A self-priming pump
By using a medium circulation lubrication and automatic liquid level sealing component, the problems of dry running of the mechanical seal and blockage of the reflux hole in the self-priming pump are solved, thus achieving efficient and stable operation of the self-priming pump.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAN PUMP & VALVE GENERAL FACTORY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing self-priming pumps suffer from issues such as dry wear of the mechanical seal during self-priming, increased cost due to the need for external cooling water, failure of the return hole to automatically seal, and backflow of the medium after pump shutdown, leading to malfunction.
The design includes a media circulation path, a sealing component, and a control component. The media circulation lubrication mechanical seal automatically seals the reflux hole by utilizing changes in liquid level to prevent media backflow.
Extend the life of mechanical seals, reduce costs, improve the efficiency of self-priming pumps, and ensure stable operation of self-priming pumps.
Smart Images
Figure CN224413887U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pump technology, specifically to a self-priming pump. Background Technology
[0002] A self-priming pump is a fluid transport device with self-priming capability. Initial startup requires priming and venting; subsequent startups do not require priming, relying solely on the pump's own structure to quickly complete the air-suction and water-suction operations. Its typical working principle is as follows: a certain amount of medium is pre-stored inside the pump body. After startup, the impeller rotates at high speed, thoroughly mixing the air in the suction pipe with the medium inside the pump and transporting it to the gas-liquid separation chamber. The gas is discharged from the upper part of the separation chamber, while the liquid flows back to the impeller inlet through the return hole at the lower part of the volute, continuously mixing with the gas in the pipe until the gas in the pump body and suction pipe is completely emptied, completing the self-priming process and entering normal water transport mode. It is widely used in fluid transport scenarios requiring no priming for startup, such as water supply and drainage, chemical industry, and agricultural irrigation.
[0003] During the self-priming process, existing self-priming pumps have almost no water inside the impeller. Using a single-end-face cartridge mechanical seal leads to dry running and shortened lifespan. Using a double-end-face mechanical seal requires a separate external cooling water supply, increasing the complexity and cost of the entire pump system and reducing overall efficiency. After self-priming, the small pressure difference across the return port prevents automatic sealing, further degrading overall pump performance. During pump shutdown, the motor stops outputting power, the impeller stops rotating, and the medium in the self-priming pipe begins to flow back due to gravity. This causes the impeller to reverse, resulting in liquid overflowing the pump and preventing subsequent normal operation.
[0004] Therefore, a self-priming pump is needed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a self-priming pump, comprising: a pump body, a pump body inlet, a pump body outlet, a pump cover, an impeller, a control assembly, a first pipeline assembly, a second pipeline assembly, a sealing assembly, and a mechanical seal;
[0006] The pump body has an inlet on one side and a cover on the other side. The pump body has an outlet at the top. A flow pipe is provided inside the pump body. One end of the flow pipe is connected to the inlet and the other end is connected to the pump cover. An impeller is rotatably installed in the flow pipe near the cover. A mechanical seal is installed in the cover at the impeller position.
[0007] The control component is provided inside the pump body inlet, and the first pipeline component and the second pipeline component are respectively provided on the pump body and the pump cover. The sealing component is provided inside the pump body.
[0008] A sealing cavity is formed between the pump cover, the impeller, and the mechanical seal.
[0009] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the pump body includes: a liquid storage chamber, a gas-liquid separation chamber, a reflux chamber, a reflux inlet, and a reflux hole;
[0010] The flow pipeline divides the pump body into a liquid storage chamber and a gas-liquid separation chamber. The bottom of the liquid storage chamber is provided with a reflux cavity. The reflux cavity is provided with a reflux inlet communicating with the liquid storage chamber and a reflux hole communicating with the impeller.
[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the end of the impeller furthest from the reflux hole is connected to the gas-liquid separation chamber via a volute-type outlet.
[0012] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the first piping assembly includes: a first interface, a first pipe, and a second interface;
[0013] The first interface is located on the pump body and communicates with the pump body inlet, the second interface is located on the pump cover and communicates with the sealing cavity, and the first interface and the second interface are connected by the first pipeline.
[0014] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the second conduit assembly includes: a third interface, a second conduit, and a fourth interface;
[0015] The third interface is located on the pump cover and communicates with the sealing cavity, the fourth interface is located on the pump body and communicates with the liquid storage chamber, and the third interface and the fourth interface are connected by the second pipeline.
[0016] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly includes: a hollow float, a counterweight ball, and a traction line;
[0017] The hollow float is disposed in the gas-liquid separation chamber, the counterweight ball is disposed in the reflux chamber, and the traction line connects the hollow float and the counterweight ball.
[0018] Furthermore, preferably, the diameter of the counterweight ball is larger than the diameter of the reflux inlet.
[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the control assembly includes: a mating flange, a magnet, an electromagnet, a rotating shaft, and a limiting component;
[0020] The mating flange is located at the inlet of the pump body, and an annular magnet is provided on the mating flange. The electromagnet is rotatably mounted on the mating flange via the rotating shaft.
[0021] The limiting member is provided on the inner wall of the pump body inlet, and the outer surface of the limiting member matches the shape of the outer surface of the electromagnet.
[0022] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the end of the impeller furthest from the flow pipe is connected to an external drive device via a connecting shaft.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a self-priming pump, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0024] Advantage 1: This application forms a medium circulation path with the first pipeline assembly, the second pipeline assembly and the sealing cavity. During the self-priming process, the mechanical seal is always immersed in the medium in the liquid storage chamber. After the self-priming is completed, the pressure difference increases, and the medium circulation can still continuously provide lubrication for the mechanical seal. There is no need for external cooling water, which not only avoids the dry wear of the mechanical seal and extends its service life, but also simplifies the structure of the self-priming pump system, reduces costs and improves the efficiency of the self-priming pump.
[0025] Advantage 2: This application sets up a sealing assembly consisting of a hollow float, a counterweight ball, and a traction line in the pump body. During the self-priming stage, the sinking of the counterweight ball does not affect the medium backflow. After self-priming is completed, the backflow hole is automatically sealed by the liquid level change. This solves the problem that existing self-priming pumps cannot automatically seal due to the small pressure difference on both sides of the backflow hole, and effectively improves the overall working performance of the self-priming pump.
[0026] Advantage 3: This application sets up a control component at the pump body inlet, consisting of a mating flange, a magnet, an electromagnet, a rotating shaft, and a limiting component. This prevents the medium from flowing back after the pump stops, which could cause the impeller to reverse or the liquid stored in the pump to overflow. This ensures that the pump body stores a sufficient amount of liquid, shortens the time for secondary self-priming, and ensures that the self-priming pump can work normally and stably in the future. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a self-priming pump structure Figure 1 ;
[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a self-priming pump structure Figure 2 ;
[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged detail image of point A in the middle;
[0030] Figure 4 State of a self-priming pump control component Figure 1 ;
[0031] Figure 5State of a self-priming pump control component Figure 2 ;
[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a self-priming pump shaft structure;
[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a self-priming pump drive device;
[0034] In the diagram: 1. Pump body; 11. Liquid storage chamber; 12. Gas-liquid separation chamber; 13. Reflux chamber; 14. Reflux inlet; 15. Reflux hole; 2. Pump body inlet; 3. Pump body outlet; 4. Pump cover; 5. Impeller; 6. Control components; 61. Matching flange; 62. Magnet; 63. Electromagnet; 64. Shaft; 65. Limiting component; 641. Bearing; 7. First pipeline assembly; 71. First interface; 72. First pipeline; 73. Second interface; 8. Second pipeline assembly; 81. Third interface; 82. Second pipeline; 83. Fourth interface; 9. Sealing assembly; 91. Hollow float; 92. Counterweight ball; 93. Traction line; 10. Mechanical seal; 101. Sealing cavity; 102. Drive device; 103. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Please see Figures 1-7 This utility model provides a self-priming pump, including: a pump body 1, a pump body inlet 2, a pump body outlet 3, a pump cover 4, an impeller 5, a control component 6, a first pipeline component 7, a second pipeline component 8, a sealing component 9, and a mechanical seal 10.
[0036] The pump body 1 has a pump inlet 2 on one side and a pump cover 4 on the other side. The pump body 1 has a pump outlet 3 at the top. A flow pipe is installed inside the pump body 1. One end of the flow pipe is connected to the pump inlet 2, and the other end is connected to the pump cover 4 on the pump body 1. An impeller 5 is rotatably installed at the end of the flow pipe near the pump cover 4. A mechanical seal 10 is installed inside the pump cover 4 at the position of the impeller 5.
[0037] A control component 6 is installed inside the pump body inlet 2. A first pipeline component 7 and a second pipeline component 8 are respectively installed on the pump body 1 and the pump cover 4. A sealing component 9 is installed inside the pump body 1.
[0038] A sealing cavity 101 is formed between the pump cover 4, the impeller 5 and the mechanical seal 10.
[0039] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a medium flow circulation is formed between the pump body 1, the first pipeline assembly 7, the pump cover 4, the impeller 5, the mechanical seal 10, and the second pipeline assembly 8. The medium forms a liquid film at the moving and stationary rings of the mechanical seal 10 for lubrication. An automatic opening and closing device for the return hole 15 is formed between the pump body 1 and the sealing assembly 9. The control assembly 6 can realize the synchronous connection and sealing operation of the pump body inlet 2 as the self-priming pump operates.
[0040] Furthermore, the pump body 1 includes: a liquid storage chamber 11, a gas-liquid separation chamber 12, a reflux chamber 13, a reflux inlet 14, and a reflux hole 15;
[0041] The flow pipeline divides the pump body 1 into a liquid storage chamber 11 and a gas-liquid separation chamber 12. A return chamber 13 is provided at the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 11. A return inlet 14 communicating with the liquid storage chamber 11 and a return hole 15 communicating with the impeller 5 are respectively opened on the return chamber 13.
[0042] Furthermore, the end of the impeller 5 furthest from the reflux hole 15 is connected to the gas-liquid separation chamber 12 through the volute-type discharge port 103.
[0043] Furthermore, the first conduit assembly 7 includes: a first interface 71, a first conduit 72, and a second interface 73;
[0044] The first interface 71 is located on the pump body 1 and is connected to the pump body inlet 2. The second interface 73 is located on the pump cover 4 and is connected to the sealing cavity 101. The first interface 71 and the second interface 73 are connected by the first pipeline 72.
[0045] Furthermore, the second conduit assembly 8 includes: a third interface 81, a second conduit 82, and a fourth interface 83;
[0046] The third interface 81 is located on the pump cover 4 and is connected to the sealing cavity 101. The fourth interface 83 is located on the pump body 1 and is connected to the liquid storage chamber 11. The third interface 81 and the fourth interface 83 are connected by the second pipeline 82.
[0047] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the self-priming pump needs to be primed upon initial use. The medium is stored in the liquid storage chamber 11 within the pump body 1. During this time, the impeller 5 and mechanical seal 10 are always immersed in the medium. During the self-priming process, due to the small pressure difference within the pump, the medium cannot circulate, and the mechanical seal 10 remains immersed in the medium, thus receiving lubrication. After the self-priming pump continues to self-prime and expels air from the flow pipeline and the gas-liquid separation chamber 12, the pressure difference within the pump increases, allowing the medium to circulate, and the mechanical seal 10 continues to receive lubrication. When the self-priming pump is started a second time, because the liquid storage chamber 11 contains sufficient medium, repeating the above steps ensures continuous self-lubrication of the mechanical seal 10.
[0048] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, specifically: when the self-priming pump starts, the pressure in the pump body inlet 2 and impeller 5 is lower than the pressure in the liquid storage chamber 11. Under the action of the pressure difference, the pressure forces the medium in the liquid storage chamber 11 into the second pipeline 82 through the fourth interface 83. Subsequently, the medium in the second pipeline 82 enters the sealing cavity 101 through the third interface 81, realizing the lubrication operation of the mechanical seal 10. The medium that has completed the lubrication operation will enter the first pipeline 72 through the second interface 73. Subsequently, the medium in the first pipeline 72 enters the pump body inlet 2 through the first interface 71, and flows back to the impeller 5 after passing through the flow pipeline, thus forming a circulation.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the present application forms a medium circulation path with the first pipeline assembly 7, the second pipeline assembly 8 and the sealing cavity 101. During the self-priming process, the mechanical seal 10 is always immersed in the medium in the liquid storage chamber 11. After the self-priming is completed, the pressure difference increases, and the medium circulation can still continuously provide lubrication for the mechanical seal 10. There is no need for external cooling water, which not only avoids the dry wear of the mechanical seal 10 and extends its service life, but also simplifies the structure of the self-priming pump system, reduces costs and improves the efficiency of the self-priming pump.
[0050] Furthermore, the sealing component 9 includes: a hollow float 91, a counterweight ball 92, and a traction line 93;
[0051] The hollow float 91 is located in the gas-liquid separation chamber 12, the counterweight ball 92 is located in the reflux chamber 13, and a traction line 93 connects the hollow float 91 and the counterweight ball 92.
[0052] Furthermore, the diameter of the counterweight ball 92 is larger than the diameter of the reflux inlet 14.
[0053] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically: when the self-priming pump is in the self-priming stage, the counterweight ball 92 sinks to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 11 under the action of gravity. The medium enters the impeller 5 through the return hole 15, mixes with air in the impeller 5, and is discharged into the gas-liquid separation chamber 12 through the volute-type discharge port 103. This cycle continues until all the air in the flow pipeline is purged. After the air in the flow pipeline is purged, the medium level in the gas-liquid separation chamber 12 gradually rises. When the medium level rises to the position of the hollow float ball 91, the hollow float ball 91 rises along with the medium level in the pump body 1. During the rising process of the hollow float ball 91, the traction line 93 pulls the counterweight ball 92 to rise synchronously. Since the diameter of the return inlet 14 is smaller than the diameter of the counterweight ball 92, the counterweight ball 92 will block the return inlet 14. At this time, the return hole 15 stops flowing back, thus sealing the return hole 15 and improving the working efficiency of the pump unit.
[0054] As a preferred embodiment, this application provides a sealing component 9 consisting of a hollow float 91, a counterweight ball 92, and a traction line 93 inside the pump body 1. During the self-priming stage, the sinking of the counterweight ball 92 does not affect the return flow of the medium. After the self-priming is completed, the return hole 15 is automatically sealed by the change in liquid level. This solves the problem that existing self-priming pumps cannot automatically seal due to the small pressure difference on both sides of the return hole 15, and effectively improves the overall working performance of the self-priming pump.
[0055] Furthermore, the control component 6 includes: a mating flange 61, a magnet 62, an electromagnet 63, a rotating shaft 64, and a limiting component 65;
[0056] Among them, the mating flange 61 is located at the pump body inlet 2, and the mating flange 61 is provided with an annular magnet 62. The electromagnet 63 is rotatably mounted on the mating flange 61 via the rotating shaft 64.
[0057] A limiting element 65 is provided on the inner wall of the pump body inlet 2, and the outer surface of the limiting element 65 matches the shape of the outer surface of the electromagnet 63.
[0058] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, specifically: when the self-priming pump starts, the electromagnet 63 is energized and acquires magnetism. The electrodes are adjusted so that the contact surfaces of the electromagnet 63 and the magnet 62 acquire the same magnetism. Utilizing the principle of magnetic repulsion, the electromagnet 63 begins to rotate (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As indicated by the middle arrow, when the electromagnet 63 rotates around the shaft 64 by a certain angle, it will come into contact with the limiting member 65 (as shown by the middle arrow). Figure 5 (As shown in the middle state), to prevent the electromagnet 63 from getting stuck on the inner wall of the pump body inlet 2, ensuring the smooth entry of the medium into the impeller 5. When the self-priming pump is shut down, the electromagnet 63 loses its magnetism and resets under the action of gravity, quickly and timely sealing the pump body inlet 2, preventing the medium in the flow pipeline from continuously flowing back, increasing the storage capacity of the medium in the liquid storage chamber 11, thereby reducing the self-priming time of the self-priming pump during secondary startup (that is, it will not affect the constant self-lubrication of the mechanical seal 10), and improving the overall performance of the self-priming pump.
[0059] It should be noted that in this application, the electromagnet 63 is externally powered, and the control assembly 6 also has an annular rubber ring (not shown in the figure), which can serve as a seal when the mating flange 61 is installed. The rotating shaft 64 achieves rotation through the bearing 641.
[0060] As a preferred embodiment, this application provides a control component 6 at the pump body inlet 2, consisting of a mating flange 61, a magnet 62, an electromagnet 63, a rotating shaft 64, and a limiting component 65, to prevent the impeller 5 from reversing and the liquid stored in the pump from flowing back after the pump stops, ensuring that the pump body 1 stores a sufficient amount of liquid, shortening the self-priming time for secondary startup, and ensuring that the self-priming pump can work normally and stably in the future.
[0061] Furthermore, the end of the impeller 5 furthest from the flow pipeline is connected to the external drive unit 102 via a connecting shaft.
[0062] In this embodiment, the drive device 102 provides power to the impeller 5. The drive device 102 can be any commonly available motor, or it can be replaced according to actual needs.
[0063] In practical implementation, this application establishes a medium circulation system through the pump body 1, pump cover 4, impeller 5, mechanical seal 10, and two sets of piping assemblies, providing continuous lubrication for the mechanical seal 10 to prevent dry friction. The liquid level change in the gas-liquid separation chamber 12 drives the hollow float 91 and counterweight ball 92 to automatically seal the backflow hole 15, improving pump efficiency. A control component 6 is installed at the pump body inlet 2, automatically opening and closing the pump body inlet 2 during start-up and shutdown, preventing backflow of the medium and ensuring stable operation and long-term use of the self-priming pump.
[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A self-priming pump characterized by: include: Pump body (1), pump body inlet (2), pump body outlet (3), pump cover (4), impeller (5), control assembly (6), first pipeline assembly (7), second pipeline assembly (8), sealing assembly (9), and mechanical seal (10); The pump body (1) has a pump inlet (2) on one side and a pump cover (4) on the other side. The pump body (1) has a pump outlet (3) at the top. A flow pipe is provided inside the pump body (1). One end of the flow pipe is connected to the pump inlet (2), and the other end is connected to the pump cover (4) on the pump body (1). An impeller (5) is rotatably provided at one end of the flow pipe near the pump cover (4). A mechanical seal (10) is provided inside the pump cover (4) at the position of the impeller (5). The control component (6) is provided inside the pump body inlet (2), the first pipeline component (7) and the second pipeline component (8) are respectively provided on the pump body (1) and the pump cover (4), and the sealing component (9) is provided inside the pump body (1). A sealing cavity (101) is formed between the pump cover (4), the impeller (5) and the mechanical seal (10).
2. A self-priming pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump body (1) includes: a liquid storage chamber (11), a gas-liquid separation chamber (12), a reflux chamber (13), a reflux inlet (14), and a reflux hole (15); The flow pipeline divides the pump body (1) into the liquid storage chamber (11) and the gas-liquid separation chamber (12). The liquid storage chamber (11) has a reflux chamber (13) at the bottom. The reflux chamber (13) has a reflux inlet (14) communicating with the liquid storage chamber (11) and a reflux hole (15) communicating with the impeller (5).
3. A self-priming pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the impeller (5) away from the reflux hole (15) is connected to the gas-liquid separation chamber (12) through a volute-type outlet (103).
4. A self-priming pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipeline assembly (7) includes: a first interface (71), a first pipeline (72), and a second interface (73); The first interface (71) is located on the pump body (1) and is connected to the pump body inlet (2). The second interface (73) is located on the pump cover (4) and is connected to the sealing cavity (101). The first interface (71) and the second interface (73) are connected through the first pipeline (72).
5. A self-priming pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second conduit assembly (8) includes: a third interface (81), a second conduit (82), and a fourth interface (83); The third interface (81) is located on the pump cover (4) and communicates with the sealing cavity (101). The fourth interface (83) is located on the pump body (1) and communicates with the liquid storage chamber (11). The third interface (81) and the fourth interface (83) are connected through the second pipeline (82).
6. A self-priming pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (9) includes: a hollow float (91), a counterweight ball (92), and a traction line (93). The hollow float (91) is located in the gas-liquid separation chamber (12), the counterweight ball (92) is located in the reflux chamber (13), and the traction line (93) connects the hollow float (91) and the counterweight ball (92).
7. A self-priming pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the counterweight ball (92) is larger than the diameter of the reflux inlet (14).
8. A self-priming pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component (6) includes: a mating flange (61), a magnet (62), an electromagnet (63), a rotating shaft (64), and a limiting component (65). The mating flange (61) is located at the pump body inlet (2), and the mating flange (61) is provided with an annular magnet (62). The electromagnet (63) is rotatably mounted on the mating flange (61) via the rotating shaft (64). The limiting member (65) is provided on the inner wall of the pump body inlet (2), and the outer surface of the limiting member (65) matches the shape of the outer surface of the electromagnet (63).
9. A self-priming pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the impeller (5) away from the flow pipeline is connected to an external drive device (102) via a connecting shaft.