An energy storage device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage device, which comprises a device main body, the device main body is provided with a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, the second temperature zone is arranged between the first temperature zone and the outside, the temperature of the second temperature zone is between the temperature of the first temperature zone and the temperature of the outside environment, and the heat preservation performance of the first temperature zone is greater than that of the second temperature zone. By arranging the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone with different heat preservation performances, the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone can adapt to the use requirements of different scenes, are applied to specific scenes of heat storage or cold storage, and can greatly improve the energy utilization rate and availability of the energy storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements, engineers can utilize energy storage devices to store energy for convenient use when needed, such as energy storage devices for storing heat. Currently, most common energy storage devices place energy storage components at the same temperature inside an insulated enclosure for easy access.

[0003] However, for this common type of energy storage device, the temperature difference between the storage component near the outside and the ambient temperature is too large, causing the heat exchange between the entire energy storage device and the outside environment to be too rapid, which easily leads to energy loss. Moreover, for application scenarios with low energy demand, energy storage components with large temperature differences from the environment and high energy content cannot be well utilized, resulting in the waste of excess energy in the storage component, which easily leads to energy loss in the energy storage device and affects the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides an energy storage device that can improve the energy utilization rate and availability of the energy storage device.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an energy storage device, including a device body, the device body having a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, the second temperature zone being located between the first temperature zone and the outside environment, the temperature of the second temperature zone being between the temperature of the first temperature zone and the outside environment temperature, and the heat preservation performance of the first temperature zone being greater than that of the second temperature zone.

[0006] In one specific embodiment, the device body further includes an energy conductor, the first temperature zone is used to accommodate a first energy storage device, the energy conductor is used to connect to an external energy source, the energy conductor and the first energy storage device are accommodated within the first temperature zone, and the first energy storage device is accommodated between the energy conductor and the inner wall of the device body forming the first temperature zone.

[0007] In one specific embodiment, the main body of the device includes a first insulation component and a second insulation component. The first insulation component has a first insulation space, and the first temperature zone includes the first insulation space. The second insulation component has a second insulation space, and the second temperature zone includes the second insulation space. The first insulation space is used to accommodate a first energy storage component, and the second insulation space is used to accommodate a second energy storage component. The first insulation component has a first slot, and the first insulation space is at least partially located in the first slot, which is used for detachable connection with the first energy storage component. And / or, the second insulation component has a second slot, and the second insulation space is at least partially located in the second slot, which is used for detachable connection with the second energy storage component.

[0008] In one specific embodiment, the number of the first slots is at least one and corresponds one-to-one with the first energy storage component. The energy conduction component includes a heat exchange pipe, which passes through the first insulation space and surrounds the heat exchange pipe.

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the first insulation component, the first energy storage component, and the second energy storage component are disposed within the second insulation space, and the first energy storage component, the first insulation component, and the second energy storage component are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the main body of the device further includes a first heat transfer valve, a first temperature detection element, a second temperature detection element, and a controller. The two ends of the first heat transfer valve are respectively connected to the first insulation space and the second insulation space. The first temperature detection element is disposed in the first insulation space, and the second temperature detection element is disposed in the second insulation space. The controller is signal-connected to the first heat transfer valve, the first temperature detection element, and the second temperature detection element.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, the main body of the device further includes a second heat transfer valve, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the outside and the second insulation space, and the second heat transfer valve is signal-connected to the controller.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, the main body of the device is provided with a third temperature zone, the temperature of which is between the temperature of the second temperature zone and the ambient temperature. The main body of the device also includes a third insulation component, a third heat transfer valve, and a third temperature detection component. The third insulation component has a third insulation space, and the third temperature zone includes the third insulation space. The insulation performance of the second insulation space is greater than that of the third insulation space. The third insulation space is used to accommodate a third energy storage component and the third temperature detection component. The two ends of the third heat transfer valve are respectively connected to the third insulation space and the second insulation space. The third heat transfer valve and the third temperature detection component are signal-connected to the controller.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a fourth heat transfer valve, and there are multiple third insulation components, which are successively fitted over the second insulation component. Two adjacent third insulation spaces are connected through the fourth heat transfer valve, and the fourth heat transfer valve is signal-connected to the controller.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a heat-conducting fluid, which is contained in the first insulation space, the second insulation space, and the third insulation space, and the heat-conducting fluid can flow between the first insulation space, the second insulation space, and the third insulation space through the first heat transfer valve, the third heat transfer valve, and the fourth heat transfer valve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application include: by setting a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone with different temperatures and insulation performance in the main body of the device, the first temperature zone with relatively better insulation performance houses the first energy storage component, and the second temperature zone with relatively average insulation performance houses the second energy storage component. While the first insulation space insulates the first energy storage component, which has a large temperature difference with the outside, the energy dissipated from the first temperature zone can be absorbed by the second energy storage component, which has a smaller temperature difference with the outside, thus preventing leakage. Since the second energy storage component has a smaller temperature difference with the outside, the energy transfer between them is not strong, thereby effectively reducing the energy leakage phenomenon of the energy storage device and reducing energy loss. At the same time, the first and second temperature zones can adapt to the usage requirements of different scenarios, improving the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the implementation will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementations of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1A schematic block diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Energy storage device; 2. Device body; 21. First insulation component; 211. First insulation space; 212. First slot; 22. Second insulation component; 221. Second insulation space; 222. Second slot; 23. Third insulation component; 231. Third insulation space; 24. Energy conduction component; 241. Heat exchange pipe; 251. First heat transfer valve; 252. Second heat transfer valve; 253. Third heat transfer valve; 254. Fourth heat transfer valve; 261. First temperature detection component; 262. Second temperature detection component; 263. Third temperature detection component; 27. Controller; 3. First energy storage component; 4. Second energy storage component; 5. Third energy storage component. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In this application, the terms "set up," "equipped with," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0029] With technological advancements, engineers can utilize energy storage devices to store energy for convenient use when needed, such as energy storage devices for storing heat. Currently, most common energy storage devices place energy storage components at the same temperature inside an insulated enclosure for easy access.

[0030] However, for this common type of energy storage device, the temperature difference between the storage component near the outside and the ambient temperature is too large, causing the heat exchange between the entire energy storage device and the outside environment to be too rapid, which easily leads to energy loss. Moreover, for application scenarios with low energy demand, energy storage components with large temperature differences from the environment and high energy content cannot be well utilized, resulting in the waste of excess energy in the storage component, which easily leads to energy loss in the energy storage device and affects the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device.

[0031] In order to improve or solve the above technical problems, the inventors of this application, after long-term research, have proposed at least the following embodiments.

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application. Specific embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device 1, which can be used to connect to energy storage components to store energy. The energy storage device 1 may include a device body 2.

[0033] The main body 2 of the device has a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, with the second temperature zone located between the first temperature zone and the outside environment. The temperature of the second temperature zone is between the temperature of the first temperature zone and the ambient temperature, and the insulation performance of the first temperature zone is greater than that of the second temperature zone.

[0034] By setting up a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone with different temperatures and insulation performance within the main body of the device, the first temperature zone with relatively better insulation performance houses the first energy storage component, while the second temperature zone with relatively moderate insulation performance houses the second energy storage component. While the first insulation space insulates the first energy storage component, which has a large temperature difference with the outside environment, the energy dissipated from the first temperature zone can be absorbed by the second energy storage component, which has a smaller temperature difference with the outside environment, thus preventing energy leakage. Since the second energy storage component has a smaller temperature difference with the outside environment, the energy transfer between them is not strong, effectively reducing energy leakage and minimizing energy loss. Furthermore, the first and second temperature zones can adapt to different usage scenarios, improving the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device.

[0035] In one specific embodiment of this application, the device body 2 may further include an energy conductor 24, which is used to connect to an external energy source. The energy conductor 24 and the first energy storage component 3 are disposed within a first temperature zone. The first energy storage component 3 can be accommodated between the energy conductor 24 and the inner wall of the device body 2 forming the first temperature zone.

[0036] With the structure provided in this specific embodiment, the energy conduction component can conduct the energy of the energy source to the first temperature zone, so that the first energy storage component 3 in the first temperature zone can absorb the energy of the energy source, and the second energy storage component 4 in the relatively lower temperature zone can absorb the energy conducted outward from the first temperature zone, so that the energy storage device 1 can effectively store the energy of the energy source and reduce the energy loss during the energy storage process.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of this application, the device body 2 may have a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, with the second temperature zone located between the first temperature zone and the outside environment. The device body 2 includes a first insulation component 21 and a second insulation component 22. The first insulation component 21 has a first insulation space 211, and the first temperature zone may include the first insulation space 211. The second insulation component 22 has a second insulation space 221, and the second temperature zone may include the second insulation space 221.

[0038] The first insulation space 211 is used to house the first energy storage component 3, and the second insulation space 221 is used to house the second energy storage component 4. The temperature of the second temperature zone is between the temperature of the first temperature zone and the ambient temperature. The insulation performance of the first insulation space 211 is greater than that of the second insulation space 221.

[0039] In the structure provided in this specific embodiment, by setting a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone with different temperatures in the main body 2 of the device, the first energy storage component 3 is accommodated in the first insulation space 211 of the first insulation component 21 with relatively good insulation performance, and the second energy storage component 4 is accommodated in the second insulation space 221 of the second insulation component 22 with relatively average insulation performance. This allows for different insulation measures to be taken for areas with different temperatures. While the first insulation space 211 insulates the first energy storage component 3, which has a large temperature difference with the outside, the energy dissipated from the first temperature zone can be absorbed by the second energy storage component 4, which has a smaller temperature difference with the outside, thus preventing leakage. Since the second energy storage component 4 has a smaller temperature difference with the outside, the energy transfer between them is not strong, effectively reducing the energy leakage phenomenon of the energy storage device 1 and reducing the energy loss of the energy storage device 1. At the same time, the first and second temperature zones can adapt to the usage requirements of different scenarios, improving the energy utilization rate of the energy storage device 1.

[0040] The first insulation component 21 is provided with a first slot 212, and the first insulation space 211 is at least partially located in the first slot 212. The first slot 212 is used for detachable connection with the first energy storage component 3. By providing the first slot 212, the first energy storage component 3 can be detachably installed in the first insulation space 211. When it is necessary to charge the first energy storage component 3, the first energy storage component 3 is connected to the first slot 212 to absorb energy in the first temperature zone for charging. After the charging process is completed, the first energy storage component 3 can be removed from the first slot 212, so that the first energy storage component 3 can be flexibly used in various scenarios, thereby improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0041] Optionally, the second insulation component 22 is provided with a second slot 222, and the second insulation space 221 is at least partially located in the second slot 222. The second slot 222 is used for detachable connection with the second energy storage component 4. By providing the second slot 222, the second energy storage component 4 can be detachably disposed in the second insulation space 221. When energy needs to be charged into the second energy storage component 4, the second energy storage component 4 is connected to the second slot 222 to absorb energy in the second temperature zone for charging. After the charging process is completed, the second energy storage component 4 can be removed from the second slot 222, so that the second energy storage component 4 can be flexibly used in various scenarios, thereby improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0042] By using the detachable connection between different insulation spaces and different energy storage components, the energy release process of energy storage device 1 becomes more flexible, adapting to the needs of different usage scenarios and greatly improving the usability of energy storage device 1.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of this application,

[0044] The number of first slots 212 can be at least one, and each first slot 212 can correspond one-to-one with a first energy storage component 3, thereby limiting the position of each first energy storage component 3. The energy conduction component 24 may include a heat exchange pipe 241, which passes through a first insulation space 211 and surrounds the heat exchange pipe 241.

[0045] With the structure provided by this specific embodiment, at least one first energy storage element 3 can be accommodated in the first insulation space 211 and arranged around the heat exchange pipe 241, so that at least one first energy storage element 3 can absorb energy from an external energy source through the heat exchange pipe 241 to realize the charging process, thereby improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0046] In a specific embodiment of this application, the first insulation component 21, the first energy storage component 3, and the second energy storage component 4 can be disposed within the second insulation space 221. Specifically, the first energy storage component 3, the first insulation component 21, and the second energy storage component 4 can be disposed sequentially from the inside out.

[0047] In the structure provided in this specific embodiment, the first heat insulation component 21 is disposed on the outer periphery of the first energy storage component 3, the second energy storage component 4 is disposed on the outer periphery of the first heat insulation component 21, and the second heat insulation component 22 is disposed on the outer periphery of the second energy storage component 4 and the first heat insulation component 21. For the first energy storage component 3 with high energy, both the second heat insulation component 22 and the first heat insulation component 21 can be used to prevent energy from overflowing from the first energy storage component 3. Even if the energy overflows into the second heat insulation space 221 through the first heat insulation component 21, it can be absorbed by the second energy storage component 4, thereby reducing waste and reducing energy loss of the energy storage device 1 during the energy storage process.

[0048] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth embodiment of the energy storage device provided in this application. In a specific embodiment of this application, the device body 2 may further include a first heat transfer valve 251, a first temperature detection element 261, a second temperature detection element 262, and a controller 27. The two ends of the first heat transfer valve 251 are respectively connected to a first insulation space 211 and a second insulation space 221. The first temperature detection element 261 is disposed in the first insulation space 211, and the second temperature detection element 262 is disposed in the second insulation space 221. The controller 27 is signal-connected to the first heat transfer valve 251, the first temperature detection element 261, and the second temperature detection element 262.

[0049] In the structure provided in this specific embodiment, the first temperature zone and the second temperature zone can be connected by a first heat transfer valve 251. When the heat transfer valve is opened, heat flow can be realized between the first insulation space 211 and the second insulation space 221, so that the second energy storage component 4 in the second insulation space 221 can absorb the energy of the first energy storage component 3, reduce the temperature difference between the first energy storage component 3 and the external environment, reduce the probability of overheating or overcooling in the first insulation space 211 affecting the normal operation of the energy storage device 1, and improve the stability of the energy storage device 1.

[0050] The controller 27 can use the data measured by the first temperature sensor 261 and the second temperature sensor 262 to determine the temperature difference between the first insulation space 211 and the second insulation space 221. Then, based on the temperature difference and the temperature in the first insulation space 211, it can determine the opening and closing timing of the first heat transfer valve 251, thereby achieving flexible temperature control and improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of this application, the main body 2 of the device may further include a second heat transfer valve 252, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the outside and the second heat insulation space 221, and the second heat transfer valve 252 can be signal connected to the controller 27.

[0052] Through the structure provided in this specific embodiment, the controller 27 can further control the second heat transfer valve 252, thereby preventing overcooling or overheating phenomena inside the energy storage device 1. That is, when the second temperature detection element 262 detects that the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the second heat transfer valve 252 is used to discharge excess energy to the outside, forming a reasonable temperature gradient between the first energy storage device 3, the second energy storage device 4 and the outside, so as to adapt to the usage requirements of different scenarios, and reduce the probability of the energy storage device 1 being affected by overcooling or overheating, thus improving the stability of the energy storage device 1.

[0053] In a specific embodiment of this application, the main body 2 of the device may further be provided with a third temperature zone, the temperature of which is between the temperature of the second temperature zone and the ambient temperature. The main body 2 of the device also includes a third insulation component 23, a third heat transfer valve 253, and a third temperature detection component 263. The third insulation component 23 has a third insulation space 231, and the third temperature zone includes the third insulation space 231. The insulation performance of the second insulation space 221 is greater than that of the third insulation space 231. The third insulation space 231 is used to accommodate the third energy storage component 5 and the third temperature detection component 263. The two ends of the third heat transfer valve 253 are respectively connected to the third insulation space 231 and the second insulation space 221. The third heat transfer valve 253 and the third temperature detection component 263 are signal-connected to the controller 27.

[0054] By utilizing the structure provided in this specific embodiment, the third temperature zone is further combined with the first and second temperature zones to form a more diverse temperature gradient structure in the energy storage device 1. The first energy storage component 3, the second energy storage component 4, and the third energy storage component 5 can adapt to the usage requirements of different scenarios, thereby improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0055] For example, when energy storage device 1 is a cold storage device, the temperature of the first energy storage component 3 is extremely low, which can be used for scenarios with high demand for cold energy, such as quick freezing and environmental cooling. However, when directly cooling the human body, the excessively low temperature of the first energy storage component 3 can easily cause frostbite, which is detrimental to the user's health. The second energy storage component 4 and the third energy storage component 5, which have relatively higher temperatures, can meet the human body's cooling needs.

[0056] The same principle applies when the energy storage device 1 is a thermal storage device. Different usage scenarios, such as environmental heating, human body heating, cooking food, and defrosting, have different temperature requirements. Distinguishing between different temperature zones can reduce the energy loss of the energy storage device 1 while better adapting to the needs of different usage scenarios.

[0057] In one specific embodiment of this application, the energy storage device 1 may further include a fourth heat transfer valve 254. The number of third insulation elements 23 may be multiple, with each third insulation element 23 sequentially fitted over the second insulation element 22. Two adjacent third insulation spaces 231 are connected via the fourth heat transfer valve 254, which is signal-connected to the controller 27. Furthermore, there may be multiple third insulation spaces 231, thereby providing the energy storage device 1 with more precise temperature control methods. This allows for flexible adjustment of the temperature at different locations within the energy storage device 1, thereby reducing energy loss while improving the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0058] In one specific embodiment of this application, the energy storage device 1 may further include a heat-conducting fluid, which may be contained in a first insulation space 211, a second insulation space 221, and a third insulation space 231. The heat-conducting fluid may flow between the first insulation space 211, the second insulation space 221, and the third insulation space 231 through a first heat transfer valve 251, a third heat transfer valve 253, and a fourth heat transfer valve 254.

[0059] By using the structure provided in this specific embodiment, a heat-conducting fluid is used as the carrier for energy flow within the energy storage device 1, thereby improving the efficiency of energy transfer between the first heat transfer valve 251, the third heat transfer valve 253, and the fourth heat transfer valve 254 in the first insulation space 211, the second insulation space 221, and the third insulation space 231. This improves the efficiency of temperature control in each area of ​​the energy storage device 1 and enhances the availability of the energy storage device 1.

[0060] Optionally, at least one of the first energy storage device 3, the second energy storage device 4, and the third energy storage device 5 can be a phase change energy storage device. The phase change energy storage device contains a phase change material and can store and release energy by utilizing the latent heat of phase change absorbed or released by the phase change material during the phase change process, which is a latent heat energy storage method. Compared to general sensible heat energy storage, phase change energy storage devices, while storing sensible heat simply through temperature changes, can also store latent heat through the phase change of the phase change material, resulting in higher energy storage density. Compared to sensible heat energy storage devices at the same temperature, phase change energy storage devices can store more energy, significantly improving the energy density of the energy storage device 1.

[0061] In this application, the terms "embodiment" and "implementation" mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of these phrases in various locations throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in the various embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined to form yet another embodiment that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application, provided there is no contradiction between them.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of this application should not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Including the main body of the device (2), The main body (2) of the device is provided with a first temperature zone and a second temperature zone, wherein the second temperature zone is located between the first temperature zone and the outside environment. The temperature of the second temperature zone is between the temperature of the first temperature zone and the ambient temperature, and the insulation performance of the first temperature zone is greater than that of the second temperature zone.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (2) of the device also includes an energy conductor (24), the first temperature zone is used to accommodate the first energy storage device (3), the energy conductor (24) is used to connect to an external energy source, the energy conductor (24) and the first energy storage device (3) are accommodated in the first temperature zone, and the first energy storage device (3) is accommodated between the energy conductor (24) and the inner wall of the main body (2) forming the first temperature zone.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body (2) of the device includes a first insulation component (21) and a second insulation component (22). The first insulation component (21) has a first insulation space (211) and the first temperature zone includes the first insulation space (211). The second insulation component (22) has a second insulation space (221) and the second temperature zone includes the second insulation space (221). The first insulation space (211) is used to accommodate the first energy storage component (3), and the second insulation space (221) is used to accommodate the second energy storage component (4). The first insulation component (21) is provided with a first slot (212), the first insulation space (211) is at least partially located in the first slot (212), and the first slot (212) is used for detachable connection with the first energy storage component (3); and / or, the second insulation component (22) is provided with a second slot (222), the second insulation space (221) is at least partially located in the second slot (222), and the second slot (222) is used for detachable connection with the second energy storage component (4).

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the first slots (212) is at least one and corresponds one-to-one with the first energy storage component (3). The energy conduction component (24) includes a heat exchange pipe (241), which passes through the first heat insulation space (211) and surrounds the heat exchange pipe (241) on the outer periphery.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first insulation component (21), the first energy storage component (3), and the second energy storage component (4) are disposed in the second insulation space (221), and the first energy storage component (3), the first insulation component (21), and the second energy storage component (4) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main body (2) of the device also includes a first heat transfer valve (251), a first temperature detection element (261), a second temperature detection element (262), and a controller (27). The two ends of the first heat transfer valve (251) are respectively connected to the first heat insulation space (211) and the second heat insulation space (221). The first temperature detection element (261) is disposed in the first heat insulation space (211), and the second temperature detection element (262) is disposed in the second heat insulation space (221). The controller (27) is signal connected to the first heat transfer valve (251), the first temperature detection element (261), and the second temperature detection element (262).

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main body (2) of the device also includes a second heat transfer valve (252), the two ends of which are connected to the outside and the second heat insulation space (221) respectively, and the second heat transfer valve (252) is signal-connected to the controller (27).

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main body (2) of the device is provided with a third temperature zone, the temperature of which is between the temperature of the second temperature zone and the ambient temperature. The main body (2) of the device also includes a third insulation component (23), a third heat transfer valve (253), and a third temperature detection component (263). The third insulation component (23) is provided with a third insulation space (231). The third temperature zone includes the third insulation space (231). The insulation performance of the second insulation space (221) is greater than that of the third insulation space (231). The third insulation space (231) is used to accommodate the third energy storage component (5) and the third temperature detection component (263). The two ends of the third heat transfer valve (253) are respectively connected to the third insulation space (231) and the second insulation space (221). The third heat transfer valve (253) and the third temperature detection component (263) are signal connected to the controller (27).

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The energy storage device (1) further includes a fourth heat transfer valve (254). There are multiple third insulation components (23). Each of the multiple third insulation components (23) is fitted over the second insulation component (22). Two adjacent third insulation spaces (231) are connected through the fourth heat transfer valve (254). The fourth heat transfer valve (254) is signal-connected to the controller (27).

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The energy storage device (1) further includes a heat-conducting fluid, which is contained in the first insulation space (211), the second insulation space (221), and the third insulation space (231), and the heat-conducting fluid can flow between the first insulation space (211), the second insulation space (221), and the third insulation space (231) through the first heat transfer valve (251), the third heat transfer valve (253), and the fourth heat transfer valve (254).

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