A high-precision centering fine-tuning surveying and mapping flagpole

Abstract

The utility model belongs to surveying and mapping instrument technical field especially relates to a high accuracy centering fine adjustment surveying and mapping staff, in view of how realizes the switchable control of two degrees of freedom of radial and circumferential in the process of centering fine adjustment, guarantees the problem of stable position after adjustment, present the following scheme, including rotating base, positioning outer ring, fine adjustment shell, staff body and counter weight, be equipped with radial fine adjustment subassembly in rotating base, be equipped with circumferential fine adjustment subassembly between rotating base and positioning outer ring, be equipped with fine adjustment switching subassembly in fine adjustment shell, fine adjustment switching subassembly selects one radial fine adjustment subassembly or circumferential fine adjustment subassembly and realizes polar coordinate type centering fine adjustment. The utility model solves the problem of low efficiency, non-intuitive operation, easy deviation of position after adjustment of the existing surveying and mapping staff centering fine adjustment, has the advantages of intuitive operation, gravity self-balancing, self-locking reliable, gear clear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a surveying benchmark, specifically a high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark, belonging to the field of surveying instrument technology. Background Technology

[0002] Surveying poles are fundamental tools used in engineering surveying, topographic mapping, and construction to indicate measurement points and for centering. Their core function is to ensure the precise alignment of the pole's base with the measurement point on the ground, while maintaining the pole's verticality to guarantee the accuracy of the measurement data. In precision surveying operations, the centering accuracy of the pole directly affects the reliability of subsequent measurement results, especially in scenarios with high precision requirements such as deformation monitoring and equipment installation layout, where centering errors are often required to be controlled to the millimeter level or even smaller. Existing surveying poles typically consist of a pole body and a pointed base. In use, the pointed base is inserted into the ground or placed directly on the measurement point, and the pole is aligned by moving the tripod or adjusting the legs. This traditional method is cumbersome, inefficient, and struggles to achieve high-precision centering.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, several existing technologies have developed surveying benchmark solutions with fine-tuning capabilities. For example, CN218955776U discloses a benchmark for improving surveying accuracy, comprising a circular support, a circular rotating platform at the top of the support, a support plate at the center of the rotating platform's surface, and a T-shaped connecting plate at the bottom of the support plate. The connecting plate passes through the top of the rotating platform and is fixedly connected to an adjusting gear. Gear slots are formed on both sides of the bottom of the rotating platform, and the adjusting gears sequentially abut against the corresponding slots. A transverse guide groove is provided inside the rotating platform, and the adjusting gears, through rolling engagement, drive the support plate to move along the guide groove. Furthermore, a planetary gear set is installed inside the support to rotate the rotating platform, aligning the guide groove with the line connecting the object to be measured and the surveyor, thus enabling fine-tuning of the benchmark's position. While this solution achieves both radial movement and circumferential rotation adjustment functions, the engagement of the adjusting gears with the gear slots is a single-point drive, resulting in uneven force distribution during adjustment and a lack of an effective locking mechanism. After adjustment, the benchmark is prone to displacement due to external forces. For example, CN212692891U discloses a measuring and mapping pole with fine-tuning position, including a base, a support cylinder at the top of the base, a lifting rod movably connected to the top of the support cylinder, a support plate at the top of the lifting rod, a mounting plate above the support plate, a fixing ring above the mounting plate, a collar inserted inside the fixing ring, and a pole inserted inside the collar. A fine-tuning mechanism allows the pole to move horizontally. This mechanism includes two fixed seats, a lead screw, a rotary knob, a slide block, a locking block, and a locking groove. The two fixed seats are connected by the lead screw, and slide blocks connected to the bottom of the mounting plate are symmetrically fitted on the lead screw. Rotating the lead screw drives the slide blocks, which in turn move the mounting plate and the pole. This solution only achieves radial linear movement fine-tuning in a single direction and lacks circumferential rotation fine-tuning functionality. Its adjustment dimension is limited, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive centering requirements in actual surveying operations. Furthermore, there is a logical disconnect between the existing adjustment method and the operator's visual observation. When the target is observed to deviate from the measuring point, the operator needs to decompose the deviation vector into two vertical components and adjust them separately. The adjustment path is a broken line rather than an optimal straight line, resulting in low operational efficiency. Moreover, there is a lack of effective center of gravity balance design. After the target moves, the center of gravity of the entire device shifts, which can easily cause the device to tip over or generate additional torque during the adjustment process, interfering with the adjustment accuracy. Therefore, how to achieve more intuitive, efficient, and stable centering fine-tuning while ensuring adjustment accuracy, and at the same time solve the technical problems of center of gravity balance and position maintenance, has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark to solve the problem of how to achieve switchable control of two degrees of freedom, radial and circumferential, during the centering and fine-tuning process, while ensuring the stability of the position after adjustment.

[0005] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying and mapping benchmark, including a rotating base, a radial fine-tuning component inside the rotating base, a positioning outer ring coaxially sleeved on the rotating base, a circumferential fine-tuning component between the rotating base and the positioning outer ring, a fine-tuning shell fixedly connected to the outer ring of the positioning outer ring, a fine-tuning switching component inside the fine-tuning shell, and the fine-tuning switching component selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning component or the circumferential fine-tuning component;

[0006] The radial fine-tuning assembly includes radial fine-tuning pull plates arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, and a meshing drive unit is provided between the two radial fine-tuning pull plates. One radial fine-tuning pull plate is connected to a vertically upward-positioned marker rod, and the other radial fine-tuning pull plate is connected to a vertically downward-positioned counterweight.

[0007] The circumferential fine-tuning component includes a circumferential fine-tuning rack and a circumferential fine-tuning gear. The circumferential fine-tuning rack is located on the bottom surface of the outer convex edge of the top of the rotating base. The circumferential fine-tuning gear is rotatably connected to the ring body of the positioning outer ring, and part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning rack.

[0008] The fine-tuning switching assembly includes an axially sliding friction wheel link and a friction wheel connected to its end. The friction wheel is selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning assembly or the circumferential fine-tuning assembly under the drive of the friction wheel link.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the rotating base has a radially extending movable groove for the pull plate and a pull plate limiting cavity connected to the movable groove for the pull plate, which are centrally symmetrically arranged inside. The front ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates are respectively slidably assembled in the movable groove for the pull plate, and the tail ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates are respectively slidably assembled in the pull plate limiting cavity. The two radially fine-tuning pull plates are limited by the pull plate limiting cavity and move linearly in the radial direction.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the meshing drive unit includes a radial fine-tuning gear, which is rotatably mounted in a rotating base. Each of the two radial fine-tuning pull plates has a pull plate rack in the middle part of its body, and the two pull plate racks are respectively meshed with the opposite sides of the radial fine-tuning gear.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a vertically upward-extending positioning rod is fixedly connected to one of the radial fine-tuning pull plates, and a positioning groove is provided on the rod body; a marker insertion hole is provided at the bottom of the marker rod body, the upper end of the positioning rod is inserted into the marker insertion hole, a locking screw is transversely inserted through the side wall of the marker rod body, and the end of the locking screw extends into the positioning groove and locks in place; a counterweight base is fixedly connected to the other radial fine-tuning pull plate, and a vertically downward-extending counterweight connecting screw is fixedly connected to the counterweight base, the counterweight block is detachably connected to the lower end of the counterweight base through the counterweight connecting screw, and when the counterweight block is in the tightened state, it is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the rotating base.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the outer ring of the positioning ring is provided with a connected gear cavity and a friction wheel movable cavity. The circumferential fine-tuning gear is rotatably installed in the gear cavity, and some of the teeth of the circumferential fine-tuning gear extend out of the gear cavity and mesh with the circumferential fine-tuning rack. A gear disk is rotatably connected in the friction wheel movable cavity, and the gear disk meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning gear. The friction wheel is movably installed in the friction wheel movable cavity, and the friction wheel slides axially in the friction wheel movable cavity under the drive of the friction wheel connecting rod.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the fine-tuning switching component also includes a rotating ring and a rotating gear. The rotating rings are symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower distribution. The rotating rings are sleeved on the base of the rotating base and are rotatably connected to the rotating base. The rotating gear is synchronously connected to the radial fine-tuning gear. The inner ring of the rotating ring is provided with an annular indexing rack and an annular friction surface. The inner disc of the gear disk is provided with an inward concave friction surface. The friction wheel, driven by the friction wheel connecting rod, selectively contacts and engages with either the annular friction surface or the inward concave friction surface. The radial fine-tuning gear and the rotating gear are coaxially and fixedly connected by a gear connecting rod. The rotating gear is located between the upper and lower rotating rings and simultaneously meshes with the annular indexing racks of both rotating rings.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a rotating sleeve and a meshing worm gear and worm are also provided inside the fine-tuning housing. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected inside the fine-tuning housing, the worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the tube body of the rotating sleeve, the rod body of the friction wheel connecting rod moves through the rotating sleeve, and a fine-tuning rotating rod is coaxially connected to the worm. The fine-tuning rotating end of the fine-tuning rotating rod and the movable end of the friction wheel connecting rod both extend outside the fine-tuning housing.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model: the inner wall of the rotating sleeve is provided with a limiting block, and the rod body of the friction wheel connecting rod is provided with a limiting groove along the axial direction. The limiting block is embedded in the limiting groove, and three sets of positioning holes are provided at intervals along the axial direction in the limiting groove. An elastic positioning protrusion is connected to the limiting block. The elastic positioning protrusion is selectively locked in the positioning hole at different positions to correspond to the three working conditions of radial fine adjustment, circumferential fine adjustment and neutral.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, multiple support feet are fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning outer ring, and the support feet are evenly distributed radially.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model is equipped with a rotating base, a radial fine-tuning component, a positioning outer ring, a circumferential fine-tuning component, and a fine-tuning shell. The fine-tuning shell is equipped with a fine-tuning switching component. The fine-tuning switching component can be selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning component or the circumferential fine-tuning component to realize a polar coordinate centering fine-tuning architecture. The operator only needs to push and pull the friction wheel connecting rod to freely switch between radial fine-tuning and circumferential fine-tuning without changing the operating parts. Moreover, the adjustment logic is completely consistent with visual observation - first rotate the direction and then advance radially, which conforms to the operating intuition and greatly improves the centering efficiency and operation convenience on the surveying site.

[0019] 2. The radial fine-tuning component of this utility model includes radial fine-tuning pull plates arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. A meshing drive unit is provided between the two radial fine-tuning pull plates. One radial fine-tuning pull plate is connected to the vertically upward-positioned marker rod, and the other radial fine-tuning pull plate is connected to the vertically downward-positioned counterweight. When the meshing drive unit is activated, the two radial fine-tuning pull plates move synchronously in opposite directions. That is, when the marker rod moves radially to one side, the counterweight moves synchronously to the other side. The counterweight can counteract the eccentric torque generated by the movement of the marker rod, so that the center of gravity of the entire rotating base is always kept on the central axis. This avoids the entire surveying marker from tilting due to instability of the center of gravity caused by the offset of the marker rod. This improves the stability of the entire surveying marker during radial fine-tuning, and is particularly suitable for precision surveying operations with long marker rods or in windy environments.

[0020] 3. The circumferential fine-tuning component of this utility model includes a circumferential fine-tuning rack and a circumferential fine-tuning gear. The circumferential fine-tuning rack is located on the bottom surface of the outer convex edge of the top of the rotating base. The circumferential fine-tuning gear is rotatably connected to the ring body of the positioning outer ring, and part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning rack. When the circumferential fine-tuning gear rotates, since the positioning outer ring is fixed, the rotating base will rotate circumferentially around its axis under the drive of the rack, thereby realizing the fine-tuning of the pointing angle of the marker rod. The circumferential fine-tuning rack is hidden in the annular space between the rotating base and the positioning outer ring. Part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear extends out and meshes with the rack, ensuring sufficient meshing depth and transmission torque, so that the circumferential adjustment can be more precise. During the adjustment process, the rotation axis of the rotating base remains unchanged and no additional radial offset is introduced.

[0021] 4. The fine-tuning switching component of this utility model includes an axially sliding friction wheel connecting rod and a friction wheel connected to its end. Under the drive of the friction wheel connecting rod, the friction wheel can be selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning component or the circumferential fine-tuning component. When the friction wheel slides axially to contact the transmission interface of the radial fine-tuning component, operating the fine-tuning lever can drive the radial fine-tuning component to work; when the friction wheel slides to contact the transmission interface of the circumferential fine-tuning component, the same operation action is switched to drive the circumferential fine-tuning component. As a transmission element, the friction transmission between the friction wheel and the mating surface also has an overload protection function, so that the entire fine-tuning process can complete the precise adjustment of both radial and circumferential degrees of freedom through the fine-tuning switching component, simplifying the operation process of centering fine-tuning and improving operation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating base in its unadjusted state according to this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating base for fine-tuning of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted structure of the rotating base of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted transverse cross-sectional structure of the rotating base of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the connection between the positioning rod and the counterweight base of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating gear and the upper and lower rotating rings of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning outer ring and the fine-tuning outer shell of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a side cross-sectional view of the positioning outer ring and the fine-tuning outer shell of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the positioning outer ring and the internal connecting parts of the fine-tuning shell of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the friction wheel connecting rod and the rotating sleeve of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 12This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the positioning rod and the marker rod body of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Rotating base; 11. Pull plate movable groove; 12. Pull plate limiting cavity; 13. Radial fine-tuning gear; 14. Positioning rod; 15. Positioning groove; 16. Radial fine-tuning pull plate; 17. Counterweight base; 18. Counterweight connecting screw; 19. Rotary ring; 110. Circumferential fine-tuning rack; 111. Pull plate rack; 112. Annular indexing rack; 113. Annular friction surface; 114. Rotating gear; 115. Gear connecting rod; 2. Positioning outer ring; 21. Circumferential... 22. Fine-tuning gear; 23. Gear cavity; 3. Friction wheel movable cavity; 3. Fine-tuning outer shell; 31. Friction wheel connecting rod; 32. Fine-tuning rotating rod; 33. Friction wheel; 34. Gear disk; 35. Rotating sleeve; 36. Worm gear; 37. Worm; 38. Concave friction surface; 39. Limiting groove; 310. Positioning hole; 311. Limiting block; 312. Elastic positioning protrusion; 4. Marker rod body; 41. Marker insertion hole; 42. Locking screw; 5. Support foot; 6. Counterweight. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark includes a rotating base 1, a radial fine-tuning component inside the rotating base 1, a positioning outer ring 2 coaxially sleeved on the rotating base 1, a circumferential fine-tuning component between the rotating base 1 and the positioning outer ring 2, a fine-tuning shell 3 fixedly connected to the outer ring of the positioning outer ring 2, and a fine-tuning switching component inside the fine-tuning shell 3. The fine-tuning switching component can be selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning component or the circumferential fine-tuning component. It should be noted that the ring of the positioning outer ring 2 is sleeved on the rotating base 1, and the two can rotate relative to each other. The sleeved part of the positioning outer ring 2 and the rotating base 1 is limited by bearings or groove docking, ensuring that the rotating base 1 can only rotate circumferentially within the positioning outer ring 2, realizing a polar coordinate centering and fine-tuning architecture. This allows the radial and circumferential fine-tuning to work together to achieve high-precision centering and fine-tuning. The operator only needs to operate the fine-tuning switching component to select different fine-tuning modes, improving the centering efficiency on the surveying site.

[0038] The radial fine-tuning assembly includes radial fine-tuning pull plates 16 arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. A meshing drive unit is provided between the two radial fine-tuning pull plates 16. One radial fine-tuning pull plate 16 is connected to the vertically upward-positioned marker rod 4, and the other radial fine-tuning pull plate 16 is connected to the vertically downward-positioned counterweight block 6. When the meshing drive unit is activated, the two radial fine-tuning pull plates 16 move synchronously in opposite directions. That is, when the marker rod 4 moves radially to one side, the counterweight block 6 moves synchronously to the other side. The counterweight block 6 can counteract the eccentric torque generated by the movement of the marker rod 4, so that the center of gravity of the entire rotating base 1 is always kept on the central axis. This prevents the entire surveying marker from tipping over due to instability of the center of gravity caused by the offset of the marker rod 4. This improves the stability of the entire surveying marker during the radial fine-tuning process, making it particularly suitable for precision surveying operations with long markers or in windy environments.

[0039] The circumferential fine-tuning component includes a circumferential fine-tuning rack 110 and a circumferential fine-tuning gear 21. The circumferential fine-tuning rack 110 is located on the bottom surface of the outer convex edge of the top of the rotating base 1. The circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 is rotatably connected to the ring body of the positioning outer ring 2, and part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning rack 110. When the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 rotates, since the positioning outer ring 2 is fixed, the rotating base 1 will rotate circumferentially around its axis under the drive of the rack, thereby realizing the fine-tuning of the pointing angle of the pointer rod 4. The circumferential fine-tuning rack 110 is hidden in the annular space between the rotating base 1 and the positioning outer ring 2. Part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 extends out and meshes with the rack, ensuring sufficient meshing depth and transmission torque, so that the circumferential adjustment can be more precise. During the adjustment process, the rotation axis of the rotating base 1 remains unchanged and no additional radial offset is introduced.

[0040] The fine-tuning switching assembly includes an axially sliding friction wheel connecting rod 31 and a friction wheel 33 connected to its end. Under the drive of the friction wheel connecting rod 31, the friction wheel 33 can be selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning assembly or the circumferential fine-tuning assembly. When the friction wheel 33 slides axially to contact the transmission interface of the radial fine-tuning assembly, operating the fine-tuning lever 32 can drive the radial fine-tuning assembly to work. When the friction wheel 33 slides to contact the transmission interface of the circumferential fine-tuning assembly, the same operation is switched to drive the circumferential fine-tuning assembly. As a transmission element, the friction transmission between the friction wheel 33 and the mating surface also has an overload protection function, so that the entire fine-tuning process can be completed through the fine-tuning switching assembly to achieve precise adjustment of both radial and circumferential degrees of freedom, simplifying the operation process of centering fine-tuning and improving operation efficiency.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Improvements based on Example 1:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the rotating base 1 has a radially extending pull plate movable groove 11 and a pull plate limiting cavity 12 connected to the pull plate movable groove 11, which are centrally symmetrically arranged inside. The front ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates 16 are respectively slidably assembled in the pull plate movable groove 11, and the tail ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates 16 are respectively slidably assembled in the pull plate limiting cavity 12. The two radially fine-tuning pull plates 16 are limited by the pull plate limiting cavity 12 and move radially in a straight line. The pull plate movable groove 11 extends radially and is centrally symmetrically arranged to ensure that the movement directions of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates 16 are strictly collinear and opposite, so that the movement trajectories of the marker rod 4 and the counterweight 6 are completely coincident on the same diameter line, thereby maximally offsetting the eccentric torque. The pull plate limiting cavity 12 not only provides a limiting function, but also limits the maximum radial stroke of the radially fine-tuning pull plate 16, avoiding the risk of disengagement of the meshing drive unit or disengagement of the radially fine-tuning pull plate 16 due to over-adjustment.

[0044] Furthermore, the meshing drive unit includes a radial fine-tuning gear 13, which is rotatably mounted in the rotating base 1. Each of the two radial fine-tuning pull plates 16 has a pull plate rack 111 in the middle of its body. The two pull plate racks 111 mesh with the opposite sides of the radial fine-tuning gear 13. By simultaneously meshing the radial fine-tuning gear 13 with the two pull plate racks 111, when the radial fine-tuning gear 13 rotates, the two pull plate racks 111, located on opposite sides of the gear, move in opposite directions at the same linear velocity. This ensures that the target pole 4 and the counterweight 6 undergo synchronous radial displacement, thereby maintaining the stability of the entire surveying target pole's center of gravity and avoiding additional overturning torque caused by the target pole's movement. Moreover, the meshing transmission between the radial fine-tuning gear 13 and the pull plate racks 111 has higher transmission efficiency and smaller backlash, ensuring high-precision radial fine-tuning can be achieved.

[0045] Furthermore, a vertically upward-extending positioning rod 14 is fixedly connected to one of the radial fine-tuning pull plates 16, and a positioning groove 15 is formed on the rod body of the positioning rod 14; a marker insertion hole 41 is formed at the bottom of the marker rod body 4, the upper end of the positioning rod 14 is inserted into the marker insertion hole 41, a locking screw 42 is transversely inserted through the side wall of the marker rod body 4, and the end of the locking screw 42 extends into the positioning groove 15 and locks in place; a counterweight base 17 is fixedly connected to the other radial fine-tuning pull plate 16, and a vertically downward-extending counterweight connecting screw 18 is fixedly connected to the counterweight base 17, and the counterweight block 6 is detachably connected to the lower end of the counterweight base 17 through the counterweight connecting screw 18, and the counterweight block 6 is in a position where When tightened, the positioning rod 14 fits tightly against the bottom surface of the rotating base 1. The insertion and engagement of the positioning rod 14 with the marker rod insertion hole 41 enables quick installation and disassembly. The engagement of the positioning groove 15 with the locking screw 42 provides axial and circumferential double locking to prevent the marker rod 4 from loosening or rotating during use. The combination of the counterweight base 17 and the counterweight connecting screw 18 allows the counterweight block 6 to be easily replaced with different masses to accommodate marker rods 4 of different lengths or weights. After tightening, the counterweight block 6 fits tightly against the bottom surface of the rotating base 1, which not only balances the center of gravity but also assists in locking the position of the counterweight base 17 through friction, thereby enabling the locking and positioning of the positioning rod 14 after it has moved.

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the outer positioning ring 2 has a connected gear cavity 22 and a friction wheel movable cavity 23. The circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 is rotatably installed in the gear cavity 22, and some of the teeth of the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 extend out of the gear cavity 22 and mesh with the circumferential fine-tuning rack 110. A gear disk 34 is rotatably connected in the friction wheel movable cavity 23, and the gear disk 34 meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21. The friction wheel 33 is movably installed in the friction wheel movable cavity 23, and the friction wheel 33 moves within the friction wheel movable cavity 23 under the drive of the friction wheel connecting rod 31. The gear cavity 22 is connected to the friction wheel movable cavity 23, allowing the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21, gear disk 34, and friction wheel 33 to be arranged in a compact cavity space. The gear disk 34 meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21, forming a two-stage reduction transmission chain. When the friction wheel 33 drives the gear disk 34 to rotate, the gear disk 34 drives the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21, which in turn drives the circumferential fine-tuning rack 110 to achieve circumferential rotation of the rotating base 1, thus achieving more precise angular displacement control.

[0047] Furthermore, the fine-tuning switching assembly also includes a rotating ring 19 and a rotating gear 114. The rotating ring 19 is symmetrically arranged in an up-down distribution and is fitted onto the base of the rotating base 1, with the rotating ring 19 rotatably connected to the rotating base 1. The rotating gear 114 is synchronously connected to the radial fine-tuning gear 13. The inner ring of the rotating ring 19 is provided with an annular indexing rack 112 and an annular friction surface 113. The inner ring of the gear disk 34 is provided with an inwardly concave friction surface 38. The friction wheel 33, driven by the friction wheel connecting rod 31, selectively contacts the annular friction surface 113. The radial fine-tuning gear 13 and the rotating gear 114 are coaxially fixedly connected by a gear connecting rod 115. The rotating gear 114 is located between the upper and lower rotating rings 19, and the rotating gear 114 meshes with the annular indexing racks 112 of the two rotating rings 19. The two rotating rings 19, which are arranged symmetrically, mesh with the rotating gear 114 through the annular indexing racks 112 on their inner sides. It should be noted that the base of the rotating base 1 has an annular groove, and the two rotating rings 19 are rotated and locked in place. Within the groove, this dual-sided drive mechanism ensures symmetrical force distribution on the rotating gear 114, eliminating axial off-center load and guaranteeing the smoothness of rotation. Simultaneously, the annular friction surfaces 113 of the two rotating rings 19 are located on the upper and lower sides respectively. The friction wheel 33 transmits power through contact with the annular friction surface 113; that is, the radial fine-tuning transmission path is the frictional transmission between the friction wheel 33 and the annular friction surface 113, thereby driving the rotating ring 19 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the annular indexing rack 112 to mesh with the rotating gear 114, driving the rotating gear 114 to rotate. 14 rotates synchronously with the radial fine-tuning gear 13, thereby causing the radial fine-tuning gear 13 to mesh with the pull plate rack 111 to drive the radial fine-tuning pull plate 16 to move; when the friction wheel 33 contacts the concave friction surface 38, it switches to the circumferential fine-tuning path. The friction transmission between the friction wheel 33 and the concave friction surface 38 drives the gear disk 34 to mesh with the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 and the circumferential fine-tuning rack 110, thereby causing the rotating base 1 to rotate circumferentially. The two transmission paths can be switched by the axial sliding of the friction wheel 33, which is convenient for operation and use.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figures 9 to 12As shown, the fine-tuning housing 3 also includes a rotating sleeve 35 and a meshing worm gear 36 and worm 37. The rotating sleeve 35 is rotatably connected inside the fine-tuning housing 3, and the worm gear 36 is fixedly sleeved on the body of the rotating sleeve 35. The rod of the friction wheel connecting rod 31 moves through the rotating sleeve 35. The worm 37 is coaxially connected to a fine-tuning rotating rod 32. The fine-tuning rotating end of the fine-tuning rotating rod 32 and the movable end of the friction wheel connecting rod 31 both extend outside the fine-tuning housing 3. Utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear 36 and worm 37, when the operator rotates the fine-tuning... When the lever 32 is turned, the worm 37 drives the worm wheel 36 to rotate, which in turn drives the friction wheel connecting rod 31 and the friction wheel 33 to rotate through the rotating sleeve 35, thus completing the fine-tuning action. Once the operator stops rotating, even if external vibration or gas interference attempts to reverse the friction wheel 33, it will be prevented by the self-locking action of the worm wheel 36 and the worm 37, thereby keeping the fine-tuned position stable. The fine-tuning rotating end of the fine-tuning lever 32 and the movable end of the friction wheel connecting rod 31 both extend outside the fine-tuning housing 3, allowing the operator to easily hold and operate them.

[0049] Furthermore, the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 35 is provided with a limiting block 311, and a limiting groove 39 is formed along the axial direction on the rod body of the friction wheel connecting rod 31. The limiting block 311 is embedded in the limiting groove 39. Three sets of positioning holes 310 are spaced apart along the axial direction in the limiting groove 39. An elastic positioning protrusion 312 is connected to the limiting block 311. The elastic positioning protrusion 312 selectively engages in the positioning holes 310 at different positions to correspond to three working conditions: radial fine adjustment, circumferential fine adjustment, and neutral. The limiting block 311 is embedded in the limiting groove 39, so that the friction wheel connecting rod 31... The rotating sleeve 35 can only slide axially and cannot rotate relative to it, thus ensuring the reliable transmission of torque from the rotating sleeve 35 to the friction wheel connecting rod 31. The three sets of positioning holes 310 spaced axially in the limiting groove 39 cooperate with the elastic positioning protrusions 312 on the limiting block 311. When the operator pushes or pulls the friction wheel connecting rod 31, the elastic positioning protrusions 312 will slide through each positioning hole 310 in sequence, and when entering a certain positioning hole 310, they will make a "click" sound and a clear change in resistance, so that the operator can clearly feel that the corresponding gear has been entered. The specific correspondence of the three working conditions is as follows: taking the side of the friction wheel 33 closest to the rotating ring 19 as the front end, the three sets of positioning holes 310 are defined sequentially as the first set of positioning holes 310 at the front end, the middle set of positioning holes 310, and the third set of positioning holes 310 at the rear end. When the elastic positioning protrusion 312 is engaged in the middle set of positioning holes 310, the friction wheel 33 is not in contact with either of them and is in neutral. This can prevent accidental operation. When the friction wheel 33 is pushed towards the annular friction surface 113 and the two are in close frictional contact, the elastic positioning protrusion 312 is engaged in the first set of positioning holes 310 at the front end and is in radial fine-tuning mode. When the friction wheel 33 is pushed towards the concave friction surface 38 and the two are in close frictional contact, the elastic positioning protrusion 312 is engaged in the third set of positioning holes 310 at the rear end and is in circumferential fine-tuning mode. This gear positioning mechanism ensures that the friction wheel connecting rod 31 will not move axially on its own, causing unexpected mode switching.

[0050] Furthermore, multiple support feet 5 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning outer ring 2, and the support feet 5 are evenly distributed radially. This ensures that the weight of the entire surveying pole is evenly transmitted to each support foot 5 through the positioning outer ring 2, and the load borne by each support foot 5 is approximately equal, avoiding the problem of individual support feet 5 sinking into soft ground due to uneven loading. Compared with the parallel distribution, the radial distribution has a larger ground span, which can provide a higher anti-overturning moment, ensuring the upright stability of the pole even on uneven ground.

[0051] Working principle: The operator first places the entire device stably on the ground using multiple radially evenly distributed support feet 5 according to the work requirements, ensuring that the positioning outer ring 2 remains fixed. Next, the operator aligns the marker insertion hole 41 at the bottom of the marker rod 4 with the upper end of the positioning rod 14 and inserts it. Then, the operator tightens the locking screw 42 that is horizontally inserted through the side wall of the marker rod 4, so that the end of the locking screw 42 extends into the positioning groove 15 on the positioning rod 14 to achieve a locking fit, thus completing the rigid connection between the marker rod 4 and the radial fine-tuning pull plate 16.

[0052] The operator switches the fine-tuning mode by pushing and pulling out the movable end of the friction wheel connecting rod 31 outside the fine-tuning housing 3: when neutral is needed to prevent accidental operation, the friction wheel connecting rod 31 is axially slid until the elastic positioning protrusion 312 is engaged in the positioning hole 310 of the middle group in the limiting groove 39. At this time, the friction wheel 33 is not in contact with the annular friction surface 113 and the concave friction surface 38. When radial fine-tuning is needed, the friction wheel connecting rod 31 is pushed forward until the elastic positioning protrusion 312 is engaged in the first group of positioning holes 310. At this time, the friction wheel 33 is in contact with the annular friction surface 113 on the inner side of the rotating ring 19. When circumferential fine-tuning is required, the friction wheel connecting rod 31 is pulled back until the elastic positioning protrusion 312 engages with the third set of positioning holes 310. At this time, the friction wheel 33 contacts the concave friction surface 38 on the inner side of the gear disk 34. After completing the mode switch, the operator rotates the fine-tuning rod 32, which drives the coaxially connected worm gear 37 to rotate. The worm gear 37 drives the meshing worm wheel 36 to rotate. Since the worm wheel 36 is fixedly sleeved on the tube body of the rotating sleeve 35, and the rotating sleeve 35 is rotatably connected inside the fine-tuning housing 3, the worm wheel 36 drives the rotating sleeve 35 to rotate synchronously. The torque of the rotating sleeve 35 is transmitted to the friction wheel connecting rod 31 through the cooperation of the limiting block 311 and the limiting groove 39, thereby driving the friction wheel 33 to rotate.

[0053] If the current mode is radial fine-tuning, the rotating friction wheel 33 drives the annular friction surface 113 in contact with it through friction transmission, causing the two symmetrically arranged rotating rings 19 coaxially sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating base 1 to rotate. The annular indexing rack 112 on the inner side of the rotating ring 19 simultaneously meshes with the rotating gear 114, driving the rotating gear 114 to rotate. The rotating gear 114 drives the radial fine-tuning gear 13 to rotate synchronously through the gear connecting rod 115 fixedly connected to the coaxial axis. The radial fine-tuning gear 13 and the two radial fine-tuning pull plates... The racks 111 of the pull plates in the middle of the plate body mesh simultaneously. Since the two racks 111 are located on opposite sides of the radial fine-tuning gear 13, the rotation of the radial fine-tuning gear 13 causes the two radial fine-tuning pull plates 16 to move synchronously in opposite directions. The radial fine-tuning pull plate 16 with the positioning rod 14 fixed thereon drives the marker rod 4 to move radially, while the other radial fine-tuning pull plate 16 with the counterweight base 17 fixed thereon drives the counterweight block 6 to move synchronously in opposite directions, thereby counteracting the eccentric torque and maintaining the stability of the center of gravity.

[0054] If the current mode is circumferential fine-tuning, the rotating friction wheel 33 drives the concave friction surface 38 in contact with it through friction transmission, which drives the gear disk 34 to rotate. The gear disk 34 meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21, driving the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 to rotate. Since part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 meshes with the circumferential fine-tuning rack 110 opened on the bottom surface of the outer convex edge of the top of the rotating base 1, and the positioning outer ring 2 is fixed, the rotation of the circumferential fine-tuning gear 21 drives the rotating base 1 to rotate circumferentially around its axis, thereby achieving precise fine-tuning of the pointing angle of the marker rod 4.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0056] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark, comprising a rotating base (1), characterized in that: The rotating base (1) is provided with a radial fine adjustment component. The rotating base (1) is coaxially sleeved with a positioning outer ring (2). A circumferential fine adjustment component is provided between the rotating base (1) and the positioning outer ring (2). A fine adjustment shell (3) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the positioning outer ring (2). A fine adjustment switching component is provided inside the fine adjustment shell (3). The fine adjustment switching component is selectively connected to either the radial fine adjustment component or the circumferential fine adjustment component. The radial fine-tuning component includes radial fine-tuning pull plates (16) arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. A meshing drive unit is provided between the two radial fine-tuning pull plates (16). One of the radial fine-tuning pull plates (16) is connected to the vertically upward-arranged marker rod (4), and the other radial fine-tuning pull plate (16) is connected to the vertically downward-arranged counterweight (6). The circumferential fine-tuning assembly includes a circumferential fine-tuning rack (110) and a circumferential fine-tuning gear (21). The circumferential fine-tuning rack (110) is opened on the bottom surface of the outer convex edge of the top of the rotating base (1). The circumferential fine-tuning gear (21) is rotatably connected to the ring body of the positioning outer ring (2), and part of the outer cam body of the circumferential fine-tuning gear (21) is meshed with the circumferential fine-tuning rack (110). The fine-tuning switching component includes an axially sliding friction wheel link (31) and a friction wheel (33) connected to its end. The friction wheel (33) is selectively connected to either the radial fine-tuning component or the circumferential fine-tuning component under the drive of the friction wheel link (31).

2. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating base (1) has a radially extending pull plate movable groove (11) and a pull plate limiting cavity (12) connected to the pull plate movable groove (11) in a centrally symmetrical shape. The front ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates (16) are respectively slidably assembled in the pull plate movable groove (11), and the tail ends of the two radially fine-tuning pull plates (16) are respectively slidably assembled in the pull plate limiting cavity (12). The two radially fine-tuning pull plates (16) are limited by the pull plate limiting cavity (12) and move radially in a straight line.

3. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meshing drive unit includes a radial fine-tuning gear (13), which is rotatably mounted in the rotating base (1). The middle part of the two radial fine-tuning pull plates (16) is provided with pull plate racks (111), and the two pull plate racks (111) are respectively meshed with the opposite sides of the radial fine-tuning gear (13).

4. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the radial fine-tuning pull plates (16) is fixedly connected to a vertically extending positioning rod (14), and a positioning groove (15) is provided on the rod body of the positioning rod (14); a marker insertion hole (41) is provided at the bottom of the marker rod body (4), the upper end of the positioning rod (14) is inserted into the marker insertion hole (41), and a locking screw (42) is transversely inserted through the side wall of the marker rod body (4), and the locking screw (42) The end extends into the positioning groove (15) and is locked in place; another radial fine-tuning pull plate (16) is fixedly connected to a counterweight base (17), and a counterweight connecting screw (18) extending vertically downward is fixedly connected to the counterweight base (17). The counterweight block (6) is detachably connected to the lower end of the counterweight base (17) through the counterweight connecting screw (18), and the counterweight block (6) is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the rotating base (1) when it is in the tightened state.

5. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning outer ring (2) has a connected gear cavity (22) and a friction wheel movable cavity (23) on its ring body. The circumferential fine adjustment gear (21) is rotatably installed in the gear cavity (22), and some of the teeth of the circumferential fine adjustment gear (21) extend out of the gear cavity (22) and mesh with the circumferential fine adjustment rack (110). A gear disk (34) is rotatably connected in the friction wheel movable cavity (23), and the gear disk (34) meshes with the circumferential fine adjustment gear (21). The friction wheel (33) is movably installed in the friction wheel movable cavity (23), and the friction wheel (33) slides axially in the friction wheel movable cavity (23) under the drive of the friction wheel connecting rod (31).

6. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fine-tuning switching assembly also includes a rotating ring (19) and a rotating gear (114). The rotating ring (19) is symmetrically arranged in an up-down distribution. The rotating ring (19) is sleeved on the seat of the rotating base (1) and is rotatably connected to the rotating base (1). The rotating gear (114) is synchronously connected to the radial fine-tuning gear (13). The inner ring of the rotating ring (19) is provided with an annular indexing rack (112) and an annular friction surface (113). The inner disc of the gear disk (34) has an annular indexing rack (112) and an annular friction surface (113). The body is provided with an inner concave friction surface (38); the friction wheel (33) is driven by the friction wheel connecting rod (31) to selectively contact and cooperate with the annular friction surface (113) or the inner concave friction surface (38). The radial fine adjustment gear (13) and the rotating gear (114) are coaxially fixedly connected by a gear connecting rod (115). The rotating gear (114) is located between the upper and lower rotating rings (19), and the rotating gear (114) is simultaneously meshed with the annular indexing rack (112) of the two rotating rings (19).

7. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine-tuning housing (3) is also provided with a rotating sleeve (35) and a meshing worm wheel (36) and worm (37). The rotating sleeve (35) is rotatably connected inside the fine-tuning housing (3). The worm wheel (36) is fixedly sleeved on the tube body of the rotating sleeve (35). The rod body of the friction wheel connecting rod (31) moves through the rotating sleeve (35). The worm (37) is coaxially connected to a fine-tuning rotating rod (32). The fine-tuning rotating end of the fine-tuning rotating rod (32) and the movable end of the friction wheel connecting rod (31) both extend outside the fine-tuning housing (3).

8. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotating sleeve (35) is provided with a limiting block (311). The friction wheel connecting rod (31) has a limiting groove (39) opened along the axial direction on the rod body. The limiting block (311) is embedded in the limiting groove (39). Three sets of positioning holes (310) are spaced apart along the axial direction in the limiting groove (39). An elastic positioning protrusion (312) is connected to the limiting block (311). The elastic positioning protrusion (312) is selectively inserted into the positioning holes (310) at different positions to correspond to the three working conditions of radial fine adjustment, circumferential fine adjustment and neutral.

9. The high-precision centering and fine-tuning surveying benchmark according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning outer ring (2) is fixedly connected to multiple support feet (5), and the support feet (5) are evenly distributed radially.

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