A deep fault zone broken soft surrounding rock floor reinforcing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of deep fault zone broken soft weak surrounding rock floor reinforcement device, comprising: reinforcement component, pouring structure and monitoring component;The reinforcement component is laid in the corner position of the convergence of roadway floor and the floor of side part;The pouring structure is laid on roadway floor surface, and the reinforcement component is wrapped and combined with floor surrounding rock to form a whole;The monitoring component is embedded in the stress part of reinforcement component and the stress concentration area of pouring structure;Wherein, the reinforcement component provides bottom anchoring support for pouring structure, the pouring structure integrates reinforcement component and floor surrounding rock, and the monitoring component monitors the mechanical state of reinforcement component and pouring structure in real time.The utility model realizes the overall reinforcement of roadway floor and real-time mechanical state monitoring by the synergistic effect of reinforcement component, pouring structure and monitoring component, effectively improves floor stability and safety control ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surrounding rock floor reinforcement technology, specifically to a device for reinforcing the floor of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones. Background Technology

[0002] In deep fault zones, the fractured and weak surrounding rock floor is prone to deformation, bulging, and breakage, severely affecting tunnel stability and mining safety. Currently, to improve the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock floor, a combination of reinforcement methods such as grouting, anchor bolts, and anchor cables are commonly used to treat the floor.

[0003] Existing reinforcement schemes mostly employ single or simple combinations of reinforcement structures, using anchor bolts, pipe piles, and other components in the base slab and corners, combined with grouting and concrete pouring to form a reinforcement system. However, such schemes offer limited improvement in the overall integrity of fractured surrounding rock, exhibit poor synergistic stress distribution among the various reinforcement components, and, due to the complex stress distribution in the fault zone's surrounding rock, traditional reinforcement structures struggle to adapt to dynamic stress changes, easily leading to localized component overload failure. Furthermore, the dispersed placement of monitoring components in existing schemes makes it difficult to accurately and in real-time provide feedback on the stress state of the entire reinforcement system, hindering timely adjustments to the reinforcement strategy.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology to optimize the reinforcement structure and monitoring method of the fractured and weak surrounding rock floor in deep fault zones, in order to solve the problem of how to improve the synergistic stress-bearing capacity of the reinforcement system, adapt to complex stress environments, and achieve accurate monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, this utility model proposes a reinforcement device for the fractured and weak surrounding rock base of deep fault zones, aiming to solve the problems of how to improve the synergistic stress-bearing capacity of the reinforcement system, adapt to complex stress environments, and achieve accurate monitoring.

[0006] This utility model provides a device for reinforcing the base of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones, including: a reinforcement component, a casting structure, and a monitoring component;

[0007] The reinforcement components are installed at the corners where the roadway floor and sidewalls meet the floor;

[0008] The cast-in-place structure is laid on the surface of the tunnel floor, wraps the reinforcement components, and combines with the surrounding rock of the floor to form an integral whole;

[0009] The monitoring component is embedded in the stress-bearing parts of the reinforcement component and the stress concentration areas of the cast structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforcement components include a base plate grouting unit, corner anchor bolts, corner pipe piles, and base plate anchor cables;

[0011] The bottom slab grouting unit uses 4-point steel grouting pipes, which are vertically arranged along the bottom slab of the roadway. The 4-point steel grouting pipes have a hole depth of 4m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 pipes are arranged in each row. The 4-point steel grouting pipes are anchored inside the surrounding rock of the bottom slab.

[0012] Furthermore, the grouting pressure of the base plate grouting unit is ≥2MPa.

[0013] Furthermore, the corner anchor is located at the corner where the roadway sidewall and the floor slab meet on both sides. The corner anchor is inclined at an angle of 30±5° to the floor slab. One end of the corner anchor is anchored to the surrounding rock of the sidewall, and the other end extends to the surface of the floor slab. The surface of the corner anchor is provided with a threaded structure, and the end is equipped with a fastening component.

[0014] Furthermore, the corner anchor rods in the reinforcement assembly are 2800mm long and 22mm in diameter, with 2 rods installed on each cross section, spaced 2m apart, and located 300mm from the bottom corner of the roadway side.

[0015] Furthermore, the corner pipe pile is a perforated pipe structure, located at the corner where the bottom slab connects to the side walls. It is arranged by drilling along the bottom slab of the tunnel and at a 45° angle to the bottom slab. One end of the corner pipe pile is anchored to the surrounding rock at the corner, and the other end is exposed on the surface of the bottom slab. The corner pipe pile also serves as a grouting channel. Grout outlet holes are opened on the outer side of the corner pipe pile. The grout outlet holes are arranged in a cross shape. The gap between the corner pipe pile and the drill hole is filled with sealing material.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom corner pipe pile has a diameter of 51mm, a wall thickness of 4-6mm, a length of 4.5m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 piles per section. It is constructed at a distance of approximately 300-500mm from the bottom corner to the side. The borehole diameter is 55mm, the grouting sealing length is ≥300mm, and the bottom corner pipe pile is exposed for 300mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom plate anchor cables are evenly distributed along the roadway cross section. One end of the bottom plate anchor cable is anchored to the deep surrounding rock of the bottom plate, and the other end extends to the surface of the bottom plate and is equipped with a lock and a tray. The bottom plate anchor cables are connected with the transverse anchor beams to form a combined structure. The anchor beams are laid in an alternating pattern along the roadway direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom plate anchor cable is 6200mm long and 22mm in diameter, with 3 cables per section and a row spacing of 2m. It is made of steel strand anchor cable, with 300mm exposed. It can be fitted with two locks and a tray. One lock is prestressed with 180kN. The large tray has a size of 300×300×16mm and the small tray has a size of 150×150×10mm. It is integrated with the bottom arch through subsequent casting. The anchor beam can be made of 14# channel steel or special-shaped steel strip.

[0019] Furthermore, the cast-in-place structure includes a steel mesh and a concrete layer; the steel mesh is laid flat inside the concrete layer, the interval between the steel mesh and the upper surface of the concrete layer is 2cm, the steel mesh is fixed by a wire mesh, and the mesh panels are connected by L-shaped anchor bars.

[0020] Furthermore, the specifications of the steel mesh are: φ6×2100×2500mm, double-stranded No.14 iron wire, with a mesh spacing of 200mm.

[0021] Further, after the grouting of the base slab is completed, concrete will be poured to a thickness of 500mm, with a concrete strength grade of C40.

[0022] Furthermore, the concrete layer covers all the reinforcing components and is bonded to the surrounding rock of the base plate. Reinforcing fibers are added to the concrete layer at a rate of 1 kg per cubic meter of concrete.

[0023] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a first mechanical sensor located at the corner anchor bolt. The first mechanical sensor is embedded in the contact area between the corner anchor bolt and the surrounding rock. The first mechanical sensor is used to monitor the stress state and deformation of the anchor bolt.

[0024] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a second mechanical sensor located at the bottom corner pipe pile and the bottom plate anchor cable. The second mechanical sensor is installed at the junction of the exposed section of the bottom corner pipe pile and the concrete layer, and at the contact point between the anchor cable tray and the concrete layer. The second mechanical sensor is used to monitor the prestress changes of the pipe pile and the anchor cable.

[0025] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a third mechanical sensor located at the arch top, arch shoulder, and concrete inverted arch of the arch support. The third mechanical sensor is embedded in the contact area between the support and the concrete or in the stress concentration area inside the concrete. The third mechanical sensor is used to monitor the overall load-bearing state of the structure.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] 1. By precisely reinforcing the roadway floor and weak corner areas with reinforcement components, and combining them with the cast-in-place structure to form an overall load-bearing system, the stability and load-bearing capacity of the roadway structure are greatly improved, which can effectively resist the deformation and impact of the surrounding rock and extend the service life.

[0028] 2. The monitoring components are embedded in key stress-bearing parts, which can collect data in real time and provide timely warnings, making it easier to take reinforcement or parameter adjustment measures in advance to avoid structural instability and safety accidents, thus realizing dynamic and scientific management of the roadway status. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the deep fault zone fractured and weak surrounding rock bottom reinforcement device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom corner pipe pile provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the anchor beam provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the steel mesh structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 100-Reinforcement component; 110-Grouting unit for base plate; 120-Corner anchor bolt; 130-Corner pipe pile; 131-Grouting hole; 140-Base plate anchor cable; 141-Lock; 142-Tray; 143-Anchor beam; 200-Cast structure; 210-Reinforcing mesh; 220-Concrete layer; 300-Monitoring component; 310-First mechanical sensor; 320-Second mechanical sensor; 330-Third mechanical sensor; 400-Support. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a reinforcement device for the fractured and weak surrounding rock base of a deep fault zone, including a reinforcement component 100, a casting structure 200 and a monitoring component 300.

[0040] Specifically, the reinforcement component 100 is disposed at the corner where the tunnel floor and sidewalls connect with the floor;

[0041] The cast-in-place structure 200 is laid on the surface of the tunnel floor, wraps the reinforcing component 100, and combines with the surrounding rock of the floor to form an integral whole;

[0042] The monitoring component 300 is embedded in the stress-bearing part of the reinforcement component 100 and the stress concentration area of ​​the cast structure 200.

[0043] The above embodiments precisely reinforce the roadway floor and weak corner areas using the reinforcement component 100, forming an integrated load-bearing system with the cast-in-place structure 200. This significantly improves the stability and load-bearing capacity of the roadway structure, effectively resisting surrounding rock deformation and impact, and extending its service life. The monitoring component 300 is embedded in key load-bearing parts, enabling real-time data collection and timely warnings. This facilitates early reinforcement or parameter adjustment measures, preventing structural instability and safety accidents, and achieving dynamic and scientific management of the roadway's condition.

[0044] See Figure 1 As shown, the reinforcement component 100 includes a bottom plate grouting unit 110, a corner anchor rod 120, a bottom corner pipe pile 130, and a bottom plate anchor cable 140;

[0045] The bottom slab grouting unit 110 uses 4-point steel grouting pipes, which are vertically arranged along the bottom slab of the roadway. The 4-point steel grouting pipes have a hole depth of 4m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 pipes are arranged in each row. The 4-point steel grouting pipes are anchored inside the surrounding rock of the bottom slab.

[0046] Specifically, the grouting pressure of the base plate grouting unit 110 is ≥2MPa.

[0047] Specifically, the corner anchor 120 is located at the corner where the roadway sidewall and the floor slab meet. The corner anchor 120 is inclined at an angle of 30±5° to the floor slab. One end of the corner anchor 120 is anchored to the surrounding rock of the sidewall, and the other end extends to the surface of the floor slab. The surface of the corner anchor 120 is provided with a threaded structure, and the end is equipped with a fastening component.

[0048] Specifically, the corner anchor rods 120 in the reinforcement component 100 are 2800mm long and 22mm in diameter, with 2 rods installed on each cross section at a spacing of 2m, and are located 300mm from the bottom corner of the roadway side.

[0049] See Figure 2 As shown, the corner pipe pile 130 is a perforated pipe structure, which is located at the corner where the bottom plate connects with the side walls. It is arranged along the bottom plate of the tunnel and at a 45° angle to the bottom plate. One end of the corner pipe pile 130 is anchored to the surrounding rock at the corner, and the other end is exposed on the surface of the bottom plate. The corner pipe pile 130 also serves as a grouting channel. Grout outlet holes 131 are opened on the outer side of the corner pipe pile 130. The grout outlet holes 131 are arranged in a cross shape. The gap between the corner pipe pile 130 and the borehole is filled with sealing material.

[0050] Specifically, the bottom corner pipe pile 130 has a diameter of 51mm, a wall thickness of 4-6mm, a length of 4.5m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 piles per section. It is installed at the bottom corner about 300-500mm away from the side. The diameter of the drilling and grouting channel is 55mm, the grouting sealing hole length is ≥300mm, and the bottom corner pipe pile 130 is exposed for 300mm.

[0051] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the bottom plate anchor cable 140 is evenly distributed along the cross section of the roadway. One end of the bottom plate anchor cable 140 is anchored to the surrounding rock deep in the bottom plate, and the other end extends to the surface of the bottom plate and is equipped with a lock 141 and a tray 142. The bottom plate anchor cable 140 is connected with the transverse anchor beam 143 to form a combined structure. The anchor beam 143 is laid in an alternating manner along the direction of the roadway.

[0052] Specifically, the bottom plate anchor cable 140 is 6200mm long and 22mm in diameter, with 3 cables per section and a row spacing of 2m. It is made of steel strand anchor cable, with 300mm exposed. It can be fitted with two locking devices 141 and a tray 142. One locking device 141 is prestressed with 180kN. The large tray 142 has a size of 300×300×16mm, and the small tray 142 has a size of 150×150×10mm. It is integrated with the bottom arch through subsequent casting. The anchor beam 143 can be made of 14# channel steel or special-shaped steel strip.

[0053] Understandably, the specific configuration of each part in the reinforcement component 100 can strengthen the tunnel structure from multiple dimensions, bringing significant practical effects. The bottom slab grouting unit 110 uses 4-point steel grouting pipes arranged vertically, with a hole depth of 4m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 pipes per row. The grouting pressure is ≥2MPa, which can effectively inject grout into the bottom slab surrounding rock, fill the cracks and cement the broken rock mass, improving the integrity and deformation resistance of the bottom slab surrounding rock. The side corner anchor 120 is set at the corner where the side and bottom slab connect with an inclination angle of 30±5°, with one end anchored to the side slab surrounding rock. It can specifically resist the shear stress at the corner and prevent the side corner from cracking and collapsing. The bottom corner pipe pile 130 is a perforated pipe structure with a diameter of 51mm and a length of 4.5m. It is laid at a 45° inclination along the bottom corner and serves as a grouting channel and a sealing hole between the pile and the borehole. It provides support through the pipe pile itself and can also reinforce the surrounding rock at the bottom corner by grouting, thereby enhancing the bearing capacity of the corner. The bottom plate anchor cable 140 is 6200mm long with 3 cables per section. It forms a combined structure with the transverse anchor beam 143 and applies 180kN of prestress. It can transfer the force of the bottom plate to the deep stable surrounding rock and effectively control the bulging of the bottom plate.

[0054] Understandably, the precise setting of parameters such as row spacing, inclination angle, and grouting pressure ensures the maximization of reinforcement effect: the bottom plate grouting and the bottom corner pipe pile 130 grouting form a three-dimensional reinforcement network, and the corner anchor rod 120 and bottom plate anchor cable 140 provide constraints from different directions, jointly constructing a comprehensive force balance system, so that when the roadway is subjected to complex loads such as surrounding rock pressure and rockburst, stress can be transmitted more evenly, and the risk of local damage can be greatly reduced.

[0055] The combined reinforcement design described above is both targeted and systematic, applicable to various geological conditions. For complex environments such as soft rock and fractured surrounding rock, the bottom grouting unit 110 can improve the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock, the corner anchors 120 and bottom corner pipe piles 130 can strengthen weak corner areas, and the bottom grouting cable 140 provides deep anchoring force. The various components have clear division of labor and cooperate with each other. At the same time, the specifications and layout of each component are specific and clear, which facilitates construction personnel to operate according to standards, ensures the stability of reinforcement quality, and provides a solid guarantee for the long-term safe operation of the roadway.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the cast-in-place structure 200 includes a steel mesh 210 and a concrete layer 220; the steel mesh 210 is laid flat inside the concrete layer 220, the interval between the steel mesh 210 and the upper surface of the concrete layer 220 is 2cm, the steel mesh 210 is fixed by a wire mesh, and the mesh pieces are connected by L-shaped anchor bars.

[0057] Specifically, the 210 steel mesh pieces have the following specifications: φ6×2100×2500mm, with double strands of 14# iron wire connected together, and the spacing between the wires is 200mm.

[0058] Specifically, after the grouting of the base slab is completed, concrete will be poured to a thickness of 500mm, with a concrete strength grade of C40.

[0059] Specifically, the concrete layer 220 covers all the reinforcing components 100 and is bonded to the surrounding rock of the base plate. Reinforcing fibers are added to the concrete layer 220 at a rate of 1 kg per cubic meter of concrete.

[0060] Understandably, the coordinated design of the steel mesh 210 and the concrete layer 220 in the cast-in-place structure 200 significantly improves the overall strength and stability of the tunnel floor. The φ6×2100×2500mm steel mesh 210 is laid flat inside the concrete layer 220, spaced 2cm from the upper surface. It is fixed by double-stranded #14 iron wire at 200mm intervals, and the mesh panels are connected by L-shaped anchor bars, forming a robust skeletal structure. This arrangement allows the steel mesh 210 to evenly distribute the stress on the concrete layer 220, effectively resisting shrinkage cracks and deformation of the concrete. The 2cm interval ensures that the steel mesh 210 is located in the core stress area of ​​the concrete layer 220, while also preventing its exposure and corrosion, thus extending the structural lifespan.

[0061] Understandably, the specific parameter settings for concrete layer 220 further enhance the pouring effect. With a pouring thickness of 500mm and the use of C40 high-strength concrete, it provides solid rigid support for the tunnel floor. After covering all reinforcement components 100, it bonds tightly with the surrounding rock, forming a unified load-bearing structure with the reinforced components 100, significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity. Adding 1 kg of reinforcing fiber per cubic meter of concrete enhances its crack resistance and toughness, reducing cracking of concrete layer 220 due to surrounding rock deformation or impact loads, ensuring the integrity of the poured structure 200 during long-term use.

[0062] The combination of the cast-in-place structure 200 and the reinforcement component 100 in the above embodiment has good compatibility and ease of construction. The laying and connection method of the steel mesh 210 is simple and efficient. The concrete layer 220 is poured after the grouting construction of the bottom slab, which can seamlessly connect with the grouting and reinforced surrounding rock, making full use of the previous reinforcement results. This design not only leverages the tensile strength of the steel mesh 210 and the compressive strength of concrete, but also improves the overall structure through reinforced fibers and reasonable connection methods. This allows the cast-in-place structure 200 to serve as a "protective layer" for the reinforcement component 100, and also to share the load with the reinforcement component 100, providing durable and reliable protection for the tunnel floor.

[0063] Specifically, the monitoring component 300 includes a first mechanical sensor 310 disposed at the corner anchor 120. The first mechanical sensor 310 is embedded in the contact area between the corner anchor 120 and the surrounding rock. The first mechanical sensor 310 is used to monitor the stress state and deformation of the anchor.

[0064] Specifically, the monitoring component 300 includes a second mechanical sensor 320 located at the bottom corner pipe pile 130 and the bottom plate anchor cable 140. The second mechanical sensor 320 is installed at the joint between the exposed section of the bottom corner pipe pile 130 and the concrete layer 220, and at the contact point between the anchor cable tray 142 and the concrete layer 220. The second mechanical sensor 320 is used to monitor the prestress changes of the pipe pile and the anchor cable.

[0065] Specifically, the monitoring component 300 includes a third mechanical sensor 330 located at the arch top, arch shoulder, and concrete inverted arch of the arch support 400. The third mechanical sensor 330 is embedded in the contact area between the support 400 and the concrete or in the stress concentration area inside the concrete. The third mechanical sensor 330 is used to monitor the overall load-bearing state of the structure.

[0066] Understandably, the monitoring component 300, through the placement of sensors at different locations, achieves precise and comprehensive monitoring of the roadway reinforcement and cast-in-place structure 200. The first mechanical sensor 310 is embedded in the contact area between the corner anchor 120 and the surrounding rock, and can capture the stress state and deformation of the anchor in real time. It can promptly detect problems such as anchor loosening and breakage that may occur at the corner due to stress concentration, providing direct data support for the corner reinforcement effect. The second mechanical sensor 320 is installed at the junction of the exposed section of the bottom corner pipe pile 130 and the concrete layer 220, and at the contact area between the anchor cable tray 142 and the concrete layer 220. It accurately monitors the prestress changes of the pipe pile and anchor cable, ensuring that these two key load-bearing components are always in an effective working state and avoiding reinforcement failure due to prestress loss. The third mechanical sensor 330 is set in the stress concentration areas such as the arch top, arch shoulder, and concrete inverted arch of the arch support 400, which can reflect the overall load-bearing state of the structure, allowing managers to fully grasp the macroscopic changes in roadway stress.

[0067] Understandably, the targeted deployment of various sensors forms a monitoring network from local to overall. The stress conditions of reinforcement components 100, such as corner anchors 120, bottom corner pipe piles 130, and bottom plate anchor cables 140, are closely related to the overall load-bearing status of cast structures 200, such as arch supports 400 and concrete inverted bottom arches. When local components exhibit abnormal stress, the overall monitoring data can be combined to determine whether there is a chain reaction, providing multi-dimensional evidence for analyzing structural stability and avoiding the limitations of single monitoring.

[0068] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for reinforcing the base of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones, characterized in that, include: Reinforcement components, cast-in-place structures, and monitoring components; The reinforcement components are arranged at the corners where the roadway floor and the sidewalls meet the floor; The cast-in-place structure is laid on the surface of the tunnel floor, wraps the reinforcement components, and combines with the surrounding rock of the floor to form an integral whole; The monitoring component is embedded in the stress-bearing parts of the reinforcement component and the stress concentration areas of the cast structure.

2. The device for reinforcing the fractured and weak surrounding rock floor in deep fault zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcement components include a base plate grouting unit, corner anchor bolts, corner pipe piles, and base plate anchor cables; The bottom grouting unit uses 4-point steel grouting pipes, which are vertically arranged along the bottom of the roadway. The 4-point steel grouting pipes have a hole depth of 4m, a row spacing of 2m, and 2 pipes in each row. The 4-point steel grouting pipes are anchored inside the surrounding rock of the bottom slab.

3. The deep fault zone fractured and weak surrounding rock reinforcement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corner anchor is located at the corner where the roadway sidewall and the floor slab meet. The corner anchor is inclined at an angle of 30±5° to the floor slab. One end of the corner anchor is anchored to the surrounding rock of the sidewall, and the other end extends to the surface of the floor slab. The surface of the corner anchor is provided with a threaded structure, and the end is equipped with a fastening component.

4. The deep fault zone fractured and weak surrounding rock reinforcement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corner pipe pile is a perforated pipe structure, located at the corner where the bottom slab connects to the side walls. It is arranged by drilling along the bottom slab of the tunnel and at a 45° angle to the bottom slab. One end of the corner pipe pile is anchored to the surrounding rock at the corner, and the other end is exposed on the surface of the bottom slab. The corner pipe pile also serves as a grouting channel. Grout outlet holes are opened on the outer side of the corner pipe pile and are arranged in a cross shape. The gap between the corner pipe pile and the drill hole is filled with sealing material.

5. The device for reinforcing the base of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom plate anchor cables are evenly distributed along the cross-section of the roadway. One end of the bottom plate anchor cable is anchored to the surrounding rock deep in the bottom plate, and the other end extends to the surface of the bottom plate and is equipped with a lock and a tray. The bottom plate anchor cables are connected with the transverse anchor beams to form a combined structure. The anchor beams are laid in an alternating pattern along the direction of the roadway.

6. The device for reinforcing the fractured and weak surrounding rock floor in deep fault zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cast-in-place structure includes a steel mesh and a concrete layer; The steel mesh is laid flat inside the concrete layer, with a 2cm gap between the steel mesh and the upper surface of the concrete layer. The steel mesh is fixed by a wire mesh, and the mesh panels are connected by L-shaped anchor bars.

7. The deep fault zone fractured and weak surrounding rock reinforcement device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The concrete layer covers all the reinforcement components and is bonded to the surrounding rock of the base plate, and reinforcing fibers are added to the concrete layer.

8. The device for reinforcing the base of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring component includes a first mechanical sensor located at the corner anchor bolt. The first mechanical sensor is embedded in the contact area between the corner anchor bolt and the surrounding rock. The first mechanical sensor is used to monitor the stress state and deformation of the anchor bolt.

9. The device for reinforcing the fractured and weak surrounding rock floor in deep fault zones according to claim 2, characterized in that, The monitoring component includes a second mechanical sensor installed at the bottom corner pipe pile and the bottom plate anchor cable. The second mechanical sensor is installed at the junction of the exposed section of the bottom corner pipe pile and the concrete layer, and at the contact point between the anchor cable tray and the concrete layer. The second mechanical sensor is used to monitor the prestress changes of the pipe pile and the anchor cable.

10. The device for reinforcing the base of fractured and weak surrounding rock in deep fault zones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring component includes a third mechanical sensor located at the arch top, arch shoulder, and concrete inverted arch of the arch support. The third mechanical sensor is embedded in the contact area between the support and the concrete or in the stress concentration area inside the concrete. The third mechanical sensor is used to monitor the overall load-bearing state of the structure.

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