A tooling for changing shaft pins

Abstract

This utility model relates to a tooling for replacing axle pins, including a tooling base, a traveling mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, a counterweight mechanism, a jack support, and a clamp. The lifting mechanism drives the furniture to rise and fall, the telescopic mechanism drives the furniture to move left and right, the jack support can adjust the angle of the jack, and the counterweight mechanism consists of a counterweight box welded to the tail of the telescopic mechanism. A counterweight block smaller than the size of the counterweight box is placed inside the counterweight box. This technical solution is used to replace the current method of using gas cutting to remove axle pins and using a sledgehammer to install axle pins in the replacement of axle pins in mechanical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment maintenance, and in particular to a tooling for replacing shaft pins. Background Technology

[0002] Many moving parts of mechanical equipment use pin connections. However, due to prolonged use, these pins age and corrode, making removal difficult. Gas cutting is commonly used for removal, but this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the high temperature of gas cutting reduces the yield strength of the steel structure, affecting equipment performance. Installing pins typically involves hammering them in, which is also time-consuming and labor-intensive, causing unnecessary damage to the pins and equipment. Furthermore, initial alignment is not guaranteed, leading to misalignment. To improve pin replacement efficiency, reduce labor intensity, and enhance the safety and reliability of maintenance work, a tooling fixture for pin replacement has been developed. In addition, there are situations where the pin angle is inconsistent with the axis of the removal or installation device, requiring manual adjustment of the device's orientation, which also causes inconvenience. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a tooling for replacing axle pins. It can move in both horizontal and vertical planes and is equipped with an adjustable jack alignment and fixing structure to achieve precise alignment with the axle pin. The axle pin is replaced by a hydraulic device, which solves the problems of existing axle pin replacement methods being time-consuming, labor-intensive, causing great damage to equipment, and posing high safety risks.

[0004] Technical solution

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A tooling for replacing axle pins includes a tooling base, a traveling mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a telescopic mechanism, a counterweight mechanism, a jack support, and a clamp. The tooling base includes a channel steel base and multiple steel pipes, with the steel pipes vertically fixed on the channel steel base. The lower part of the tooling base is connected to the traveling mechanism, and the upper part is connected to the lifting mechanism. The traveling mechanism includes four casters mounted on the tooling base. The lifting mechanism includes a steel pipe frame, guide sleeves, guide nuts, a handwheel, a lead screw, and cylindrical roller bearings. Multiple guide sleeves are arranged around the periphery of the steel pipe frame, and the guide nut is fixed in the middle. The cylindrical roller bearings are mounted on the channel steel base on the tooling base. The guide sleeves are respectively fitted onto the steel pipes. The outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing is connected to the channel steel base, and the inner ring is connected to the bottom of the lead screw. The guide nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw.

[0007] Preferably, a handwheel is installed on the upper part of the lead screw, and the telescopic mechanism, counterweight mechanism, jack support and clamp can be lifted as a whole by rotating the handwheel.

[0008] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight box and a counterweight block. The counterweight block, which is smaller than the size of the counterweight box, is placed inside the counterweight box. The counterweight block can be adjusted according to the weight of the jack support and the jack to keep the entire tooling in a balanced state.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic mechanism guide rail, a chain, and a flywheel. The steel pipe frame is also provided with a guiding device, which is a plurality of horizontally arranged sleeve structures. The telescopic mechanism guide rail is set inside the guiding device to achieve guidance. The two ends of the chain are set at the two ends of the telescopic mechanism guide rail. The flywheel is rotatably set on the steel pipe frame and is provided with teeth, which cooperate with the chain to realize the left and right movement of the telescopic mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism is fixed to the left end of the telescopic mechanism guide rail.

[0011] Preferably, the jack support includes a steel plate and reinforcing ribs, and the jack support is fixed to the right end of the telescopic mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the clamp includes two jaws, which are respectively connected to the front end of the jack support 6, and the clamping or releasing of the two jaws can be controlled by the transmission structure.

[0013] Preferably, the jack support further includes an adjustable alignment and fixing structure.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustable alignment and fixing structure includes a fixed base, a bottom alignment cone block, a telescopic cylinder, a limiting top plate, a top alignment cone block, and a locking screw. The bottom of the fixed base is fixed to the jack support. A circular groove is provided in the center of the fixed base. The bottom alignment cone block is rotatably disposed in the circular groove. A threaded hole is provided on the side wall of the fixed base. The locking screw is disposed in the threaded hole. A telescopic cylinder is provided on the top of the fixed base. A limiting top plate is fixed on the top of the telescopic cylinder. A circular through hole is provided in the middle of the limiting top plate. A second circular groove is provided at the bottom of the limiting top plate. The top alignment cone block is rotatably disposed in the second circular groove. Locking of the top alignment cone block at any angle and position is achieved in the same way as the bottom. Both the top alignment cone block and the bottom alignment cone block are provided with conical holes.

[0015] Preferably, the tapered hole has an eccentric structure.

[0016] The technical effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0017] This utility model, through its walking mechanism, lifting mechanism, and telescopic mechanism, is conveniently applicable to the replacement of axle pins at different positions on equipment. A hydraulic jack pushes out the old axle pin and presses in the new one, reducing special operations, minimizing labor intensity, and improving the safety and reliability of maintenance work. Furthermore, the replacement process does not involve high temperatures, thus not affecting the mechanical performance of the equipment. An adjustable alignment and fixing structure allows for jack angle adjustment. This utility model has the outstanding advantages of being applicable to multiple scenarios, convenient to use, and easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tooling for replacing shaft pins according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-view drawing of a tooling for replacing axle pins according to this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the telescopic and lifting mechanism of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable alignment and fixing structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a detailed structural diagram of the counterweight block of this utility model;

[0024] The following are marked in the diagram: 1. Tooling base; 2. Walking mechanism; 3. Lifting mechanism; 4. Telescopic mechanism; 5. Counterweight mechanism; 6. Jack support; 7. Fixture; 8. Lower cylindrical roller bearing; 9. Guide device; 10. Lead screw; 11. Handwheel; 12. Telescopic mechanism guide rail; 14. Chain; 15. Flywheel; 16. Turntable; 17. Guide device. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figure 1-3As shown, a tooling for replacing axle pins is described, comprising a tooling base 1, a traveling mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a telescopic mechanism 4, a counterweight mechanism 5, a jack support 6, and a clamp 7. The tooling base 1 is composed of a channel steel base and multiple welded steel pipes, with the steel pipes vertically fixed on the channel steel base. The lower part of the tooling base 1 is connected to the traveling mechanism 2, and the upper part is connected to the lifting mechanism 3. The traveling mechanism 2 includes four casters mounted on the tooling base 1, enabling the tooling to move to any horizontal position. The lifting mechanism 3 includes a steel pipe frame, a guide sleeve, a guide nut, a handwheel 11, a lead screw, and cylindrical rollers. The bearing has multiple guide sleeves around the steel pipe frame, with a guide nut fixed in the middle. The cylindrical roller bearing is mounted on the channel steel base on the tooling base 1. The guide sleeves are respectively fitted onto the steel pipe, allowing them to move directionally along the steel pipe. The outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing is preferably fixed to the channel steel base, and the inner ring is preferably fixed to the lead screw. The guide nut is threaded to the lead screw 10, enabling the lifting mechanism 3 to rise and fall. A handwheel 11 is mounted on the upper part of the lead screw. By rotating the handwheel 11, the telescopic mechanism 4, counterweight mechanism 5, jack support 6, and clamp 7 can be lifted as a whole, allowing for precise lifting based on the position of the axle pin. Positioning: The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic guide rail 12, a chain 14, and a flywheel 15. The steel pipe frame is also equipped with a guide device 17, which is a multi-horizontal sleeve structure. The telescopic guide rail 12 is located inside the guide device 17 for guidance. The two ends of the chain 14 are located at the two ends of the telescopic guide rail 12. The flywheel 15 is rotatably mounted on the steel pipe frame and has teeth that cooperate with the chain 14 to enable the telescopic mechanism 4 to move left and right. The turntable 16 is fixed to the flywheel 15. The counterweight mechanism 5 is fixed to the left end of the telescopic guide rail 12. The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight box and a counterweight block. The counterweight box contains a counterweight smaller than the counterweight block. The counterweights in the counterweight box are adjusted according to the weight of the jack support 6, the jack, and the clamp 7 to maintain the left and right balance of the tooling. The jack support 6 includes a steel plate and reinforcing ribs. The jack support 6 is fixed to the right end of the telescopic mechanism 4 and is used to fix and support the jack. The clamp 7 includes two jaws, which are rotatably connected to the front end of the jack support 6. The clamping or releasing of the two jaws can be controlled by a transmission structure, which can be a linkage structure or two meshing gears, etc. The front end of the clamp is opened before reaching the position, and the clamp is fixed to the steel structure connected by the shaft pin after reaching the position.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, the jack support 6 also includes an adjustable alignment and fixing structure. This structure includes a fixed base 61, a bottom alignment cone block 62, a telescopic cylinder 63, a limiting top plate 65, a top alignment cone block 66, and a locking screw 67. The fixed base 61 is fixed to the jack support 6 at its bottom. A circular groove is provided in the center of the fixed base 61, and the bottom alignment cone block 62 is rotatably disposed within this groove. A threaded hole is provided on the side wall of the fixed base 61, and the locking screw 67 is disposed within this threaded hole. Tightening the locking screw secures the bottom alignment cone block 62. The fixed base 61 is equipped with a telescopic cylinder 63 on its top. The telescopic cylinder 63 is fixed with a limiting top plate 65. The limiting top plate 65 has a circular through hole in the middle and a circular groove at its bottom. The top alignment cone block 66 is rotatably set in the circular groove and is locked at any angle and position in the same way as the bottom. Both the top alignment cone block 66 and the bottom alignment cone block 62 are provided with conical holes. The top and bottom of the jack 64 abut against the conical holes to align the top output shaft of the jack 64 with the shaft pin axis.

[0027] Furthermore, the conical hole has an eccentric structure, and the direction of the output axis of the top output shaft of the jack 64 can be adjusted by rotating the bottom aligning conical block 62 and the top aligning conical block 66.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to accommodate adjustments to the output axis direction of the top output shaft of the jack 64 in more directions, the taper of the tapered hole has at least some angles that are different in each rotation direction.

[0029] like Figure 5-6 As shown, in order to better absorb vibration when adjusting the counterweight, the counterweight block 20 includes a counterweight block shell, a central mass block 202, an elastic layer 1 203, an elastic layer 204, and a shock-absorbing spring 201. The outer side of the central mass block is wrapped with the elastic layer 1 203, and the shock-absorbing spring 201 is fixed around the elastic layer 1 203. The other end of the shock-absorbing spring 201 is fixed to the counterweight block shell. The elastic layer 204 is provided on the right end of the elastic layer 1 203. Through the above structure, the central mass block can absorb the vibration of the equipment when adjusting the center, and prevent the tooling vibration from causing instability in clamping.

[0030] Furthermore, the left end of the first elastic layer 203 is truncated cone-shaped, and the right end of the second elastic layer 204 forms a truncated cone groove that mates with the truncated cone shape. A magnet is provided at the right end of the central mass block. The central mass block is made of ferromagnetic material or partially ferromagnetic material. With the above structure, when multiple counterweights 20 are placed together, the central mass blocks will be connected together to form an integrated structure under the attraction of the magnet. The truncated cone structure is for better connection guidance and avoids manual connection to form an integrated structure. The integrated central mass block can avoid the irregular vibration caused by multiple scattered central mass blocks 202, and instead has the opposite effect of vibration absorption.

[0031] Furthermore, the elastic layer 203 and elastic layer 204 are made of different materials, so that when the counterweights are connected together, they form a phononic crystal-like structure, which can play a better role in vibration absorption and damping.

[0032] Furthermore, the counterweight shell of the leftmost counterweight 20 has a left end face, and the counterweight shell of the rightmost counterweight 20 has a right end face, so that when the counterweights are connected together, they form a closed whole structure, which better prevents dust from entering the interior.

[0033] The replacement principle is as follows: After placing the tooling at the axle pin position, the horizontal and vertical directions of the tooling are adjusted to align the jack with the axle pin. The jack is then placed on the adjustable alignment and fixing structure to adjust its direction. The pressure of the jack is used to remove the axle pin. After removal, the jack is depressurized and retracted. The telescopic mechanism is adjusted to allow for the axle pin length. After inserting the axle pin, the pressure of the jack is used to smoothly press the axle pin in, thus completing the replacement work safely and efficiently.

Claims

1. A tooling for replacing axle pins, comprising a tooling base (1), a traveling mechanism (2), a lifting mechanism (3), a telescopic mechanism (4), a counterweight mechanism (5), a jack support (6), and a clamp (7), wherein the tooling base (1) comprises a channel steel base and multiple steel pipes, the steel pipes being vertically fixed on the channel steel base; the lower part of the tooling base (1) is connected to the traveling mechanism (2) and the upper part is connected to the lifting mechanism (3); the traveling mechanism (2) comprises four casters, the four casters being mounted on the tooling base (1); the lifting mechanism (3)... The fixture includes a steel pipe frame, guide sleeves, guide nuts, handwheels, screws, and cylindrical roller bearings. Multiple guide sleeves are provided around the steel pipe frame, and the guide nut is fixed in the middle. The cylindrical roller bearings are installed on the channel steel base on the tooling base (1). The guide sleeves are respectively fitted on the steel pipes. The outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing is connected to the channel steel base, and the inner ring is connected to the bottom of the screw. The guide nut is threaded to the screw (10). The jack support is connected to the right end of the telescopic mechanism, and the clamp is connected to the front end of the jack support.

2. The tooling for axle pin replacement of claim 1, wherein: A handwheel is installed on the upper part of the lead screw. By turning the handwheel, the telescopic mechanism, counterweight mechanism, jack support, and clamp can be lifted as a whole.

3. The tooling for axle pin replacement of claim 1, wherein: The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight box and a counterweight block. The counterweight block, which is smaller than the size of the counterweight box, is placed inside the counterweight box. The counterweight block can be adjusted according to the weight of the jack support and the jack to keep the entire fixture in a balanced state.

4. The tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic mechanism guide rail (12), a chain (14), and a flywheel (15). The steel pipe frame is also equipped with a guide device (17). The guide device (17) is a multi-sleeve structure arranged horizontally. The telescopic mechanism guide rail is set inside the guide device to achieve guidance. The two ends of the chain (14) are set at the two ends of the telescopic mechanism guide rail (12). The flywheel is rotated on the steel pipe frame. The flywheel is equipped with teeth and cooperates with the chain to realize the left and right movement of the telescopic mechanism.

5. The tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism is connected to the left end of the telescopic mechanism guide rail.

6. The tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jack support includes a steel plate and reinforcing ribs.

7. The tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp includes two jaws, which are respectively connected to the front end of the jack support. The clamping or releasing of the two jaws can be controlled by the transmission structure.

8. The tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jack support also includes an adjustable alignment and fixing structure.

9. A tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustable alignment and fixing structure includes a fixed base (61), a bottom alignment cone block (62), a telescopic cylinder (63), a limiting top plate (65), a top alignment cone block (66), and a locking screw (67). The bottom of the fixed base (61) is fixed to the jack support (6). A circular groove is provided in the center of the fixed base (61). The bottom alignment cone block (62) is rotatably disposed in the circular groove. A threaded hole is provided on the side wall of the fixed base (61), and the locking screw (67) is disposed in the threaded hole. The top of the fixed base (61) is provided with a telescopic cylinder (63), and the top of the telescopic cylinder (63) is fixed with a limiting top plate (65). The middle of the limiting top plate (65) is provided with a circular through hole, and the bottom of the limiting top plate (65) is provided with a circular groove. The top aligning cone block (66) is rotatably set in the circular groove. The top aligning cone block (66) can be locked at any angle and position in the same way as the bottom. Both the top aligning cone block (66) and the bottom aligning cone block (62) are provided with cone holes.

10. A tooling for replacing a shaft pin according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tapered hole has an eccentric structure.

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