parabolic antenna

Abstract

The application provides a parabolic antenna. The parabolic antenna comprises a feed source assembly, a support rod and a parabolic reflector. The feed source assembly comprises a feed source cover and a PCB oscillator arranged in the feed source cover. The two ends of the support rod are connected to the focal point of the parabolic reflector and the feed source cover respectively. The feed source cover comprises a first sub-cover and a second sub-cover which are connected to each other. The first sub-cover is farther away from the support rod than the second sub-cover. In the direction towards the support rod, the first sub-cover is in a cylindrical shape with a diameter which is first tapered and then expanded. The second sub-cover is in a cylindrical shape or in a cylindrical shape with a diameter which is expanded by less than or equal to 5%. The shape of the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover changes abruptly. The parabolic antenna has a simple structure, a small number of parts, a low cost, high electrical performance and high environmental reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna communication technology, and in particular to a parabolic antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave antennas are an important radio technology with a very broad development prospect. With the development of science and technology, the applications of microwave antennas are becoming increasingly widespread. In the field of communications, microwave antennas can achieve high-speed data transmission and are an important component of modern mobile communication networks. Traditional dual-polarized microwave parabolic antennas currently use a feed + OMT + waveguide method to receive and transmit signals, which involves a large number of materials, numerous installation steps, and high costs.

[0003] It is important to note that the techniques described in this section are not necessarily those previously conceived or adopted. Unless otherwise specified, no technique described in this section should be assumed to be prior art simply because it is included in this section. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, the issues mentioned in this section should not be considered to be recognized in any prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a parabolic antenna, which aims to solve the technical problems of traditional dual-polarized microwave parabolic antennas, such as large number of materials, many installation steps, and high cost.

[0005] This application provides a parabolic antenna, the parabolic antenna comprising:

[0006] A feed assembly includes a feed cover and a PCB vibrator disposed inside the feed cover. One end of the PCB vibrator is connected to one end of the feed cover, and the other end of the PCB vibrator is spaced apart from the other end of the feed cover.

[0007] The support rod has one end connected to the feed cover and the other end connected to the PCB oscillator; and

[0008] A parabolic reflector, wherein the end of the support rod away from the feed cover is connected to the focal point of the parabolic reflector;

[0009] The feed cover includes a first sub-cover and a second sub-cover that are connected to each other. The first sub-cover is further away from the support rod than the second sub-cover. In the direction toward the support rod, the first sub-cover is a cylindrical shape with a diameter that first gradually narrows and then gradually expands. The second sub-cover is a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape with a diameter expansion of less than or equal to 5%. The shape of the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is abrupt.

[0010] Optionally, the variation range of the tapered portion of the first sub-cover is smaller than the variation range of the expanded portion of the first sub-cover.

[0011] Optionally, the axial length of the tapered portion of the first sub-cover is less than the axial length of the expanding portion of the first sub-cover.

[0012] Optionally, the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is located near the middle of the PCB oscillator.

[0013] Optionally, the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is located between the middle of the PCB oscillator and the end of the PCB oscillator away from the support rod.

[0014] Optionally, the axial length of the first sub-cover is greater than the axial length of the second sub-cover.

[0015] Optionally, the PCB oscillator includes an oscillator surface, two cross-shaped balun plates, and an oscillator base connected in sequence. The balun plates are provided with a power supply structure that connects to the oscillator base. The side of the oscillator base away from the balun plates is connected to the side of the feed cover near the support rod.

[0016] Optionally, the support rod has an axially extending channel inside, which connects to the inner cavity of the feed cover. The parabolic antenna includes a cable, one end of which passes through the channel and is connected to the PCB vibrator. The cable is used to transmit signals.

[0017] Optionally, the support rod includes a rod portion and a base portion connected to each other, the end of the rod portion away from the base portion is connected to the feed cover, a mounting hole is provided at the focal point of the parabolic reflector, and the parabolic antenna includes a mounting base, which is detachably connected to the mounting hole and the base portion.

[0018] In the parabolic antenna of this application, the feed component adopts a PCB vibrator, which has many advantages compared with the traditional dual-polarized microwave parabolic antenna. (1) The structure is simplified, the structure and function are integrated, multiple mechanical fasteners are eliminated, and the assembly is simple. (2) The number of parts is sharply reduced, the complexity of the supply chain is reduced exponentially, the storage area is reduced, the production line failure rate is reduced, and the quality control dimension is reduced. (3) The simulation cycle of R&D costs is shortened, the on-site fault repair time is reduced, and the response speed of design changes is improved.

[0019] In the parabolic antenna of this application, the special design of the feed radome shape can achieve a balance between electromagnetic performance, mechanical constraints, and cost control. (1) The design of the gradual curvature of the first sub-radome can improve the rigidity of the feed radome and avoid deformation due to excessive thinness; (2) The continuous smooth surface of the first sub-radome can reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and scattering; (3) The abrupt change in shape at the edge of the horn opening (i.e., the connection between the first and second sub-radomes) can disperse diffraction energy to non-main lobe directions and reduce sidelobe levels. As a result, the parabolic antenna of this application has high electrical performance and environmental reliability.

[0020] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or important features of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings exemplify embodiments and form part of the specification, working together with the textual description to explain exemplary implementations of the embodiments. The drawings shown are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the claims. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals refer to similar but not necessarily identical elements.

[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional embodiment of the parabolic antenna of this application Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The three-dimensional embodiment shown Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Exploded view of the embodiment shown;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the illustrated embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the PCB oscillator in the embodiment shown.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028]

[0029] Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the inventive objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The term "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described feature, whole, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or sets thereof. The term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may include three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art; the terms used in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and foregoing description of the drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0034] Furthermore, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," and "optional" are used to indicate illustrative purposes. Any technical solution described by the above terms in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other technical solutions. Specifically, these terms are intended to present the relevant technical concepts in terms of specific implementation methods.

[0035] This application proposes a parabolic antenna. A parabolic antenna is a high-gain antenna that utilizes a parabolic reflector to achieve directional transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves, and is a core device in modern wireless communication, radar, and radio astronomy. The parabolic antenna of this application includes a feed assembly, a support rod, and a parabolic reflector. The feed assembly includes a feed cover and a PCB vibrator disposed within the feed cover. One end of the PCB vibrator is connected to one end of the feed cover, and the other end of the PCB vibrator is spaced apart from the other end of the feed cover. One end of the support rod is connected to the end of the feed cover that connects to the PCB vibrator, and the end of the support rod furthest from the feed assembly is connected to the focal point of the parabolic reflector. The feed cover includes a first sub-cover and a second sub-cover connected to each other. The first sub-cover is further away from the support rod than the second sub-cover. In the direction towards the support rod, the first sub-cover is cylindrical with a diameter that gradually narrows and then widens, while the second sub-cover is cylindrical or has a diameter increase of less than or equal to 5%. The shape of the connection between the first and second sub-covers is abrupt.

[0036] In the parabolic antenna of this application, the feed component adopts a PCB vibrator, which has many advantages compared with the traditional dual-polarized microwave parabolic antenna. (1) The structure is simplified, the structure and function are integrated, multiple mechanical fasteners are eliminated, and the assembly is simple. (2) The number of parts is sharply reduced, the complexity of the supply chain is reduced exponentially, the storage area is reduced, the failure rate of the production line is reduced, and the quality control dimension is reduced. (3) The simulation cycle of R&D costs is shortened, the on-site fault repair time is reduced, and the response speed of design changes is improved. The special design of the feed cover shape can achieve a balance between electromagnetic performance, mechanical constraints, and cost control. (1) The design of the gradual curvature of the first sub-cover can improve the rigidity of the feed cover and avoid deformation due to excessive thinness; (2) The continuous smooth surface of the first sub-cover can reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and scattering; (3) The abrupt change in shape of the horn opening edge (that is, the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover) can disperse the diffraction energy to the non-main lobe direction and reduce the sidelobe level. As a result, the parabolic antenna of this application has high electrical performance and environmental reliability.

[0037] The following is a detailed description of the parabolic antenna of this application.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 5 The parabolic antenna 100 of this application includes a feed assembly, which comprises a feed radome 110 and a PCB element 120. The feed radome 110 protects the PCB element 120 from environmental damage (dust, rain, snow, birds, wind, etc.). The feed radome 110 is made of a material that is highly transparent to the operating electromagnetic waves to ensure that it provides protection while having almost no impact on the antenna's electromagnetic performance. The shape design of the feed radome 110 is a key engineering consideration, requiring it to simultaneously meet requirements for electromagnetic performance, environmental protection, structural strength, aerodynamics, and manufacturing processes.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The feed cover 110 includes a first sub-cover 111 and a second sub-cover 112 that are connected to each other. The first sub-cover 111 is further away from the support rod 130 than the second sub-cover 112 (described in detail below), and the axial length of the first sub-cover 111 is greater than the axial length of the second sub-cover 112. The first sub-cover 111 and the second sub-cover 112 can be integrally formed.

[0040] Please see Figure 4 The first sub-cover 111 is shaped like a horn (but distinct from a horn shape). In the direction towards the support rod 130, the first sub-cover 111 is a cylindrical shape with a diameter that first tapers and then expands. The rate of change of the tapering portion 113 of the first sub-cover 111 is less than the rate of change of the expanding portion 114, and the axial length of the tapering portion 113 is less than the axial length of the expanding portion 114. The design of the tapered curvature of the first sub-cover 111 improves the rigidity of the feed cover 110, preventing deformation due to excessive thinness; the continuous smooth surface of the first sub-cover 111 reduces electromagnetic wave reflection and scattering. The second sub-cover 112 is cylindrical or has a diameter expansion rate of less than or equal to 5%; in other words, the second sub-cover 112 is a cylindrical shape with a basically uniform diameter. The abrupt change in shape at the connection between the first sub-cover 111 and the second sub-cover 112, i.e., the abrupt change in the shape of the horn opening edge, disperses diffraction energy to non-main lobe directions, reducing sidelobe levels. The connection between the first sub-radome 111 and the second sub-radome 112 is close to the middle of the PCB vibrator 120, and the connection between the first sub-radome 111 and the second sub-radome 112 is located between the middle of the PCB vibrator 120 and the end of the PCB vibrator 120 away from the support rod 130. Through these arrangements, the parabolic antenna 100 of this application exhibits high electrical performance and environmental reliability.

[0041] The PCB oscillator 120 is the core radiation / receiver unit of the feed assembly. The PCB oscillator 120 converts high-frequency current guided from transmission lines (such as microstrip lines or coaxial lines) into electromagnetic waves radiated into space (transmission mode); or converts electromagnetic waves received in space into high-frequency current transmitted in the transmission line (reception mode). The PCB oscillator 120 achieves good impedance matching between the oscillator and the transmission line, minimizing signal reflection loss. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3 to 5The PCB oscillator 120 includes an oscillator surface 121, two cross-shaped balun plates 122, and an oscillator base 123 connected in sequence. The balun plates 122 have a feed structure 124 connecting to the oscillator base 123. The side of the oscillator base 123 away from the balun plates 122 is connected to one end of the feed cover 110 and the supporting rod 130. Other structures of the PCB oscillator 120 are spaced apart from the feed cover 110, thus ensuring the normal functioning of the PCB oscillator 120. The oscillator surface 121, balun plates 122, and oscillator base 123 can be soldered sequentially. The oscillator base and the feed cover 110 can also be soldered together.

[0042] Please see Figure 5 The oscillator surface 121 includes a radiating substrate 125 and multiple radiating plates 126. The multiple radiating plates 126 are located on the side of the radiating substrate 125 away from the oscillator base 123, and are arranged circumferentially along the radiating substrate 125. The radiating substrate 125 is the central hub for high-frequency electromagnetic energy distribution, controlling energy flow through dielectric properties and a three-dimensional structure. The multiple radiating plates 126 are atomic units for spatial beamforming, working in conjunction with the radiating substrate 125 to: overcome the physical limitations of single antennas (bandwidth / gain / efficiency), enable intelligent electromagnetic topologies (reconfigurable / adaptive beamforming), and solve the three major bottlenecks of high transmission loss, difficult thermal management, and size sensitivity in millimeter-wave transmission, providing core hardware support for 5G / 6G and satellite communications. The balun plate 122 is a core functional module in the antenna system for achieving balanced-to-unbalanced conversion, impedance matching, and common-mode rejection, directly affecting radiation efficiency and beam accuracy, especially in millimeter-wave phased array design. The oscillator base 123 plays a crucial role in the antenna system, integrating structural support, electromagnetic control, and environmental adaptation. In particular, it directly affects radiation performance and system reliability in millimeter-wave high-frequency band design.

[0043] In the parabolic antenna 100 of this application, the feed component adopts a PCB vibrator 120, which has many advantages compared with the traditional dual-polarized microwave parabolic antenna 100. (1) The structure is simplified, the structure and function are integrated, multiple mechanical fasteners are eliminated, and the assembly is simple. (2) The number of parts is sharply reduced, the complexity of the supply chain is reduced exponentially, the storage area is reduced, the production line failure rate is reduced, and the quality control dimension is reduced. (3) The simulation cycle of R&D costs is shortened, the on-site fault repair time is reduced, and the response speed of design changes is improved.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 4The parabolic antenna 100 of this application includes a support rod 130. One end of the support rod 130 is connected to a feed shroud 110 (specifically, a second sub-shroud 112) and then to one end of a PCB element 120. The support rod 130 provides stable support for the feed assembly. An axially extending channel is formed inside the support rod 130, connecting to the inner cavity of the feed shroud 110. The parabolic antenna 100 includes a cable (not shown), one end of which passes through the channel and connects to the PCB element 120. The cable is used to transmit signals. Thus, the PCB element 120 can transmit and receive signals via the cable.

[0045] Please refer to 1 to Figure 3 The parabolic antenna 100 of this application includes a parabolic reflector 140, with one end of a support rod 130 away from the feed hood 110 connected to the focal point of the parabolic reflector 140. The parabolic reflector 140 is one of the core components of the antenna system. It comprises a parabola, the geometric characteristics of which enable the directional focusing or emission of electromagnetic waves. The parabola is typically made of metal (aluminum and aluminum alloys are most common) or a metal coating (such as aluminum / copper plating on fiberglass). The focal point is the point where energy converges or bursts forth; the distance from any point on the parabola to the focal point is equal to its distance to the directrix. Electromagnetic waves from the far field (approximately plane waves) and parallel to the axis of the parabola, after reflection by the parabola, have equal optical path lengths along all paths, ultimately converging precisely at the focal point. Therefore, placing the feed assembly at the focal point allows for efficient collection and conversion of electromagnetic energy into electrical signals.

[0046] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The support rod 130 includes a rod portion 131 and a base portion 132 connected to each other. The end of the rod portion 131 away from the base portion 132 is connected to the feed cover 110. A mounting hole 141 is provided at the focal point of the parabolic reflector 140. The parabolic antenna 100 includes a mounting base 150, which is detachably connected to the mounting hole 141 and the base portion 132. Therefore, the connection between the feed cover 110, the support rod 130, and the parabolic reflector 140 is stable. The aforementioned detachable connection can be welded or screwed. Specifically, please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the mounting base 150, and the wall of the connecting hole extends toward the feed assembly to form a connecting cylinder 151. The connecting cylinder 151 is sleeved in the mounting hole 141, and the seat portion 132 is sleeved in the connecting cylinder 151. The mounting base 150 is welded to the side of the parabolic reflector 140 away from the feed assembly.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A parabolic antenna, characterized in that, The parabolic antenna includes: A feed assembly includes a feed cover and a PCB vibrator disposed inside the feed cover. One end of the PCB vibrator is connected to one end of the feed cover, and the other end of the PCB vibrator is spaced apart from the other end of the feed cover. The support rod has one end connected to the feed cover and the other end connected to the PCB oscillator; and A parabolic reflector, wherein the end of the support rod away from the feed cover is connected to the focal point of the parabolic reflector; The feed cover includes a first sub-cover and a second sub-cover that are connected to each other. The first sub-cover is further away from the support rod than the second sub-cover. In the direction toward the support rod, the first sub-cover is a cylindrical shape with a diameter that first gradually narrows and then gradually expands. The second sub-cover is a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape with a diameter expansion of less than or equal to 5%. The shape of the connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is abrupt.

2. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variation range of the tapered portion of the first sub-cover is smaller than the variation range of the expanded portion of the first sub-cover.

3. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial length of the tapered portion of the first sub-cover is less than the axial length of the expanding portion of the first sub-cover.

4. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is near the middle of the PCB oscillator.

5. The parabolic antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connection between the first sub-cover and the second sub-cover is located between the middle of the PCB oscillator and the end of the PCB oscillator away from the support rod.

6. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial length of the first sub-cover is greater than the axial length of the second sub-cover.

7. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB oscillator includes an oscillator surface, two cross-shaped balun plates, and an oscillator base connected in sequence. The balun plates are provided with a power supply structure that connects to the oscillator base. The side of the oscillator base away from the balun plates is connected to the power supply cover.

8. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod has an axially extending channel inside it, which connects to the inner cavity of the feed shroud. The parabolic antenna includes: A cable, one end of which passes through the channel and is connected to the PCB vibrator, is used to transmit signals.

9. The parabolic antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support rod includes a rod portion and a base portion connected to each other. The end of the rod portion away from the base portion is connected to the feed cover. A mounting hole is provided at the focal point of the parabolic reflector. The parabolic antenna includes: The mounting base is detachably connected to the mounting hole and the base portion.

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