Steam catapult

Abstract

This utility model relates to a steam catapult device, including a deck, a catapult track disposed on the deck, and a shuttle that can slide along the catapult track. A cylinder assembly is disposed below the deck, and a wire rope transmission assembly for driving the shuttle is provided between the cylinder assembly and the catapult track. A front plug sealing structure and a rear plug buffer structure are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder assembly. The wire rope transmission assembly is in sliding fit with the front plug sealing structure and the rear plug buffer structure. This utility model has a simple structure and ingenious design, which helps to solve the problems of energy leakage, sealing failure, poor adjustability, and braking loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a steam catapult device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, such as Figure 16 As shown, the steam catapult on an aircraft carrier has a slot at the top of the cylinder. A nine-shaped steel bar on the top of the piston extends from the slot and connects to the sliding shuttle. It is sealed by a spring strip. The cylinder is symmetrical. Steam enters the cylinder and pushes the piston to move. The nine-shaped steel bar at the top slides forward like a zipper. In this way, steam will still come out of the slot, and a complete seal cannot be achieved. After several uses, the sealing spring strip will deform and cannot close properly. Therefore, it is common to see workers disassembling the speed controller for maintenance.

[0003] The traditional steam catapults of this type of aircraft carrier have the following technical defects: (1) The slotted top of the cylinder leads to serious steam leakage, and the energy utilization rate is less than 65%, which is low; (2) The spring seals inside the device are prone to failure under high temperature and high pressure, and the maintenance cycle is short, with about 50 catapult cycles; (3) The pressure regulation depends on a single steam source, which cannot adapt to the requirements of different aircraft models; (4) The impact of its braking system leads to a low component life, such as less than 2,000 cycles. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a steam catapult device.

[0005] This utility model is constructed as follows: it includes a deck, a catapult track set on the deck, and a shuttle that can slide along the catapult track. A cylinder assembly is set below the deck. A wire rope transmission assembly for driving the shuttle is provided between the cylinder assembly and the catapult track. A front plug sealing structure and a rear plug buffer structure are respectively set on both sides of the cylinder assembly. The wire rope transmission assembly is slidably engaged with the front plug sealing structure and the rear plug buffer structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly is wrapped with a flexible material layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the cylinder assembly includes a cylinder housing and a piston assembly disposed inside the cylinder housing, the piston assembly including a piston, a connecting rod and a sliding plug.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the cylinder housing is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to an external steam tank via an air pipe. The steam tank has an outlet valve at its output end and an inlet valve at its input end.

[0009] Furthermore, the wire rope transmission assembly includes two pulleys and a wire rope sleeved on the two pulleys. The wire rope can rotate with the two pulleys. The wire rope is wrapped with a flexible hose. The shuttle and the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the wire rope, respectively. The two pulleys include a left pulley and a right pulley. The wire rope includes a first wire rope and a second wire rope. One end of the first wire rope is connected to the left side of the shuttle. The other end of the first wire rope is connected sequentially through the left pulley, the front plug sealing structure, and the left side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. One end of the second wire rope is connected to the right side of the shuttle. The other end of the second wire rope is connected sequentially through the right pulley, the rear plug buffer structure, and the right side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the front plug sealing structure includes a front plug, the front plug having a central hole in the middle, and a plug sealing ring inside the central hole, the plug sealing ring having an H-shaped cross-section.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear plug buffer structure includes a rear plug and a rear plug center hole disposed on the rear plug. A hydraulic buffer is disposed inside the rear plug. The second wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly passes through the rear plug center hole and the hydraulic buffer and is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. When the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly contacts, it plays a buffering role.

[0012] Furthermore, the first wire rope is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly via a fixing structure. The fixing structure includes a screw hole on the left side of the piston assembly, a slot on the side of the screw hole, a clamp at the end of the first wire rope for limiting its position within the slot, a bolt installed in the screw hole, a bolt through hole in the middle of the bolt, and a bolt sealing ring at the end of the bolt near the clamp. The first wire rope passes outward through the bolt sealing ring and the bolt through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the shuttle includes a body and a hook nose disposed on the upper part of the body, the hook nose extending above the deck, and a wheel disposed below the body, the wheel slidingly engaging with the catapult track.

[0014] Furthermore, a disc brake is installed on the right pulley; dual-mode motors are provided on both sides of the right pulley, and wheel axles are provided on both sides of the right pulley, with the output shaft of the dual-mode motor connected to the wheel axles.

[0015] Furthermore, an exhaust port is provided at the other end of the cylinder housing, and a sensor is installed inside the exhaust port. Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: The device has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is easy to use. It solves the problems of energy leakage, sealing failure, poor adjustment capability, and braking loss. By opening the air inlet valve, high-pressure steam in the boiler enters the steam tank. When the gas pressure in the steam tank reaches the preset gas pressure value, the air inlet valve is closed. When it is necessary to launch the fighter jet, the air outlet valve is opened, and high-pressure steam in the steam tank enters the cylinder, pushing the piston assembly to slide backward. The piston pulls the shuttle forward through the steel wire rope, and the shuttle pulls the fighter jet forward. When the piston passes the exhaust port at the tail of the cylinder, the high-pressure steam is discharged from the exhaust port, and there is no thrust behind the piston, so the piston assembly slows down. After the piston assembly slows down, it hits the hydraulic buffer inside the rear end, and the piston assembly stops sliding. At the same time, in conjunction with the disc brake on the rear pulley, it can buffer the moving piston assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall system according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire rope and sealing ring fitting together in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the sealing ring and wire rope according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the steel wire rope, sealing ring, and filler rubber in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the combination of the wire rope, sealing ring, and flexible material in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 7 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 9 This is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the shuttle structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bolt and the first steel wire rope in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-mode motor and right pulley structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic buffer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the existing technology structure. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Example: Figure 1-15 As shown, in this embodiment, a steam catapult device is provided, including a deck 1, a catapult track 101 disposed on the deck, and a shuttle 2 that can slide along the catapult track. The shuttle is used to drive the fighter jet to be launched. A cylinder assembly 3 is disposed below the deck. A wire rope transmission assembly 4 for driving the shuttle to move is disposed between the cylinder assembly and the catapult track. A front plug sealing structure 5 and a rear plug buffer structure 6 are respectively disposed on both sides of the cylinder assembly. The wire rope transmission assembly is in sliding fit with the front plug sealing structure and the rear plug buffer structure.

[0019] During operation: Open the inlet valve, and high-pressure steam from the boiler enters the steam tank. When the steam pressure in the tank reaches the preset value, close the inlet valve. When launching a fighter jet, open the outlet valve, and high-pressure steam from the tank enters the cylinder, pushing the piston assembly backward. The piston pulls the shuttle forward via a steel cable, which then launches the fighter jet forward. When the piston passes the exhaust port at the rear of the cylinder, high-pressure steam is discharged from the exhaust port, and there is no thrust behind the piston, causing the piston assembly to slow down. After slowing down, the piston assembly hits the hydraulic damper inside the rear end, stopping the piston assembly from sliding. This, combined with the disc brake on the rear pulley, provides cushioning for the moving piston assembly.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 3-6 As shown, in one embodiment, the wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly is wrapped with a flexible material layer. The flexible material layer can be directly wrapped around the outside of the wire rope and cooperate with the end cap sealing ring to fill the gaps on the wire rope, thereby achieving a smooth and leak-proof effect. The flexible material used can cooperate with the wire rope, flexibly wrap around the two pulleys and pull the shuttle, and also meet the sealing effect of cooperating with the end cap sealing ring.

[0021] For ease of molding, in another embodiment, the wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly is wrapped with a flexible hose, and the gap 44 between the inside of the hose and the outside of the wire rope is filled with a flexible material layer. In this case, the hose and the plug sealing ring cooperate. The flexible material layer includes, but is not limited to, flexible materials such as soft rubber 45 or silicone 43.

[0022] If there is no soft rubber or silicone filler between the hose and the wire rope, it will be like a deflated tire. Under the pressure of the high-pressure air in the cylinder, it will press the hose tightly against the surface of the wire rope, and the hose will be adsorbed onto the wire rope like a vacuum package. If there is soft rubber or silicone filler, the hose will be like a fully inflated tire, and the surface will form a sealing effect with the sealing ring assembly like a piston rod. No matter how high the air pressure in the cylinder is, it will be impossible for the air to escape from the contact point between the plug sealing ring and the smooth hose.

[0023] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, a flexible material, such as soft rubber or silicone, is wrapped between the steel wire rope and the flexible hose, causing the steel wire rope to form a cylindrical shape like a piston rod with a smooth surface. (Note: Without this flexible material, the steel wire rope would have many gaps if it were directly threaded through the sealing ring, such as...) Figure 3 , 4 High-pressure gas inside the cylinder can leak and escape through these gaps. A composite steel wire rope is wrapped with a flexible material that fills all the gaps in the rope. The composite material forms a smooth cylindrical surface along with the steel wire rope, allowing it to smoothly wrap around the pulley and pull the shuttle. This combination possesses both the tensile and compressive strength of reinforced concrete, and its smooth surface structure, along with the sealing principle of the plug seal ring, is similar to the sealing system of a piston and cylinder. In this special design, even when the cylinder is subjected to extremely high pressure, the dynamic sealing structure formed by the smooth surface and the plug seal ring effectively overcomes frictional resistance. The steel wire rope can still reciprocate while maintaining the integrity of the seal, thus ensuring that the connection remains airtight at all times. Soft rubber or silicone materials can be made of modified polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), silicone, modified plastics, and other soft materials; the flexible material layer includes, but is not limited to, the above-mentioned materials. Any flexible material used can both cooperate with the wire rope, flexibly wrap around the two pulleys and pull the shuttle, and also meet the sealing effect of the plug sealing ring.

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the cylinder assembly 3 includes a cylinder housing 31 and a piston assembly 32 disposed inside the cylinder housing. The piston assembly includes a piston 321, a connecting rod 322, and a sliding plug 323. The two ends of the connecting rod are fixed to the piston and the sliding plug, respectively. Of course, the piston has an external sealing ring, while the sliding plug does not, allowing the sliding plug to slide easily within the cylinder.

[0025] In this embodiment of the present invention, one end of the cylinder housing 31 is provided with an air inlet 311, which is connected to an external steam tank 7 via an air pipe. The output end of the steam tank is provided with an air outlet valve 701, and the input end of the steam tank is provided with an air inlet valve 702. The input end of the steam tank is connected to an external boiler via an air pipe. The other end of the cylinder housing is provided with an exhaust port 312.

[0026] In this embodiment of the utility model, the wire rope transmission assembly 4 includes two pulleys 41 and a wire rope 42 sleeved on the two pulleys. The wire rope can rotate with the two pulleys. The wire rope is wrapped with a flexible hose 43 with a smooth surface. The shuttle and the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the wire rope, respectively. The two pulleys include a left pulley 411 and a right pulley 412. The wire rope includes a first wire rope 421 and a second wire rope 422. One end of the first wire rope is connected to the left side of the shuttle. The other end of the first wire rope is connected sequentially through the left pulley, the front plug sealing structure, and the left side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. One end of the second wire rope is connected to the right side of the shuttle. The other end of the second wire rope is connected sequentially through the right pulley, the rear plug buffer structure, and the right side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly.

[0027] In this embodiment of the utility model, the front plug sealing structure 5 includes a front plug 51, a central hole in the middle of the front plug, and a plug sealing ring 52 inside the central hole. The plug sealing ring has an H-shaped cross-section.

[0028] Because the wire rope is wrapped with a smooth hose, the smooth surface of the hose matches the sealing ring on the front plug, which not only does not increase friction but also achieves the best sealing effect and reduces air pressure loss; the hose here can be a polytetrafluoroethylene hose.

[0029] In this embodiment of the utility model, the rear plug buffer structure 6 includes a rear plug 61 and a rear plug center hole disposed on the rear plug. A hydraulic buffer 62 is disposed inside the rear plug. The second wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly passes through the rear plug center hole and the hydraulic buffer and is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. When the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly contacts, it plays a buffering role.

[0030] Hydraulic dampers are existing technology. They rely on hydraulic damping to buffer and decelerate objects acting on them until they stop, providing a certain degree of protection. Their function is to prevent damage to the mechanism caused by hard collisions during operation. The hydraulic damper 62 includes an annular hydraulic cylinder 621, an annular piston 622, and a hydraulic hole 623 disposed on the annular piston. A hydraulic spring 624 is disposed between the annular piston and the inner wall of the annular hydraulic cylinder. A rubber pad is disposed on the side of the annular piston away from the hydraulic spring.

[0031] Of course, if a hydraulic damper is not used, theoretically a spring 625 can be directly set for buffering.

[0032] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first wire rope is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly via a fixing structure 8. The fixing structure includes a screw hole 801 located on the left side of the piston of the piston assembly, a sealing groove 802 located beside the screw hole, a clamp 803 located at the end of the first wire rope for limiting its position within the groove, a bolt 804 installed in the screw hole, a bolt through hole 805 located in the middle of the bolt, and a bolt sealing ring 806 located at the end of the bolt near the clamp. The first wire rope passes outward through the bolt sealing ring and the bolt through hole. Of course, the second wire rope can also be connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly via the same fixing structure.

[0033] By screwing the bolt into the screw hole at the front of the piston and locking it, high-pressure gas cannot enter the wire rope hose; after the wire rope passes through the bolt hole at the front of the piston, it passes through the sealing ring of the plug at the center of the front plug, at which point a sealed space is formed between the front of the piston and the front plug inside the cylinder.

[0034] The first steel wire rope connects to the piston end via a bolt head with a sealing ring, achieving a completely airtight seal. High-pressure gas cannot enter the hose from the piston end. Without this hose, high-pressure steam would escape through the narrow openings of the steel wire rope; the thicker the wire rope, the greater the pressure loss. It's crucial that the first steel wire rope be inserted into the piston and into the sealing ring at the front end to completely seal the hose opening. This ensures the high-pressure steam pressure is contained within the sealing ring and prevents escape from the hose end. If the hose end is not inserted into the piston and the sealing ring is not present, high-pressure steam will enter the steel wire rope from the hose end and escape through the hose.

[0035] In this embodiment of the utility model, the shuttle 2 includes a body 201 and a hook nose 202 disposed on the upper part of the body. A hook groove is formed below the hook nose, and the hook nose extends out of the deck. Several wheels 203 are disposed below the body. The wheels can be divided into front wheels and rear wheels. The wheels slide in cooperation with the catapult track. The wheels are installed in the slide rail, and the hook nose is disposed at the front end of the shuttle. When the front and rear wheels slide back and forth in the catapult track, the shuttle extends out of the slot of the deck and moves freely back and forth.

[0036] Example 2: Based on Example 1, in this embodiment of the present invention, a disc brake 9 is installed on the right pulley; the disc brake is existing technology, for example, the disc brake can be electrically controlled, or it can be pneumatic or hydraulically braked.

[0037] After the steam catapult ejects from the fighter jet, the piston is braked by controlling the disc brakes. The disc brakes provide flexible braking, extending the piston's lifespan.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, dual-mode motors 10 are provided on both sides of the right pulley, and axles 11 are provided on both sides of the right pulley. The output shaft of the dual-mode motor is connected to the axle; of course, a bearing seat 12 is also provided on the axle. The dual-mode motor is an integrated motor / generator, and this type of integrated motor / generator dual-mode motor is existing technology.

[0039] The operating parameters of the dual-mode motor can be as follows: In the power generation mode, the energy conversion efficiency can be η≥83%; in the motor auxiliary mode, the output torque T=K×P×(1-e^(-t / τ)), where K=0.32N·m / kPa.

[0040] When steam enters the cylinder, it pushes the piston to slide. As the piston slides forward, the steam pressure drops. At this point, the fighter jet needs acceleration, creating a conflict between the decreasing steam pressure and the need for acceleration. The electric motor can compensate for this pressure drop by accelerating the fighter jet. Furthermore, the aircraft carrier deck carries various fighter jet models with different weights; by applying different voltages to the motor, different fighter jet models can be flexibly launched. The axle of the right pulley is connected to an electric motor / generator. After the fighter jet is launched, the motor outputs power in reverse, turning the electric motor into a generator. The generator's work then acts as a brake on the pulley.

[0041] In this embodiment of the utility model, an exhaust port is provided at the other end of the cylinder housing, and a sensor 13 is provided inside the exhaust port. In this embodiment of the utility model, the device is further provided with a controller, which is electrically connected to the sensor 13, the disc brake, the inlet valve of the steam tank, and the outlet valve of the steam pipe.

[0042] When the piston passes the exhaust port, steam is discharged from the exhaust port. The sensor detects the high-pressure gas and transmits the information to the controller. The controller then instructs the exhaust valve to close and simultaneously sends a command to the disc brake, achieving flexible braking. If the disc brake is pneumatic, it can be connected to a steam tank, and the air pressure can be controlled by an adjusting valve to achieve flexible braking.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the combination of the wire rope and the flexible hose possesses both the tensile and compressive strength of reinforced concrete, while also allowing the wire rope to flexibly wind around the pulley and rotate. Its smooth surface structure and the sealing ring's engagement principle are similar to the sealing system of a piston and cylinder. In this special design, a flexible material such as soft rubber or silicone can be filled between the hose and the wire rope. Without this material, the hose would resemble a leaky tire; high-pressure gas would press the hose against the wire rope surface, causing it to adhere like a vacuum-sealed package. Gaps would appear when the hose passes through the sealing ring of the front plug, resulting in some air leakage. Therefore, ideally, a soft rubber material should be used as a filler.

[0044] The advantages of this device are as follows: (1) The sealing efficiency is increased to 98.7% and the steam utilization rate reaches 91%; (2) The maintenance cycle is extended to more than 500 times; (3) It can adapt to the differences between 5-35 ton models; (4) The energy recovery efficiency reaches 40%. Unless otherwise stated, if any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range. Any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is merely one among many feasible numerical values ​​that has a more obvious or representative technical effect. Because there are many numerical values, it is impossible to list them all. Therefore, this utility model discloses only some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model. Furthermore, the numerical values ​​listed above should not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0045] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate positional relationships or shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model above include states or shapes that are similar to, close to, or approximate with them.

[0046] Any component provided by this utility model can be assembled from multiple individual components, or it can be a single component manufactured by a one-piece molding process.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A steam catapult device, comprising a deck, a catapult track disposed on the deck, and a shuttle slidable along the catapult track, characterized in that, A cylinder assembly is installed below the deck. A wire rope transmission assembly for driving the shuttle is provided between the cylinder assembly and the catapult track. A front plug sealing structure and a rear plug buffer structure are respectively provided on both sides of the cylinder assembly. The wire rope transmission assembly is in sliding fit with the front plug sealing structure and the rear plug buffer structure. The wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly is wrapped with a flexible material layer.

2. The steam catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder housing and a piston assembly disposed inside the cylinder housing. The piston assembly includes a piston, a connecting rod, and a sliding plug.

3. A steam catapult device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the cylinder housing is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to an external steam tank via an air pipe. The steam tank has an outlet valve at its output end and an inlet valve at its input end.

4. A steam catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wire rope transmission assembly includes two pulleys and a wire rope sleeved on the two pulleys. The wire rope can rotate with the two pulleys. The wire rope is wrapped with a flexible hose. The shuttle and the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the wire rope, respectively. The two pulleys include a left pulley and a right pulley. The wire rope includes a first wire rope and a second wire rope. One end of the first wire rope is connected to the left side of the shuttle. The other end of the first wire rope is connected sequentially through the left pulley, the front plug sealing structure, and the left side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. One end of the second wire rope is connected to the right side of the shuttle. The other end of the second wire rope is connected sequentially through the right pulley, the rear plug buffer structure, and the right side of the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly.

5. A steam catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front plug sealing structure includes a front plug with a central hole in the middle. A plug sealing ring is installed inside the central hole, and the plug sealing ring has an H-shaped cross-section. The rear plug buffer structure includes a rear plug and a central hole on the rear plug. A hydraulic buffer is installed inside the rear plug. The second wire rope of the wire rope transmission assembly passes through the central hole of the rear plug and the hydraulic buffer and is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly. When the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly contacts, it plays a buffering role.

6. A steam catapult device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first wire rope is connected to the piston assembly of the cylinder assembly via a fixing structure. The fixing structure includes a screw hole on the left side of the piston assembly, a slot on the side of the screw hole, a clamp at the end of the first wire rope for limiting its position within the slot, a bolt installed in the screw hole, a bolt through hole in the middle of the bolt, and a bolt sealing ring at the end of the bolt near the clamp. The first wire rope passes outward through the bolt sealing ring and the bolt through hole.

7. A steam catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shuttle includes a body and a hook-nose section located on top of the body, the hook-nose section extending above the deck, and wheels located below the body that slide in conjunction with the launch track.

8. A steam catapult device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A disc brake is installed on the right pulley; dual-mode motors are provided on both sides of the right pulley, and wheel axles are provided on both sides of the right pulley, with the output shaft of the dual-mode motor connected to the wheel axles.

9. A steam catapult device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cylinder housing has an exhaust port at the other end, and a sensor is installed inside the exhaust port.

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