can quickly take over, ensuring the normal operation of the vessel. This design provides additional safety assurance in critical moments and is one of the foundations for ensuring vessel stability.

[0004] Secondly, the Battery Management System (BMS) plays a crucial role in the operation of the battery pack. By monitoring parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and charge / discharge status of the battery pack in real time, the BMS can effectively prevent potential safety hazards and optimize battery life. The intelligent management of the BMS not only improves the safety of the battery pack but also provides technical support for the long-term operation of the battery system.

[0005] Dynamic energy management is another key technology. Through intelligent algorithms and control systems, ships can dynamically adjust the output power of each battery pack according to actual power demand. This not only maximizes battery pack utilization efficiency and reduces unnecessary energy waste, but also extends battery life and lowers system operating costs. This flexible energy management approach has become an important means of improving the energy efficiency of all-electric ships.

[0006] Furthermore, considering the vibrations that ships experience at sea caused by waves and mechanical equipment, vibration-resistant design is crucial for ensuring the structural stability and safety of battery packs. By improving the battery pack's casing design, using vibration-resistant materials, and optimizing its internal structure, modern battery packs are better able to cope with the challenges of vibration environments, reducing the risk of battery performance degradation or safety accidents caused by vibration.

[0007] Finally, considering the unique characteristics of the marine environment, such as high humidity, salt spray, and dust, environmental adaptability design has become an important part of battery pack design. By using waterproof, dustproof, and corrosion-resistant encapsulation materials and processes, battery packs can maintain stable performance in harsh marine environments, extend their service life, and reduce maintenance frequency.

[0008] Despite significant advancements in all-electric marine technology, existing technologies still exhibit several limitations that restrict system performance and efficiency. Firstly, while redundant battery pack designs improve system reliability, parallel operation of multiple battery packs can lead to imbalances, shortening battery life and increasing maintenance costs. Secondly, the battery management system (BMS) suffers from insufficient responsiveness and accuracy in complex environments, potentially failing to effectively address rapid changes in battery state and impacting system safety and efficiency. While dynamic energy management strategies optimize battery output, existing algorithms may exhibit slow response times to rapidly changing load demands, resulting in uneven energy distribution and further exacerbating unbalanced battery usage. Thirdly, although vibration-resistant designs have improved, with increasing ship power and speed, current technologies may be insufficient to completely eliminate the impact of vibration on the battery pack; prolonged vibration can damage internal structures, increasing safety hazards. Finally, while environmentally adaptable designs protect the battery pack in harsh marine environments, the encapsulation materials may age over time, reducing their protective effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop smarter and more efficient energy management strategies, improve the responsiveness of the BMS, enhance the effectiveness of vibration-resistant design, and improve the durability of battery packs in harsh environments in order to improve the overall performance and safety of all-electric ships.

[0009] In summary, current technological advancements in the field of all-electric ships primarily rely on redundant design, battery management systems (BMS), dynamic energy management, vibration-resistant design, and environmentally adaptable design to comprehensively improve battery pack performance and reliability. These technologies collectively address the complex challenges of ship operation, laying the foundation for the widespread application of all-electric ships. However, achieving more efficient coordinated output among multiple battery packs and further improving the overall energy efficiency of the system remains a crucial direction for future technological development. Therefore, it is necessary to design a ship electric propulsion system to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a ship electric propulsion system. This utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art through multi-battery pack topology design, intelligent energy management and vibration-resistant packaging.

[0011] To achieve the aforementioned objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A marine electric propulsion system comprising at least three independent lithium battery packs;

[0013] The propulsion system includes a drive motor and a propeller;

[0014] The inverter system connects the lithium battery pack to the drive motor;

[0015] The switch cabinet has multiple relays S1 to S10 built in, which are used to switch the connection mode between the lithium battery pack and the propulsion system.

[0016] The control system monitors the battery pack status and load requirements in real time and controls the switching status of relays.

[0017] Preferably, the relay configuration of the switchgear supports single-battery power supply mode, dual-battery power supply mode, and charging mode, wherein:

[0018] In single-battery power supply mode, close S1, S2 or S4, S5 to disconnect other relays;

[0019] In dual-battery power supply mode, close S1, S2, S4, and S5, and disconnect other relays;

[0020] In charging mode, close S3, S6, S9, and S10, and open S1, S2, S4, and S5.

[0021] Preferably, the control system includes a data acquisition unit, a microprocessor, and a battery switching controller, wherein the microprocessor dynamically allocates the battery pack output according to the remaining battery capacity and load requirements.

[0022] Preferably, the casing of the lithium battery pack adopts a vibration-resistant design, including vibration-resistant materials and an internal buffer structure.

[0023] Preferably, the charging system charges the lithium battery pack via shore power, and the charging controller selects a charging strategy based on the battery status to avoid overcharging.

[0024] Preferably, the energy management system further includes environmentally adaptable encapsulation, including waterproof, dustproof, and salt spray resistant encapsulation materials.

[0025] Preferably, the inverter system adopts multi-stage frequency conversion control to adapt to the power demand at different sailing speeds.

[0026] Preferably, the microprocessor optimizes the battery pack switching strategy in real time through a dynamic energy management algorithm to ensure load balance.

[0027] Preferably, the lithium battery packs are connected in parallel via relays, so that when any battery pack fails, the backup battery pack automatically switches to power.

[0028] Preferably, the system topology includes a shipboard power module, an electric propulsion module, an energy management module, and an auxiliary module, with each module connected via a bus communication system.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are reflected in:

[0030] 1. This system proposes a multi-battery-pack electric propulsion system topology, allowing each battery pack to operate independently or collaboratively. Through relay settings in the switchgear, the system can flexibly switch between single-battery-pack and dual-battery-pack modes. This design ensures optimal utilization of power resources and improves system redundancy and reliability. Compared to traditional single-battery-pack structures, the multi-battery-pack design of this invention enables the system to maintain stable operation even in the event of battery cell failure or drastic changes in power demand. This not only improves the overall reliability of the system but also extends battery life and reduces downtime and maintenance costs.

[0031] 2. This system dynamically adjusts the operating status of each battery pack by real-time monitoring of the battery pack's status and load demand, achieving seamless switching between battery packs. This method flexibly switches between single-battery-pack and dual-battery-pack power supply modes, ensuring the system's stability and efficiency under various load conditions. Traditional electric propulsion systems often lack effective management of dynamic loads, while the intelligent energy management method of this invention significantly enhances the system's dynamic response capability, making the load distribution of the battery packs more reasonable, avoiding unnecessary energy waste, and improving the overall performance and lifespan of the batteries. The key innovations of this system, through optimized system structure, intelligent energy management, efficient charging management, vibration-resistant design, and enhanced dynamic load response capability, successfully overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. In solving key problems in all-electric marine electric propulsion systems, this invention significantly improves the system's stability, reliability, and lifespan, while reducing operating costs and maintenance requirements. These technological advantages make this invention more competitive and have broad application prospects in the field of all-electric ships. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is the topology of the all-electric ship power system of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of shore power supply according to this utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is the single-battery pack operation mode of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is the single-battery pack operation mode of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is an architecture diagram of the energy management system in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a marine electric propulsion system includes at least three independent lithium battery packs;

[0039] The propulsion system includes a drive motor and a propeller;

[0040] The inverter system connects the lithium battery pack to the drive motor;

[0041] The switch cabinet has multiple relays S1 to S10 built in, which are used to switch the connection mode between the lithium battery pack and the propulsion system.

[0042] The control system monitors the battery pack status and load requirements in real time and controls the switching status of relays.

[0043] Preferably, the relay configuration of the switchgear supports single-battery power supply mode, dual-battery power supply mode, and charging mode, wherein:

[0044] In single-battery power supply mode, close S1, S2 or S4, S5 to disconnect other relays;

[0045] In dual-battery power supply mode, close S1, S2, S4, and S5, and disconnect other relays;

[0046] In charging mode, close S3, S6, S9, and S10, and open S1, S2, S4, and S5.

[0047] Preferably, the control system includes a data acquisition unit, a microprocessor, and a battery switching controller, wherein the microprocessor dynamically allocates the battery pack output according to the remaining battery capacity and load requirements.

[0048] Preferably, the casing of the lithium battery pack adopts a vibration-resistant design, including vibration-resistant materials and an internal buffer structure.

[0049] Preferably, the charging system charges the lithium battery pack via shore power, and the charging controller selects a charging strategy based on the battery status to avoid overcharging.

[0050] Preferably, the energy management system further includes environmentally adaptable encapsulation, including waterproof, dustproof, and salt spray resistant encapsulation materials.

[0051] Preferably, the inverter system adopts multi-stage frequency conversion control to adapt to the power demand at different sailing speeds.

[0052] Preferably, the microprocessor optimizes the battery pack switching strategy in real time through a dynamic energy management algorithm to ensure load balance.

[0053] Preferably, the lithium battery packs are connected in parallel via relays, so that when any battery pack fails, the backup battery pack automatically switches to power.

[0054] Preferably, the system topology includes a shipboard power module, an electric propulsion module, an energy management module, and an auxiliary module, with each module connected via a bus communication system.

[0055] Implementation 2:

[0056] This embodiment provides the specific working principle of the device:

[0057] S1: The topology design of the ship's electric propulsion system aims to meet the reasonable allocation requirements of propulsion power and control system power to satisfy specific speed, range, load, and endurance requirements. To this end, the design scheme selects power batteries, propulsion motors, frequency converters, and related equipment, and adopts a lithium battery pack as the core energy management unit to ensure system stability and efficiency.

[0058] Specifically, the system includes a control system, a charging system, a propulsion system, an inverter system, three lithium battery packs, and a switch cabinet; a schematic diagram of the system is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the switch cabinet manages different connections and switching through relays (S1 to S10), supporting the following functions:

[0059] ① Propulsion speed control: Battery pack 1 and battery pack 2 control the ship's propulsion speed through inverters and drive motors.

[0060] ② Power supply: Battery pack 3 provides power to other shipboard electrical equipment.

[0061] ③ Charging management: The charger and lithium battery pack are connected via relays S3, S6, and S9, and shore power and the charger provide energy to the power supply unit.

[0062] ④ Power Supply Mode Switching: Relays S1, S2, S4, and S5 are used to connect the propulsion system, inverter system, and lithium battery pack to power the motor. Based on the battery pack's discharge state, the system can adjust the relay switches in real time, thereby switching between single-battery pack and dual-battery pack power supply modes.

[0063] This design ensures the ship's stability under dynamic loads and enables efficient energy management, allowing for seamless switching between lithium battery packs.

[0064] Based on the analysis of power supply energy, the power supply mode of ship microgrids can be divided into three operating modes: charging mode, single battery pack power supply mode, and dual battery pack power supply mode.

[0065] S2: Ship operation mode analysis can be divided into three operation modes: charging mode, single battery pack power supply mode, and dual battery pack power supply mode.

[0066] ① Charging mode:

[0067] When the vessel is docked at the port, switches S3, S6, S9, and S10 are turned off, and switches S1, S2, S4, and S5 are disconnected. In this mode, shore power charges the vessel's battery packs via charging stations. This is suitable for charging needs during vessel berthing. The shore power supply topology is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0068] ② Single-battery pack power supply mode: During navigation, only one battery pack provides power to the ship's propulsion system. This is achieved by closing switches S1 and S2 or S4 and S5 in the switchgear while simultaneously disconnecting other switches. This mode is suitable when the remaining battery capacity is sufficient to support the ship's range during navigation. The topology of a ship's single-battery pack power supply is as follows: Figure 3 As shown

[0069] ③ Dual Battery Pack Power Supply Mode: Two battery packs simultaneously provide power to the ship's propulsion system. Dual battery pack power supply is achieved by closing switches S1, S2, S4, and S5 and opening other switches. This mode is suitable for situations where the remaining capacity of the battery packs is insufficient to meet the load demand alone. The topology of the ship's dual battery pack power supply operation mode is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0070] These power supply methods can be flexibly switched according to different operating scenarios and battery status to ensure the stability and reliability of the ship's electric propulsion system.

[0071] S3: The energy management optimization framework for all-electric ships consists of four sub-modules: electric propulsion module, onboard power module, energy management module, and auxiliary module. The framework is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0072] The electric propulsion module includes a ship control unit, a drive motor, and a propeller. The ship control unit is the core decision-making unit of the all-electric ship. It collects signals from the remote control handle, steering wheel, and the ship's current status, judges and processes this information, sends control commands to the energy management system, and simultaneously converts energy from the battery pack into power to drive the propeller and propel the ship.

[0073] The shipboard power module consists of a power battery pack, a battery management system, and a charge controller. The power battery pack is the ship's sole energy source, providing power for navigation and electrical equipment. The battery management system monitors battery status and performs online diagnostics, early warnings, charge / discharge control, equalization, and thermal management. The charge controller converts the AC power from shore charging stations to DC power and charges the battery pack according to charging rules.

[0074] The energy management module consists of a data acquisition unit, a microprocessor, and a battery switching cabinet. The data acquisition unit receives feedback signals from the marine power module and the electric propulsion module. The microprocessor calculates battery aging and remaining capacity based on the data and controls the current distribution of the battery pack to ensure that the ship's power needs are met.

[0075] The auxiliary module includes a power steering unit, steering wheel, cockpit display and control console, and various auxiliary devices. Its functions are basically the same as those of traditional ships, assisting in the operation and handling of the ship.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A marine electric propulsion system, characterized in that, It includes at least three independent lithium battery packs; it also includes a propulsion system, which includes a drive motor and a propeller; an inverter system connects the lithium battery packs and the drive motor; the switch cabinet has multiple relays S1 to S10 built in it to switch the connection mode between the lithium battery packs and the propulsion system; the control system monitors the battery pack status and load requirements in real time and controls the switching status of the relays.

2. The ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relay configuration of the switch cabinet supports single-battery power supply mode, dual-battery power supply mode, and charging mode.

3. A ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a data acquisition unit, a microprocessor, and a battery switching controller.

4. A ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging system charges the lithium battery pack via shore power.

5. A ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management system also includes environmentally adaptable encapsulation, including waterproof, dustproof, and salt spray resistant encapsulation materials.

6. A ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter system employs multi-stage frequency conversion control.

7. A ship electric propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery packs are connected in parallel via relays; the system topology includes a shipboard power module, an electric propulsion module, an energy management module, and an auxiliary module, and the modules are connected via bus communication.

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