A desulfurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulfurization process

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of desulfurization reactors for calcium-based dry method desulfurization process, including vertically arranged heat insulation cylinder, the bottom of heat insulation cylinder is equipped with flue gas inlet, top is equipped with flue gas outlet, the top of heat insulation cylinder is equipped with the flue gas reflux cap cover of being covered in it in flue gas outlet cover, flue gas reflux cap cover includes the cover cylinder of being fixedly connected with the top of heat insulation cylinder, cover cylinder top is equipped with the conical reflux hopper of the cone tip upwards, the lower end lateral wall of cover cylinder is equipped with desulfurization flue gas outlet, the inside of cover cylinder is equipped with first cyclone plate and the second cyclone plate located below first cyclone plate, the bottom of cover cylinder is equipped with a flat plate like deflector, deflector is obliquely arranged, with the inclination angle α of the flue gas in cover cylinder is guided to desulfurization flue gas outlet, the surface of deflector in facing cover cylinder inside side is equipped with ultrasonic wave dust-shaking device. The desulfurization reactor of the utility model can ensure that calcium hydroxide fine powder sprayed into flue gas can be rapidly activated and evenly distributed in flue gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flue gas desulfurization technology, specifically to a desulfurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulfurization process. Background Technology

[0002] Calcium-based dry desulfurization utilizes fine calcium hydroxide powder with a high specific surface area as a desulfurizing agent. This powder reacts with sulfur dioxide in flue gas to produce calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, and other substances. The desulfurization reaction products are collected along with the ash in the flue gas, thus achieving the purpose of flue gas desulfurization. Calcium-based dry desulfurization is currently a relatively mature flue gas treatment process for removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas, especially suitable for applications with relatively low initial sulfur dioxide concentrations and less stringent desulfurization efficiency requirements. As a commonly used desulfurizing agent in dry desulfurization, the key question is whether fine calcium hydroxide powder can be evenly distributed in the flue gas, prolonging the powder's residence time and ensuring sufficient reaction between the powder and pollutants in the flue gas, thereby guaranteeing high desulfurization efficiency and effective utilization of the desulfurizing agent.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN219942346U discloses a dry flue gas desulfurization device using calcium hydroxide as the desulfurizing agent to remove sulfur dioxide from coke oven exhaust gas. While the calcium hydroxide desulfurizing agent has high utilization and desulfurization efficiency, the patent still has the following problems: 1. Residual calcium hydroxide fine powder and calcium sulfate precipitate generated during calcium hydroxide desulfurization will settle inside the reactor due to gravity, but there is no discharge pipe for the calcium sulfate precipitate; 2. The airflow path inside the reactor is relatively smooth, and the calcium hydroxide fine powder and flue gas cannot achieve good uniform mixing, resulting in insufficient residence time of the calcium hydroxide fine powder inside the reactor. To achieve a longer mixing reaction between calcium hydroxide and flue gas, some existing flue gas desulfurization reactors have set the flue gas channel higher, increasing the reaction time of calcium hydroxide with flue gas through a longer flue gas channel. However, for some reactors limited by insufficient height difference between upstream and downstream equipment, the height of the desulfurization flue gas pipeline connecting the upstream and downstream equipment will also be limited. Under these conditions, the residence time of calcium hydroxide fine powder with flue gas is short, resulting in low desulfurization efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the above-mentioned technologies, this utility model provides a desulfurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulfurization processes.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects is:

[0006] A desulfurization reactor for a calcium-based dry desulfurization process includes a vertically arranged insulated cylindrical body. The bottom of the insulated cylindrical body has a flue gas inlet, and the top has a flue gas outlet. The top of the insulated cylindrical body is provided with a flue gas backflow cap that houses the flue gas outlet. The flue gas backflow cap includes a cover cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the insulated cylindrical body. The top of the cover cylinder has a conical backflow bucket with its tip pointing upwards. The lower side wall of the cover cylinder has a desulfurization flue gas outlet. The interior of the cover cylinder has a first swirl plate and a second swirl plate located below the first swirl plate. The bottom of the cover cylinder has a flat guide plate, which is inclined and has an inclination angle α that guides the flue gas inside the cover cylinder to the desulfurization flue gas outlet. An ultrasonic ash-removing device is provided on the surface of the guide plate facing the interior of the cover cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the ultrasonic ash-removing device includes a metal diaphragm disposed on the surface of the guide plate facing the inside of the shroud, a vibration source mounting cavity is formed between the metal diaphragm and the guide plate, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged around the heat-insulating cylinder in the vibration source mounting cavity.

[0008] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the inner wall of the shroud is provided with a plurality of blowers on the high side of the guide plate, with the air supply direction facing the desulfurization flue gas outlet.

[0009] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, an inlet guide grid is provided inside the heat-insulating cylinder at a position directly opposite the flue gas inlet, and the inclined surface of the inlet guide grid faces the flue gas inlet side, forming a 45° angle with the horizontal plane.

[0010] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, there is a height difference of 1.0 to 1.5 m between the second swirl plate and the first swirl plate.

[0011] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the structure of the second swirl plate is the same as that of the first swirl plate. The first swirl plate includes an outer fixed ring seat and an inner fixed ring seat arranged concentrically, and a plurality of swirl blades fixed between the outer fixed ring seat and the inner fixed ring seat and distributed around the center. In the length direction, the swirl blades are provided with an inclination angle β between themselves and the horizontal plane, wherein the higher side is fixed on the outer fixed ring seat and the lower side is fixed on the inner fixed ring seat. In the width direction, the swirl blades are provided with an inclination angle γ between themselves and the horizontal plane.

[0012] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the swirling direction of the first swirl plate is opposite to that of the second swirl plate.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned desulfurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulfurization process, a flue gas heating cylinder is nested inside the heat-insulating cylinder at the position corresponding to the middle section of the cylinder. A heat-conducting oil cavity is provided between the outer wall of the flue gas heating cylinder and the inner wall of the heat-insulating cylinder. A heat exchange tube is provided in the heat-conducting oil cavity. The flue gas heating cylinder forms a Venturi heating channel in the middle section of the heat-insulating cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the flue gas heating cylinder is a cylinder made of aluminum alloy material, with flared edges formed at both the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, and the flared edges are sealed and welded to the inner wall of the heat-insulating cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, in the desulfurization reactor for the calcium-based dry desulfurization process described above, the tilt angle β is 15° and the tilt angle γ is 30°.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: The desulfurization reactor of this invention allows the flue gas to flow in a reverse direction during the circulation process through the flue gas backflow cap, further extending the flue gas flow path and providing a longer reaction time for the desulfurization reaction between calcium hydroxide fine powder and flue gas. By using small-angle swirl blades set in the flue gas backflow cap, the flue gas containing calcium hydroxide fine powder can form a certain swirling effect when impacting the swirl blades, enhancing the uniform distribution of the calcium hydroxide fine powder, improving the reaction efficiency of the powder, and effectively extending the residence time of the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizing agent, ensuring high desulfurization efficiency and effective utilization of the desulfurizing agent. This is especially suitable for operating conditions where the flue gas pipeline before desulfurization is short and the residence time of the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizing agent is insufficient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the ultrasonic transducer below the metal diaphragm in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the first swirl plate of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the tilt angle of the swirl blade in the length direction of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the tilt angle of the swirl blade in the width direction according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To provide a further understanding of this utility model, the following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will further illustrate the utility model:

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] To further understand the invention content, features, and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided in detail: Example 1:

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the desulfurization reactor for a calcium-based dry desulfurization process proposed in Embodiment 1 of this utility model includes a vertically arranged heat-insulated cylinder 1. The bottom of the heat-insulated cylinder 1 is provided with a flue gas inlet 11, and the top is provided with a flue gas outlet 12. The flue gas inlet 11 is connected to the upstream boiler raw flue gas pipeline. As an improvement of this utility model, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the top of the heat-insulating cylinder 1 is equipped with a flue gas backflow cap 2 that covers the flue gas outlet 12. The flue gas backflow cap 2 backflows the downstream reaction flue gas discharged through the flue gas outlet 12, allowing the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizer to have a longer residence time within it. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1As shown, the flue gas backflow cap 2 includes a cap cylinder 21 fixedly connected to the top of the heat-insulating cylinder 1. The top of the cap cylinder 21 has a conical backflow hopper 22 with its tip pointing upwards. The lower side wall of the cap cylinder 21 has a desulfurization flue gas outlet 23, which is connected to a downstream bag filter. To further prolong the reaction time between the calcium hydroxide fine powder and the flue gas in the flue gas backflow cap 2, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the interior of the shroud 21 is equipped with a first swirl plate 3 and a second swirl plate 4 located below the first swirl plate 3. The flue gas mixture discharged into the flue gas backflow shroud 2 through the flue gas outlet 12 flows downward under the action of the conical backflow bucket 22. The downward flowing flue gas mixture forms an opposition with the downstream reaction flue gas discharged through the flue gas outlet 12, promoting the full mixing of calcium hydroxide fine powder and flue gas. Under the action of the flue gas continuously discharged from the flue gas outlet 12, the flue gas mixture moves downward through the first swirl plate 3 at a small angle. The swirling flue gas mixture forms a spiral mixing in the shroud 21, and then passes through the second swirl plate 4. The second swirl plate 4, on the one hand, slows down the downward discharge of flue gas, and on the other hand, makes the downward discharged flue gas continue to form a spiral mixing, so that the flue gas and calcium hydroxide fine powder are uniformly mixed and fully reacted in the shroud 21.

[0028] To ensure the fully reacted flue gas is discharged more smoothly from the desulfurized flue gas outlet 23 at the bottom of the hood 21, and to prevent the desulfurized flue gas from mixing with the later-stage reaction flue gas in the hood 21 and diluting the density of the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizing agent in the flue gas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a flat guide plate 24 is provided at the bottom of the shroud 21. Specifically, the guide plate 24 is inclined, with an inclination angle α that guides the flue gas inside the shroud 21 to the desulfurized flue gas outlet 23. After passing through the second swirl plate 4, the desulfurized flue gas moves downwards and is then guided by the inclined guide plate 24 to exit the reactor through the desulfurized flue gas outlet 23. Since calcium sulfate particles are generated during the desulfurization reaction, and unreacted calcium hydroxide fine powder also impacts and contacts the guide plate 24 under the influence of the flue gas, some dust particles adhere to the guide plate 24. To solve the problem of dust particle adhesion on the guide plate 24, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the guide plate 24 is provided with an ultrasonic dust removal device 5 on the side facing the inside of the cover cylinder 21. The dust particles attached to the guide plate 24 are removed by vibration through the pulse start of the ultrasonic dust removal device 5.

[0029] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the ultrasonic dust removal device 5 includes a metal diaphragm 51 disposed on the surface of the guide plate 24 facing the inside of the cover cylinder 21. A vibration source mounting cavity 52 is formed between the metal diaphragm 51 and the guide plate 24. A plurality of ultrasonic transducers 53 are arranged around the heat insulation cylinder 1 within the vibration source mounting cavity 52. ​​The ultrasonic transducers 53 can vibrate and remove dust particles attached to the bottom of the guide plate 24, especially dust particles near the outer peripheral wall of the heat insulation cylinder 1.

[0030] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the hood 21 is provided with several blowers 6 on the high side of the guide plate 24, with the air supply direction facing the desulfurization flue gas outlet 23. The blowers 6 can make the dust desorbed by the ultrasonic dust removal device 5 enter the desulfurization flue gas outlet 23 from the guide plate 24 more quickly.

[0031] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, an inlet guide plate 7 is provided inside the heat-insulating cylinder 1 at a position directly opposite the flue gas inlet 11. The inclined surface of the inlet guide plate 7 faces the side of the flue gas inlet 11 and forms a 45° angle with the horizontal plane. Through the inlet guide plate 7, the flue gas entering through the flue gas inlet 11 can enter the heat-insulating cylinder 1 at the bottom along an upward path, avoiding collision and reversal with the side wall of the heat-insulating cylinder 1 directly opposite the flue gas inlet 11, and at the same time, it can also create an acceleration effect.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the second swirl plate 4 and the first swirl plate 3 have a height difference of 1.0 to 1.5 m, and the structure of the second swirl plate 4 is the same as that of the first swirl plate 3. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first swirl plate 3 includes an outer fixed ring seat 31 and an inner fixed ring seat 32 arranged concentrically, and a plurality of swirl blades 33 fixed between the outer fixed ring seat 31 and the inner fixed ring seat 32 and distributed around the center. Swirl channels 34 for the flue gas mixture to pass through are provided between adjacent swirl blades 33. Wherein, as... Figure 4 As shown, in the length direction, the swirl blade 33 has an inclination angle β with respect to the horizontal plane, with the higher side fixed to the outer fixing ring seat 31 and the lower side fixed to the inner fixing ring seat 32. Figure 5As shown, the swirl blade 33 has an inclination angle γ between it and the horizontal plane in the width direction. In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the inclination angle β is set to 15° and the inclination angle γ is set to 30°. By using the swirl blade with a smaller angle, the flue gas mixture can form a longer spiral turbulence path in the shroud 21, thereby prolonging the reaction contact time between the flue gas and the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizer.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the swirling direction of the first swirling plate 3 is opposite to that of the second swirling plate 4. By setting the swirling direction in the opposite direction, the reaction time of the flue gas mixture in the shroud 21 can be further increased and extended. At the same time, the flue gas mixture forms a countercurrent between the first swirling plate 3 and the second swirling plate 4, which further increases the uniformity and sufficiency of the mixing of calcium hydroxide fine powder and sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas. Example 2:

[0034] Please see Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the desulfurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulfurization process proposed in Embodiment 2 of this utility model is basically the same in structure as the desulfurization reactor in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the desulfurization reactor in Embodiment 2 of this utility model is equipped with a flue gas heating function. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 6 As shown, a flue gas heating cylinder 81 is nested inside the insulation cylinder 1 at a position corresponding to the middle section of the cylinder. A heat-conducting oil cavity 82 is provided between the outer wall of the flue gas heating cylinder 81 and the inner wall of the insulation cylinder 1. A heat exchange tube 83 is provided in the heat-conducting oil cavity 82. The flue gas heating cylinder 81 forms a Venturi heating channel 84 in the middle section of the insulation cylinder 1. The flue gas rising in the insulation cylinder 1 can be heated and kept warm after passing through the Venturi heating channel 84, which can quickly activate the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizer and increase the desulfurization reaction efficiency between the calcium hydroxide fine powder desulfurizer and the flue gas.

[0035] In the second embodiment of this utility model, the flue gas heating cylinder 81 is made of aluminum alloy, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the upper and lower ends of the cylinder are formed with flared edges 85 in the shape of a trumpet, and the flared edges 85 are sealed and welded to the inner wall of the heat insulation cylinder 1.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as claimed. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A desulfurization reactor for a calcium-based dry desulfurization process, comprising a vertically arranged heat-insulated cylinder (1), the bottom of the heat-insulated cylinder (1) is provided with a flue gas inlet (11), and the top is provided with a flue gas outlet (12), characterized in that, The top of the heat-insulating cylinder (1) is provided with a flue gas backflow cap (2) that covers the flue gas outlet (12). The flue gas backflow cap (2) includes a cover cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the top of the heat-insulating cylinder (1). The top of the cover cylinder (21) is provided with a cone-shaped backflow bucket (22) with the cone tip pointing upward. The lower side wall of the cover cylinder (21) is provided with a desulfurization flue gas outlet (23). The inside of the cover cylinder (21) is provided with a first swirl plate (3) and a second swirl plate (4) located below the first swirl plate (3). The bottom of the cover cylinder (21) is provided with a flat guide plate (24). The guide plate (24) is inclined and has an inclination angle α that guides the flue gas inside the cover cylinder (21) to the desulfurization flue gas outlet (23). The surface of the guide plate (24) facing the inside of the cover cylinder (21) is provided with an ultrasonic ash-removing device (5).

2. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic ash-removing device (5) includes a metal diaphragm (51) disposed on the surface of the guide plate (24) facing the inside of the cover (21). A vibration source mounting cavity (52) is formed between the metal diaphragm (51) and the guide plate (24). A plurality of ultrasonic transducers (53) are arranged around the heat insulation cylinder (1) in the vibration source mounting cavity (52).

3. The desulphurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulphurization process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The inner wall of the hood (21) is provided with a plurality of blowers (6) with the air supply direction facing the desulfurization flue gas outlet (23) on the high side of the guide plate (24).

4. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the heat-insulating cylinder (1) is provided with an inlet guide plate (7) at the position directly opposite the flue gas inlet (11). The inclined surface of the inlet guide plate (7) faces the flue gas inlet (11) and forms a 45° angle with the horizontal plane.

5. The desulphurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulphurization process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, There is a height difference of 1.0 to 1.5 m between the second swirl plate (4) and the first swirl plate (3).

6. The desulphurization reactor for calcium-based dry desulphurization process as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The structure of the second swirl plate (4) is the same as that of the first swirl plate (3). The first swirl plate (3) includes an outer fixed ring seat (31) and an inner fixed ring seat (32) arranged concentrically, and a number of swirl blades (33) fixed between the outer fixed ring seat (31) and the inner fixed ring seat (32) and distributed around the center. In the length direction, the swirl blades (33) are provided with an inclination angle β between themselves and the horizontal plane, wherein the high side is fixed on the outer fixed ring seat (31) and the low side is fixed on the inner fixed ring seat (32). In the width direction, the swirl blades (33) are provided with an inclination angle γ between themselves and the horizontal plane.

7. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The swirling direction of the first swirling plate (3) is opposite to that of the second swirling plate (4).

8. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the heat-insulating cylinder (1) is nested with a flue gas heating cylinder (81) at the position corresponding to the middle section of the cylinder. A heat-conducting oil cavity (82) is provided between the outer wall of the flue gas heating cylinder (81) and the inner wall of the heat-insulating cylinder (1). A heat exchange tube (83) is provided in the heat-conducting oil cavity (82). The flue gas heating cylinder (81) forms a Venturi heating channel (84) in the middle section of the heat-insulating cylinder (1).

9. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flue gas temperature compensation cylinder (81) is a cylinder body made of aluminum alloy material, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder body are formed with flared edges (85) in a trumpet shape, and the flared edges (85) are sealingly welded with the inner wall of the heat insulation cylinder body (1).

10. The desulphurization reactor for a lime-based dry desulphurization process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclination angle β is 15°, and the inclination angle γ is 30°.

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