Welding fixture for dissimilar materials

Abstract

The utility model discloses a welding tooling applied to dissimilar materials relates to welding technical field, including the carrier plate for bearing copper material and aluminum material, and the carrier plate is provided with the fixture for fixing copper material and aluminum material two position, the welding tooling still includes the water tank of can accommodate carrier plate and make the cooling liquid can immerse the welding area between copper material and aluminum material, and the spray assembly of the fixed or movable mode to the welding area spray cooling liquid is selected. The utility model discloses through setting up the carrier plate of bearing copper material and aluminum material and fixed clamp, can ensure two kinds of to be welded material to keep stable relative position in the welding process, avoid because of the misplacement of welding thermal stress or mechanical disturbance, and the water tank of can accommodate carrier plate and make the cooling liquid immerse the welding area is integrated simultaneously, and the spray assembly of optional fixed or movable mode, make the tooling have the double function of whole immersion cooling and spray cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, and specifically to welding fixtures applied to dissimilar materials. Background Technology

[0002] Welding dissimilar materials (such as copper, magnesium, titanium, and aluminum) is a mandatory requirement in relevant industries, but it is generally more difficult than welding similar materials. This is because dissimilar metals have significant differences in physical properties such as melting point, thermal conductivity, and coefficient of linear expansion, which easily lead to the formation of a large number of intermetallic compounds during solidification. Intermetallic compounds are hard and brittle phases, which not only reduce weld strength but also increase the metal resistivity, thereby reducing weld quality.

[0003] To address the drawbacks of welding dissimilar materials like copper and aluminum, engineers are currently exploring a process to facilitate this welding: cooling the welding area between the copper and aluminum by immersion and / or spraying with a cooling liquid, maintaining the temperature below a set threshold until the welding is complete. This process aims to improve joint performance by suppressing the excessive formation and growth of intermetallic compounds through forced liquid cooling.

[0004] However, a search revealed that there is currently no dedicated welding fixture that matches this welding process in the existing technology. Most traditional welding fixtures only have basic positioning and clamping functions and cannot achieve immersion cooling of the welding area. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a welding fixture that can achieve immersion cooling and selective fixed / on-weld spraying. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a welding fixture for dissimilar materials. This fixture has the dual functions of overall immersion cooling and spray cooling, and can flexibly switch the cooling mode according to the product type requirements, providing a hardware platform for suppressing the formation of intermetallic compounds in the welding of dissimilar materials.

[0006] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] Welding fixtures for dissimilar materials include a carrier plate for supporting copper and aluminum materials, and the carrier plate is provided with a clamp for fixing the positions of the copper and aluminum materials.

[0008] The welding fixture also includes a water tank that can accommodate a carrier plate and immerse the welding area between the copper and aluminum materials in coolant, as well as a spray assembly that can spray coolant onto the welding area in a fixed or movable manner.

[0009] As a further aspect of this utility model: the opening of the water tank is higher than the height of the welding area of ​​the copper and aluminum materials, so that the coolant in the water tank can act on the welding area in an immersion manner.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the spraying assembly includes a spraying pipe whose water outlet can extend into the water tank. The spraying pipe is set in the water tank or on the stirring head. When the spraying pipe is fixedly set on the water tank, it realizes fixed spraying of the welding area; when the spraying pipe is fixedly set on the stirring head or movably set on the water tank, it realizes spraying of the welding area during welding.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the welding fixture also includes a condensation component, a drive source, and a filter component. The outlet of the condensation component is connected to the inlet of the drive source through a first pipe, and the outlet of the drive source is connected to the spray pipe through a second pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the water tank, and the drain pipe is connected to the inlet of the filter component through a third pipe. The outlet of the filter component is connected to the inlet of the condensation component through a fourth pipe.

[0012] As a further aspect of this utility model: the flow rate of the spray pipe is 500±50mL / min, and the temperature of the coolant is ≤20℃.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a valve is provided on the spray pipe.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this invention: the spray pipe is configured as a universal flexible hose so that the angle of its water outlet end is adjustable.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the water outlet end of the spray pipe is detachably provided with a nozzle so that the water outlet state can be switched to columnar or mist.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the carrier plate is evenly distributed with multiple sets of assembly holes, which are used for fixture installation.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model: at least two sets of positioning blocks are installed on the assembly hole, and a limiting area of ​​adjustable size is formed between any two adjacent sets of positioning blocks for limiting the copper and aluminum materials.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. By setting up a carrier plate and fixing fixtures to support copper and aluminum materials, it is possible to ensure that the two materials to be welded maintain a stable relative position during the welding process, avoiding misalignment caused by welding thermal stress or mechanical disturbance; at the same time, it integrates a water tank that can accommodate the carrier plate and immerse the welding area with coolant, as well as a spray assembly that can be fixed or movable, so that the tooling has the dual functions of overall immersion cooling and spray cooling, and can flexibly switch the cooling mode according to the product type requirements, providing a hardware foundation for suppressing the formation of intermetallic compounds in the welding of dissimilar materials.

[0020] 2. By setting the opening of the water tank to be higher than the welding area of ​​the copper and aluminum materials, it is ensured that the coolant can completely submerge the welding area, thereby achieving all-round and uniform cooling of the welding area and avoiding local cooling blind spots. This immersion method can greatly improve heat exchange efficiency, quickly remove welding heat, and rapidly reduce the temperature of the welding area, which is conducive to controlling the growth of intermetallic compounds and improving the mechanical properties of the joint.

[0021] 3. By fixing the spray pipe to the water tank or stirring head, two modes—fixed spraying and on-the-fly spraying—can be selected. Fixed spraying is suitable for welding trajectories with a fixed position, providing continuous and stable cooling of the welding area; on-the-fly spraying keeps the coolant always aligned with the current welding position of the stirring head, achieving dynamic tracking cooling, suitable for welding long welds or complex trajectories. The flexible switching between the two modes improves the applicability of the tooling and the accuracy of cooling.

[0022] 4. By adding a condenser assembly, a drive source, and a filter assembly to form a circulation loop, this fixture can recover, filter, cool, and retransport the sprayed coolant, realizing the recycling of the coolant and significantly reducing coolant consumption and operating costs. At the same time, the condenser assembly can actively reduce the coolant temperature to ensure stable spray cooling effect, the drive source provides controllable spray flow and pressure, and the filter assembly prevents impurities from clogging the nozzles or affecting welding quality, thereby improving the reliability, economy, and sustainability of the entire cooling system.

[0023] 5. Limiting the flow rate of the spray pipe to 500±50mL / min and the coolant temperature to ≤20℃ provides an optimized range of cooling parameters. This flow rate ensures sufficient coolant coverage of the welding area without causing splashing or excessive waste.

[0024] 6. By setting the spray pipe as a universal flexible hose, the angle of its water outlet is adjustable, which greatly improves the flexibility and adaptability of spraying. Operators can easily adjust the spray angle according to factors such as weld position, workpiece shape, and welding direction, so that the coolant is accurately sprayed to the required cooling area, effectively avoiding cooling blind spots or coolant splashing.

[0025] 7. By detachably installing nozzles at the water outlet of the spray pipe, and allowing the water to be sprayed in either a columnar or mist form, the optimal spray pattern can be selected according to different cooling requirements. The columnar water flow has strong penetrating power and concentrated cooling, making it suitable for powerful cooling of specific hot spots; the mist water flow covers a large area and provides gentle cooling, avoiding localized overcooling or workpiece cracking. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a welding fixture for producing conductive busbars using the welding process described in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the water tank in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray pipe of this utility model installed on the stirring head;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a water-cooled plate manufactured using the welding process described in this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A top view of the water-cooled plate in its assembled state;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA.

[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the copper plate and aluminum plate of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the welding fixture used to manufacture water-cooled plates using the welding process described in this utility model.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Copper material; 2. Aluminum material; 3. Stirring head; 301. Needle tip; 302. Shoulder; 4. Aluminum-clad plate; 5. Carrier plate; 6. Water tank; 7. Spray pipe; 8. Condensation assembly; 9. Drive source; 10. Filter assembly; 11. First pipe; 12. Second pipe; 13. Third pipe; 14. Drain pipe; 15. Ejector assembly; 16. Through slot; 17. Gap; 18. Fourth pipe; 19. Assembly hole; 20. Copper plate; 21. Aluminum plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, a welding process is applied to dissimilar materials. This welding process is used to weld products consisting only of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2, or products containing copper material 1 and aluminum material 2. This application is not limited to the type of products being processed.

[0041] When performing welding operations, the following steps should be taken:

[0042] Step 1: First, assemble copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 using the existing fixture so that the positions to be welded are in a butt joint state;

[0043] Step 2: Use welding equipment to weld the two parts to be welded. During this process, the two parts to be welded can be cooled by immersion and / or spraying coolant to keep the temperature of the welding area (mainly the temperature of the weld) below the set threshold (set according to the actual working conditions) until the welding equipment completes the welding work.

[0044] Compared to existing technologies that primarily focus on improving stress caused by uneven temperature without directly controlling peak temperature and the duration of high temperature during welding, the welding process described in this application effectively controls the welding temperature and accelerates cooling after welding by placing the welding area in an environment continuously cooled by coolant during the welding process. This shortens the high-temperature dwell time, thereby inhibiting the excessive formation of intermetallic compounds and improving welding quality.

[0045] like Figures 4-6As shown, in this embodiment, friction stir welding is used to weld copper material 1 and aluminum material 2. Therefore, the welding equipment is selected as the stirring head 3 corresponding to friction stir welding. Taking the stirring head 3, copper material 1, and aluminum material 2 arranged sequentially from top to bottom as an example, in the welding process of step two, the stirring head makes a downward thrusting motion on the welding area of ​​copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 until the needle tip 301 of the stirring head 3 penetrates into the welding area and the shoulder 302 of the stirring head 3 presses against the upper surface of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2. Then the stirring head 3 moves along the welding direction, thus completing the welding work.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a welding fixture for assembling the copper material 1 and the aluminum material 2, and for controlling the temperature of the welding area. Specifically:

[0048] The welding fixture includes a water tank 6, within which a carrier plate 5 is fixedly installed. The copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 to be welded can be placed on the carrier plate 5, and then secured in a mating position using existing clamps. It should be noted that when the copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 are mated, the height of the combined structure is lower than the opening height of the water tank 6. Therefore, when a certain amount of coolant is injected into the water tank 6, the coolant level can be higher than the combined height of the copper material 1 and aluminum material 2, thus immersing the welding area. Of course, the actual coolant level can be set according to the actual welding conditions, for example, simply above the horizontal plane of the welding area. This paper does not limit the coolant level; it only needs to achieve the purpose of immersing the welding area.

[0049] like Figure 9 As shown, for the design of the carrier plate 5, multiple sets of assembly holes (e.g., threaded holes) 19 can be evenly distributed on it. On the one hand, the assembly holes 19 can be used for the aforementioned fixture to be installed; on the other hand, positioning blocks can be set in the assembly holes 19. At least two sets of positioning blocks are set, and an adjustable limiting area is formed between the two sets of positioning blocks. This limiting area is used to apply a pre-positioning effect to the copper material 1 and the aluminum material 2.

[0050] For example Figure 1 As shown, the welding fixture further includes a spray pipe 7 whose outlet end can extend into the water tank 6, and the spray pipe 7 is fixedly mounted on the water tank 6 or the stirring head 3. Figure 2 As shown, when the spray pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the water tank 6, it achieves fixed spraying of coolant onto the welding area. By installing appropriate types of nozzles at the water outlet, it can achieve large-area coverage spraying of the welding area. When the spray pipe 7 is movably installed on the water tank 6, it can move during the welding process, achieving spraying along with the welding process. Figure 3As shown, when the spray pipe 7 is installed on the stirring head 3 (the angle of the spray pipe 7 can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions), the spray pipe 7 does not rotate, but moves along the welding direction with the stirring head 3 to achieve spraying of the welding area during welding. The spraying method can be a water jet or a water mist.

[0051] In the spray mode, in order to prevent coolant from accumulating on the carrier plate 5, this embodiment can provide through slots 16 on the carrier plate 5.

[0052] The two methods described above, immersion and spraying, can also be used in combination.

[0053] For example Figure 1 As shown, in order to improve the cooling effect of the coolant on the welding area, this embodiment further includes a condenser assembly 8, a drive source 9, and a filter assembly 10 in the welding fixture. The outlet of the condenser assembly 8 is connected to the inlet of the drive source 9 through a first pipe 11, and the outlet of the drive source 9 is connected to the spray pipe 7 through a second pipe 12. A drain pipe 14 is connected to the water tank 6, and the drain pipe 14 is connected to the inlet of the filter assembly 10 through a third pipe 13. The outlet of the filter assembly 10 is connected to the inlet of the condenser assembly 8 through a fourth pipe 18.

[0054] In use, the drive source (e.g., pump body) 9 can apply a driving action to the circulation loop composed of the above-mentioned components and pipes, so that the coolant in the water tank 6 passes through the drain pipe 14 and then through the filter assembly (conventional filter assembly in the prior art) 10 to the condenser assembly 8. After the coolant is condensed and cooled, it reaches the drive source 9 and is then transported to the spray pipe 7 for spraying. Depending on the cooling mode, the spray can directly spray the welding area to achieve spray cooling; or the spray can simply add liquid to the water tank 6. In this case, the valve on the drain pipe 14 is closed to facilitate the rise of the coolant level and achieve subsequent immersion cooling. After the coolant level is higher than the height of the product to be welded, the valve on the drain pipe 14 is opened. By controlling the flow rate of water sprayed from the spray pipe 7 and the water out of the drain pipe 14, continuous circulation immersion cooling can be achieved.

[0055] It should be noted that the condenser assembly 8, the filter assembly 10, and the drive source 9 are all conventional designs in the prior art. The temperature control of the coolant by the condenser assembly 8 is controlled by the corresponding control system and operation panel, which is also a conventional design in the prior art. To avoid cumbersome writing, this article will not elaborate further.

[0056] Example 3:

[0057] When dealing with the weld lengths of different products, copper material 1 and aluminum material 2, generally speaking, with the stirring head 3 moving at a constant speed, the longer the weld length, the longer the welding processing time. The longer the welding processing time, the higher the risk of intermetallic compounds being generated during the welding process. In addition, when welding dissimilar metal materials, friction stir welding is prone to the limitation of the stirring head 3 sticking together, which will affect the weld density and weld formation performance.

[0058] To further suppress the formation of intermetallic compounds in long weld seams and to prevent the stirring head 3 from sticking, such as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment adds an aluminum-coated plate 4. Taking the stirring head 3, copper material 1, and aluminum material 2 arranged sequentially from top to bottom as an example, the aluminum-coated plate 4 needs to be located between the copper material 1 and the stirring head 3. Before welding, the copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 are first aligned at the welding position, and then the aluminum-coated plate 4 is placed on the upper surface of the copper material 1. The aluminum-coated plate 4 is used to cover the exposed welding area between the copper material 1 and the aluminum material 2. Therefore, during the subsequent downward insertion of the stirring head 3, the needle tip 301 of the stirring head 3 will be in the welding area, and the shoulder 302 of the stirring head 3 will press against the upper surface of the aluminum-coated plate 4 from top to bottom. During the subsequent movement of the stirring head 3, the shoulder 302 will always be on the upper surface of the aluminum-coated plate 4 and move in a pressing state against it.

[0059] In this embodiment, the aluminum-clad plate 4 plays at least the following four roles:

[0060] (1) In the absence of aluminum-coated plate 4 on copper material 1 and aluminum material 2, although the coolant can carry away a large amount of heat as a whole, the stirring head 3 will still generate local high temperature when it rubs directly against copper material 1. The aluminum-coated plate added in this embodiment is a sacrificial layer with a melting point much lower than that of copper. It softens and absorbs frictional heat first, so that the interface temperature between the shoulder 302 and the aluminum-coated plate 4 is stabilized below the melting point of aluminum, thus preventing the surface of copper material 1 from being heated to an excessively high temperature instantly. At the same time, combined with the design of the coolant continuously carrying away the heat conducted by the aluminum-coated plate 4, the two designs work together to reduce the peak temperature, thereby slowing down the atomic diffusion rate.

[0061] (2) As mentioned in (1), although the coolant can accelerate the overall cooling, if the stirring head (steel) 3 directly rubs the copper material, the high thermal conductivity of copper will cause the heat-affected zone to expand and the local cooling to be uneven. The aluminum-coated plate 4 added in this embodiment changes the friction interface from "steel-copper" to "steel-aluminum". The low thermal conductivity of aluminum makes the heat more concentrated in the aluminum-coated plate 4. Combined with the cooling effect of the coolant, the temperature of the aluminum-coated plate 4 drops sharply after the stirring head 3 leaves. The residence time of the material in the rapid growth temperature range of the intermetallic compound is compressed to a very short time, which inhibits the thickening of the compound layer.

[0062] (3) For welding of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 in some complex structures, the coolant may not be able to reach the central area below the shoulder 302 evenly. In this embodiment, the presence of aluminum plate 4 provides additional thermal buffer, making the temperature field below the stirring head 3 more gentle, avoiding excessive growth of compounds due to insufficient local cooling. During the welding process, the coolant is mainly responsible for cooling the periphery and the whole, while the aluminum plate 4 is responsible for local interface temperature control. The two complement each other.

[0063] (4) The aluminum-clad plate 4 can also prevent the stirring head 3 from directly contacting the copper material 1 or the aluminum material 2, prevent copper or aluminum from adhering to the shoulder surface of the stirring head 3 at high temperature, reduce the phenomenon of material sticking to the shoulder of the stirring head 3, thereby extending the service life of the stirring head 3 and ensuring the consistency of the weld surface formation.

[0064] It should be noted that after the welding of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 is completed by adding aluminum clad plate 4, aluminum clad plate 4 will also be welded onto the product composed of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2. The aluminum clad plate 4 can then be milled off using CNC machining. Furthermore, since the function of aluminum clad plate 4 is to cover the exposed welding areas of copper material 1 and aluminum material 2, the shape of aluminum clad plate 4 is not limited in this application. For example, it can be set to a strip or ring shape that matches the weld seam trajectory; of course, it can also be set to the plate shape preferred in this application.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] The products made by the welding process of this application involving copper material 1 and aluminum material 2 are of various types, such as water-cooled plates (liquid-cooled plates), busbars, radiators, battery structural components, aluminum-copper terminals and connecting pieces, etc.

[0067] like Figures 4-5 As shown, taking a water-cooled plate as an example, the structure of a water-cooled plate consists of a flow channel body and a cover plate. Conventionally, both the flow channel body and the cover plate are made of copper. The water-cooled plate is obtained by welding the flow channel body and the cover plate at their respective joints.

[0068] This embodiment proposes a novel water-cooled plate structure, in which the flow channel body, originally made of copper, is made of aluminum (2), while the cover plate, which serves to cool external functional components, remains made of copper (1); specifically, combined with... Figure 6 As shown, the parameter settings for the flow channel body are as follows:

[0069] (1) The width of the supporting step is set as d and the thickness of the supporting step is set as h. When h≤3mm, then d=h; when h≥4mm, then d=2 / 3h.

[0070] (2) The width D of the skirt step of its flow channel body is ≥2mm.

[0071] When the flow channel body with the above parameters is welded to the cover plate using the welding process and aluminum-clad plate design of this application, the thickness H of the selected aluminum-clad plate is ≥1mm. Taking the spraying method in which the spray pipe 7 is fixedly installed in the water tank 6 as an example, the flow rate of the spray pipe 7 is controlled at 500±50mL / min, and the temperature of the coolant is ≤20℃. This flow rate and temperature control are also conventional methods in the prior art, and this flow rate and temperature design can also be applied to the welding work of other products. During the welding process, when the shoulder 302 of the stirring head 3 is pressed tightly against the aluminum-clad plate 4 from top to bottom, the shoulder 302 is pressed into the upper surface of the aluminum-clad plate 4 to a depth of 0.2mm-0.3mm.

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown, preferably, during the welding process, when the needle tip 301 of the stirring head 3 penetrates the gap 17 between the copper material 1 and the aluminum material 2, with the gap 17 as the dividing line, 2 / 3 of the needle tip 301 is located at the aluminum material 2 and 1 / 3 of the needle tip 301 is located at the copper material 1; of course, this welding design can also be applied to the welding work of other products.

[0073] Taking the product selection as a conductive busbar as an example, the conductive busbar consists of an integrally molded conductive busbar body and a connection terminal at one or both ends. Conventionally, both the conductive busbar body and the connection terminal are made of copper.

[0074] This embodiment proposes a new structure for a conductive bus, in which the conductive bus body, which is made of copper, is made of aluminum.

[0075] When using the conductive busbar in the aforementioned welding fixture, due to its small size and short weld length, an aluminum-coated plate 4 is generally not added on it for welding. Simultaneously, due to the downward pressure of the stirring head 3 and the clamp, the welded conductive busbar may become stuck on the carrier plate 5. Therefore, if... Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment adds several sets of ejection components 15. The execution end of the ejection component 15 can penetrate from bottom to top through the area of ​​the carrier plate 5 for placing the conductive busbar, so as to apply an upward pushing action to the conductive busbar body, which facilitates material removal.

[0076] It should be noted that the ejector assembly 15 in this embodiment is a conventional technology in the prior art, such as an electric telescopic rod, a cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder, which has anti-corrosion performance and good sealing performance for underwater operation. The area on the carrier plate 5 for placing the conductive busbar is partially hollowed out corresponding to the actuating end of the ejector assembly 15, while the other parts have groove bottoms to support the conductive busbar.

[0077] The ejector assembly 15 can also be installed below the position to be welded on the conductive busbar. In addition, this embodiment also includes a horizontal support assembly. The horizontal support assembly has a power source and a retractable support end. During welding, the ejector assembly 15 supports the position to be welded on the conductive busbar. The support end of the horizontal support assembly extends horizontally and is inserted below the execution end of the ejector assembly 15 to support the execution end of the ejector assembly 15. The horizontal support assembly is a conventional technical means in the prior art, such as an electric telescopic rod, a cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. It has anti-corrosion performance and good sealing performance for underwater operation.

[0078] Example 5:

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, a sample test is given. 20 represents a copper plate with a thickness of 4 mm, and 21 represents an aluminum plate with a thickness of 6 mm. The aluminum plate has an open groove with a depth of 4 mm. When one end of the copper plate 20 is properly positioned in the open groove, the upper surface of the copper plate 20 and the upper surface of the aluminum plate 21 are flush. Then, the two are placed together in a water tank and welded using the welding process of this application.

[0080] Test conditions are classified as follows:

[0081] (1) Fixed spray water cooling: The spray pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the water tank 6, the coolant flow rate is 500mL / min, and the coolant temperature is controlled at 20℃;

[0082] (2) Follow-up spray water cooling: The spray pipe 7 is fixed on the stirring head 3, the flow rate of the coolant is 500 mL / min, and the temperature of the coolant is controlled at 20℃;

[0083] (3) Immersion water cooling: The liquid level of the coolant in the water tank 6 is higher than the welding area, and is uniformly set to be 2mm higher than the welding area;

[0084] (4) Add aluminum cladding plate 4: Cover the welding area with an aluminum plate with a thickness of 1mm;

[0085] (5) Offset welding: 2 / 3 of the needle tip 301 is located at aluminum material 2, and 1 / 3 of the needle tip 301 is located at copper material 1.

[0086] The test results are classified as follows:

[0087] (1) Obtain the “weld appearance” and “weld density” through visual inspection;

[0088] (2) Weld tensile strength (unit: MPa), the test standard is: GB / T 2651-2023.

[0089] Meaning of each symbol:

[0090] "×" indicates that the test condition was not used, and "√" indicates that the test condition was used.

[0091] Multiple sets of sample tests were conducted, using the controlled variable method to uniquely change the test conditions for each welding process. The test results for each set of sample tests were measured and recorded, resulting in the results shown in Table 1 below:

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] Based on Table 1 and the results of each test example, it can be seen that the weld obtained without using any of the test conditions of this application has cracks and is porous, and its tensile strength is poor; while the weld obtained using any of the test conditions of this application has a dense and solid appearance, and its tensile strength is better. In addition, comparing the four groups of single test conditions, the weld with the highest tensile strength is the one with immersion water cooling, and the lowest is the one with the addition of aluminum cladding. At the same time, according to test example five, the test conditions of simultaneously using immersion water cooling and adding aluminum cladding can achieve the effect of superimposing tensile strength. According to test example six, the test conditions of simultaneously using immersion water cooling, adding aluminum cladding, and offset welding can also achieve the effect of superimposing tensile strength, and the tensile strength is better than that of test example five.

[0095] The above description provides a detailed account of one embodiment of the present invention. However, this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent variations and improvements made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for use with dissimilar materials, the fixture comprising: Includes a carrier plate (5) for supporting copper material (1) and aluminum material (2), and the carrier plate (5) is provided with a clamp for fixing the positions of the copper material (1) and aluminum material (2); The welding fixture also includes a water tank (6) that can accommodate a carrier plate (5) and allow coolant to immerse the welding area between the copper material (1) and the aluminum material (2), and a spray assembly that can spray coolant onto the welding area in a fixed or movable manner. The spray assembly includes a spray pipe (7) whose outlet end can extend into the water tank (6). The spray pipe (7) is set on the water tank (6) or the stirring head (3). When the spray pipe (7) is fixedly set on the water tank (6), it realizes fixed spraying of the welding area. When the spray pipe (7) is fixedly set on the stirring head (3) or movably set on the water tank (6), it realizes welding spraying of the welding area.

2. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening of the water tank (6) is higher than the welding area of ​​both the copper material (1) and the aluminum material (2) so that the coolant in the water tank (6) can act on the welding area in an immersion manner.

3. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The welding fixture also includes a condenser assembly (8), a drive source (9), and a filter assembly (10). The outlet of the condenser assembly (8) is connected to the inlet of the drive source (9) through a first pipe (11), and the outlet of the drive source (9) is connected to the spray pipe (7) through a second pipe (12). A drain pipe (14) is connected to the water tank (6), and the drain pipe (14) is connected to the inlet of the filter assembly (10) through a third pipe (13). The outlet of the filter assembly (10) is connected to the inlet of the condenser assembly (8) through a fourth pipe (18).

4. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, A valve is installed on the spray pipe (7).

5. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The spray pipe (7) is configured as a universal flexible hose so that the angle of its water outlet end is adjustable.

6. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The spray pipe (7) is detachably equipped with a nozzle at its water outlet so that its water outlet state can be switched to either columnar or mist-like.

7. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The carrier plate (5) is evenly distributed with multiple sets of assembly holes (19), which are used for fixture installation.

8. The welding fixture for dissimilar materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least two sets of positioning blocks are installed on the assembly hole (19), and a limiting area is formed between any two adjacent sets of positioning blocks. This area is adjustable in size and is used to limit the copper material (1) and aluminum material (2).

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