A device for preparing flame-retardant polyester yarn

Abstract

This utility model discloses an apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament, belonging to the technical field of polyester filament preparation apparatus. It includes a sheath screw mill, a core screw mill, a heating module, and a composite spinning device. The heating module comprises multiple synchronous heating units and independent heating units. The same synchronous heating unit is fixed to the outside of the barrels of the sheath screw mill and the core screw mill. The independent heating units are fixed to the output side of the synchronous heating units at the end. One or two independent heating units are respectively installed outside the barrels of the sheath screw mill and the core screw mill. The output ends of the sheath screw mill and the core screw mill are connected to the composite spinning device. This utility model's apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament can produce flame-retardant polyester filament with a sheath-core structure, where both the sheath and core layers possess flame-retardant properties, and the flame-retardant properties of the sheath and core layers can be adjusted according to requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model specifically relates to an apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament, belonging to the technical field of polyester filament preparation apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester fiber itself contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen structures, and its molecular structure does not contain phosphorus or nitrogen-based flame-retardant groups, nor does it have a highly heterocyclic flame-retardant structure. Therefore, polyester is a flammable material. Furthermore, the semi-crystalline nature of polyester results in poor flame retardancy and easy melting. Therefore, polyester fibers need to undergo special treatment to prepare flame-retardant polyester filaments, enabling them to prevent the spread of fire. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120158836A discloses a flame-retardant polyester fabric, the preparation method of which includes: 80-100 parts of PET polyester chips, 5-15 parts of ionic liquid modified magnesium hydroxide, and 1-5 parts of antioxidant are mixed evenly and then co-extruded and pelletized using a twin-screw extruder to obtain flame-retardant modified polyester masterbatch. Then, 70-90 parts of PET polyester chips and 10-30 parts of flame-retardant modified polyester masterbatch are mixed evenly and melt-spun on a twin-screw high-speed composite spinning machine to obtain flame-retardant polyester fiber. The flame-retardant polyester filament prepared by this structure and method does not focus on the flame-retardant surface and its overall flame-retardant performance is generally average. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a device for preparing flame-retardant polyester yarn, capable of producing flame-retardant polyester yarn with a core-sheath structure, where both the sheath and core layers possess flame-retardant properties, and the flame-retardant properties of the sheath and core layers can be adjusted according to requirements.

[0004] The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester yarn of this utility model includes:

[0005] Skin screw press;

[0006] Core layer screw compressor;

[0007] The input ends of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor are equipped with feeding hoppers;

[0008] The heating module includes multiple synchronous heating units and independent heating units. The same synchronous heating unit is fixed to the outside of the barrels of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor. The independent heating unit is fixed to the output side of the synchronous heating unit at the end. One or two independent heating units are respectively installed on the outside of the barrels of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor.

[0009] In a composite spinning equipment, the output end of the sheath screw is connected to the sheath material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment; the output end of the core screw is connected to the core material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment.

[0010] During operation, the sheath material is fed into the sheath screw press via the feeding hopper, and the core material is fed into the core screw press via the feeding hopper. The heating module is controlled to operate. Multiple synchronous heating units increase in temperature from the input side to the output side. For example, multiple synchronous heating units form 3 to 4 zones, with the temperature increasing sequentially from 265℃ (zone 1) to 280℃ (zone 3). After synchronous heating, the sheath and core material flows enter the heating zone of the independent heating unit. Both the sheath screw press and the core screw press are equipped with two sets of independent heating units. One set of independent heating units realizes the transition from synchronous heating to independent heating, and the other set of independent heating units precisely controls the temperature of the extruded material flow at the end of the sheath and core layers. Finally, by feeding the molten fluid into the sheath material flow interface and the core material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment respectively, the composite spinning equipment is used for spinning to obtain flame-retardant polyester yarn.

[0011] During processing with both the sheath and core layers using screw extruders, a fixed quantity of polyester chips is melted with flame-retardant polymers to form a spinning fluid. The content of the flame-retardant polymer in the sheath and core layers can be adjusted. For example, increasing the content of the flame-retardant polymer in the sheath layer enhances the flame-retardant properties of the polyester filament surface. For instance, the sheath layer blends polyester chips and flame-retardant polymers at a mass ratio of 100:115, while the core layer blends them at a mass ratio of 100:105. Furthermore, two flame-retardant polymer systems can be used in the sheath and core layers. For example, the core layer and sheath layers can use DTY flame-retardant polymers and FDY flame-retardant polymers, respectively. Alternatively, the sheath layer can use flame-retardant polymers containing organic salt structures (such as bis(3-aminophenyl)(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phosphine oxide), while the core layer can use finished flame-retardant modified polyester masterbatch.

[0012] Furthermore, the composite spinning equipment is a three-leaf core spinneret with a single hole diameter of 0.20 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the polyester filaments output by the composite spinning equipment have a sheath layer accounting for 30% and a core layer accounting for 70%.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding hopper is connected to a rotary valve via a flange, and the rotary valve is connected to a buffer hopper via a flange; the buffer hopper is connected to a gate valve via a flange, and a material flow mixing device is installed on the top of the gate valve, with an additive feeding port on the top of the material flow mixing device; two material flow mixing devices are connected to a three-way switching valve via a discharge pipe; the middle end of the three-way switching valve is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe; a batching unit is installed on the pneumatic conveying pipe, and a pneumatic unit is fixed at the input end of the pneumatic conveying pipe; a filter cartridge is fixed to the top of the inner side of the material flow mixing device, and an exhaust pipe connected to the filter cartridge is fixed to the outside of the material flow mixing device;

[0015] During operation, the three-way switching valve is activated to connect the pneumatic conveying pipe to a specific material flow mixing device. Then, a pre-weighed quantity of polyester chips is fed into the pneumatic conveying pipe, where a pneumatic unit provides conveying gas. The pressurized gas propels the polyester chips into the material flow mixing device. The conveying gas is then discharged through a filter cartridge and exhaust pipe, achieving vacuum feeding of the polyester chips, which are then collected in the material flow mixing device. Next, based on the requirements of the flame-retardant polymers and other additives in the core and skin layers, the materials are fed through the additive inlet. The material flow mixing device then thoroughly mixes the materials. After uniform mixing, the gate valve activates, feeding the material flow into the feeding hopper. During feeding, the rotation speed of the rotary valve can be controlled according to the production rate to regulate the material flow.

[0016] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is connected to a bag filter, which collects the powder in the exhaust gas from the material flow mixing equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the batching unit includes a storage hopper positioned at a high level, with a metering hopper connected to the bottom of the storage hopper; a feeding hopper is installed at the bottom of the metering hopper, and the feeding hopper is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe. During operation, the discharge hopper feeds polyester chips into the metering hopper, weighs a fixed amount of polyester chips through the metering hopper, and feeds them into the feeding hopper. The pneumatic unit provides conveying gas, which then conveys the fixed amount of polyester chips into the corresponding material mixing device.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the device for preparing flame-retardant polyester yarn of this invention can prepare flame-retardant polyester yarn with a core-sheath structure. Both the sheath and the core have flame-retardant properties, and the flame-retardant properties of the sheath and the core can be adjusted according to the requirements, so that the flame-retardant polyester yarn has both cost-effectiveness and flame-retardant performance. In particular, the front section of the preparation of the core-sheath of the flame-retardant polyester yarn adopts uniform temperature control, and the back section realizes temperature adaptation control according to the extrusion flow, which makes temperature control more convenient and production more energy-efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material flow mixing device and filter cartridge installation structure of this utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Sheet screw compressor, 2. Core screw compressor, 3. Feed hopper, 4. Synchronous heating unit, 5. Independent heating unit, 6. Composite spinning equipment, 7. Rotary feed valve, 8. Buffer hopper, 9. Gate valve, 10. Material flow mixing equipment, 11. Additive feeding port, 12. Three-way switching valve, 13. Pneumatic conveying pipe, 14. Filter cartridge, 15. Exhaust pipe, 16. Metering hopper, 17. Feeding hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] like Figure 1 The apparatus shown for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament includes:

[0025] 1. Cortex screw press;

[0026] Core layer screw compressor 2;

[0027] The input ends of the skin layer screw compressor 1 and the core layer screw compressor 2 are equipped with feeding hoppers 3;

[0028] The heating module includes multiple synchronous heating units 4 and independent heating units 5. The same synchronous heating unit 4 is fixed to the outside of the barrels of the skin screw compressor 1 and the core screw compressor 2. The independent heating unit 5 is fixed to the output side of the synchronous heating unit 4 at the end. One or two independent heating units 5 are respectively installed on the outside of the barrel of the skin screw compressor 1 and the outside of the barrel of the core screw compressor 2.

[0029] The composite spinning equipment 6 has the output end of the sheath screw 1 connected to the sheath material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment 6; and the output end of the core screw 2 connected to the core material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment 6.

[0030] During operation, the sheath material is fed into the sheath screw press 1 through the feeding hopper 3, and the core material is fed into the core screw press 2 through the feeding hopper 3. The heating module is controlled to operate. Multiple synchronous heating units 4 are raised from the input side to the output side. For example, multiple synchronous heating units 4 form zones 3 to 4, with the temperature increasing sequentially from 265℃ (zone 1) to 280℃ (zone 3). After synchronous heating, the sheath and core material flows enter the heating zone of the independent heating unit 5. Both the sheath screw press 1 and the core screw press 2 are equipped with two sets of independent heating units 5. One set of independent heating units 5 realizes the transition from synchronous heating to independent heating, and the other set of independent heating units 5 precisely controls the temperature of the extruded material flow at the end of the sheath and core. Finally, by feeding the molten fluid into the sheath material flow interface and the core material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment 6 respectively, the composite spinning equipment 6 is used for spinning to obtain flame-retardant polyester yarn.

[0031] During processing by the sheath screw mill 1 and the core screw mill 2, a fixed amount of polyester chips are melted with flame-retardant polymers to form a spinning fluid. The content of flame-retardant polymers in the sheath and core feedstocks can be adjusted. For example, increasing the content of flame-retardant polymers in the sheath enhances the flame-retardant properties of the polyester filament surface. For instance, the sheath feedstock blends polyester chips and flame-retardant polymers at a mass ratio of 100:115, while the core feedstock blends them at a mass ratio of 100:105. Furthermore, two flame-retardant polymer systems can be used in the sheath and core feedstocks. For example, the flame-retardant polymers in the core and sheath feedstocks can be DTY flame retardant and FDY flame retardant, respectively. Alternatively, the flame-retardant polymer in the sheath feedstock can be a flame-retardant polymer containing an organic salt structure (such as bis(3-aminophenyl)(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)phosphine oxide), while the flame-retardant polymer in the core feedstock can be a finished flame-retardant modified polyester masterbatch.

[0032] The composite spinning equipment 6 is a three-lobed core-sheath spinneret with a single hole diameter of 0.20 mm. Molten fluid is fed into the three-lobed core-sheath spinneret (single hole diameter of 0.20 mm). The fiber is cooled and shaped by side blowing at a temperature of 22°C, a humidity of 65%, and a wind speed of 1 m / s. The fiber fineness is set to 1.4D. After cooling, the fiber can be wound mechanically with a winding tension of 0.15 cN / dtex.

[0033] The polyester yarn output by the composite spinning equipment 6 has a sheath layer accounting for 30% and a core layer accounting for 70%.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The apparatus shown is for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament. The feeding hopper 3 is connected to a rotary valve 7 via a flange, and the rotary valve 7 is connected to a buffer hopper 8 via a flange. The buffer hopper 8 is connected to a gate valve 9 via a flange. A material flow mixing device 10 is installed on the top of the gate valve 9, and an additive inlet 11 is provided on the top of the material flow mixing device 10. Two material flow mixing devices 10 are connected to a three-way switching valve 12 via a discharge pipe. The middle end of the three-way switching valve 12 is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe 13. A batching unit is installed on the pneumatic conveying pipe 13, and a pneumatic unit is fixed at the input end of the pneumatic conveying pipe 13. A filter cartridge 14 is fixed to the top of the inner side of each material flow mixing device 10, and an exhaust pipe 15 connected to the filter cartridge 14 is fixed to the outside of the material flow mixing device 10.

[0036] During operation, the three-way switching valve 12 is activated to connect the pneumatic conveying pipe 13 to a material flow mixing device 10. Then, a certain amount of polyester chips are pre-weighed by the batching unit and enter the pneumatic conveying pipe 13. The pneumatic unit provides conveying gas, which pushes the polyester chips into the material flow mixing device 10. The conveying gas is discharged through the filter cartridge 14 and the exhaust pipe 15, achieving vacuum feeding of the polyester chips, which are then collected in the material flow mixing device 10. Next, according to the requirements of flame retardant polymers and other additives in the core and skin layers, the additives are fed through the additive feeding port 11. Then, the material flow mixing device 10 thoroughly mixes the material flow. After uniform mixing, the gate valve 9 is activated to feed the material flow into the feeding hopper 3. During feeding, the rotation speed of the rotary valve 7 can be controlled according to the production rate to control the material flow.

[0037] The exhaust pipe 15 is connected to the bag filter, which collects the powder in the exhaust gas from the material flow mixing device 10.

[0038] The batching unit includes a storage hopper positioned at a high level, with a metering hopper 16 connected to the bottom of the storage hopper. A feeding hopper 17 is installed at the bottom of the metering hopper 16 and is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe 13. During operation, the discharge hopper feeds polyester chips into the metering hopper 16, and the metering hopper 16 weighs a fixed amount of polyester chips and feeds them into the feeding hopper 17. The pneumatic unit provides conveying gas, which then feeds the fixed amount of polyester chips into the corresponding material flow mixing device 10.

[0039] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present utility model are included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament, characterized in that: include: Skin screw press; Core layer screw compressor; The input ends of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor are equipped with feeding hoppers; The heating module includes multiple synchronous heating units and independent heating units. The same synchronous heating unit is fixed to the outside of the barrels of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor. The independent heating unit is fixed to the output side of the synchronous heating unit at the end. One or two independent heating units are respectively installed on the outside of the barrels of the skin layer screw compressor and the core layer screw compressor. In a composite spinning equipment, the output end of the sheath screw is connected to the sheath material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment; the output end of the core screw is connected to the core material flow interface of the composite spinning equipment.

2. The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite spinning equipment is a three-leaf core spinneret.

3. The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyester yarn output by the composite spinning equipment has a sheath layer accounting for 30% and a core layer accounting for 70%.

4. The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding hopper is connected to a rotary valve via a flange, and the rotary valve is connected to a buffer hopper via a flange. The buffer hopper is connected to a gate valve via a flange, and a material flow mixing device is installed on the top of the gate valve. The material flow mixing device has an additive feeding port on its top. The two material flow mixing devices are connected to a three-way switching valve via a discharge pipe. The middle end of the three-way switching valve is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe. A batching unit is installed on the pneumatic conveying pipe, and a pneumatic unit is fixed at the input end of the pneumatic conveying pipe. A filter cartridge is fixed to the top of the inner side of the material flow mixing device, and an exhaust pipe connected to the filter cartridge is fixed to the outside of the material flow mixing device.

5. The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is connected to the bag filter.

6. The apparatus for preparing flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 4, characterized in that: The batching unit includes a storage hopper positioned at a high level, with a metering hopper connected to the bottom of the storage hopper; a feeding hopper is installed at the bottom of the metering hopper, and the feeding hopper is connected to a pneumatic conveying pipe.

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