A photovoltaic-photothermal assembly for an evaporator

Abstract

This utility model discloses a photovoltaic-thermal module for an evaporator, including a photovoltaic module, a heat absorber plate, a heat absorption channel, and a frame. A junction box is provided inside the photovoltaic module. The heat absorber plate is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic module, and the heat absorption channel is fixedly connected to the heat absorber plate. Refrigerant circulates within the heat absorption channel. The heat absorption channel includes a manifold and branch pipes. The manifold has a closed design at both ends and is connected to a connecting pipe. The branch pipes are internally threaded thin tubes with a diameter of 3-10 mm. Both ends of the branch pipes are connected to the manifold, and one or more semi-circular bends are provided along the length of the same branch pipe. Using this photovoltaic-thermal module significantly reduces the risk of photovoltaic panel deformation and microcracks in the solar cells, simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces costs, and optimizes heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic and solar thermal equipment technology, specifically to a photovoltaic and solar thermal component for an evaporator. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic-thermal integrated panels combine photovoltaic power generation with solar thermal utilization, which can significantly improve the overall utilization rate of solar energy.

[0003] Currently, there are two types of integrated photovoltaic and solar thermal panels. One type has a heat-absorbing core installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel, with heat collection channels on the core. A heat transfer medium, which is a liquid including water, antifreeze, or thermal oil, circulates within the channels. The heat from the photovoltaic module is circulated to a hot water storage tank through the heat transfer medium. The other type has a heat-absorbing core installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel, with heat collection channels on the core. A refrigerant circulates within the channels, and the heat from the photovoltaic panel is converted into hot water by the compressor of a heat pump. This heat collection core is used as the evaporator of the heat pump.

[0004] The current solution for photovoltaic (PV) thermal modules used in evaporators is the expansion plate type. An expansion plate is mounted on the back of the PV module using thermally conductive adhesive. The expansion plate has an inlet and an outlet. In this design, one side of the expansion plate absorbs heat energy from the PV module through thermal conductivity, while the other side is in direct contact with the ambient air, absorbing heat from the air. The heat absorbed by both sides is then used to reheat the heat pump compressor via refrigerant. Because the expansion plate has a large area, its absorption effect is good. However, the following problems also exist:

[0005] 1. High risk of photovoltaic panel deformation and microcracks: Due to the significant difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between photovoltaic modules and expansion plates, the two materials expand and contract differently when the module's operating temperature changes drastically, generating significant stress inside the photovoltaic panel. This stress can easily cause warping and deformation of the photovoltaic panel, leading to microcracks in the photovoltaic cells that are invisible to the naked eye. Ultimately, this results in a decrease in the photovoltaic module's power generation efficiency or even failure, severely affecting the module's reliability and lifespan.

[0006] 2. Difficult and costly processing and manufacturing: The large area of ​​the expansion plate is comparable to that of a photovoltaic module. It requires high flatness, is difficult to process and form, and has high manufacturing costs, which is not conducive to the promotion and application of this technology.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic thermal module for evaporators to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a photovoltaic thermal module for evaporators, which avoids bending deformation of photovoltaic panels and microcracks in solar cells, and reduces manufacturing difficulty.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0010] A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator includes a photovoltaic module, a heat absorber plate, a heat absorber channel, and a frame. A junction box is located inside the photovoltaic module. The heat absorber plate is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic module. The heat absorber channel is fixedly connected to the heat absorber plate and circulates refrigerant within it. The heat absorber channel includes a manifold and branch pipes. The manifold has closed ends and is connected to a connecting pipe. The branch pipes are threaded thin tubes with a diameter of 3-10 mm. Both ends of the branch pipes are connected to the manifold, and one or more semi-circular bends are provided along the length of the same branch pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the heat absorber is an Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber. The heat absorption channel and the photovoltaic module are connected and fixed by multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates. The multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates are arranged side by side along the length of the heat absorption channel. The Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate includes multiple Ω-shaped tube grooves arranged laterally for fixing the heat absorption channel. Flat heat absorber plates are provided on both sides of the Ω-shaped tube grooves. The flat heat absorber plates are used to connect and fix to the back of the photovoltaic module. Thermally conductive adhesive is coated between the Ω-shaped tube grooves and the heat absorption channel. A thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the flat heat absorber plates and the back of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] Preferably, the manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold located at both ends of the branch pipe and respectively connected to the branch pipe. The first manifold has a plug in the middle, which divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port.

[0013] Preferably, the manifold includes an inlet manifold, an outlet manifold, and a second manifold, with the inlet and outlet manifolds located on the same side. One end of a branch pipe is connected to the inlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. Another branch pipe is connected to the outlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port, with the inlet manifold connected to the inlet port and the outlet manifold connected to the outlet port.

[0014] Preferably, the manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold located at both ends of the branch pipe and connected to the branch pipe respectively. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port, with the first manifold connected to the inlet port and the second manifold connected to the outlet port.

[0015] Preferably, the manifold includes a first manifold with a plug in the middle of its interior, which divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The branch pipe is a U-shaped pipe, with one end connected to the inlet manifold and the other end connected to the outlet manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port, with the inlet manifold connected to the inlet port and the outlet manifold connected to the outlet port.

[0016] Preferably, the photovoltaic module is provided with an upper glass cover plate, and a hollow layer is provided between the upper glass cover plate and the photovoltaic module, with a thickness of 5-30mm.

[0017] Preferably, the Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate is a thin cold-rolled metal plate, including a thin cold-rolled aluminum plate, a thin cold-rolled iron plate, or a thin cold-rolled stainless steel plate, and the surface of the Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate is provided with cold-pressed patterns.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. Significantly reduces the risk of photovoltaic panel deformation and microcracks in solar cells: By replacing the traditional single expansion plate with multiple independent parallel Ω-shaped tube-groove heat absorption plates, combined with a heat absorption channel design featuring one or more semi-circular bends in the branch pipes, the stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the photovoltaic module and the heat absorption plate is effectively absorbed. The semi-circular bend structure allows the branch pipes to absorb stress along their length when the temperature changes, preventing stress transmission to the photovoltaic panel. This fundamentally solves the problems of microcracks in solar cells and warping of the photovoltaic panel, improving module reliability and lifespan.

[0020] 2. Simplified manufacturing process and reduced costs: The use of multiple independent, parallel Ω-shaped tube heat absorption plates significantly reduces processing difficulty: the small metal plate forming process is simple, the flatness is easy to control, and the surface cold-pressed pattern further reduces the structural weight. Compared with large-area monolithic expansion plates, its raw material costs are lower and processing efficiency is higher, which is conducive to large-scale production and promotion.

[0021] 3. Optimize heat exchange efficiency: The branch pipe is internally threaded to increase the heat exchange area for refrigerant flow; the Ω-shaped tube groove and the heat absorption channel are filled with thermally conductive adhesive, and a thermally conductive adhesive layer is placed between the flat heat absorption plate and the photovoltaic module to ensure efficient heat transfer. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of the Ω-shaped tube-groove heat absorber plate;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption channel in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption channel in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption channel in Embodiment 4 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption channel in Embodiment 5 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a side view of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0031] Among them, 1-photovoltaic module, 2-thermal conductive adhesive layer, 3-Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate, 301-Ω-shaped tube groove, 302-flat heat absorber plate, 4-heat absorption channel, 401-branch pipe, 402-semi-arc bend, 403-first manifold, 404-second manifold, 405-plug, 406-liquid inlet manifold, 407-liquid outlet manifold, 408-liquid inlet interface, 409-liquid outlet interface, 5-frame, 6-upper glass cover plate, 7-hollow layer Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixed connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this utility model, terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", and "top" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the structural relationship between the various components or elements of this utility model and do not specifically refer to any component or element in this utility model. They should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0035] Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator includes a photovoltaic module 1, a heat absorber plate, a heat absorber channel 4, and a frame 5. The frame surrounds the photovoltaic module, the heat absorber plate, and the heat absorber channel. A junction box 101 is installed inside the photovoltaic module. The heat absorber plate is connected and fixed to the back of the photovoltaic module. The heat absorber channel is fixed to the heat absorber plate. Refrigerant circulates inside the heat absorber channel. The heat absorber channel includes a manifold and a branch pipe 401. The manifold has a closed design at both ends and is connected to a connecting pipe. The branch pipe is a threaded thin tube with a diameter of 5 mm. Both ends of the branch pipe are connected to the manifold. One or more semi-circular bends 402 are provided along the length of the same branch pipe. The use of a threaded thin tube in the branch pipe is to increase the heat exchange area for refrigerant flow.

[0036] The heat absorber is an Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber 3. The heat absorption channel and the photovoltaic module are connected and fixed by multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates. The multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates are arranged side by side along the length of the heat absorption channel. The Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate includes multiple Ω-shaped tube grooves 301 arranged in the transverse direction for fixing the heat absorption channel. Flat heat absorber plates 302 are provided on both sides of the Ω-shaped tube groove. The flat heat absorber plates are used to connect and fix to the back of the photovoltaic module. Thermally conductive adhesive is coated between the Ω-shaped tube groove and the heat absorption channel. A thermally conductive adhesive layer 2 is provided between the flat heat absorber plate and the back of the photovoltaic module to ensure efficient heat transfer.

[0037] Example 2, as Figure 5 As shown, the manifold includes a first manifold 403 and a second manifold 404 located at both ends of the branch pipe and respectively connected to the branch pipe. A plug 405 is provided in the middle of the first manifold, which divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold 406 and an outlet manifold 407. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port 408, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port 409.

[0038] Example 3, as Figure 6 As shown, the manifold includes an independently configured inlet manifold 406, an outlet manifold 407, and a second manifold 404. The inlet manifold and the outlet manifold are located on the same side. One end of a branch pipe is connected to the inlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. Another branch pipe is connected to the outlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port 408, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port 409.

[0039] Example 4, as Figure 7 As shown, the manifold includes a first manifold 403 and a second manifold 404 located at both ends of the branch pipe and connected to the branch pipe respectively. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The first manifold is connected to the inlet port 408, and the second manifold is connected to the outlet port 409.

[0040] Example 5, as Figure 8 As shown, the manifold includes a first manifold 403, with a plug 405 in the middle inside the first manifold. The plug divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold 406 and an outlet manifold 407. The branch pipe is a U-shaped pipe, with one end connected to the inlet manifold and the other end connected to the outlet manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port 408, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port 409.

[0041] Example 6, as Figure 9 As shown, an upper glass cover plate 6 is provided above the photovoltaic module, and a hollow layer 7 with a thickness of 20mm is provided between the upper glass cover plate and the photovoltaic module to reduce the loss of heat on the upper surface of the photovoltaic module and increase the heat collection efficiency.

[0042] The branch pipes of the heat absorption channel are made of copper with a diameter of ≤8mm. The Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorption plate is made of thin cold-rolled aluminum plate. The surface of the Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorption plate is decorated with cold-pressed patterns, which can further reduce the structural weight.

[0043] The principle of a photovoltaic thermal module for evaporators:

[0044] Segmented heat absorber design: Multiple independent Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorbers are arranged in parallel, dividing the large-size heat absorber into multiple small units. The size of a single heat absorber is reduced, the thermal deformation displacement is greatly reduced, and each heat absorber can expand and contract independently, avoiding stress accumulation and transmission to the photovoltaic panel, and eliminating the risk of microcracks in the solar cells.

[0045] Semi-arc bend structure to compensate for displacement: The branch pipe of the heat absorption channel is provided with one or more semi-arc bends in the length direction. The semi-arc bends absorb the linear expansion of the branch pipe due to temperature changes. Combined with multiple independent heat absorption plates, a dual stress release mechanism is formed, which completely isolates the direct impact of thermal stress on the photovoltaic panel.

[0046] Parallel flow channel design for uniform flow distribution: The parallel design of multiple branch pipes reduces the flow resistance of individual branch pipes and avoids "dead zones" caused by uneven flow distribution. The refrigerant absorbs heat evenly on the surface of the heat absorption plate, which greatly improves the overall thermal efficiency of the evaporator.

[0047] The foregoing description illustrates and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention. As previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or related technical or knowledge. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator, comprising a photovoltaic module, a heat absorption plate, a heat absorption channel, and a frame, wherein a junction box is provided inside the photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The heat absorption plate is fixedly connected to the back of the photovoltaic module, and the heat absorption channel is fixedly connected to the heat absorption plate. The refrigerant circulates inside the heat absorption channel. The heat absorption channel includes a manifold and a branch pipe. The manifold has a closed design at both ends and is connected to a connecting pipe. The branch pipe is a threaded thin pipe with a diameter of 3-10mm. Both ends of the branch pipe are connected to the manifold. One or more semi-circular bends are provided along the length of the same branch pipe.

2. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat absorber is an Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber. The heat absorption channel and the photovoltaic module are connected and fixed by multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates. The multiple Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plates are arranged side by side along the length of the heat absorption channel. The Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate includes multiple Ω-shaped tube grooves arranged laterally to fix the heat absorption channel. Flat heat absorber plates are provided on both sides of the Ω-shaped tube grooves. The flat heat absorber plates are used to connect and fix to the back of the photovoltaic module. Thermally conductive adhesive is coated between the Ω-shaped tube grooves and the heat absorption channel. A thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the flat heat absorber plates and the back of the photovoltaic module.

3. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold located at both ends of the branch pipe and respectively connected to the branch pipe. The first manifold has a plug in the middle, which divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port.

4. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manifold includes an inlet manifold, an outlet manifold, and a second manifold. The inlet manifold and the outlet manifold are arranged on the same side. One end of a branch pipe is connected to the inlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. Another branch pipe is connected to the outlet manifold, and the other end is connected to the second manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet manifold is connected to the inlet port, and the outlet manifold is connected to the outlet port.

5. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manifold includes a first manifold and a second manifold located at both ends of the branch pipe and connected to the branch pipe respectively. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port. The first manifold is connected to the inlet port and the second manifold is connected to the outlet port.

6. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manifold includes a first manifold with a plug in the middle, which divides the first manifold into an independent inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. The branch pipe is a U-shaped pipe, with one end connected to the inlet manifold and the other end connected to the outlet manifold. The connecting pipe includes an inlet port and an outlet port, with the inlet manifold connected to the inlet port and the outlet manifold connected to the outlet port.

7. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is equipped with an upper glass cover, and a hollow layer is set between the upper glass cover and the photovoltaic module. The thickness of the hollow layer is 5-30mm.

8. A photovoltaic thermal module for an evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate is a thin cold-rolled metal plate, including a thin cold-rolled aluminum plate, a thin cold-rolled iron plate, or a thin cold-rolled stainless steel plate, and the surface of the Ω-shaped tube groove heat absorber plate is provided with cold-pressed patterns.

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