High compatibility type-c interface with protocol indication identification battery pack charging scheme

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high compatibility TYPE-C interface with protocol indication identification battery pack charging scheme, comprising: Type-C interface, set to the front end of device shell surface, including VBUS pin, D+ pin, D- pin, CC pin and ground pin, for connecting external power supply;Protocol control unit, in the middle part of circuit board, its input end is connected to the VBUS pin of Type-C interface by first wire L1, for real-time monitoring input voltage;Compatible with various mobile phone fast charging, especially QC2.0 such popular rate high cannot be fine-tuned charger and ordinary USB charger to multi-section series-parallel connection battery charging, save earth resources, reduce the property safety accident and personal safety accident caused by using inferior charger, accelerate the popularization of TYPE-C in charging industry, because control unit directly samples battery voltage and charging current, improve the charging effect of battery and the life of battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of charging circuit technology, specifically relating to a highly compatible TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification. Background Technology

[0002] The need for external suppliers of chargers for detachable and portable battery packs used in power tools or garden tools, as well as chargers for multi-series and parallel battery packs, leads to a waste of resources. Furthermore, many substandard chargers that do not meet safety standards are circulating in the market, causing personal injury and property damage.

[0003] Currently, Type-C fast chargers for mobile phones are widely available, with most people owning one or two or more. To reduce waste from dedicated battery pack chargers and lower overall device costs, a unified Type-C interface design is proposed. Finished products would be sold without external chargers, using the standard, safety-certified charger that comes with the phone. However, existing removable battery pack charging solutions rely on external dedicated chargers, leading to resource waste and safety hazards. Market chargers vary in quality and lack a unified standard, exhibiting poor compatibility and inability to adapt to various fast charging protocols. Users cannot easily determine the charging status and protocol type. Furthermore, existing Type-C interface battery pack charging solutions cannot effectively communicate with battery protection systems, resulting in low charging efficiency and safety risks such as overcharging and overheating, thus limiting the widespread application of the Type-C interface in the battery pack field. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide a highly compatible TYPE-C interface with protocol indication and identification battery pack charging scheme to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a highly compatible TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification, comprising:

[0006] The Type-C interface is located on the front surface of the device housing and includes VBUS pin, D+ pin, D- pin, CC pin and ground pin, which are used to connect to an external power supply;

[0007] The protocol control unit, located in the middle of the circuit board, has its input terminal connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface via the first wire L1 for real-time monitoring of the input voltage; its output terminal is connected to the dual-group switching circuit via the second wire L2 to output PWM control signals.

[0008] The voltage regulator chip is located next to the protocol control unit. Its input terminal is connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface, and its output terminal provides a stable 5V voltage to the protocol control unit through the third wire L3.

[0009] The indicator light module circuit is installed on the top of the device housing and includes five independent LED indicators L1-L5, which are connected to the GPIO pin of the protocol control unit through the fourth wire L4 to display the charging status, power level and protocol type.

[0010] The dual-group parallel switch circuit is located on the back of the circuit board. It includes the first group of switch circuits and the second group of switch circuits, which are respectively composed of inductor L1, MOSFET Q4, and diode D5 and inductor L2, MOSFET Q3, and diode D6. The two groups of circuits are connected in parallel to the positive terminal of the battery pack.

[0011] The battery protection unit is mounted on the back of the circuit board and connects via I... 2 The C-bus SDA and SCL communicate with the protocol control unit to obtain real-time data on battery voltage, temperature, and health status.

[0012] Preferably, the protocol control unit includes:

[0013] The protocol identification module communicates with the Type-C interface through the D+ pin, D- pin, and CC pin, and supports adaptive matching of QC and PD protocols.

[0014] The voltage sampling module has its 4th pin connected to the VBUS pin for real-time input voltage detection; its 19th pin is connected to the positive terminal of the battery interface for monitoring the battery voltage.

[0015] The current control module has its 13th pin connected to the negative terminal of the battery interface through precision resistors R26 and R38 for real-time sampling of the charging current; its 12th pin is connected to the MOSFET Q5 through a driver circuit for cutting off the charging circuit when fully charged or in case of a fault.

[0016] Preferably, the indicator module supports the following modes:

[0017] Charging status modes: L1-L4 correspond to fully charged, slow charging, fast charging, and super fast charging respectively, and L5 indicates a fault;

[0018] Battery percentage mode: By short-pressing the button module, L1-L4 will display 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% respectively;

[0019] Protocol type mode: Press and hold the button module, and L1-L4 will indicate QC protocol, PD protocol, normal 5V charging and unknown protocol respectively.

[0020] Preferably, in the dual-group parallel switch circuit:

[0021] In the first set of switching circuits, the inductor L1 is connected in series with the MOSFET Q4, and the diode D5 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q4.

[0022] The inductor L2 of the second set of switching circuits is connected in series with the MOSFET Q3, and the diode D6 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q3.

[0023] The input terminals of both circuits are connected to the PWM output terminal of the protocol control unit, and the output terminals are connected in parallel and then connected to the battery interface through a copper busbar.

[0024] Preferably, the battery protection unit includes:

[0025] The voltage balancing module is connected to the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell via balancing resistors RL1-RL5;

[0026] The temperature sensor is attached to the copper busbar of the battery interface and transmits temperature data to the protocol control unit through analog signal line A1.

[0027] The overcurrent protection module has a built-in voltage and current comparator U3. When the current exceeds the threshold, it sends an emergency shutdown signal to the protocol control unit.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model provides a highly compatible TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification, offering the following advantages: This utility model integrates multiple fast charging protocols with adaptive matching through a highly compatible TYPE-C interface, reducing reliance on external chargers, lowering costs, and improving resource utilization; multi-mode indicator lights intuitively display charging status, power level, and protocol type, avoiding user misjudgment; dual-group parallel switching circuits improve power density and charging efficiency, combined with a battery protection unit to monitor voltage, temperature, and current in real time, ensuring charging safety and extending battery life; it supports customized software interfaces to adapt to different regional needs, reducing safety risks caused by inferior chargers and promoting the rapid popularization of the TYPE-C interface in the battery pack charging field. It is compatible with various existing mobile phone fast chargers, especially widely used, non-adjustable chargers like QC2.0 and ordinary USB chargers for charging multiple series and parallel batteries, saving Earth's resources, reducing property and personal safety accidents caused by using inferior chargers, accelerating the popularization of TYPE-C in the charging industry, and improving battery charging efficiency and lifespan by directly sampling battery voltage and charging current by the control unit. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 This is the circuit diagram of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2Indicator light of this utility model Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 1 A;

[0033] Figure 4 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 5 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 2 A;

[0035] Figure 6 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 7 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 3 A;

[0037] Figure 8 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 4 ;

[0038] Figure 9 Indicator light of this utility model Figure 4 A;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the English interface shell of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the Chinese interface shell of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0042] Please see Figure 1-11 This utility model provides a technical solution: a highly compatible TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification, comprising:

[0043] The Type-C interface is located on the front surface of the device housing and includes VBUS pin, D+ pin, D- pin, CC pin and ground pin, which are used to connect to an external power supply;

[0044] The protocol control unit, located in the middle of the circuit board, has its input terminal connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface via the first wire L1 for real-time monitoring of the input voltage; its output terminal is connected to the dual-group switching circuit via the second wire L2 to output PWM control signals.

[0045] The voltage regulator chip is located next to the protocol control unit. Its input terminal is connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface, and its output terminal provides a stable 5V voltage to the protocol control unit through the third wire L3.

[0046] The indicator light module circuit is installed on the top of the device housing and includes five independent LED indicators L1-L5, which are connected to the GPIO pin of the protocol control unit through the fourth wire L4 to display the charging status, power level and protocol type.

[0047] The dual-group parallel switch circuit is located on the back of the circuit board. It includes the first group of switch circuits and the second group of switch circuits, which are respectively composed of inductor L1, MOSFET Q4, and diode D5 and inductor L2, MOSFET Q3, and diode D6. The two groups of circuits are connected in parallel to the positive terminal of the battery pack.

[0048] The battery protection unit is mounted on the back of the circuit board and connects via I... 2 The C-bus SDA and SCL communicate with the protocol control unit to obtain real-time data on battery voltage, temperature, and health status.

[0049] In this invention, preferably, the protocol control unit includes: a protocol identification module that communicates with the Type-C interface via D+, D-, and CC pins, supporting adaptive matching of QC and PD protocols; a voltage sampling module whose pin 4 is connected to the VBUS pin for real-time detection of the input voltage; pin 19 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery interface for monitoring the battery voltage; and a current control module whose pin 13 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery interface via precision resistors R26 and R38 for real-time sampling of the charging current; and pin 12 is connected to the MOSFET Q5 via a drive circuit for cutting off the charging circuit when fully charged or in case of a fault.

[0050] In this utility model, preferably, the indicator light module supports the following modes: charging status mode: L1-L4 correspond to fully charged, slow charging, fast charging, and super fast charging respectively, and L5 indicates a fault; power percentage mode: by short-pressing the button module, L1-L4 sequentially display 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%; protocol type mode: by long-pressing the button module, L1-L4 respectively indicate QC protocol, PD protocol, normal 5V charging, and unknown protocol.

[0051] In this invention, preferably, in the dual-parallel switching circuit: the inductor L1 of the first switching circuit is connected in series with the MOSFET Q4, and the diode D5 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q4; the inductor L2 of the second switching circuit is connected in series with the MOSFET Q3, and the diode D6 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q3; the input terminals of the two circuits are connected together to the PWM output terminal of the protocol control unit, and the output terminals are connected in parallel and then connected to the battery interface through a copper busbar.

[0052] In this invention, preferably, the battery protection unit includes: a voltage balancing module connected to the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell via balancing resistors RL1-RL5; a temperature sensor mounted on the copper busbar of the battery interface, transmitting temperature data to the protocol control unit via analog signal line A1; and an overcurrent protection module with a built-in voltage-current comparator U3, which sends an emergency shutdown signal to the protocol control unit when the detected current exceeds the threshold.

[0053] indicator lights Figure 1 To perfectly optimize the battery pack charging function for consumer convenience, the indicator lights are designed to correspond to: full charge / slow charge / fast charge / super fast charge / fault indicator lights.

[0054] indicator lights Figure 1 A. Based on consumer selection, add power buttons and power indicator lights corresponding to: 100% for full charge, 75% for slow charge, 50% for fast charge, and 25% for super-fast charge. The fault indicator light will not be reused to avoid consumer misjudgment. When the power button is not pressed, only the following indicators will be displayed: Full Charge / Slow Charge / Fast Charge / Super-Fast Charge / Fault.

[0055] indicator lights Figure 2 To provide consumers with more choices and function settings, the indicator lights are set to correspond to: fully charged, slow charging, QC, PD, and fault indicators.

[0056] indicator lights Figure 2 A. Based on consumer selection, add power buttons and power indicator lights corresponding to: 100% for full charge, 75% for slow charge, 50% for QC, and 25% for PD. Fault indicator lights will not be reused to avoid consumer misjudgment. When the power button is not pressed, only the following indicators will be displayed: Full charge, Slow charge, QC, PD, and Fault.

[0057] indicator lights Figure 3 For the English interface, the indicator lights are set to correspond to the following:

[0058] Fully Charged, Slow Charging, Fast Charging, Super Charging, Fault.

[0059] indicator lights Figure 3A. For the English interface, add corresponding power buttons and power indicator lights for: Fully Charged (100%), Slow Charged (75%), Fast Charged (50%), Super Charged (25%), and Fault. Fault indicator lights will not be reused to avoid consumer misjudgment. When the power button is not pressed, only the following indicators will be displayed: Fully Charged, Slow Charged, Fast Charged, Super Charged, and Fault.

[0060] indicator lights Figure 4 For the English interface, the indicator lights are set to correspond to: FullyCharged, SlowCharging, QC, PD, and Fault.

[0061] indicator lights Figure 4 A. For the English interface, add power buttons and power indicator lights corresponding to: Fully Charged (100%), Slow Charging (75%), QC (50%), PD (25%), and Fault. The Fault indicator light is not reused to avoid consumer misjudgment. When the power button is not pressed, only the following indicators will be displayed: Fully Charged, Slow Charging, QC, PD, Fault, and Fault.

[0062] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: During use, the user connects a TYPE-C charger supporting multiple fast charging protocols to the device via the Type-C interface on the front of the casing. At this time, the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface receives the input voltage from the external power supply, and the CC pin communicates with the charger via protocol. The protocol control unit identifies the fast charging protocol type supported by the charger (such as QC2.0 / 3.0, PD3.0, etc.) in real time through the CC pin and adaptively adjusts the charging parameters according to the protocol type to ensure that the charging voltage and current are accurately matched with the battery pack requirements. During this process, the voltage regulator chip converts the voltage input from the Type-C interface into a stable 5V voltage through the VBUS pin and supplies power to the protocol control unit through the third wire L3, ensuring its stable operation. The voltage sampling module of the protocol control unit continuously monitors the voltage through pin 4. The input voltage fluctuation is monitored, and the current voltage of the battery pack is acquired in real time via pin 19. The current control module performs high-precision sampling of the charging current at the negative terminal of the battery interface through the precision resistor R1 connected to pin 13, ensuring controllable current during charging. The protocol control unit dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM control signal based on the acquired voltage and current data, and transmits the PWM signal to the dual parallel switching circuit through the second wire L2. This drives the first switching circuit (composed of inductor L1, MOSFET Q4, and diode D5) and the second switching circuit (composed of inductor L2, MOSFET Q3, and diode D6) to work alternately. The parallel structure improves power density and conversion efficiency, and reduces circuit temperature rise. The electrical energy output from the two switching circuits is fed into the positive terminal of the battery pack after being combined via a copper busbar, achieving efficient charging. Meanwhile, the battery protection unit uses I... 2The C-bus SDA and SCL communicate with the protocol control unit in real time. Its voltage balancing module uses balancing resistors RL1-RL5 to balance the voltage of multiple series-connected batteries, preventing overcharging or undercharging of individual cells. A temperature sensor is mounted on the copper busbar of the battery interface, transmitting battery temperature data to the protocol control unit via analog signal line A1. The overcurrent protection module, with its built-in fuse F1 and comparator U3, continuously monitors the charging current. When the current exceeds a preset threshold, it immediately sends an emergency shutdown signal to the protocol control unit. The protocol control unit then drives the MOSFET Q5 via pin 12 to cut off the charging circuit, ensuring system safety. During charging, the five independent LEDs (L1-L5) of the indicator module dynamically display different states based on the GPIO signals from the protocol control unit: in the default mode, L1-L4 correspond to fully charged, slow charging, fast charging, and super-fast charging states, respectively. L5 is a fault indicator light. When the user briefly presses the button module on the casing, the protocol control unit switches to the battery percentage mode, with L1-L4 displaying 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% battery percentages respectively. A long press of the button module enters the protocol type mode, with L1-L4 indicating QC protocol, PD protocol, normal 5V charging, and an unknown protocol, respectively. L5 is always reserved as a dedicated fault indicator to avoid misjudgment caused by mode switching. If the battery pack voltage reaches the full charge threshold during charging, the protocol control unit immediately stops the PWM signal output and shuts down the dual-group switching circuit, while simultaneously illuminating the L1 full charge indicator light. If an abnormal input voltage, excessively high battery temperature, or current overload is detected, a protection mechanism is triggered, shutting down the charging circuit and triggering an alarm via a flashing red L5 light. Users can also configure custom indicator display logic through software, for example, setting L1-L4 to English labels (Fully...). The system can display various charging protocols (Charged, SlowCharging, QC, PD), or adjust the display priority of battery percentage and protocol type according to regional needs. This function is implemented through firmware upgrades of the protocol control unit. When using a charger with a non-fast charging protocol, the system automatically switches to the normal 5V mode, achieving stable charging by dynamically adjusting the duty cycle of the switching circuit. Simultaneously, the L3 indicator light remains constantly lit to indicate that the current charging state is normal. Throughout the charging process, the protocol control unit continuously exchanges data with the battery protection unit, optimizing the charging curve in real time to prevent battery aging or ambient temperature from affecting charging efficiency. A parallel redundant design of dual switching circuits enhances system reliability, ensuring basic charging functionality is maintained even if any switching circuit fails. After the user unplugs the TYPE-C charger, the protocol control unit enters a low-power standby mode, the indicator light automatically turns off, and the battery protection unit continues to monitor the static voltage and temperature of the battery pack until the next charging start. The entire process, through highly integrated hardware design and flexible software control, achieves end-to-end optimization from protocol identification, power conversion, status indication to safety protection, significantly improving user experience and device compatibility.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-compatibility TYPE-C interface with protocol indication to identify battery pack charging scheme, characterized in that, include: The Type-C interface is located on the front surface of the device housing and includes VBUS pin, D+ pin, D- pin, CC pin and ground pin, which are used to connect to an external power supply. The protocol control unit, located in the middle of the circuit board, has its input terminal connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface via the first wire L1 for real-time monitoring of the input voltage; its output terminal is connected to the dual-group switching circuit via the second wire L2 to output PWM control signals. The voltage regulator chip is located next to the protocol control unit. Its input terminal is connected to the VBUS pin of the Type-C interface, and its output terminal provides a stable 5V voltage to the protocol control unit through the third wire L3. The indicator light module circuit is installed on the top of the device housing and includes five independent LED indicators L1-L5, which are connected to the GPIO pin of the protocol control unit through the fourth wire L4 to display the charging status, power level and protocol type. The dual-group parallel switch circuit is located on the back of the circuit board. It includes the first group of switch circuits and the second group of switch circuits, which are respectively composed of inductor L1, MOSFET Q4, and diode D5 and inductor L2, MOSFET Q3, and diode D6. The two groups of circuits are connected in parallel to the positive terminal of the battery pack. Battery protection unit, attached to the back of the circuit board, through I 2 C bus SDA, SCL and protocol control unit communication, real-time acquisition of battery voltage, temperature and health data.

2. The high-compatibility TYPE-C interface band protocol indication identification battery pack charging scheme according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protocol control unit includes: The protocol identification module communicates with the Type-C interface through the D+ pin, D- pin, and CC pin, and supports adaptive matching of QC and PD protocols. The voltage sampling module has its 4th pin connected to the VBUS pin for real-time input voltage detection; its 19th pin is connected to the positive terminal of the battery interface for monitoring the battery voltage. The current control module has its 13th pin connected to the negative terminal of the battery interface through precision resistors R26 and R38 for real-time sampling of the charging current; its 12th pin is connected to the MOSFET Q5 through a driver circuit for cutting off the charging circuit when fully charged or in case of a fault.

3. A high-compatibility TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indicator module supports the following modes: Charging status modes: L1-L4 correspond to fully charged, slow charging, fast charging, and super fast charging respectively, and L5 indicates a fault; Battery percentage mode: By short-pressing the button module, L1-L4 will display 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% respectively; Protocol type mode: Press and hold the button module, and L1-L4 will indicate QC protocol, PD protocol, normal 5V charging and unknown protocol respectively.

4. A high-compatibility TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the dual-group parallel switch circuit: In the first set of switching circuits, the inductor L1 is connected in series with the MOSFET Q4, and the diode D5 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q4. The inductor L2 of the second set of switching circuits is connected in series with the MOSFET Q3, and the diode D6 is connected in reverse parallel between the source and drain of Q3. The input terminals of both circuits are connected to the PWM output terminal of the protocol control unit, and the output terminals are connected in parallel and then connected to the battery interface through a copper busbar.

5. A high-compatibility TYPE-C interface battery pack charging solution with protocol indication and identification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery protection unit includes: The voltage balancing module is connected to the positive and negative terminals of each battery cell via balancing resistors RL1-RL5; The temperature sensor is attached to the copper busbar of the battery interface and transmits temperature data to the protocol control unit through analog signal line A1. The overcurrent protection module has a built-in voltage and current comparator U3. When the current exceeds the threshold, it sends an emergency shutdown signal to the protocol control unit.

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