Permanent magnet and electromagnetic combined lifting electromagnet

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hoist electromagnet of permanent magnet and electromagnetic combination, including excitation coil, magnetic pole one, magnetic pole two, iron core and non -magnetic protection board, its characterized in that still is equipped with permanent magnet block group, the permanent magnet block group horizontal setting is between magnetic pole one and magnetic pole two, and is located the top of non -magnetic protection board. The utility model discloses hoist electromagnet increased permanent magnet block group, through the common effect of permanent magnet magnetic potential and electromagnetic magnetic potential and suck up the attracted object, can reduce excitation coil current when hoisting and transporting material, reduce the energy consumption that excitation coil generates, strengthen the magnetic force intensity regulation simultaneously, realize the various operations of attracting material and discharging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a lifting electromagnet for hoisting profiles, and in particular a lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components. Background Technology

[0002] The power supply and control equipment supply DC power to the electromagnet, which generates a strong magnetic field inside the electromagnet. This magnetic field, through the magnetic circuit of the housing and the working air gap, generates a strong magnetic force on the object being attracted, thereby lifting the object and achieving the purpose of material handling.

[0003] The attractive force of a conventional lifting electromagnet is generated by the magnetomotive force (ampere-turns) produced by the current in the excitation coil, which creates a magnetic field in the magnetic circuit that attracts magnetic materials. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a conventional electromagnet consists of an excitation coil, magnetic pole one, magnetic pole two, an iron core, and a non-magnetic protective plate. The magnetic circuit consists of the iron core, magnetic pole one, the object being attracted, magnetic pole two, and the air gap between the object being attracted and the magnetic poles. When a direct current is passed through the excitation coil, a circular current is generated, forming a magnetic field in the magnetic circuit, producing an attractive force at the contact points between magnetic poles one and two and the object being attracted. The magnitude of the attractive force is directly proportional to the magnetomotive force (ampere-turns) generated by the coil and inversely proportional to the magnetic reluctance in the magnetic circuit. The product of the current in the coil and the number of turns of the coil, i.e., the ampere-turns, determines the magnitude of the magnetomotive force. However, it has the following shortcomings: 1. Energy consumption problem: Continuous energization causes the coil to heat up and consume energy, accounting for nearly 95% of the total energy consumption of the electromagnet; 2. Adjustment limitations: The magnetic force intensity relies solely on the ampere-turns for adjustment, requiring either increasing the coil cross-sectional area (increasing copper consumption) or increasing the operating current (exacerbating heat loss) to achieve a stronger attractive force. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lifting electromagnet that combines permanent magnet and electromagnetic forces. By using the combined action of permanent magnet magnetomotive force and electromagnetic magnetomotive force, the object being lifted can be attracted. This reduces the excitation coil current to lower energy consumption, while also enhancing the adjustment of magnetic force intensity, thus enabling various operations for material attraction and release.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components, including an excitation coil, a first magnetic pole, a second magnetic pole, an iron core, and a non-magnetic protective plate. The feature is that it also provides a permanent magnet block group, which is horizontally arranged between the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole and located above the non-magnetic protective plate.

[0006] The permanent magnet block assembly is located below the excitation coil, with a gap of 10-20mm between it and the excitation coil.

[0007] The permanent magnet block assembly is composed of axially magnetized N52 neodymium iron boron magnets with a surface remanence ≥1200mT, tested according to GB / T3217-2013.

[0008] The permanent magnet block group provides 50% fixed magnetomotive force, and the excitation coil provides 50% magnetomotive force when hoisting materials. With the number of coil turns remaining unchanged, the excitation current is only 50% of the original excitation current. At the same time, the direction and magnitude of the current in the coil can be changed, which facilitates the electromagnet to contact and detach from the attracted object.

[0009] This utility model of lifting electromagnet adds a permanent magnet block group, which attracts the object by the combined action of permanent magnet magnetomotive force and electromagnetic magnetomotive force. When lifting materials, the current of the excitation coil can be reduced, the energy consumption generated by the excitation coil can be reduced, and the magnetic force intensity adjustment is enhanced to realize various operations of material suction and release. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an existing lifting electromagnet. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the lifting electromagnet of this utility model. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view; In the diagram, 1 is the excitation coil, 2 is the iron core, 31 is the first magnetic pole, 32 is the second magnetic pole, 4 is the permanent magnet block group, 5 is the non-magnetic protection board, and 6 is the junction box. Detailed Implementation

[0011] from Figure 3 and 4 As can be seen, this utility model, while retaining the advantages of traditional electromagnets, adds a permanent magnet block assembly, specifically composed of an excitation coil, magnetic pole one, magnetic pole two, an iron core, a non-magnetic protective plate, and the permanent magnet block assembly. The permanent magnet block assembly is horizontally arranged between magnetic pole one and magnetic pole two, and located above the non-magnetic protective plate. The permanent magnet block assembly is located below the excitation coil, with a gap of 10-20mm between them. The permanent magnet block assembly is composed of axially magnetized N52 neodymium iron boron magnets, with a surface remanence ≥1200mT. According to GB / T 3217-2013, the permanent magnet block assembly provides 50% of the fixed magnetomotive force; the excitation coil provides 50% of the magnetomotive force when energized to attract material.

[0012] The electromagnetic magnetomotive force source of this invention consists of two parts: an electromagnetic coil and a permanent magnet block. The magnitude and direction of the magnetomotive force generated by the permanent magnet block assembly are fixed, while the magnitude and direction of the magnetomotive force generated by the excitation coil can be changed by controlling the magnitude and direction of the excitation current within the coil. When the direction of the electromagnetic magnetomotive force is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnetomotive force, the two magnetomotive forces are connected in parallel, forming a magnetic circuit consisting of the iron core, magnetic pole one, the attracted object, and magnetic pole two, and a magnetic circuit consisting of the permanent magnet block, magnetic pole one, the attracted object, and magnetic pole two. The magnetic fields generated by the two magnetic circuits are superimposed in the attracted object. The excitation coil requires only a small amount of power consumption to generate the magnetomotive force originally generated by the electromagnetic coil together with the energy-efficient permanent magnet block. When the direction of the electromagnetic magnetomotive force is opposite to that of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the permanent magnet magnetomotive force and the electromagnetic magnetomotive force are connected in series, forming an internal closed-loop magnetic circuit consisting of the permanent magnet block, magnetic pole one, iron core, and magnetic pole two. When the electromagnetic magnetomotive force is less than the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the two magnetic poles of the electromagnet generate a weak positive magnetic force on the attracted object. When the electromagnetic magnetomotive force is greater than the permanent magnet magnetomotive force, the two magnetic poles of the electromagnet generate a weak reverse magnetic force on the attracted object, which can instantly achieve a reverse demagnetization effect. When the two magnetomotive forces are equal, the electromagnet has an internal magnetic short circuit and does not exhibit magnetic force externally.

[0013] Before the electromagnet starts attracting material, the excitation coil is controlled to short-circuit the internal magnets of the electromagnet, preventing it from exhibiting magnetism towards the object being attracted, thus facilitating the placement of the electromagnet in the lifting position. Then, the excitation coil is forward-energized, and the electromagnet attracts the object through the combined action of the permanent magnet magnetomotive force and the electromagnetic magnetomotive force. When it's time to release the material, the excitation coil is reverse-energized, with the electromagnetic magnetomotive force slightly greater than the permanent magnet magnetomotive force. This generates a momentary reverse magnetic force that eliminates residual magnetism, separating the electromagnet from the object. Because the permanent magnet magnetomotive force consumes no energy, and the excitation coil offers flexible excitation control, various material attraction and release operations can be achieved while saving energy.

[0014] This utility model applies to some parameters of slab hoisting: Electromagnet: 1320 (length) × 600 (width) × 1350 (height including chain) Object to be sucked: Slab 1200 (width) × 3000 (length) × 150 (thickness), weight 4.2T Permanent magnet section Permanent magnet blocks: N52 50×50×25, divided into 15 groups, 16 blocks per group, for a total of 240 blocks.

[0015] Permanent magnet reference attraction force: 25kN±5% (GB / T 20652-2006 standard); Electromagnetic part When the electromagnetic excitation current is 16A (a 50% reduction compared to the traditional 32A), the combined effect of the permanent magnet and electromagnetic field achieves a working suction force of 50kN; according to P=I 2 *R, energy consumption is 25% of the original.

[0016] Thermal stability: Temperature rise ΔT ≤ 35K after 4 hours of continuous operation (IEC 60589 test conditions).

[0017] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The descriptions in the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components, comprising an excitation coil, a first magnetic pole, a second magnetic pole, an iron core, and a non-magnetic protective plate, characterized in that... It also includes a permanent magnet block group, which is horizontally arranged between magnetic pole one and magnetic pole two, and located above the non-magnetic protection plate.

2. A lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components according to claim 1, characterized in that... The permanent magnet block assembly is located below the excitation coil, and the gap between it and the excitation coil is 10-20mm.

3. A lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet block assembly is composed of axially magnetized N52 neodymium iron boron magnets with a surface remanence of ≥1200mT.

4. A lifting electromagnet combining permanent magnet and electromagnetic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the material is attracted, the permanent magnet block group provides 50% of the fixed magnetomotive force, and the excitation coil provides 50% of the magnetomotive force. By changing the direction and magnitude of the current in the excitation coil, the magnetic force can be adjusted and the material can be attracted or discharged.

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