A cutter head and cutting water pipe separable cutter tower

Abstract

The application discloses a cutter tower with separable cutter disc and cutting water pipe, comprising a box body, a cutting water pipe, an elastic element, a limiting structure, a cutter disc and a driving mechanism. The limiting structure is arranged in the main cutting water passage and is used for limiting the moving range of the cutting water pipe during tool changing, so that the cutting water pipe is prevented from moving excessively with the cutter disc. A separation gap S is formed between the cutting water pipe and the cutter disc, and the cutting water pipe and the cutter disc are no longer in direct mechanical contact. During the whole rotating tool changing process, since there is no contact friction, the fine chips carried in the cutting fluid cannot be squeezed onto the contact surface of the cutting water pipe and the cutter disc due to the friction, so that the sealing surface of the front end of the cutting water pipe is effectively prevented from being scratched by the chips, the sealing performance of the cutting water pipe is protected, and cutting fluid leakage in the subsequent working state is prevented. Meanwhile, the abrasion of the cutting water pipe is reduced, and the problems of accelerated abrasion of the cutting water pipe, shortened service life and high replacement frequency caused by hard friction in the prior art are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC turret technology, and in particular to a turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe. Background Technology

[0002] A CNC tool turret typically includes a housing and a tool head rotatably mounted on the housing. The tool head has multiple tool positions for mounting tools, with one tool per position. The housing has a main cutting water channel, and the tool head has branch cutting water channels corresponding to each tool position. The main cutting water channel is sealed and connected to the branch cutting water channel of the tool position in the working position. When changing tools, the tool head first moves away from the housing to unlock the tool head locking mechanism. Then, the tool head rotates to move the target tool to the working position. Finally, the tool head moves closer to the housing, the tool head locking mechanism locks, and the tool head and housing are locked together. Since a turret typically has multiple tool positions, and these positions vary, it's impossible to guarantee consistent spacing between each tool position and the housing. Furthermore, due to machining and assembly errors, the distance between the cutter head and the housing is also difficult to perfectly match, and this dimension is not easily obtained for grinding the appropriate water cooling pipe. Therefore, to improve the compatibility between the cutter head and the housing, a floating water cooling pipe is installed within the main water cooling channel of the housing. This accommodates the differences in spacing between different cutter heads and the housing, ensuring a sealed connection between each branch water cooling channel and the main water cooling channel of the housing. To ensure a seal between the main water cooling channel of the housing and the branch water cooling channels on the cutter head, a preload is applied between the floating water cooling pipe and the cutter head. Under these conditions, during tool changes, hard friction occurs between the floating water cooling pipe and the cutter head end face. This can cause the cutting fluid carried by the water cooling system to easily scratch the floating water cooling pipe and the cutter head end face, damaging not only the floating water cooling pipe and the cutter head but also causing the seal between the cutter head and the water cooling pipe to fail. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a tool turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe, which solves the technical problem in the prior art where the side of the cutter head facing the housing experiences hard friction with the cutting water pipe during tool changing, damaging the sealing surface. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe, comprising: a box body with a cutter head connection part arranged on one side, a main cutting water channel arranged inside the box body, a cutting water pipe that can slide axially and sealably in the main cutting water channel, the cutting water pipe is provided with an axial pre-tightening force by an elastic element, and the working compression amount of the cutting water pipe under the action of the elastic element is H; a limiting structure is arranged in the main cutting water channel; a cutter head rotatably connected to the cutter head connection part, multiple tool mounting positions are arranged circumferentially on the cutter head, and each tool mounting position is provided with a branch cutting water channel corresponding to the tool mounting position; a driving mechanism arranged inside the box body for driving the tool to rotate, the driving mechanism has a driving end; the turret has: a working state and a tool changing state; in the working state, the cutter head is in the first axial position, the cutting water pipe is in sealing contact with the cutter head under the action of the elastic element, so that the main cutting water channel is communicated with the corresponding branch cutting water channel, and at the same time the driving end is in transmission connection with the tool in the working position; in the tool changing state, the cutter head is in the second axial position, the second axial position is coaxial with the first axial position and is farther from the box body relative to the first axial position, the cutting water pipe moves axially with the cutter head until it is blocked by the limiting structure, so that a separation gap S is formed between the front end of the cutting water pipe and the cutter head, where S < H, and at this time the cutter head can rotate freely for tool changing operations.

[0005] Optionally, the outer diameter of the cutting water pipe is D1, the outer wall of the cutting water pipe near the cutter head end has an annular notch to form a journal, and the outer diameter of the journal is D2;

[0006] The limiting structure is an annular boss arranged in the main cutting water channel, the inner diameter of the annular boss is D3, and D1, D2 and D3 satisfy: D2 < D3 < D1.

[0007] Optionally, the outer diameter of the cutting water pipe is D1, the outer wall of the cutting water pipe has an annular notch (21) to form a journal, and the outer diameter of the journal is D2; the limiting structure is multiple convex blocks arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the main cutting water channel, and the diameter of the second circle determined by the radially inward endpoints of the multiple convex blocks is D4, and D1, D2 and D4 satisfy: D2 < D4 < D1.

[0008] Optionally, the limiting structure is located at the end of the main cutting water channel close to the cutter head.

[0009] Optionally, at least one first annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of the cutting water pipe, and a first O-ring is arranged in the first annular groove.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic element is a compression spring; a plug is provided at the end of the main cutting water channel away from the cutter head; the compression spring is located in the main cutting water channel and is compressed by the cutting water pipe and the plug.

[0011] Optionally, the cutting water pipe is provided with a second annular groove on the end face near the cutter head, and a second O-ring is provided in the second annular groove.

[0012] Optionally, the end of the cutting water pipe opposite to the cutter head has a tapered opening that gradually expands from the inside to the outside.

[0013] Optionally, the end of the cutting water pipe facing away from the cutter head has an internal thread.

[0014] Optionally, the end of the plug facing away from the cutter head is provided with a screw hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following:

[0016] A tool turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe includes: a housing, a cutting water pipe, an elastic element, and a limiting structure; a cutter head and a drive mechanism. The limiting structure is installed inside the main cutting water channel to restrict the movement range of the cutting water pipe during tool changing, preventing excessive movement with the cutter head. After the separation gap S between the cutting water pipe and the cutter head is formed, there is no longer direct mechanical contact between them. During the entire rotary tool changing process, due to the absence of contact friction, fine chips carried in the cutting fluid are not squeezed onto the contact surface between the cutting water pipe and the cutter head due to friction. This effectively prevents chips from scratching the sealing surface at the front end of the cutting water pipe or damaging any potential sealing components, protecting the sealing performance of the cutting water pipe and preventing cutting fluid leakage during subsequent operation. Simultaneously, the frictionless rotation greatly reduces the wear of the cutting water pipe, avoiding the problems of accelerated wear, shortened service life, and high replacement frequency caused by hard friction in existing technologies.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a turret structure where the cutter head and cutting water pipe can be separated, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the cross-section of the turret in the main cutting water channel and the branch cutting water channel;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A front view of the turret cut in sections of the main cutting water channel and the branch cutting water channel;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point A when the turret is in operation;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point A when the turret is in tool-changing mode;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the cutting water pipe of the turret provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting structure, which is an annular boss, in the main cutting water channel provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting structure of the main cutting water channel provided in the embodiment of this application, which consists of multiple protrusions.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0028] 1-Box body; 11-Cutter head connection part; 12-Main cutting water channel; 13-Annular boss; 14-Protrusion; 2-Cutting water pipe; 21-Annular notch; 22-First annular groove; 23-Second annular groove; 3-Elastic element; 4-Cutter head; 41-Branch cutting water channel; 5-First O-ring seal; 6-Plug; 61-Screw hole; 7-Second O-ring seal. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0030] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the relative positions of the corresponding components in the direction of gravity when they are in use, and "inner" and "outer" refer to their relative positions to the contours of the corresponding components themselves. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this disclosure are for distinguishing one element from another and do not have sequential or importance implications. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements.

[0031] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this turret mainly consists of a housing 1, a cutter head 4, a drive mechanism, and related auxiliary components. These components work together to achieve stable switching between cutting operations and tool changing. The housing 1 serves as the core support structure, with a cutter head connecting part 11 on one side. The cutter head 4 is rotatably connected to the cutter head connecting part 11 via bearings and other rotating components, ensuring that the cutter head 4 can rotate flexibly to achieve tool indexing.

[0032] like Figure 1 The cutter head 4 has multiple tool mounting positions evenly arranged around its circumference. Each mounting position is correspondingly machined with a branch cutting water channel 41. This channel is precisely aligned with the cutting area of ​​the tool and is used to deliver cutting fluid to the machining area. The housing 1 also has a main cutting water channel 12 machined inside. One end of the main cutting water channel 12 is connected to an external cutting fluid supply system, and the other end extends to a position near the cutter head connection 11. The cutting water pipe 2 is mounted in the main cutting water channel 12 in a way that allows for axial sealing and sliding. A good seal is maintained between its outer wall and the inner wall of the main cutting water channel 12 to prevent cutting fluid leakage. An elastic element 3 is installed in the main cutting water channel 12 to provide continuous axial preload to the cutting water pipe 2, ensuring that the cutting water pipe 2 always tends to move towards the cutter head 4 when not changing tools. The working compression of the cutting water pipe 2 under the action of the elastic element 3 is H, which ensures the preload to guarantee the sealing effect. The main cutting water channel 12 is also equipped with a limit structure to restrict the movement range of the cutting water pipe 2 during tool changing, preventing it from moving excessively with the cutter head 4. The drive mechanism is fixedly installed inside the housing 1, and its drive end can be connected to the tool drive on the cutter head 4 to provide rotational power to the tool for cutting operations.

[0033] In the working state, the cutter head 4 is in the first axial position. At this time, the preload of the elastic element 3 pushes the cutting water pipe 2 to move axially towards the cutter head 4 along the main cutting water channel 12 until the front end of the cutting water pipe 2 is tightly fitted with the end face of the cutter head 4, forming a reliable seal. Due to the sealed contact between the cutting water pipe 2 and the cutter head 4, the main cutting water channel 12 is connected to the branch cutting water channel 41 corresponding to the tool mounting position on the cutter head 4 in the working position through the internal channel of the cutting water pipe 2. At the same time, the drive end of the drive mechanism establishes a transmission connection with the tool in the working position. When cutting is started, the drive mechanism transmits power to the tool through the drive end, causing the tool to rotate at high speed. The external cutting fluid supply system delivers cutting fluid to the main cutting water channel 12. The cutting fluid then flows through the internal channel of the cutting water pipe 2 and is then precisely sprayed onto the cutting edge and machining area of ​​the tool through the branch cutting water channel 41, which cools the tool, lubricates the cutting interface, and removes chips, effectively reducing the cutting temperature, reducing tool wear, and ensuring the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the machined parts. In some embodiments, such as a turret where the tool does not need to rotate, there is no drive mechanism, and therefore no transmission connection between the drive end and the tool.

[0034] When a tool change is required, the turret switches to tool changing mode. At this time, driven by the tool changing mechanism, the tool disc 4 moves axially away from the housing 1, gradually transitioning from the first axial position to the second axial position. The second axial position remains coaxial with the first axial position, only further away from the housing 1 in axial distance. Initially, the tool disc 4 moves along with the cutting water pipe 2 axially away from the housing 1 along the main cutting water channel 12. As the cutting water pipe 2 continues to move, when it contacts the limiting structure within the main cutting water channel 12, the limiting structure exerts an axial blocking force on the cutting water pipe 2, preventing it from continuing to move with the tool disc 4. However, driven by the tool changing mechanism, the tool disc 4 continues to move away from the housing 1, causing the front end of the cutting water pipe 2 to gradually disengage from the end face of the tool disc 4, forming a separation gap S. It is important to note that the separation gap S is less than the working compression H of the elastic element 3. This is because before the cutting water pipe 2 is stopped, the elastic element 3 is already in a compressed state with a compression of H. When the cutting water pipe 2 is blocked, the cutter head 4 continues to move a distance S, causing the compression of the elastic element 3 to become HS. At this point, the elastic element 3 is still in a compressed state, not exceeding its elastic limit, nor returning to its natural length. This design ensures that after the cutter head 4 returns to its original position, the cutting water pipe 2 and the cutter head 4 re-seal and re-contact.

[0035] After the separation gap S is formed, there is no longer direct mechanical contact between the cutting water pipe 2 and the cutter head 4. The cutter head 4 gains space to rotate freely, and the tool changing mechanism then drives the cutter head 4 to rotate around its axis, rotating the tool to be replaced out of the working position and accurately rotating the new tool into the working position. During the entire rotational tool changing process, since there is no contact friction, the fine chips carried in the cutting fluid will not be squeezed onto the contact surface between the cutting water pipe 2 and the cutter head 4 due to friction. This effectively avoids chips scratching the sealing surface at the front end of the cutting water pipe 2 or damaging any possible sealing components, protecting the sealing performance of the cutting water pipe 2 and preventing cutting fluid leakage in subsequent working conditions. At the same time, the frictionless rotation also greatly reduces the wear of the cutting water pipe 2, avoiding the problems of accelerated wear, shortened service life, and high replacement frequency of the cutting water pipe 2 caused by hard friction in the prior art. When the cutter head 4 completes the tool indexing and replacement, and the new tool reaches the working position, the tool changing mechanism drives the cutter head 4 to move axially towards the housing 1, starting to return from the second axial position to the first axial position. During the return process, the end face of the cutter head 4 first contacts the front end of the cutting water pipe 2. As the cutter head 4 continues to move, it applies an axial thrust to the cutting water pipe 2, pushing it to overcome the preload of the elastic element 3 and move axially along the main cutting water channel 12 towards the elastic element 3. When the cutter head 4 fully returns to the first axial position, the front end of the cutting water pipe 2, under the preload of the elastic element 3, re-seales with the end face of the cutter head 4. The main cutting water channel 12 is reconnected with the branch cutting water channel 41 corresponding to the new working tool, and the drive end of the drive mechanism is also connected to the tool in the new working position. The turret successfully completes the tool change process, switches back to the working state, and prepares for the next cutting operation.

[0036] This structure offers significant advantages over existing technologies, effectively addressing many drawbacks of traditional hard-friction turrets. In existing technologies, the cutter head 4 continuously contacts and rubs against the fixed water cooling pipe during tool changing. Cutting chips carried by the water cooling system can easily scratch the water cooling pipe or sealing ring, leading to seal failure. Furthermore, hard friction accelerates water cooling pipe wear, increasing replacement frequency and maintenance costs. In contrast, this turret, during tool changing, creates a separation gap S, completely disengaging the cutter head 4 from the water cooling pipe 2. This fundamentally avoids hard friction between them, eliminating the risk of cutting chips scratching the sealing surface and causing component wear. This significantly extends the service life of the water cooling pipe 2, reduces replacement frequency, and lowers equipment maintenance and spare parts procurement costs. Simultaneously, the continuous preload provided by the elastic element 3 ensures a reliable seal between the water cooling pipe 2 and the cutter head 4 during operation. Furthermore, the S<H design ensures that the elastic element 3 is always within its effective working range, guaranteeing the sealing reliability during subsequent return. The overall structure operates stably, maintaining a high-efficiency cutting state for a long time, improving the equipment's production efficiency and operational stability, creating higher economic benefits for users, and reducing component consumption also helps save resources, which is in line with the development concept of green manufacturing.

[0037] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the turret has optimized the specific design of the cutting water pipe 2 and the limiting structure, further improving the reliability of the limiting and the stability of the structure. The cutting water pipe 2 adopts a tubular structure to ensure that the cutting fluid can flow smoothly, and its outer wall near the end of the cutter head 4 has an annular notch 21 to form a journal.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the outer diameter of the cutting water pipe 2 is D1, while the outer diameter of the journal is D2, where D2 < D1. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the limiting structure inside the main cutting water channel 12 is designed as an annular boss 13. This annular boss 13 is integrally machined into the inner wall of the main cutting water channel 12, or fixedly installed by welding, interference fit, or other methods. Its inner diameter is D3, and it satisfies the dimensional relationship D2 < D3 < D1. The setting of D2 < D3 ensures that the main body of the cutting water pipe 2 can slide freely along the axial direction within the main cutting water channel 12 without interfering with the annular boss 13, avoiding jamming, and ensuring the smoothness of the tool head 4 movement and tool changing process.

[0039] The design of D3 < D1 prevents the cutting water pipe 2 from passing through the annular boss 13. As the cutting water pipe 2 moves away from the housing 1 along with the cutter head 4, it will be blocked by the annular boss 13, effectively limiting the cutting water pipe 2 and preventing it from moving excessively with the cutter head 4.

[0040] In the working state, the cutter head 4 is in the first axial position, and the elastic element 3 is in a compressed state. The axial preload generated by the elastic element 3 pushes the cutting water pipe 2 to move axially towards the cutter head 4 along the main cutting water channel 12, so that the front end of the cutting water pipe 2 is tightly fitted with the end face of the cutter head 4, forming a reliable seal. At this time, the main cutting water channel 12 is connected to the branch cutting water channel 41 corresponding to the tool in the working position on the cutter head 4 through the internal channel of the cutting water pipe 2, and the cutting fluid can be smoothly delivered to the cutting area. The drive end of the drive mechanism is connected to the tool in the working position, driving the tool to rotate for cutting. At the same time, the elastic element 3 can provide a stable preload for the cutting water pipe 2, ensuring the sealing effect and ensuring that the cutting fluid can be delivered stably and without leakage during the cutting process.

[0041] When entering the tool changing state, the tool changing mechanism starts to drive the cutter head 4 to move axially away from the housing 1. As the cutter head 4 and the cutting water pipe 2 continue to move, when the stepped surface of the journal contacts the end face of the annular boss 13, since the annular boss 13 is a structure fixed to the inner wall of the main cutting water channel 12 and its inner diameter D3 is larger than the outer diameter D2 of the journal, the annular boss 13 will generate a reverse axial blocking force on the cutting water pipe 2, forcibly stopping the movement of the cutting water pipe 2, and preventing it from continuing to move away from the housing 1 with the cutter head 4. However, under the continuous drive of the tool changing mechanism, the cutter head 4 will continue to move axially away from the housing 1, which causes the front end of the cutting water pipe 2, which was originally in close contact with the end face of the cutter head 4, to gradually separate, eventually forming a separation gap S.

[0042] After the separation gap S is formed, the cutter head 4 is no longer constrained by the cutting water pipe 2 and can rotate freely around its own axis for tool indexing. The tool changing mechanism drives the cutter head 4 to rotate, turning the tool that has completed the machining task out of the working position, while simultaneously turning the new tool to be used precisely into the working position. When the cutter head 4 completes the tool change and the new tool accurately reaches the working position, the tool changing mechanism switches its direction of action, driving the cutter head 4 to move axially towards the housing 1, and begins to return from the second axial position to the first axial position. As the cutter head 4 returns, its end face gradually approaches the front end of the cutting water pipe 2. When the two contact again, the cutter head 4 continues to move, applying an axial thrust to the cutting water pipe 2. This thrust overcomes the preload of the elastic element 3, pushing the cutting water pipe 2 to slide axially towards the elastic element 3 along the main cutting water channel 12, and the distance between the two gradually returns to the initial distance in the working state. When the cutter head 4 returns to the first axial position, the cutting water pipe 2, under the preload of the elastic element 3, forms a tight seal between its front end and the end face of the cutter head 4. At this time, the main cutting water channel 12 reconnects with the branch cutting water channel 41 corresponding to the new working tool through the internal channel of the cutting water pipe 2, allowing the cutting fluid to be smoothly delivered to the cutting area of ​​the new tool again. Simultaneously, the drive end of the drive mechanism completes the transmission connection with the tool in the new working position, and the turret smoothly switches from the tool changing state back to the working state, fully preparing for the next round of cutting. This limiting structure design, with the journal and the annular boss 13 cooperating, has significant technical advantages. First, the cutting water pipe 2 is subjected to uniform force during axial movement, preventing it from shifting or jamming due to excessive local force, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the cutting water pipe 2's sliding, and avoiding impact on tool changing efficiency or damage to components due to structural jamming. Secondly, the stepped surface of the journal has a large contact area with the annular boss 13, resulting in lower pressure per unit area. This effectively reduces wear during contact, extends the overall service life of the limiting structure, and further reduces equipment maintenance costs. Furthermore, the annular structure's machining process is relatively mature, facilitating high-precision dimensional control. This ensures that the dimensional relationship between D1, D2, and D3 precisely meets design requirements, guaranteeing the reliability and consistency of the limiting effect and preventing limiting failure or poor sealing due to dimensional deviations. Simultaneously, this structure addresses the shortcomings of existing hard-friction solutions mentioned in the background section. In traditional solutions, the fixed cutting water pipe continuously rubs against the rotating cutter head 4, which is not only easily scratched by chips in the cutting fluid but also accelerates wear due to friction, leading to seal failure and frequent replacements.

[0043] This solution utilizes the limiting fit between the stepped surface of the journal and the annular boss 13 to reliably separate the cutting water pipe 2 from the tool turret 4 during tool changes. This fundamentally eliminates hard friction, protects the sealing structure, extends the service life of the cutting water pipe 2, reduces replacement frequency, saves users equipment maintenance costs, and reduces component consumption, aligning with the industry trend of green production and resource conservation. In practical applications, this structure can adapt to cutting needs under different working conditions. Whether it's high-speed cutting or heavy-duty cutting, it can stably switch between working and tool-changing states, ensuring effective delivery of cutting fluid and reliable tool replacement, thereby improving the overall efficiency and machining accuracy of the turret.

[0044] According to another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the outer diameter of the cutting water pipe 2 is D1, and the outer wall of the cutting water pipe 2 has an annular notch 21 to form a journal, the outer diameter of which is D2. The limiting structure consists of a plurality of protrusions 14 arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the main cutting water channel 12. The diameter of the second circle determined by the radially inward endpoints of the plurality of protrusions 14 is D4, and D2, D4, and D1 satisfy: D2 < D4 < D1. The protrusions 14 can be weld points located within the main cutting water channel 12 or implemented in other ways; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0045] In this embodiment, the main cutting water channel 12 is uniformly provided with "multiple protrusions" along the circumference, which not only ensures the reliability of the limiting position, but also optimizes the sliding performance of the cutting water pipe 2.

[0046] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the structure of this turret further optimizes the position of the limiting structure, clearly defining its location within the main cutting water channel 12 near the end of the cutter head 4. This positional design significantly improves the turret's working efficiency and sealing reliability by shortening the effective sliding stroke of the cutting water pipe 2 and optimizing the force transmission path. From a maintenance perspective, the proximity of the limiting structure to the end of the cutter head 4 makes it easier for operators to observe the wear of the limiting structure when disassembling or repairing the cutting water pipe 2. The condition of the limiting structure can be checked without needing to penetrate deep into the main cutting water channel 12, reducing maintenance difficulty. Furthermore, if the limiting structure is worn or damaged, its forward position allows for a shorter disassembly and assembly stroke when replacing the cutting water pipe 2, making operation more convenient and reducing equipment downtime for maintenance.

[0047] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, this turret optimizes the sealing structure of the cutting water pipe 2. By setting at least one first annular groove 22 on the outer wall of the tubular cutting water pipe 2 and installing a first O-ring seal 5 in the first annular groove 22, the sealing performance between the cutting water pipe 2 and the main cutting water channel 12 is significantly improved, solving the cutting fluid leakage problem that may occur in traditional structures. The cutting water pipe 2 is tubular in shape to ensure smooth flow of cutting fluid along the internal channel. One or more first annular grooves 22 are machined on its outer wall according to sealing requirements. The cross-sectional dimensions of the first annular groove 22 match the specifications of the first O-ring seal 5, ensuring that the first O-ring seal 5 can be tightly embedded in the groove without loosening or falling off.

[0048] The first O-ring 5 is made of elastic material that is resistant to cutting fluid corrosion and wear (such as nitrile rubber, fluororubber, etc.), which is suitable for high temperature and high pressure environment in cutting process and ensures sealing stability during long-term use.

[0049] If multiple first annular grooves 22 (e.g., 2-3) are provided on the outer wall of the cutting water pipe 2, a multi-stage sealing structure is formed, further improving sealing reliability. When one of the first O-ring seals 5 experiences a decline in sealing performance due to wear or aging, the other first O-ring seals 5 can still maintain the sealing effect, preventing sudden large-scale leakage. This provides a buffer time for personnel to identify and replace damaged first O-ring seals 5, reducing the urgency of equipment downtime for maintenance and improving the continuous working capacity of the turret. At the same time, the design of multiple first O-ring seals 5 can also distribute the sealing pressure, reduce the wear rate of the O-ring seal in a single first annular groove 22, extend the overall service life of the seals, and reduce the replacement frequency and maintenance costs of sealing components.

[0050] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, this turret clarifies the specific type, installation method, and auxiliary component structure of the elastic element 3. A compression spring is used as the elastic element 3, and the compression spring is fixed and pre-tightened within the main cutting water channel 12 via a plug 6, forming a simple, highly reliable, and easy-to-maintain elastic drive system. The cutting water pipe 2 remains a tubular structure to ensure smooth delivery of the cutting fluid.

[0051] A plug 6 is provided at the end of the main cutting water channel 12 away from the cutter head 4. The plug 6 is sealed to the end of the main cutting water channel 12 by means of threaded connection, interference fit or bolt fixation, which not only prevents the cutting fluid from leaking from the end of the channel, but also provides a fixed support end for the compression spring.

[0052] The compression spring is installed inside the main cutting water channel 12. One end of the spring abuts against the end face of the plug 6, and the other end abuts against the end of the cutting water pipe 2. The compression spring is in a pre-compressed state by the axial positioning of the cutting water pipe 2 and the plug 6, so as to provide a continuous axial preload for the cutting water pipe 2.

[0053] To further improve the sealing performance between the cutter head 4 and the cutting water pipe 2, a second annular groove 23 is provided on the end face of the cutting water pipe 2 near the cutter head 4, and a second O-ring seal 7 is provided in the second annular groove 23.

[0054] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the end of the cutting water pipe 2 facing away from the cutter head 4 has a tapered opening 24 that gradually expands from the inside to the outside. By designing the tapered opening of the cutting water pipe 2, the cutting fluid can generate dynamic pressure during flow, assisting the compression spring to provide sufficient clamping force and preventing leakage due to insufficient spring force when the cutting fluid is under high pressure.

[0055] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the end of the cutting water pipe 2 facing away from the cutter head 4 has an internal thread 25. In practice, the cutting water pipe 2 is usually located inside the main cutting water channel 12 and is not easily removed. When it is necessary to replace the cutting water pipe 2, it can be removed by screwing a screw into the internal thread at the tail of the cutting water pipe 2.

[0056] According to embodiments of this application, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a screw hole 6 is provided at the end of the plug 6 opposite to the cutter head 4. By providing a screw hole 61 at the tail end of the plug 6, it is convenient for the operator to pull out the plug 6 when replacing the cutting water pipe 4.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0058] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0059] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A tool turret with a detachable cutter head and cutting water pipe, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing (1) with a cutter head connection part (11) provided on one side. A main cutting water channel (12) is provided inside the housing (1). A cutting water pipe (2) that can slide axially in a sealed manner is provided inside the main cutting water channel (12). The cutting water pipe (2) is provided with an axial pre-tightening force by an elastic element (3). The working compression amount of the cutting water pipe (2) under the action of the elastic element (3) is H. A limiting structure is provided inside the main cutting water channel (12). A cutter head (4) rotatably connected to the cutter head connection part (11). A plurality of tool mounting positions are circumferentially arranged on the cutter head (4), and each tool mounting position is provided with a branch cutting water channel (41) corresponding to the tool mounting position. A driving mechanism provided inside the housing (1) for driving the tool to rotate. The driving mechanism has a driving end. The turret has: a working state and a tool changing state. In the working state, the cutter head (4) is in a first axial position. The cutting water pipe (2) is in sealed contact with the cutter head (4) under the action of the elastic element (3), so that the main cutting water channel (12) is communicated with the corresponding branch cutting water channel (41). At the same time, the driving end is in transmission connection with the tool at the working position. In the tool changing state, the cutter head (4) is in a second axial position. The second axial position is coaxial with the first axial position and is farther from the housing (1) relative to the first axial position. The cutting water pipe (2) axially moves with the cutter head (4) until it is blocked by the limiting structure, so that a separation gap S is formed between the front end of the cutting water pipe (2) and the cutter head (4), where S < H. At this time, the cutter head (4) can rotate freely for tool changing operations.

2. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the cutting water pipe (2) is D1. The outer wall of the end of the cutting water pipe (2) close to the cutter head (4) has an annular notch (21) to form a journal, and the outer diameter of the journal is D2. The limiting structure is an annular boss (13) provided inside the main cutting water channel (12). The inner diameter of the annular boss (13) is D3, and D1, D2, and D3 satisfy: D2 < D3 < D1.

3. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the cutting water pipe (2) is D1. The outer wall of the cutting water pipe (2) has an annular notch (21) to form a journal, and the outer diameter of the journal is D2. The limiting structure is a plurality of convex blocks (14) circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the main cutting water channel (12). The diameter of the second circle determined by the radially inward endpoints of the plurality of convex blocks (14) is D4, and D1, D2, and D4 satisfy: D2 < D4 < D1.

4. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure is located at the end of the main cutting water channel (12) close to the cutter head (4).

5. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one first annular groove (22) is provided on the outer wall of the cutting water pipe (2), and a first O-ring (5) is provided inside the first annular groove (22).

6. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (3) is a compression spring. A plug (6) is provided at the end of the main cutting water channel (12) far from the cutter head (4). The compression spring is located within the main cutting water channel (12) and is compressed by the cutting water pipe (2) and the plug (6).

7. The turret with separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting water pipe (2) has a second annular groove (23) on its end face near the cutter head (4), and a second O-ring (7) is provided in the second annular groove (23).

8. The turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting water pipe (2) has a tapered opening (24) that gradually expands from the inside to the outside at the end opposite to the cutter head (4).

9. The turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cutting water pipe (2) has an internal thread (25) at the end opposite to the cutter head (4).

10. The turret with a separable cutter head and cutting water pipe according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plug (6) has a screw hole (61) at the end opposite to the cutter head (4).

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