Water conservancy comprehensive water delivery and sediment discharge structure
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
AI Technical Summary
目前，常见的无坝引水与闸堰引水虽然均会在渠首设置取水防沙排沙工程，并且用于连接引水灌溉工程的渠道还允许一定的含沙量（一般认为粗颗粒泥沙容易淤积渠道，不可用于引水灌溉，而细颗粒泥沙则可改良土壤，有益于引水灌溉），但现有取水防沙排沙工程中需设置进水涵洞或溢流低堰，并且所采用的矩形沉砂池、曲线形沉砂池或沉沙条渠均投资成本高，排沙效果不一，另外渠道内仍然存在输水排沙问题，致使无法保证渠道末端能够直接连接引水灌溉工程
[0012] The advantages of this invention lie in its simple layout and low construction cost. By installing sand-discharging vortex pipes and sand-discharging pools within the water conveyance channel, a multi-stage sand-discharging structure is formed from front to back. The sand-discharging vortex pipes cause the water flow at the bottom of the water conveyance channel to flow out in a vortex shape, thereby carrying away coarse silt from the bottom of the channel. Then, the water flows into the sand-discharging pool under the obstruction of the flow-regulating pier wall, and forms a vortex under the action of the conical funnel-shaped base and the sloping water-diverting sidewall. This vortex then discharges the finer silt from the bottom of the water flow into the sand-discharging corridor through the bottom sand-discharging hole. Meanwhile, the clear upper layer of water flows out again towards the rear of the water conveyance channel under the action of the vortex, greatly improving the sand-discharging effect and efficiency, and ensuring that the water quality flowing out of the water conveyance channel meets the standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN224620540U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure for water conservancy projects that can efficiently discharge sediment. Background Technology
[0002] Water conservancy projects often involve the construction of outward-flowing water conveyance channels, which, while ensuring water quality, can be directly connected to irrigation projects. Currently, common damless and sluice gate water diversion projects both include water intake, sand control, and sediment flushing works at the head of the channel, and the channels used to connect to irrigation projects are allowed a certain amount of sediment (it is generally believed that coarse-grained sediment tends to silt up channels and is unsuitable for irrigation, while fine-grained sediment can improve the soil and is beneficial for irrigation). However, existing water intake, sand control, and sediment flushing projects require the construction of inlet culverts or overflow weirs, and the rectangular sedimentation basins, curved sedimentation basins, or sedimentation channels used are all costly to build and have inconsistent sediment flushing effects. In addition, water conveyance and sediment flushing problems still exist within the channels, making it impossible to guarantee that the end of the channel can be directly connected to the irrigation project. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure for water conservancy projects.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention can adopt the following technical solution:
[0005] The integrated water conveyance and sediment discharge structure for water conservancy projects described in this utility model includes a water conveyance channel and a control gate installed at the front end of the water conveyance channel. A sediment discharge vortex pipe is obliquely embedded in the bottom wall surface of the water conveyance channel, with one end extending outside the channel. A strip-shaped sediment discharge port with a lower front edge and a higher rear edge is opened on the upper surface of the sediment discharge vortex pipe located inside the channel. A sediment discharge pool is connected to one side of the water conveyance channel behind the sediment discharge vortex pipe. The system consists of a sunken chassis installed adjacent to the water conveyance channel and a water intake sidewall surrounding the chassis. The chassis has a conical funnel structure with its upper edge flush with the bottom wall of the water conveyance channel. The water intake sidewall has a sloping structure with its bottom connected to the upper edge of the chassis. A sand discharge bottom hole is provided at the center of the chassis, and a sand discharge corridor extending outward is connected to the sand discharge bottom hole. A flow regulating pier wall for guiding water into the sand discharge pool is provided on the side wall of the water conveyance channel opposite to the sand discharge pool.
[0006] Furthermore, the axial direction of the sand discharge vortex pipe is at a 45° angle to the water flow direction in the water conveyance channel, which facilitates the formation of vortices in the sand discharge vortex pipe and thus better guides out the coarse silt from the bottom of the water conveyance channel.
[0007] Furthermore, for ease of material sourcing, the sand-discharging vortex pipe is a steel pipe with a diameter of 0.5m, and the end of the sand-discharging vortex pipe furthest from the water conveyance channel is connected to the sand-discharging corridor.
[0008] Furthermore, in order to allow the coarse sediment at the bottom of the water conveyance channel to flow into the sand discharge vortex pipe as much as possible, the rear edge of the strip-shaped sand discharge outlet has a slope structure that slopes downward from front to back, with a slope ratio of 1:4.
[0009] Furthermore, depending on the specific water quality standards required, multiple sediment flushing ponds can be arranged at reasonable intervals along the length of the water conveyance channel. Increasing the number of sediment flushing ponds can improve the quality of the water flowing out of the water conveyance channel.
[0010] Furthermore, the cross slope ratio i2 of the chassis is 1:10, and the diameter at its upper edge is 5 times the width of the water conveyance channel; the slope ratio i3 of the water intake sidewall is 1:1.5; and the diameter of the sand discharge bottom hole is 50cm.
[0011] Furthermore, a 3mm thick polyurea coating can be sprayed onto the inner wall of the sand discharge vortex pipe, the upper surface of the chassis, and the upper surface of the water intake sidewall. This coating can prevent high-speed water flow from eroding and also has an antifreeze effect.
[0012] The advantages of this invention lie in its simple layout and low construction cost. By installing sand-discharging vortex pipes and sand-discharging pools within the water conveyance channel, a multi-stage sand-discharging structure is formed from front to back. The sand-discharging vortex pipes cause the water flow at the bottom of the water conveyance channel to flow out in a vortex shape, thereby carrying away coarse silt from the bottom of the channel. Then, the water flows into the sand-discharging pool under the obstruction of the flow-regulating pier wall, and forms a vortex under the action of the conical funnel-shaped base and the sloping water-diverting sidewall. This vortex then discharges the finer silt from the bottom of the water flow into the sand-discharging corridor through the bottom sand-discharging hole. Meanwhile, the clear upper layer of water flows out again towards the rear of the water conveyance channel under the action of the vortex, greatly improving the sand-discharging effect and efficiency, and ensuring that the water quality flowing out of the water conveyance channel meets the standards. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along the AA direction.
[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0017] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the integrated water conveyance and sediment discharge structure for water conservancy projects described in this utility model includes a water conveyance channel 1. The front end (i.e., the inlet end) of the water conveyance channel 1 can be connected to a reservoir or river for diverting water from the reservoir or river outwards, or for direct irrigation. For ease of maintenance, a control gate 2 should be installed at the front end of the water conveyance channel 1. By controlling the closure of the control gate 2, water will no longer enter the front end of the water conveyance channel 1, thus ensuring that personnel can enter the water conveyance channel 1 for maintenance. The water flow rate within the water conveyance channel 1 can also be adjusted by controlling the opening size of the control gate 2.
[0018] To enable efficient sand removal from the water conveyance channel 1, two sand removal measures are installed within it. The first sand removal measure involves installing a sand removal vortex pipe 3 on the bottom wall of the water conveyance channel 1 near the control gate 2. The sand removal vortex pipe 3 is obliquely embedded in the bottom wall surface of the water conveyance channel 1, with one end extending outside the water conveyance channel 1. A strip-shaped sand removal port 4 with a low front edge and a high rear edge is opened on the upper surface of the sand removal vortex pipe 3 located inside the water conveyance channel 1. Specifically, the sand-discharging vortex pipe 3 can be made of steel pipe with a diameter of 0.5m, which is convenient for material sourcing; at the same time, the axial direction of the sand-discharging vortex pipe 3 should form a 45° angle with the water flow direction in the water conveyance channel 1, and the outward-extending end of the sand-discharging vortex pipe 3 should be located on the side of the water conveyance channel 1 away from the control gate 2, so that the water flowing into the sand-discharging vortex pipe 3 through the strip-shaped sand discharge port 4 can form a vortex and flow out towards the end away from the water conveyance channel 1; in addition, in order to ensure that the coarse silt at the bottom of the water conveyance channel 1 can be discharged as much as possible... The water can flow into the sand discharge vortex pipe 3. The rear edge of the strip-shaped sand discharge port 4 is a slope structure that slopes downward from front to back, with a slope ratio of 1:4. This ensures that the upper layer of water flowing through the strip-shaped sand discharge port 4 in the water conveyance channel 1 can pass normally, while the bottom layer of water is blocked by the rear edge of the strip-shaped sand discharge port 4, carrying coarse sand into the sand discharge vortex pipe 3. The sand is then discharged outward in a vortex state with a high circumferential velocity, thereby efficiently guiding the coarse sand at the bottom of the water conveyance channel 1.
[0019] The second sand removal measure is to set up a sand removal pool connected to the water conveyance channel 1 behind the sand removal vortex pipe 3. Multiple sets of the second sand removal measures can be reasonably arranged along the length of the water conveyance channel 1 according to the specific water quality requirements. That is, multiple sand removal pools are arranged at intervals. By increasing the arrangement of sand removal pools, the sand filtration effect is improved, thereby improving the quality of the water flowing out of the water conveyance channel 1. Specifically, the sedimentation tank consists of a sunken chassis 5 located adjacent to the water conveyance channel 1, and a water intake wall 6 surrounding the chassis 5. Both the chassis 5 and the water intake wall 6 can be constructed of reinforced concrete. The chassis 5 has a conical funnel structure with a cross slope ratio i2 of 1:10, and its upper edge is flush with the bottom wall of the water conveyance channel 1. The diameter of its upper edge is five times the width of the water conveyance channel 1. The water intake wall 6 has a sloping structure with a slope ratio i3 of 1:1.5. The bottom of the slope of the water intake wall 6 should be connected and fixed to the upper edge of the chassis 5, and the water intake wall 6 should be connected to the bottom wall of the chassis 5. The height of wall 6 should be consistent with the height of water conveyance channel 1; a sand discharge bottom hole 7 is set at the center of the base 5. The diameter of the sand discharge bottom hole 7 is 50cm. A sand discharge corridor 8 extending outward is connected to it. The sand discharge corridor 8 is made of steel pipe with a diameter of 1.5m. The end of the sand discharge vortex pipe 3 away from the water conveyance channel 1 is connected to the sand discharge corridor 8; in addition, an opening and closing gate 10 can be set at the end of the sand discharge corridor 8, so that the sand discharge corridor 8 can be kept open during the turbid water period for continuous sand discharge, and the sand discharge corridor 8 can be opened and closed periodically during the clear water period for intermittent sand discharge.
[0020] In order to guide the water flow in the water conveyance channel 1 to the deslagging pool, a flow regulating wall 9 is also installed on the side wall of the water conveyance channel 1 opposite to the deslagging pool. The flow regulating wall 9 has a sloping structure with the middle close to the deslagging pool and the left and right sides far away from the deslagging pool. At this time, the water flow in the water conveyance channel 1 flows into the deslagging pool under the obstruction of the flow regulating wall 9, and forms a vortex under the action of the conical funnel structure base 5 and the sloping water intake side wall 6. Then, the water flow at the bottom of the base 5, which is close to the base 5, carries finer particles of silt and flows into the deslagging gallery 8 from the deslagging bottom hole 7, while the clear upper water flows out again to the rear of the water conveyance channel 1 under the action of the vortex.
[0021] Furthermore, to prevent the high-speed water flow from eroding and abrading the first sand discharge vortex pipe 3 and the second sand discharge pool, a 3mm thick polyurea coating can be sprayed on the inner wall of the sand discharge vortex pipe 3, the upper surface of the chassis 5, and the upper surface of the water intake sidewall 6. The polyurea coating also has an antifreeze function.
[0022] The layout of the integrated water conveyance and sediment removal structure of the entire water conservancy project is simpler, eliminating the need for inlet culverts and overflow weirs, as well as rectangular sedimentation basins, curved sedimentation basins, or sedimentation channels. This greatly reduces construction costs and significantly improves sediment removal effect and efficiency. It can be directly connected to the water diversion and irrigation project, ensuring that the water quality flowing out of the water conveyance channel 1 meets the standard requirements of the water diversion and irrigation project.
[0023] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.
Claims
1. A comprehensive water delivery and sediment discharge structure for hydraulic engineering, comprising a water delivery channel and a regulating gate arranged at the front end of the water delivery channel; characterized in that: A sand-discharging vortex pipe is obliquely embedded on the bottom wall surface of the water conveyance channel. One end of the sand-discharging vortex pipe extends outside the water conveyance channel. A strip-shaped sand-discharging outlet with a lower front edge and a higher rear edge is opened on the upper surface of the sand-discharging vortex pipe located inside the water conveyance channel. A sand-discharging pool is connected to one side of the water conveyance channel behind the sand-discharging vortex pipe. The sand-discharging pool consists of a sunken base set close to the water conveyance channel and a water-diverting side wall surrounding the outer perimeter of the base. The base has a conical funnel structure, with its upper edge flush with the bottom wall of the water conveyance channel. The water-diverting side wall has a sloping structure, with its bottom connecting to the upper edge of the base. A sand-discharging bottom hole is set at the center of the base, and a sand-discharging corridor extending outward is connected to the sand-discharging bottom hole. A flow-regulating pier wall for guiding water into the sand-discharging pool is set on the side wall of the water conveyance channel opposite to the sand-discharging pool.
2. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial direction of the sand-discharging vortex pipe is at a 45° angle to the direction of water flow in the water conveyance channel.
3. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the sand-discharging vortex pipe furthest from the water conveyance channel is connected to the sand-discharging corridor.
4. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand-discharging vortex tube is a steel pipe with a diameter of 0.5m.
5. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear edge of the strip-shaped sand discharge outlet has a slope structure that slopes downward from front to back, with a slope ratio of i1 of 1:
4.
6. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sand-draining pools are arranged at intervals along the length of the water conveyance channel.
7. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis has a cross slope ratio i2 of 1:10, and its diameter at the upper edge is 5 times the width of the water conveyance channel.
8. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope ratio of the water diversion sidewall is i3, which is 1:1.
5.
9. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the bottom hole for sand discharge is 50cm.
10. The comprehensive water conveyance and sediment discharge structure of hydraulic engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sand discharge vortex pipe, the upper surface of the chassis, and the upper surface of the water intake sidewall are all coated with a 3mm thick polyurea coating.