Aluminum-magnesium dust explosion-proof wet dust removal device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to metal dust dust removal technical field, and disclose a kind of anti-explosion aluminium magnesium dust wet dust removal device, including conveying air pipe, one end of conveying air pipe is sealedly connected with cyclone separation device, the other end of conveying air pipe is connected with cyclone tower, it is provided with spray dust removal device in conveying air pipe, cyclone tower top is provided with hydrogen detection alarm assembly, cyclone tower top is connected with cyclone discharge component, cyclone tower below is provided with sedimentation tank, the side of sedimentation tank is provided with mud scraper, the side of sedimentation tank is also provided with spray water circulation component, spray water circulation component is sealedly connected with spray dust removal device, the utility model structure design compact and reasonable, can remove magnesium aluminium metal dust in production and processing, can improve job safety, can prevent metal dust explosion, and device can use water recycling with sediment dust, can save water resource greatly, the slurry containing metal dust is deposited, it is convenient to collect metal dust, device is easy to use and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal dust removal technology, specifically an explosion-proof wet dust removal device for aluminum and magnesium dust. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial production, the metal processing industry has developed rapidly. Light metals such as aluminum and magnesium are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and electronic communications due to their excellent properties such as low density, high strength, and good electrical conductivity. However, the cutting, grinding, and polishing processes of aluminum and magnesium metals generate a large amount of fine metal dust, which poses a serious challenge to safe production and environmental protection. Aluminum and magnesium dust are extremely flammable and explosive. Their fine particles and large surface area mean that when fully mixed with air within a certain concentration range (the lower explosive limit for aluminum dust is approximately 35 g / m³, and for magnesium dust, approximately 20 g / m³), they readily undergo a violent oxidation reaction upon encountering a source of ignition, static electricity, or high temperature, leading to an explosion. An aluminum and magnesium dust explosion not only releases enormous amounts of energy instantly, causing equipment damage and casualties, but also generates high temperatures, shock waves, and toxic gases, further expanding the scope of the hazard and seriously threatening the production safety of enterprises and the public safety of surrounding communities. Currently, many companies still use traditional wet scrubbing equipment for metal dust removal, which mainly uses water spraying to settle metal powder in the airflow. While this method can capture dust to some extent, it has significant limitations. Firstly, to achieve good dust removal, traditional equipment often requires continuous and large-volume water spraying, resulting in huge water consumption. Large amounts of water, after mixing with metal dust, become wastewater containing metal ions; direct discharge of this wastewater pollutes soil, water bodies, and other ecological environments. If treated, it increases the company's wastewater treatment costs and operational burden. Secondly, traditional equipment lacks specific design for the characteristics of aluminum and magnesium dust. During processing, aluminum and magnesium metal may react chemically with water, generating flammable and explosive hydrogen gas, further increasing the risk of explosion. Furthermore, the hydrogen concentration cannot be effectively monitored and controlled, making it difficult to ensure the safety of the production process. Utility Model Content

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an explosion-proof wet dust removal device for aluminum and magnesium dust, which solves the problems of serious water waste in existing devices mentioned in the background.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an explosion-proof wet dust removal device for aluminum and magnesium dust, comprising a conveying duct, one end of which is sealed to a cyclone separator, the other end of which is connected to a cyclone tower, a spray dust removal device installed inside the conveying duct, a hydrogen detection alarm component installed at the top of the cyclone tower, a cyclone discharge component connected to the top of the cyclone tower, a sedimentation tank installed below the cyclone tower, a sludge scraper installed on one side of the sedimentation tank, and a spray water circulation component installed on one side of the sedimentation tank, the spray water circulation component being sealed to the spray dust removal device.

[0005] Preferably, the conveying air duct is also equipped with an explosion relief pipe, which is located upstream of the spray dust removal device.

[0006] Preferably, the hydrogen detection and alarm component includes a hydrogen concentration detector and a hydrogen emission port, both of which are installed at the top of the cyclone tower.

[0007] Preferably, the cyclone emission assembly includes a vortex connector, a conveying pipe, a vortex blower, and an emission chimney. The top of the cyclone tower is fitted with a vortex connector, one side of which is connected to a conveying pipe. One end of the conveying pipe is connected to a vortex blower, and the output port of the vortex blower is sealed to the emission chimney.

[0008] Preferably, the spray water circulation assembly includes a water supply pipe, a circulating water pump, a water intake tank, a flow sensor, and a water pressure sensor. A water intake tank is provided on one side of the sedimentation tank, and a water supply pipe is sealed to one side of the water intake tank. The other end of the water supply pipe is sealed to the spray dust removal device. A circulating water pump is provided on the water supply pipe, and a flow sensor and a water pressure sensor are sequentially provided at the downstream end of the circulating water pump.

[0009] Preferably, both the cyclone tower and the sedimentation tank are made of metal, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank is equipped with an anti-static base.

[0010] Preferably, an inspection door is provided on one side of the cyclone tower.

[0011] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an explosion-proof wet dust removal device for aluminum and magnesium dust, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust is equipped with a conveying duct, a spray dust removal device, a cyclone tower, a hydrogen detection and alarm component, a cyclone discharge component, and a sedimentation tank. It can remove magnesium and aluminum metal dust during production and processing, improve operational safety, prevent metal dust explosions, and recycle the settled dust with water, which can save water resources significantly. It can also settle the slurry containing metal dust, making it easy to collect the metal dust. The device is convenient to use and highly safe.

[0012] 2. It is equipped with a sedimentation tank and a spray water circulation system, which can recycle the water used for spray dust removal, thus saving water resources significantly.

[0013] 3. Equipped with a hydrogen detection alarm component, which can monitor the hydrogen concentration inside the cyclone tower and effectively improve the safety of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone emission component structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray water circulation component of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Conveying air duct; 2. Spray dust removal device; 3. Cyclone tower; 4. Hydrogen detection and alarm component; 5. Cyclone emission component; 6. Sedimentation tank; 7. Sludge scraper; 8. Spray water circulation component; 9. Explosion relief pipe; 10. Hydrogen concentration detector; 11. Hydrogen emission port; 12. Vortex connector; 13. Conveying pipeline; 14. Vortex blower; 15. Emission chimney; 16. Water supply pipeline; 17. Circulating water pump; 18. Water intake tank; 19. Flow sensor; 20. Water pressure sensor; 21. Anti-static base; 22. Inspection door. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: An explosion-proof wet dust removal device for aluminum and magnesium dust includes a conveying duct 1, one end of which is sealed to a cyclone separator, and the other end of which is connected to a cyclone tower 3. A spray dust removal device 2 is installed inside the conveying duct 1. A hydrogen detection alarm component 4 is installed on the top of the cyclone tower 3. A cyclone discharge component 5 is connected to the top of the cyclone tower 3. A sedimentation tank 6 is installed below the cyclone tower 3. A sludge scraper 7 is installed on one side of the sedimentation tank 6. A spray water circulation component 8 is also installed on one side of the sedimentation tank 6. The spray water circulation component 8 is sealed to the spray dust removal device 2.

[0018] Furthermore, an explosion relief pipe 9 is also installed on the conveying air duct 1, which is located upstream of the spray dust removal device 2. The explosion relief pipe 9 facilitates rapid pressure relief within the conveying air duct 1, and its location upstream of the spray dust removal device 2 prevents an explosion from affecting the spray dust removal device 2.

[0019] Furthermore, the hydrogen detection and alarm component 4 includes a hydrogen concentration detector 10 and a hydrogen emission port 11, both of which are installed at the top of the cyclone tower 3. Aluminum powder may generate hydrogen gas when it comes into contact with water (2Al + 6H2O → 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2↑), and magnesium powder will also react with hot water to release hydrogen gas. Excessive hydrogen concentration can easily lead to an explosion. Therefore, the hydrogen detection and alarm component 4 must be installed to effectively improve the stability of the device.

[0020] Furthermore, the cyclone emission assembly 5 includes a vortex connector 12, a delivery pipe 13, a vortex blower 14, and an emission chimney 15. The vortex connector 12 is fitted onto the top of the cyclone tower 3. One side of the vortex connector 12 is connected to the delivery pipe 13, and one end of the delivery pipe 13 is connected to the vortex blower 14. The output port of the vortex blower 14 is sealed to the emission chimney 15. The vortex blower provides power to circulate the gas and discharge it into the atmosphere.

[0021] Furthermore, the spray water circulation assembly 8 includes a water supply pipe 16, a circulating water pump 17, a water intake tank 18, a flow sensor 19, and a water pressure sensor 20. A water intake tank 18 is located on one side of the sedimentation tank 6, and a water supply pipe 16 is sealed to one side of the water intake tank 18. The other end of the water supply pipe 16 is sealed to the spray dust removal device 2. A circulating water pump 17 is installed on the water supply pipe 16, and a flow sensor 19 and a water pressure sensor 20 are sequentially installed downstream of the circulating water pump 17. The liquid level in the water intake tank 18 is higher than the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6, and a diaphragm is installed inside to prevent metal powder from passing through, effectively preventing the sedimented metal powder drawn to the bottom of the sedimentation tank. The circulating water is drawn to the spray dust removal device 2, atomized under high pressure, and sprayed into the airflow carrying a large amount of dust, which captures the dust, causing it to settle or form sludge. The circulating water then flows back into the sedimentation tank 6 for continuous recycling.

[0022] Furthermore, both the cyclone tower 3 and the sedimentation tank 6 are made of metal, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6 is equipped with an anti-static base 21. When metal dust moves at high speed with the air, it will come into contact with and rub against the inner wall of the device, generating static electricity. Therefore, an anti-static base 21 is needed to discharge the static electricity. It is recommended that the cyclone tower 3 and the sedimentation tank 6 be made of Q235 steel.

[0023] Furthermore, an inspection door 22 is provided on one side of the cyclone tower 3. Metal dust enters the tower with the airflow and comes into countercurrent contact with the circulating water, which facilitates gas-liquid separation. The rotation increases the airflow path, significantly saves equipment space, and improves separation efficiency.

[0024] Structural Description: Conveying duct 1: The duct used in the device to transport aluminum and magnesium metal dust. One end is sealed to the cyclone separator and the other end is connected to the cyclone tower 3, forming a dust conveying channel. Spray dust removal device 2: A dust removal device installed inside the conveying air duct 1. It atomizes circulating water under high pressure and makes it fully contact the dust-laden airflow, causing the dust to settle or form slurry, thus achieving preliminary dust removal. Cyclone Tower 3: The core equipment for deep purification of dust-laden airflow. It increases the gas-liquid contact area through gas-liquid countercurrent contact and rotational motion, further adsorbing and removing dust. The top integrates a hydrogen detection function. Hydrogen detection and alarm component 4: A safety monitoring device installed on the top of the cyclone tower 3, consisting of a hydrogen concentration detector 10 and a hydrogen emission port 11, which monitors the hydrogen concentration in real time. When the concentration exceeds the standard, an alarm is triggered and the emission port is opened to discharge hydrogen. Cyclone exhaust assembly 5: The exhaust system for purified gas consists of a vortex connector 12, a conveying pipe 13, a vortex blower 14 and an exhaust chimney 15, which pressurizes and conveys the purified gas and discharges it into the atmosphere. Sedimentation tank 6: A container used to treat dusty sludge, receiving the sludge discharged from the bottom of the cyclone tower 3, allowing the metal dust to settle by settling, and the clear liquid flowing into the water intake tank 18. Sludge scraper 7: Mechanical equipment installed on one side of sedimentation tank 6 to prevent metal dust from adhering to the side wall; Spray water circulation component 8: A system for realizing the recycling of water resources, consisting of water conveyance pipeline 16, circulating water pump 17, water intake tank 18, flow sensor 19 and water pressure sensor 20, which pumps the upper layer of clear water from sedimentation tank 6 to spray dust removal device 2 for reuse. Explosion relief pipe 9: A safety component installed on the conveying air duct 1, located upstream of the spray dust removal device 2. When an explosion occurs inside the conveying air duct 1, it quickly releases the pressure inside the pipe to protect the spray dust removal device 2 and other downstream equipment. Hydrogen concentration detector 10: The core monitoring element in hydrogen detection and alarm component 4, which detects the hydrogen concentration in cyclone tower 3 in real time and provides data support for safe operation; Hydrogen emission port 11: The exhaust component of hydrogen detection and alarm assembly 4 automatically opens when the hydrogen concentration exceeds the standard to discharge the hydrogen accumulated in the cyclone tower 3; Vortex connector 12: The connecting component between the cyclone discharge assembly 5 and the top of the cyclone tower 3, allowing the purified gas to smoothly enter the discharge channel; Delivery pipe 13: A gas transmission pipe connecting the vortex connector 12 and the vortex blower 14, which delivers the purified gas to the vortex blower 14; Vortex blower 14: A device that provides power for the emission of purified gas, pressurizing the gas and discharging it through the exhaust chimney 15; Chimney 15: The final emission channel for the purified gas, which discharges the treated gas into the atmosphere; Water supply pipe 16: Water flow channel in the spray water circulation assembly 8, connecting the water intake tank 18 and the spray dust removal device 2, used to transport circulating water; Circulating water pump 17: The power equipment in the spray water circulation assembly 8, which draws clean water from the water tank 18 and transports it to the spray dust removal device 2; Water intake tank 18: A water storage container located on one side of sedimentation tank 6, which receives the clear water from the upper layer of sedimentation tank 6. The internal diaphragm can block metal powder and prevent it from entering the circulation system. Flow sensor 19: A monitoring device installed on the water supply pipeline 16 to monitor the flow rate of circulating water in real time and ensure the stable operation of the water circulation system; Water pressure sensor 20: A monitoring device installed on the water supply pipeline 16 to monitor the pressure of the circulating water in real time and ensure the spraying effect of the spray dust removal device 2; Antistatic base 21: Grounding component at the bottom of cyclone tower 3 and sedimentation tank 6, used to discharge static electricity generated by friction between metal dust and the inner wall of the equipment, and prevent static electricity from causing an explosion; Inspection door 22: An openable structure located on the side of the cyclone tower 3, which facilitates staff to enter the tower for equipment inspection, maintenance and cleaning.

[0025] Working Principle: Dust-laden gas generated during aluminum and magnesium metal processing is initially separated by a cyclone separator. Large dust particles are separated and collected under centrifugal force, reducing the load on subsequent processing. The pre-treated dust-laden gas proceeds along the conveying duct 1 and enters the spray dust removal device 2 located within the duct. The spray dust removal device 2 atomizes circulating water under high pressure. The fine water mist fully contacts the dust-laden airflow, capturing metal dust in the airflow through inertial collision, interception, and agglomeration, causing the dust to settle or form slurry, achieving the first stage of dust purification. The dust-laden airflow after treatment by the spray dust removal device 2 continues into the cyclone tower 3 for further purification. Inside the cyclone tower 3, the dust-laden airflow and circulating water are in counter-current contact. The rotating structural design significantly increases the gas-liquid contact area and airflow path, promoting thorough mixing of dust and water droplets, further improving dust removal efficiency. During this process, metal dust is fully adsorbed by the circulating water and settles to the bottom of the tower, while the purified gas rises to the top of the cyclone tower 3. A hydrogen detection and alarm component 4 installed at the top of the cyclone tower 3 monitors the hydrogen concentration inside the tower in real time. Since aluminum powder reacts with water and magnesium powder reacts with hot water to generate hydrogen, when the hydrogen concentration detector 10 detects that the hydrogen concentration exceeds the safety threshold, it immediately triggers an alarm and opens the hydrogen emission port 11 to promptly discharge the accumulated hydrogen inside the tower, effectively preventing the risk of explosion due to excessive hydrogen concentration and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the device. Gas purified by the cyclone tower 3 and confirmed to have a safe hydrogen concentration is discharged from the device through the cyclone emission component 5 at the top. In the cyclone emission component 5, the vortex connector 12 is tightly fitted to the top of the cyclone tower 3. The gas enters the conveying pipe 13 through the vortex connector 12 and, under the power of the vortex blower 14, flows along the conveying pipe 13 to the emission chimney 15, ultimately being discharged into the atmosphere in compliance with standards. The slurry containing metal dust that settles at the bottom of the cyclone tower 3 flows into the sedimentation tank 6 below by gravity. In sedimentation tank 6, the sludge settles, and metal dust settles to the bottom, while the clear water overflows into a water intake tank 18 on one side. The water level in the water intake tank 18 is higher than the bottom of sedimentation tank 6, and an internal diaphragm effectively blocks metal powder from passing through, preventing the extraction of settled metal dust. The clear water in the water intake tank 18 is recycled through a spray water circulation assembly 8. A circulating water pump 17 draws clear water from the water intake tank 18 and delivers it to the spray dust removal device 2 via a water supply pipe 16. A flow sensor 19 and a water pressure sensor 20 installed on the water supply pipe 16 monitor the flow rate and pressure of the circulating water in real time, ensuring that the spray dust removal device 2 receives a stable and suitable water source to maintain a high-efficiency spray dust removal effect. After being atomized under high pressure at the spray dust removal device 2, the circulating water is used again for dust capture, thus forming a closed loop of water resource recycling and significantly saving water resources. In addition, a vent pipe 9 is installed on the conveying air duct 1 of the device, located upstream of the spray dust removal device 2. In the event of an explosion inside the air delivery duct 1, the explosion relief pipe 9 can quickly release the pressure inside the duct, preventing the explosion shock wave from affecting the spray dust removal device 2 and ensuring the safety of the core components of the device.The cyclone tower 3 and sedimentation tank 6 are made of metal (Q235 steel is recommended), and the bottom of the sedimentation tank 6 is equipped with an anti-static base 21, which can promptly discharge the static electricity generated by the friction between metal dust and the inner wall of the device, eliminating the risk of explosion caused by static electricity. The maintenance door 22 on the side of the cyclone tower 3 allows staff to regularly enter the tower to inspect and maintain the equipment, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust, comprising a conveying duct (1), one end of which is sealed to a cyclone separator, characterized in that: The other end of the conveying air duct (1) is connected to a cyclone tower (3). A spray dust removal device (2) is installed inside the conveying air duct (1). A hydrogen detection alarm component (4) is installed on the top of the cyclone tower (3). A cyclone discharge component (5) is connected to the top of the cyclone tower (3). A sedimentation tank (6) is installed below the cyclone tower (3). A sludge scraper (7) is installed on one side of the sedimentation tank (6). A spray water circulation component (8) is also installed on one side of the sedimentation tank (6). The spray water circulation component (8) is sealed to the spray dust removal device (2).

2. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying air duct (1) is also equipped with an explosion relief pipe (9), which is located upstream of the spray dust removal device (2).

3. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen detection alarm component (4) includes a hydrogen concentration detector (10) and a hydrogen emission port (11), both of which are installed on the top of the cyclone tower (3).

4. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone emission assembly (5) includes a vortex connector (12), a conveying pipe (13), a vortex fan (14), and an emission chimney (15). The top of the cyclone tower (3) is fitted with a vortex connector (12). One side of the vortex connector (12) is connected to the conveying pipe (13), and one end of the conveying pipe (13) is connected to the vortex fan (14). The output port of the vortex fan (14) is sealed to the emission chimney (15).

5. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray water circulation assembly (8) includes a water supply pipe (16), a circulating water pump (17), a water intake tank (18), a flow sensor (19), and a water pressure sensor (20). A water intake tank (18) is provided on one side of the sedimentation tank (6). A water supply pipe (16) is sealed to one side of the water intake tank (18). The other end of the water supply pipe (16) is sealed to the spray dust removal device (2). A circulating water pump (17) is provided on the water supply pipe (16). A flow sensor (19) and a water pressure sensor (20) are sequentially provided at the downstream end of the circulating water pump (17).

6. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the cyclone tower (3) and the sedimentation tank (6) are made of metal, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank (6) is equipped with an anti-static base (21).

7. The explosion-proof wet dust collector for aluminum and magnesium dust according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone tower (3) is provided with an inspection door (22) on one side.

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