Hot bed leveling structure and additive manufacturing apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of hot bed leveling structure and additive manufacturing equipment, it is related to additive manufacturing technical field, comprising: hot bed and at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms;Hot bed includes with at least three Z-axis leveling mechanism one-to-one corresponding installation part;At least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms are used to form multiple-point distributed support to hot bed, each Z-axis leveling mechanism includes: sliding connector, Z-axis support rod and elastic connecting component;The connecting portion of sliding connector is movably provided on Z-axis support rod, installation part and the support portion of sliding connector are sequentially arranged along the height extension direction of Z-axis support rod, and the elastic member of elastic connecting component is abutted between installation part and support portion, and leveling gap is formed between installation part and support portion.The utility model can guarantee the stability of hot bed in the process of carrying, reduce the influence of printing precision due to shaking or tilting, prolong the service life of hot bed and related components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to a heated bed leveling structure and additive manufacturing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology (3D printing), it has been widely used in many fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, medical devices, and consumer electronics due to its advantages such as no need for molds and the ability to quickly manufacture complex structural parts. In the additive manufacturing process, the heated bed, as the core component that supports the printed workpiece, directly affects the printing quality due to its flatness and the accuracy of its relative position with the printing nozzle.

[0003] If the heated bed is tilted or uneven, it will lead to poor adhesion between the printed layer and the heated bed. This can result in defects such as warping of the printed workpiece and delamination between layers, or even printing failure, significantly increasing material waste and production time costs. Therefore, heated bed leveling is a crucial step in ensuring the accuracy of additive manufacturing.

[0004] While existing technologies have proposed using three Z-axis axes to increase the stability of the heated bed, the heated bed can experience thermal expansion during operation, leading to jamming. This jamming severely restricts the leveling efficiency and operational stability of additive manufacturing equipment. Especially in high-precision printing scenarios, frequent jamming can cause printing interruptions, resulting in material waste and production delays. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome at least one deficiency of the prior art and to provide a heated bed leveling structure and additive manufacturing equipment.

[0006] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a heated bed leveling structure is provided for additive manufacturing equipment, comprising:

[0008] A heated bed and at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms;

[0009] The heated bed includes mounting parts that correspond one-to-one with the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms;

[0010] The at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms are used to support the heated bed. Each Z-axis leveling mechanism includes: a sliding connector, a Z-axis support rod, and an elastic connecting assembly. The sliding connector includes a connecting part and a supporting part. The connecting part is movably disposed on the Z-axis support rod, and the supporting part has a supporting plane for bearing the heated bed. The axial ends of the elastic element in the elastic connecting assembly abut against the mounting part and the supporting part, forming a leveling gap between the mounting part and the supporting part.

[0011] When the connecting part moves along the Z-axis support rod, it drives the support part to rise and fall. By adjusting the height of the support plane, the heated bed can be made to reach a horizontal state.

[0012] In this embodiment, at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms form a distributed layout with at least three support points on the heated bed. This distributes the force on the heated bed evenly across each leveling mechanism, reducing deformation caused by concentrated force in localized areas and ensuring the basic flatness of the printed surface. When printing large workpieces, multi-point support can counteract the torque generated by the workpiece's own weight on the heated bed, preventing excessive force on the edges of the heated bed and thus ensuring the stability of the heated bed during the load-bearing process. This reduces the impact of shaking or tilting on printing accuracy and extends the service life of the heated bed and related components.

[0013] The sliding connector is movably mounted on the Z-axis support rod. In conjunction with the rotational movement of the lead screw, it stably converts rotational force into axial driving force, enabling precise adjustment of the heated bed height. This movable engagement method avoids axial stress on the lead screw due to thermal expansion, reducing the possibility of lead screw bending or jamming, ensuring smooth leveling operations, and thus minimizing adjustment failures caused by component jamming, extending the lead screw's service life.

[0014] The leveling gap allows the heated bed to float along the Z-axis within a small range, which can adaptively compensate for the height changes of the heated bed caused by thermal deformation during printing, prevent thermal stress from being transferred to the lead screw, thereby reducing damage to the lead screw caused by abnormal force and ensuring the stable operation of the leveling mechanism.

[0015] The elastic element automatically balances the height difference between the various leveling mechanisms. When the height of a certain Z-axis support rod is slightly lower, the compression of the elastic element increases, and the elastic force is enhanced, which can push the heated bed to tilt to that side for compensation, achieving dynamic leveling. The elastic element converts the height difference between the heated bed and the Z-axis at different support points into elastic deformation energy, which can significantly reduce the radial force on the lead screw, avoid jamming caused by excessive radial force, ensure the continuity of the leveling process, and thus reduce the impact of leveling interruption on the printing process, improving printing efficiency.

[0016] In other words, when a Z-axis support rod experiences a height difference with other Z-axis support rods due to error or thermal deformation, the elastic element absorbs the height difference through expansion and contraction, and the leveling gap provides displacement buffering to avoid rigid collisions. The sliding connector's movement with the Z-axis support rod ensures smooth adjustment, and the dynamic balance of the elastic element's force keeps the heated bed level. Multi-point support ensures the stability of the heated bed during leveling. Therefore, the heated bed leveling mechanism provided by this invention not only effectively reduces jamming during leveling and has the advantages of high precision and deformation resistance, but also reduces warping of printed parts due to heated bed issues, extends equipment maintenance cycles, and improves the stability and reliability of the additive manufacturing process.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, the Z-axis leveling mechanism includes a first Z-axis leveling mechanism and a second Z-axis leveling mechanism.

[0018] When the first Z-axis leveling mechanism is in the leveling state, the elastic element of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism undergoes a first deformation, and a height difference is formed between the leveling gap of the second Z-axis leveling mechanism and the leveling gap of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism in the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod.

[0019] The first Z-axis leveling mechanism and the second Z-axis leveling mechanism are in working condition;

[0020] In the working state, the first Z-axis leveling mechanism and the second Z-axis leveling mechanism produce a second deformation. In the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod, the leveling gap of the second Z-axis leveling mechanism is equal to the leveling gap height of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism.

[0021] The first Z-axis leveling mechanism is any one of the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms, and the second Z-axis leveling mechanism is any Z-axis leveling mechanism other than the first Z-axis leveling mechanism among the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms.

[0022] In this embodiment, the leveling system consisting of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism and at least two other second Z-axis leveling mechanisms exhibits a specific deformation shape during leveling, with the spatial dimension of its leveling gap in a contracted state. At this time, the leveling gap of this mechanism and the leveling gap of the second Z-axis leveling mechanisms form a height difference along the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod. When the elastic element of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism deforms and the leveling gap contracts, the resulting stress can be gradually transmitted through the stepped space formed by the height difference, rather than being concentrated at a single contact point. Simultaneously, the elastic elements of the other second Z-axis leveling mechanisms can remain relatively relaxed, adapting to the positional changes of the first mechanism through their own height margin, thus preventing excessive deformation and jamming of components due to stress concentration.

[0023] Furthermore, the height difference allows for slight angular deviations in each leveling mechanism. In other words, during actual leveling, due to machining errors or assembly gaps, the adjustment direction of each Z-axis leveling mechanism may be slightly tilted. These deviations can be absorbed by the spatial tolerance of the height difference, preventing a vicious cycle of "jamming-over-jamming" caused by excessively high coaxiality requirements of multiple mechanisms.

[0024] During operation, the heated bed moves up and down along the Z-axis support rod. When the heated bed starts, stops, or changes its speed, vibrations are inevitable. If these vibrations are directly transmitted to the connection between the sliding connector and the heated bed, it can lead to instability. The elastic component absorbs and buffers this vibration energy. Simultaneously, the leveling clearance provides the necessary space for the elastic component to move flexibly within this clearance, thus promptly offsetting the adverse effects of vibrations and reducing the amplitude of heated bed sway. This ensures that the heated bed maintains a relatively stable posture during operation, preventing significant shifts or shaking due to vibrations. This not only guarantees the accuracy of the heated bed's working position but also reduces the risk of equipment failure due to instability, ultimately ensuring the quality and efficiency of the work performed by the heated bed.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the aforementioned scheme, the leveling gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.

[0026] Under different operating conditions, the mounting and support sections may experience relative displacement due to factors such as temperature changes and load fluctuations. The leveling gap provides a buffer for this displacement, and the elastic properties of the elastic element automatically adapt to these changes, maintaining structural stability. Furthermore, the pre-compression of the elastic element ensures that the leveling gap remains under control, providing continuous and stable elastic support to the mounting and support sections. This support force can offset some external vibrations or impact loads, reduce stress concentration caused by uneven stress distribution, lower the risk of component damage, and extend the overall structural lifespan.

[0027] Setting the leveling gap to a range of 0.1 mm or greater and 6 mm or less is a parameter range that is well-suited to the functional implementation of the overall leveling structure, and can significantly improve the practicality and reliability of the leveling operation.

[0028] From the perspective of leveling requirements, a minimum leveling gap of 0.1mm provides a basic deformation space for the elastic component. When the Z-axis leveling mechanism produces a small height difference due to manufacturing errors or thermal deformation (usually within 0.05mm), the 0.1mm leveling gap can accommodate the initial compression of the elastic component, preventing the elastic component from failing to play its buffering role due to an excessively small leveling gap. This ensures that the first Z-axis leveling mechanism can achieve smooth force transmission through elastic deformation during fine-tuning, preventing rigid collisions in the initial stage of leveling.

[0029] The 6mm maximum leveling gap provides ample space for significant adjustments to the heated bed. When the heated bed tilts noticeably due to prolonged use, or when replacing printing substrates of different thicknesses requires substantial height adjustments, the 6mm leveling gap accommodates the maximum deformation requirements of the elastic connecting components. This allows for a sufficient height difference between the first and second Z-axis leveling mechanisms, enabling step-by-step correction of the heated bed's flatness. Simultaneously, the 6mm upper limit prevents heated bed wobbling caused by excessively large leveling gaps. If the leveling gap exceeds this range, the supporting force of the elastic components will weaken due to excessive deformation, potentially causing displacement of the heated bed during printing due to vibration, affecting printing accuracy. Limiting the gap to within 6mm ensures that the elastic components consistently provide stable supporting force, balancing the adjustment range with support stability.

[0030] This gap range works synergistically with the classification leveling logic: when adjusting the first Z-axis leveling mechanism alone, the 0.1mm-6mm gap can absorb force fluctuations during the adjustment process (such as the instantaneous impact force when the lead screw rotates) through the deformation of the elastic element, and can also visually reflect the leveling amount through gap changes, making it easy for operators or automatic control systems to judge the leveling progress. In addition, this range is compatible with the thermal deformation of most additive manufacturing equipment, and can automatically compensate for height deviations caused by thermal deformation through the gap, reducing the need for secondary leveling due to temperature changes and further improving the operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0031] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing solution, a first connecting hole is provided on the mounting part;

[0032] The support portion is provided with a second connecting hole;

[0033] The elastic connection assembly includes a locking member that axially passes through the first connection hole, the elastic member, and the second connection hole in sequence.

[0034] The first connecting hole on the mounting part and the second connecting hole on the support part are aligned to provide a precise positioning basis for the installation of the locking part. This design allows the locking part to pass through the first connecting hole, the elastic element and the second connecting hole in an axial direction in sequence, so as to achieve a strong connection between the mounting part and the support part.

[0035] The alignment of the first and second connecting holes ensures that the locking component can pass through each part along a preset path, preventing the locking component from tilting due to hole misalignment and thus preventing lateral deformation of the elastic component under force. If the holes are misaligned, the locking component will exert a lateral force on the elastic component, which will not only affect the normal expansion and contraction performance of the elastic component but may also cause premature wear and shorten its service life. Therefore, proper hole alignment ensures the stable functioning of the elastic connection assembly.

[0036] The locking mechanism, which connects all components, tightly links the mounting section, elastic element, and support section, achieving force transmission among them while also providing constraint for the elastic element. During leveling, when the height of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism changes, the elastic element, restricted by the locking mechanism, can only extend and retract axially, preventing lateral displacement due to uneven force and ensuring the stability of the leveling gap. Simultaneously, the locking mechanism prevents the elastic element from detaching from the mounting section and support section during long-term use, ensuring the structural integrity of the elastic connection assembly.

[0037] Overall, the cooperation between the first connecting hole, the second connecting hole, and the elastic connecting component not only ensures the normal working condition of the elastic element and enhances the stability of the structure, but also improves the accuracy and reliability of the leveling process, further perfecting the overall performance of the heated bed leveling structure.

[0038] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing solution,

[0039] The second connecting hole includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment. The diameter of the first connecting segment is smaller than the diameter of the second connecting segment, and a limiting shoulder is formed at the connection between the two.

[0040] The locking component includes a first locking section and a second locking section coaxially arranged, connected by a transition slope. During assembly, the first locking section is threaded into the first connecting section, and a first portion of the second locking section extends into the second connecting section. The transition slope and the limiting shoulder form an axial limiting fit. The threaded fit between the first connecting section and the first locking section provides basic fastening, while the axial limiting fit between the limiting shoulder and the transition slope effectively restricts excessive axial displacement of the locking component, preventing loosening due to vibration, impact, or other external forces. This dual protection of threaded fastening and axial limiting ensures a stable connection between the locking component and the second connecting hole during long-term use.

[0041] Secondly, since the diameter of the first connecting section is smaller than that of the second connecting section, and the first locking section of the locking member is threadedly engaged with the first connecting section while the second locking section partially extends into the second connecting section, the second connecting section can provide initial guidance for the locking member during assembly, reducing the difficulty of thread alignment and improving assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the engagement between the transition slope and the limiting shoulder serves as a clear indicator of proper assembly, allowing operators to quickly determine whether the locking member is installed in the preset position, reducing assembly errors. The threaded engagement also allows for fine-tuning of the initial compression of the elastic element by rotating the locking member, providing adaptability for the elastic buffering requirements of different printing scenarios. For example, when printing lightweight workpieces, the preload can be reduced to improve leveling sensitivity, while when printing heavy workpieces, the preload can be increased to enhance support rigidity.

[0042] Furthermore, the fit between the limiting shoulder and the transition slope disperses the axial force across the contact surface, preventing stress concentration at the threaded connection and reducing the risk of deformation or breakage of the thread due to excessive local stress. The design of the transition slope also allows the axial force to be transmitted evenly along the slope, further optimizing the force distribution path and improving the load-bearing capacity and fatigue life of the entire connection structure.

[0043] In addition, it has excellent anti-loosening and anti-retraction effects. The tight fit between the transition slope and the limiting shoulder forms a rigid limit in the axial direction, which can effectively prevent the locking part from retracting during operation due to reverse torque or axial tension. Combined with the self-locking characteristics of the thread, it greatly improves the anti-loosening ability of the connection between the locking part and the second connecting hole.

[0044] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the aforementioned solution, the first connecting hole includes a countersunk section and a through section, wherein the diameter of the countersunk section is larger than the diameter of the through section;

[0045] The locking member further includes a third locking section connecting the second locking section. The cross-sectional width of the third locking section is greater than the cross-sectional width of the second locking section. Along the radial extension direction of the locking member, the portion of the third locking section that is larger than the second locking section forms a protrusion.

[0046] The protrusion is located in the countersunk section, and the second locking section is located in the through section, with a second portion extending from the connection point with the third locking section toward the first locking section.

[0047] The heated bed leveling structure also includes a washer, the first section of which is located at the bottom of the countersunk section and is used to support the protrusion, and the second section of which is located inside the through-hole section and fitted onto the second part.

[0048] The difference in diameter between the countersunk section and the through section of the first connecting hole, the setting of the third locking section of the locking component, and the use of washers further optimize the stability, stress balance, and assembly reliability of the heated bed leveling structure.

[0049] The countersunk hole section of the first connecting hole has a larger diameter than the through hole section, providing space for the protrusion of the third locking section. This allows the protrusion to be stably positioned within the countersunk hole section, preventing the locking component from wobbling in the axial direction. Simultaneously, the stepped structure created by this difference in hole diameter, in conjunction with the washer, limits the protrusion, preventing the locking component from extending excessively into the heated bed. This ensures the stability of the locking component's position during leveling, laying the foundation for stable force transmission.

[0050] The protrusion increases the contact area between the third locking section and the washer and the bottom of the countersunk section. During leveling, when the locking component is subjected to axial force, the protrusion can transmit the force more evenly to the washer, and then distribute it to the bottom of the countersunk section through the washer. This prevents damage to the first connecting hole or the locking component itself due to excessive localized force, thus extending the service life of the component. At the same time, the large contact area between the protrusion and the washer enhances the axial stability of the locking component, reduces loosening caused by vibration, and ensures the consistency of the preload of the elastic element.

[0051] The first section of the washer supports the third locking section at the bottom of the countersunk section, while the second section is fitted over the second locking section in the through-hole section. This structure allows the washer to function in multiple locations. The first section of the washer at the bottom of the countersunk section increases the contact area between the third locking section and the bottom of the countersunk section, further dispersing pressure and preventing direct rigid contact, thus reducing wear between them. The second section of the washer, located within the through-hole section, provides radial restraint to the second part of the second locking section, reducing the amplitude of the second locking section's movement within the through-hole section. This ensures the overall stability of the locking mechanism's movement, thereby reducing interference from movement on the elastic element and ensuring the smooth expansion and contraction of the elastic element.

[0052] Furthermore, the gasket can compensate for potential machining errors at the bottom of the countersunk section and the through-hole section. If the bottom of the countersunk section is uneven or there is a slight dimensional deviation in the through-hole section, the gasket can fill and adapt through its own slight deformation, ensuring balanced force on the third locking section and the second locking section, preventing the locking component from tilting due to machining errors, and thus ensuring the normal operation of the entire elastic connection assembly.

[0053] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the aforementioned scheme, a fixing hole is provided on the third locking segment, the fixing hole is coaxial with the third locking segment, and the fixing hole extends from the end of the third locking segment away from the second locking segment toward the second locking segment, so as to at least partially penetrate the second locking segment.

[0054] The fixing hole is coaxially set with the third locking section, which ensures that the central axis of the hole is consistent with the overall axis of the locking component, providing a precise installation reference for possible auxiliary fixing components (such as positioning pins, set screws, etc.).

[0055] The fixing hole extends from the end of the third locking segment away from the second locking segment toward the second locking segment and at least partially penetrates the second locking segment, forming a channel along the axial direction of the locking element. This channel can be used to accommodate auxiliary tools, facilitating operation of the locking element during assembly or maintenance. For example, when it is necessary to rotate the locking element to adjust the preload of the elastic element, a suitable tool can be inserted into the fixing hole, and torque can be applied by the tool, making the rotation of the locking element easier and more precise, avoiding adjustment errors caused by slippage during manual rotation.

[0056] For scenarios requiring a sustained preload, the fixing holes can also be used in conjunction with auxiliary fasteners to prevent the locking components from loosening. After the locking components are adjusted to the correct position, inserting set screws or similar fasteners into the fixing holes and tightening them increases the friction between the locking components and related parts, preventing the locking components from loosening during long-term vibration or stress, ensuring the stability of the preload of the elastic components, and thus maintaining a constant leveling gap and reducing the decrease in leveling accuracy caused by loosening of the locking components.

[0057] Furthermore, the placement of the fixing holes achieves structural lightweighting without compromising the overall strength of the locking components. The through-hole design reduces the material usage and weight of the locking components, thereby lessening the load on the heated bed support plate and support structure, and indirectly reducing component wear. Simultaneously, the inner wall of the fixing holes serves as a positioning reference during the locking component's machining process, improving the coaxiality machining accuracy of each segment of the locking component and ensuring its fit with the first and second connecting holes.

[0058] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing solution, a first receiving groove is provided on the support portion, the first receiving groove comprising:

[0059] The annular groove segment is radially spaced from the first connecting segment along the radial extension direction of the locking member;

[0060] The through groove section is radially connected to the second connecting section along the radial extension direction of the locking member, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom of the annular groove section.

[0061] The first receiving groove on the support includes an annular groove segment and a through groove segment. The annular groove segment is spaced apart from the first connecting segment along the radial direction of the locking member, providing a stable receiving space for one end of the elastic member. One end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom of the annular groove segment, and the peripheral wall of the annular groove segment forms a circumferential constraint on the elastic member, preventing the elastic member from shifting radially during expansion and contraction, and ensuring that the elastic force is always transmitted along the Z-axis direction. The through groove segment communicates with the second connecting segment along the radial direction of the locking member, providing a channel for the extension of the other end of the elastic member, allowing the elastic member to smoothly pass through the support and achieve an elastic connection with the mounting part, ensuring the continuity of the elastic connection.

[0062] The spacing between the annular groove section and the first connecting section avoids interference between the elastic element and the threaded structure of the first connecting section. If the distance between them is too close, the elastic element may rub against the thread during expansion and contraction, leading to wear of the elastic element or damage to the thread. The spacing design effectively avoids this problem, ensuring the normal operation of both the elastic element and the threaded structure. The radial connection between the through groove section and the second connecting section allows the elastic element to fit tightly against the extension of the second locking section of the locking element, reducing the space occupied by the elastic element in the support and making the structure more compact. At the same time, the peripheral wall of the through groove section also provides a certain guiding effect for the elastic element, further ensuring the straightness of the expansion and contraction of the elastic element.

[0063] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the aforementioned scheme, the mounting part is provided with a second receiving groove corresponding to the first receiving groove, the opening of the second receiving groove faces the support part, at least a portion of the support part is located in the second receiving groove, and the other end of the elastic member passes through the annular groove segment and the through groove segment in sequence and abuts against the bottom of the second receiving groove.

[0064] The second receiving slot provides embedding space for the support, allowing the support and mounting parts to form a nested fit, significantly shortening the distance between them in the Z-axis direction and making the overall structure more compact. This compact design reduces the space occupied by the leveling mechanism, reserving more space for the layout of other components inside the additive manufacturing equipment, while reducing vibration transmission caused by a loose structure and improving the overall stability of the heated bed.

[0065] The support portion is at least partially located in the second receiving groove, forming a radial constraint on the relative positions of the two, limiting the horizontal offset between the support portion and the mounting portion. During the leveling process, when each Z-axis leveling mechanism experiences a small displacement due to force, this radial constraint ensures that the support portion and the mounting portion always remain aligned, preventing uneven force on the elastic element due to offset, ensuring that the elastic element always expands and contracts axially, and maintaining the accuracy of the leveling gap changes.

[0066] The first and second receiving grooves work together to form a complete receiving space for the elastic element. One end of the elastic element is located in the annular groove section, and the other end extends into the second receiving groove. Both ends are circumferentially constrained, ensuring that the elastic element maintains a stable posture throughout its length, preventing bending or tipping due to long-distance extension and contraction, and ensuring a stable output of elastic force during leveling. This design, together with the segmented structure of the protrusions and locking components, further improves the constraint system of the entire leveling structure, making the movement and force of each component more controllable, and enhancing the accuracy and reliability of heated bed leveling.

[0067] Furthermore, the depth of the second receiving groove can be adapted to the length of the elastic element and the leveling gap range. When the leveling gap varies within the range of 0.1mm-6mm, the space inside the groove can provide sufficient stroke for the expansion and contraction of the elastic element, while preventing the elastic element from detaching from the bottom of the groove when overstretched, thus ensuring the continuity of the elastic connection. This design, together with locking elements, connecting holes, and other structures, forms a more rigorous constraint system, making the movement and force of each component more controllable during the leveling process, further improving the reliability and service life of the heated bed leveling structure.

[0068] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing solution, a third connecting hole is provided on the connecting part;

[0069] The heated bed leveling structure also includes a brass nut, which is disposed in the third connecting hole and is movably connected to the Z-axis support rod.

[0070] The third connecting hole provides precise installation space for the brass nut, ensuring a stable integral structure between the brass nut and the sliding connector. Without this dedicated connecting hole, the brass nut would be difficult to align precisely with the connecting part, potentially causing it to shift under load and compromising the fit with the Z-axis support rod. The diameter of the third connecting hole matches the size of the brass nut, providing radial constraint through the hole wall to prevent wobbling or tilting during Z-axis support rod rotation. This ensures that both remain coaxially aligned, laying the foundation for stable force transmission.

[0071] The movable connection between the brass nut and the Z-axis support rod is the core transmission structure that converts the rotational motion of the lead screw into the axial displacement of the sliding connector. Brass possesses excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. Compared to steel nuts, it has a lower coefficient of friction with the lead screw, reducing energy loss during transmission and making the leveling action smoother. Simultaneously, brass has good ductility, allowing it to compensate for thread machining errors through slight deformation during long-term contact with the lead screw, reducing transmission jerks caused by excessive thread clearance and improving leveling accuracy.

[0072] This structural design effectively addresses the high-frequency transmission requirements during leveling. During frequent lifting and lowering adjustments of the heated bed, the wear rate of the brass nut and Z-axis support rod is significantly lower than that of traditional metal fittings, extending their service life and reducing leveling failures caused by component wear. Furthermore, the way the brass nut is fixed to the third connecting hole prevents the nut from rotating synchronously with the lead screw during transmission, ensuring that all rotational force is converted into the axial driving force of the sliding connector, thus improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0073] This structure works synergistically with the support portion and elastic connection components of the sliding connector: the axial force transmitted by the brass nut acts on the elastic component through the support portion of the sliding connector, while the buffering effect of the elastic component can offset the instantaneous impact force during transmission, reducing the force fluctuation between the brass nut and the lead screw, and further protecting the transmission pair. This cooperative relationship allows the leveling mechanism to achieve precise displacement while possessing good impact resistance, adapting to the complex working conditions required in additive manufacturing.

[0074] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing scheme, the heated bed leveling structure includes at least one optical axis.

[0075] The connecting part is also provided with a fourth connecting hole that corresponds one-to-one with at least one optical axis, and the optical axis passes through the fourth connecting hole.

[0076] The fourth connecting hole provides a fitting space for the optical axis and the connecting part. The diameter of the fourth connecting hole precisely matches the diameter of the optical axis, and the hole wall of the fourth connecting hole can form a tight radial constraint on the optical axis. This constraint can effectively limit the radial displacement of the sliding connector during movement and prevent it from shaking due to slight wobble during the Z-axis support rod transmission. Without the cooperation of the fourth connecting hole and the optical axis, the sliding connector may only rely on the cooperation of the brass nut and the Z-axis support rod for positioning, which is prone to rotation or tilting during axial movement, thus compromising the stability of the leveling clearance. However, the cooperation of the fourth connecting hole and the optical axis can form a reliable guiding structure, ensuring that the sliding connector always moves linearly along the Z-axis.

[0077] At least one optical axis passes through at least one fourth connecting hole, forming a parallel biaxial support structure with the Z-axis support rod. This biaxial support disperses the force on the sliding connector, reducing the risk of bending deformation of the Z-axis support rod due to bearing radial force alone. During leveling, when the sliding connector is subjected to the reaction force transmitted by the elastic element or the pressure of the heated bed, the optical axis can share part of the radial load, allowing the fit between the brass nut and the Z-axis support rod to focus more on axial force transmission, reducing the wear rate of the threaded mating surfaces and extending the service life of the transmission pair.

[0078] Meanwhile, the guiding effect of the optical axis improves the smoothness of the sliding connector's movement. Due to the high surface finish of the optical axis, the small clearance and low coefficient of friction between it and the fourth connecting hole reduce resistance during axial movement of the sliding connector, making the leveling action more sensitive. When fine-tuning the first Z-axis leveling mechanism, this smoothness ensures that the sliding connector responds quickly to the rotational movement of the lead screw, promptly changing the leveling clearance, shortening the response time of the leveling process, and improving leveling efficiency.

[0079] This structure works synergistically with the third connecting hole and brass nut: the fourth connecting hole and the guiding constraint of the optical axis, combined with the transmission action of the brass nut and the Z-axis support rod, ensure that the movement of the sliding connector is both precise and stable. When the elastic element experiences elastic force fluctuations due to changes in the leveling clearance, the optical axis restricts the radial displacement of the sliding connector, ensuring that the elastic force of the elastic element is always transmitted to the heated bed along the Z-axis direction. This prevents uneven local stress on the heated bed due to force direction deviation, further guaranteeing the adjustment accuracy of the heated bed flatness. This dual-axis design allows the Z-axis leveling mechanism to maintain reliable performance during high-frequency, high-precision leveling operations, meeting the stringent requirements of additive manufacturing for heated bed stability.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the foregoing solution, a fifth connecting hole is further provided on the connecting part;

[0081] The heated bed leveling structure includes a second optical axis, which passes through the fifth connecting hole and is symmetrically arranged with the first optical axis.

[0082] The fifth connecting hole provides a suitable mounting space for the second optical axis. It forms a symmetrical layout with the fourth connecting hole, ensuring that the second optical axis remains parallel to the first optical axis with uniform spacing. This symmetrical hole design allows for a more balanced constraint effect of the two optical axes on the sliding connector, avoiding the force imbalance that might occur with a single optical axis guide. This results in more even force distribution across the sliding connector during movement, reducing component deformation caused by localized stress concentration.

[0083] The symmetrical arrangement of the dual optical axes also enhances the anti-tipping capability of the sliding connector. When a large workpiece is being carried on a heated bed or when instantaneous impact forces occur during leveling, the two optical axes provide symmetrical support to the sliding connector, dispersing the radial load, reducing the pressure on a single optical axis, minimizing wear on the mating surfaces of the optical axis and the connecting hole, and extending the service life of the component. Simultaneously, the symmetrical support structure makes the sliding connector more stable when subjected to forces perpendicular to the direction of movement, preventing tilting or wobbling and ensuring that changes in the leveling clearance remain within a controllable range.

[0084] The stable guidance provided by the dual-axis symmetry, combined with the precise transmission between the brass nut and the Z-axis support rod, further enhances the motion accuracy and stability of the sliding connector. When the elastic force of the elastic element changes during the leveling process, the two axes symmetrically restrict the radial displacement of the sliding connector, ensuring that the elastic force is evenly transmitted to the heated bed and preventing local deformation of the heated bed due to force bias, thus guaranteeing the flatness of the printed surface. This symmetrical dual-axis design allows the leveling mechanism to maintain stable performance even under complex working conditions (such as high loads and high-frequency adjustments), better adapting to the high precision and high stability requirements of additive manufacturing for heated beds.

[0085] In some exemplary embodiments of this utility model, based on the aforementioned scheme, the heated bed leveling structure includes at least three motors, each of which is correspondingly arranged with at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms, and drives the Z-axis support rod in the corresponding Z-axis leveling mechanism to rotate.

[0086] Since the motor can drive the Z-axis support rod to rotate, and the rotation of the Z-axis support rod can be converted into axial movement of the connecting part, thereby driving the support part to rise and fall synchronously, and the force is buffered and transmitted to the heated bed through the elastic element.

[0087] Each Z-axis leveling mechanism is equipped with an independent motor, meaning that the height adjustment of each mechanism can be performed independently without interference. This independent drive mode allows operators or automatic control systems to precisely adjust the leveling mechanism at the corresponding position based on the tilt of different areas of the heated bed. For example, if a corner of the heated bed is too low, only the motor corresponding to that corner can be activated to drive the Z-axis support rod to rotate and adjust its height, without affecting other leveling mechanisms. This avoids the spread of errors caused by linked adjustments and significantly improves the accuracy of single-point leveling.

[0088] Moreover, the independent motor configuration makes the leveling process more flexible. During initial leveling or periodic calibration, each leveling mechanism can be individually and finely adjusted based on the actual flatness data of the heated bed, gradually correcting any slight tilt of the heated bed until the ideal flatness is achieved.

[0089] Meanwhile, independent motor drive improves leveling efficiency. When the overall height of the heated bed needs adjustment, all motors can be started simultaneously, allowing each leveling mechanism to rise and fall synchronously, shortening the leveling time. For minor adjustments, only the corresponding motor needs to be started, reducing unnecessary energy consumption. This "on-demand drive" mode is particularly suitable for frequent heated bed calibration work in mass production, effectively improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0090] According to another aspect of the present invention, an additive manufacturing apparatus is provided, the additive manufacturing apparatus comprising a main frame and a heated bed leveling mechanism as described above; the main frame is used to accommodate the heated bed leveling mechanism.

[0091] The additive manufacturing equipment provided in this embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the hot bed leveling structure provided in the above embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0092] The main frame houses the heated bed leveling structure, providing rigid support and protection for the entire leveling system. The frame's structural strength resists the reaction forces generated by various components during leveling, preventing overall equipment swaying due to component stress. Simultaneously, the frame integrates the heated bed leveling structure and other core components into a single unit, reducing interference from external environmental factors (such as workshop vibration and airflow) on internal components and ensuring the leveling mechanism operates in a stable environment. Furthermore, the frame protects internal components from dust and debris entering the transmission parts of the leveling mechanism (such as the Z-axis support rod and brass nuts), reducing component wear or jamming caused by contaminants and extending the equipment's maintenance cycle.

[0093] The coordination of the heated bed, the main frame, and the heated bed leveling structure forms a complete system from support to adjustment to protection. The precise adjustment of the heated bed leveling structure is transmitted to the heated bed, ensuring its flatness; the main frame provides a stable environment for this adjustment process, preventing external factors from interfering with the leveling accuracy.

[0094] The accommodative design of the main frame also facilitates modular assembly of the equipment. Standardized installation interfaces are provided inside the frame, making the disassembly and assembly of components such as the heated bed leveling structure and the heated bed itself easier, and facilitating future upgrades or component replacements. For example, when it is necessary to replace the heated bed with a different size, the frame's structural design can quickly adapt to new support plates and leveling mechanisms, improving the equipment's compatibility and expandability, and better meeting diverse printing needs.

[0095] Furthermore, the enclosed or semi-enclosed design of the main frame, combined with the heating function of the heated bed, can create a localized constant-temperature space, reducing the impact of external temperature fluctuations on the printing process. When printing temperature-sensitive materials, this constant-temperature environment can stabilize the melting state and solidification rate of the material, further improving the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the printed parts, and broadening the range of materials the equipment can be used with.

[0096] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions described above, other technical problems that can be solved by the hot bed leveling structure and additive manufacturing equipment provided by the embodiments of the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0097] The above and other features and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from a detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0098] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0099] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of one embodiment of the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0100] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0101] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0102] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the heated bed in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0103] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the sliding connector in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0104] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the sliding connector in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0105] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the locking component in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0106] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the locking component in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0107] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the gasket in the heated bed leveling structure provided by this utility model;

[0108] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the additive manufacturing equipment provided by this utility model.

[0109] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0110] 1. Heated bed; 11. Mounting section; 111. First connecting hole; 1111. Countersunk section; 1112. Through section; 112. Second receiving groove;

[0111] 2. Z-axis leveling mechanism; 21. Sliding connector; 211. Connecting part; 2111. Third connecting hole; 2112. Fourth connecting hole; 2113. Fifth connecting hole; 212. Support part; 2121. Second connecting hole; 21211. First connecting section; 21212. Second connecting section; 2122. First receiving groove; 21221. Annular groove section; 21222. Through groove section; 213. Center hole; 22. Z-axis support rod; 23. Elastic connecting assembly; 231. Elastic element; 232. Locking element; 2321. First locking section; 2322. Second locking section; 2323. Third locking section; 23231. Protrusion; 2324. Fixing hole; 24. Leveling gap;

[0112] 3. Washer; 31. First section; 32. Second section;

[0113] 4. Brass nuts;

[0114] 5. First optical axis;

[0115] 6. Second optical axis;

[0116] 7. Electric motor;

[0117] 8. Main framework. Detailed Implementation

[0118] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0119] The features, structures, or characteristics described above can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments, and the features discussed in the various embodiments are interchangeable where possible. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided to give a full understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of the present invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details described, or other methods, components, materials, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of the present invention.

[0120] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this invention to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the icon's arrangement is flipped so that it is upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down". Other relative terms such as "high", "low", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "left", and "right" also have similar meanings. When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0121] In this utility model, the terms "a", "an", "the", "the", and "at least one" are used to indicate the existence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising", "including", and "having" are used to indicate an open-ended meaning of inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.

[0122] In additive manufacturing equipment, the heated bed leveling structure is one of the key mechanisms to ensure smooth and precise interlayer bonding and stable part dimensions during the printing process. However, in related technologies, heated bed leveling structures often adopt a dual Z-axis leveling mechanism. Dual Z-axis heated beds are prone to tilting left and right, resulting in poor stability, high leveling difficulty, and high requirements for assembly processes at the factory.

[0123] Therefore, how to provide a hot bed leveling structure with high stability, simple leveling operation and low assembly process is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0124] According to one aspect of the present invention, a heated bed leveling structure is provided for additive manufacturing equipment, such as a 3D printer, to ensure that the surface of the heated bed 1 is level during 3D printing. (See reference...) Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a heated bed 1 and at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2.

[0125] The at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 can be three, four, five, or six, etc. This utility model does not limit the specific number of Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2. Those skilled in the art can set them according to the actual situation while ensuring the stability of the heated bed, the accuracy of leveling, and without affecting normal printing.

[0126] As a preferred embodiment, considering triangular stability, at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 can be provided, and each Z-axis leveling mechanism is equipped with a motor 7.

[0127] In some embodiments, the heated bed 1 can be configured as a polygon, with a mounting part 11 at each vertex. Considering compatibility with most additive manufacturing equipment, in this embodiment, the heated bed 1 is configured as a rectangle, and the positions of the three Z-axis leveling mechanisms are not limited. For example: 1. The three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 are located on three different sides of the rectangle; 2. Two of the Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 are positioned at both ends of one of the long sides of the rectangle, and the other Z-axis leveling mechanism 2 is positioned in the middle of the other long side, so that the line connecting the three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 forms a triangle, increasing its stability.

[0128] In this way, the three Z-axis leveling mechanisms 2 can provide multi-point distributed support for the heated bed 1. This invention does not limit the specific structure of the Z-axis leveling mechanisms. For example, in some embodiments, refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each Z-axis leveling mechanism 2 can be designed to include: a sliding connector 21, a Z-axis support rod 22, and an elastic connection assembly 23. The Z-axis support rod 22 can be a Z-axis lead screw, and the sliding connector 21 includes a connecting part 211 and a supporting part 212. The connecting part 211 is movably inserted through the Z-axis support rod 22 and cooperates with the Z-axis support rod 22. It can be designed as a sleeve with a built-in brass nut 4, or it can be designed as an internally threaded structure integrally formed with the sliding connector 21.

[0129] The mounting portion 11 and the support portion 212 are arranged sequentially along the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod 22. In some embodiments, the mounting portion 11 is usually positioned above the support portion 212 along the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod 22, and the mounting portion 11 and the support portion 212 do not overlap in height, that is, their projections along the height direction of the Z-axis support rod 22 are completely offset, forming a spatial layout with upper and lower separation.

[0130] In some implementations, reference Figure 4 The elastic connection assembly 23 may include an elastic element 231, which may be a compression spring, a disc spring, or a composite elastic element (with a metal spring as the inner core and a silicone sleeve as the outer layer), etc. This invention does not impose specific limitations. The axial ends of the elastic element 231 of the elastic connection assembly 23 abut against the mounting portion 11 and the support portion 212, forming a leveling gap 24 between the mounting portion 11 and the support portion 212.

[0131] The elastic element 231 is disposed between the mounting part 11 and the support part 212. The leveling gap 24 does not exceed the sum of the heights of the mounting part 11 and the support part 212. The leveling gap 24 can be set according to the free length of the elastic element 231. In some embodiments, the leveling gap 24 can be designed to be 0.1mm to 6mm, for example, it can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, or 6mm.

[0132] To ensure a stable connection between the mounting part 11 and the support part 212, in this embodiment of the utility model, reference is made to... Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the mounting part 11 can be designed with a first connecting hole 111, and the support part 212 can be aligned with a second connecting hole 2121. The elastic connecting component 23 includes a locking member 232, which axially passes through the first connecting hole 111, the elastic member 231, and the second connecting hole 2121 in sequence.

[0133] This utility model does not limit the specific shape and structure of the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121. For example, in some embodiments, the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121 can both be smooth holes, and the locking member 232 can be a connecting shaft, a connecting pin, etc., so as to achieve the connection between the mounting part 11 and the support part 212 by interference fit with the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121.

[0134] In other embodiments, the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121 may be threaded holes, and the threads of the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121 have the same direction of rotation. The locking member 232 may be a bolt with the opposite direction of rotation to the threads of the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121, so as to realize the connection between the mounting part 11 and the support part 212.

[0135] When a bolt is screwed into two threaded holes in the same direction, its reverse threads will form an "interlocking effect" with the threads of the connecting holes. As a result, the axial force generated during the hot bed movement will be offset by the two threaded contact surfaces in opposite directions, reducing the "loosening tendency" common in traditional threaded connections, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the connection structure.

[0136] Furthermore, since the threads of the first connecting hole 111 and the second connecting hole 2121 are aligned in the same direction, the starting positions of their threads can be quickly aligned during the pre-assembly stage. During the tightening process, the reverse threads of the locking member 232 can automatically calibrate the relative positions of the mounting part 11 and the support part 212 through the engagement of the threads, reducing the connection misalignment caused by manual assembly deviations, ensuring that the two are in a coaxial state when subjected to force, and reducing the risk of local stress concentration.

[0137] In this embodiment of the utility model, reference is made to Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in order to reduce material consumption while ensuring connection strength and achieve lightweight design, thereby indirectly reducing the overall load on the heated bed, the locking member 232 can be a cylinder, including a first locking segment 2321 and a second locking segment 2322. The first locking segment 2321 and the second locking segment 2322 have different radii. Accordingly, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the second connecting hole 2121 may include a first connecting segment 21211 and a second connecting segment 21212. A first locking segment 2321 can extend into the first connecting segment 21211, and a second locking segment 2322 can extend into the second connecting segment 21212. In this example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first locking segment 2321 may differ from the shape or cross-sectional area of ​​the second locking segment 2322. For example, in some embodiments, the first locking segment 2321 is a cylindrical structure, and the second locking segment 2322 is a cubic structure. In this case, the cross-section of the first locking segment 2321 is circular, and the cross-section of the second locking segment 2322 is square. Of course, both the first locking segment 2321 and the second locking segment 2322 may be cylindrical structures, in which case both the cross-sections of the first locking segment 2321 and the second locking segment 2322 are circular.

[0138] The first locking segment 2321 can be a segment located away from the first connecting hole 111. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first locking segment 2321 can be set to be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second locking segment 2322. That is to say, the first locking segment 2321 undertakes the initial fixing or guiding function, and the smaller cross-sectional area can reduce unnecessary material consumption while ensuring the basic locking function, and also facilitates precise installation and positioning in confined spaces. As the main load-bearing and stabilizing part, the second locking segment 2322, with its larger cross-sectional area, can significantly improve its structural strength and load-bearing capacity, effectively disperse the pressure from external forces, and reduce the risk of deformation or damage due to excessive force.

[0139] Based on this, refer to Figure 4As shown, the aperture of the first connecting segment 21211 can be further configured to be adapted to the first locking segment 2321, the aperture of the second connecting segment 21212 is larger than the aperture of the first connecting segment 21211, and the first part of the second locking segment 2322 is located inside the second connecting segment 21212, so that the connection transition area between the second locking segment 2322 and the first locking segment 2321 abuts against the shoulder of the first connecting segment 21211.

[0140] The aperture of the first connecting section 21211 matches that of the first locking section 2321. This structural fit allows the two to be tightly connected, providing a fundamental stability for the overall connection structure. When the first locking section 2321 is inserted into the first connecting section 21211, it reduces the gap between the two, preventing unnecessary shaking under stress or vibration, thereby enhancing the reliability of the connection.

[0141] The diameter of the second connecting section 21212 is larger than that of the first connecting section 21211, and the first part of the second locking section 2322 is located inside the second connecting section 21212. This design provides sufficient space for the second locking section 2322. At the same time, the transition area between the second locking section 2322 and the first locking section 2321 abuts against the shoulder of the first connecting section 21211, forming an effective axial limit.

[0142] This abutment structure can withstand part of the axial force. When the connecting structure is subjected to axial tension or compression, the contact between the transition area and the shoulder can transfer and disperse the force, preventing the force from concentrating at the connection between the first locking section 2321 and the first connecting section 21211, thereby reducing the risk of damage to this part due to excessive force. Furthermore, this limiting method ensures that the positions of the first locking section 2321 and the second locking section 2322 within the connecting hole are more stable, preventing positional shifts from affecting the overall connection effect during long-term use, further improving the durability and safety of the connecting structure. In this example, the first locking section 2321 can be configured to thread into the first connecting section 21211, and the second locking section 2322 can be a smooth shaft section.

[0143] This utility model does not specifically limit the connection method between the first connecting hole 111 and the locking segment. In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5As shown, the first connecting hole 111 can be designed to include a countersunk section 1111 and a through section 1112, with the diameter of the countersunk section 1111 being larger than the diameter of the through section 1112. Correspondingly, the locking member 232 also includes a third locking section 2323, the cross-sectional width of which is greater than the cross-sectional width of the second locking section 2322. Along the radial extension direction of the locking member 232, the portion of the third locking section 2323 that is larger than the second locking section 2322 forms a protrusion 23231. That is, when the second locking section 2322 is a cylindrical structure, the third locking section 2323 protrudes uniformly radially along the cross-section of the second locking section 2322 to form the protrusion 23231.

[0144] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the protrusion 23231 is located in the countersunk hole section 1111, and the second locking section 2322 is located in the through hole section 1112, with the second part extending from the connection with the third locking section 2323 toward the first locking section 2321.

[0145] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 10 As shown, the heated bed leveling structure also includes a washer 3. The first section 31 of the washer 3 is located at the bottom of the countersunk section 1111 and is used to support the protrusion 23231. The second section 32 of the washer 3 is located inside the through section 1112 and is fitted onto the second part.

[0146] Based on this, a fixing hole 2324 can be designed on the third locking segment 2323. The fixing hole 2324 is coaxial with the third locking segment 2323. The fixing hole 2324 extends from the end of the third locking segment 2323 away from the second locking segment 2322 toward the second locking segment 2322, so as to at least partially penetrate the second locking segment 2322.

[0147] In addition, in order to stably position the elastic element 231 in the support portion 212, in some embodiments, a first receiving groove 2122 can be formed on the support portion 212. The first receiving groove 2122 can be an annular groove, arranged around the second connecting hole 2121, with one end of the elastic element 231 abutting against the bottom of the annular groove, and part of the structure of the elastic element 231 located in the annular groove. However, considering that a large tilt may occur during the leveling process, in order to prevent the elastic element 231 from being over-compressed, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the first receiving groove 2122 can be further configured to include:

[0148] The annular groove segment 21221 is provided at intervals from the first connecting segment 21211 along the radial extension direction of the locking member 232;

[0149] The through groove section 21222 is radially connected to the second connecting section 21212 along the radial extension direction of the locking member 232, and one end of the elastic member 231 abuts against the bottom of the annular groove section 21221.

[0150] In other embodiments, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a second receiving groove 112 corresponding to the first receiving groove 2122 can be provided on the mounting part 11. The opening of the second receiving groove 112 faces the support part 212, and at least a part of the support part 212 is located in the second receiving groove 112. The other end of the elastic member 231 passes through the annular groove section 21221 and the through groove section 21222 in sequence and abuts against the bottom of the second receiving groove 112. This utility model does not limit the specific structure of the support part 212 located in the second receiving groove 112. For example, in some embodiments, the support part 212 can fall entirely into the second receiving groove 112 so that the sliding connector 21 is flush with the surface of the heated bed 1, avoiding the support part 212 protruding from the heated bed 1 and easily causing bump damage, while improving the overall aesthetics and compactness of the equipment.

[0151] In some implementations, reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a central hole 213 can also be provided at the geometric center of the sliding connector 21. The central hole 213 divides the sliding connector 21 into a support part 212 and a connecting part 211, making the support part 212 and the connecting part 211 symmetrically distributed about the central hole 213, ensuring the symmetry of their spatial layout. This symmetrical structure allows the elastic force transmitted by the support part 212 and the screw driving force borne by the connecting part 211 to form a balanced torque around the central hole 213 when the sliding connector 21 is under force, avoiding force bias caused by structural eccentricity, reducing the risk of deformation of the sliding connector 21, and extending its service life. The setting of the central hole 213 provides a precise positioning reference for the cooperation of the sliding connector 21 with other components. For example, the related structures of the Z-axis support rod 22 or the locking part 232 can be arranged along the axis of the central hole 213 to ensure the coaxiality of each component and reduce the radial force caused by assembly deviation.

[0152] By dividing the sliding connector 21 into a support portion 212 and a connecting portion 211, the two parts can perform different functions: the support portion 212 focuses on the elastic connection with the support plate of the heated bed 1, transmitting force through the elastic element 231 and forming a leveling gap 24; the connecting portion 211 focuses on the cooperation with the Z-axis support rod 22 and the optical axis to achieve axial drive and guidance. This functional division makes the structure of the sliding connector 21 more compact, and the size and strength of each part can be designed individually according to functional requirements. For example, the thickness of the support portion 212 can be increased to improve the load-bearing capacity, and the hole layout of the connecting portion 211 can be optimized to adapt to the transmission components, improving the overall structural rationality.

[0153] Furthermore, the presence of the central hole 213 reduces the material usage of the sliding connector 21, achieving a lightweight design while ensuring structural strength. This reduces the overall load on the Z-axis leveling mechanism 2, indirectly improving the efficiency of the motor 7 drive. Simultaneously, the interior of the central hole 213 can serve as space for wiring or to accommodate small sensors (such as sensors for detecting the position of the sliding connector 21), reserving a structural foundation for intelligent upgrades and enhancing the device's expandability. In addition, refer to... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a heated bed leveling structure can also be designed including a first optical axis 5. Correspondingly, a fourth connecting hole 2112 is opened on the connecting part 211, and the first optical axis 5 passes through the fourth connecting hole 2112. Specifically, the fourth connecting hole 2112 can be clearance-fitted or transition-fitted with the first optical axis 5 so that the heated bed 1 can move smoothly in the optical axis direction, providing a reliable mechanical basis for precise leveling.

[0154] Based on this, refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 7 As shown, a fifth connecting hole 2113 can also be opened on the connecting part 211. Correspondingly, a heated bed leveling structure including a second optical axis 6 can also be provided. The second optical axis 6 passes through the fifth connecting hole 2113 and is symmetrically arranged with the first optical axis 5 about the Z-axis support rod 22. The fifth connecting hole 2113 can be designed to have the same structure and diameter as the fourth connecting hole 2112. Correspondingly, the first optical axis 5 can be designed to have the same structure and diameter as the second optical axis 6. Therefore, it is conceivable that the fifth connecting hole 2113 can be designed to have a clearance fit or transition fit with the second optical axis 6, so that the heated bed 1 can move smoothly in the optical axis direction, providing a reliable mechanical basis for precise leveling.

[0155] The fifth connecting hole 2113 can be set according to the actual situation. For example, in some embodiments, the fifth connecting hole 2113 can be set in the connecting part 211 of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism, and the fifth connecting hole 2113 is not set in the connecting parts 211 of the other second Z-axis leveling mechanisms; or, the fifth connecting hole 2113 can be set in the connecting part 211 of one of the second Z-axis leveling mechanisms, and the fifth connecting hole 2113 is not set in the connecting parts 211 of the other second Z-axis leveling mechanisms and the connecting parts 211 of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism, so as to ensure effective support of the heated bed 1 while reducing production costs.

[0156] This invention also provides an additive manufacturing apparatus that can be used to manufacture solid parts or products by layer-by-layer deposition of materials (such as metals, plastics, ceramics, etc.) in fields such as industrial manufacturing, aerospace, medical and health, automotive and rail transportation, and education and arts. Those skilled in the art can select appropriate additive manufacturing equipment according to specific application scenarios; this invention does not impose specific limitations.

[0157] Regardless of the type of additive manufacturing equipment, the equipment may include the aforementioned heated bed leveling structure. The heated bed leveling structure has been described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0158] Based on this, refer to Figure 11 As shown, the additive manufacturing equipment includes a main frame 8. The main frame 8 is used to house the heated bed leveling structure. Specifically, a motor 7 is installed at the bottom of the main frame 8, and one end of the Z-axis support rod 22 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. The motor 7 drives the Z-axis support rod 22 to move in order to achieve the leveling of the heated bed 1.

[0159] In some implementations, a motor 7 can be set to control at least three Z-axis support rods 22 to achieve individual control and leveling of the Z-axis support rods 22.

[0160] It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in this invention. This invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented and performed in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications fall within the scope of this invention. It should be understood that the invention disclosed and defined herein extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or drawings. All these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of this invention. The embodiments described herein illustrate the best known mode for implementing this invention and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize this invention.

Claims

1. A heated bed leveling structure, characterized in that, Equipment for additive manufacturing includes: A heated bed and at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms; The heated bed includes mounting parts that correspond one-to-one with the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms; The at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms are used to support the heated bed, and each Z-axis leveling mechanism includes: a sliding connector, a Z-axis support rod, and an elastic connection assembly; The sliding connector includes a connecting part and a supporting part. The connecting part is movably mounted on the Z-axis support rod, and the supporting part has a supporting plane for supporting the heated bed. In the elastic connection assembly, the two axial ends of the elastic element abut against the mounting part and the support part, forming a leveling gap between the mounting part and the support part; When the connecting part moves along the Z-axis support rod, it drives the support part to rise and fall. By adjusting the height of the support plane, the heated bed can be made to reach a horizontal state.

2. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis leveling mechanism includes a first Z-axis leveling mechanism and a second Z-axis leveling mechanism. When the first Z-axis leveling mechanism is in the leveling state, the elastic element of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism undergoes a first deformation in the height extension direction of the Z-axis support rod, and a height difference is formed between the leveling gap of the second Z-axis leveling mechanism and the leveling gap of the first Z-axis leveling mechanism. The first Z-axis leveling mechanism is any one of the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms, and the second Z-axis leveling mechanism is any Z-axis leveling mechanism other than the first Z-axis leveling mechanism among the at least three Z-axis leveling mechanisms.

3. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a compression spring, and the leveling gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.

4. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting part is provided with a first connection hole; The support portion is provided with a second connecting hole; The elastic connection assembly includes a locking member that axially passes through the first connection hole, the elastic member, and the second connection hole in sequence.

5. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second connecting hole includes a first connecting segment and a second connecting segment. The diameter of the first connecting segment is smaller than the diameter of the second connecting segment, and a limiting shoulder is formed at the connection between the two. The locking component includes a first locking section and a second locking section coaxially arranged, and the two sections are connected by a transition slope. The first locking section is threadedly engaged with the first connecting section, and the first part of the second locking section extends into the second connecting section. The transition slope forms an axial limiting engagement with the limiting shoulder.

6. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first connecting hole includes a countersunk section and a through section, wherein the diameter of the countersunk section is larger than the diameter of the through section; The locking member further includes a third locking section connecting the second locking section. The cross-sectional width of the third locking section is greater than the cross-sectional width of the second locking section. Along the radial extension direction of the locking member, the portion of the third locking section that is larger than the second locking section forms a protrusion. The protrusion is located in the countersunk section, and the second locking section is located in the through section, with a second portion extending from the connection point with the third locking section toward the first locking section. The heated bed leveling structure also includes a washer, the first section of which is located at the bottom of the countersunk section and is used to support the protrusion, and the second section of which is located inside the through-hole section and fitted onto the second part.

7. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third locking segment has a fixing hole, which is coaxial with the third locking segment and extends from the end of the third locking segment away from the second locking segment toward the second locking segment, so as to at least partially penetrate the second locking segment.

8. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support portion is provided with a first receiving groove, the first receiving groove comprising: The annular groove segment is radially spaced from the first connecting segment along the radial extension direction of the locking member; The through groove section is radially connected to the second connecting section along the radial extension direction of the locking member, and one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom of the annular groove section.

9. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting part has a second receiving groove corresponding to the first receiving groove. The opening of the second receiving groove faces the support part. At least a part of the support part is located in the second receiving groove. The other end of the elastic member passes through the annular groove section and the through groove section in sequence and abuts against the bottom of the second receiving groove.

10. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third connection hole is provided on the connecting part; The heated bed leveling structure also includes a brass nut, which is disposed in the third connecting hole and is movably connected to the Z-axis support rod.

11. The heated bed leveling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heated bed leveling structure includes at least one optical axis. The connecting part is also provided with a fourth connecting hole that corresponds one-to-one with at least one optical axis, and the optical axis passes through the fourth connecting hole.

12. The heated bed leveling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The heated bed leveling structure includes at least three motors, each motor being configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the Z-axis leveling mechanism and driving the Z-axis support rod in the corresponding Z-axis leveling mechanism to rotate.

13. An additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that, The additive manufacturing equipment includes: a main frame and a heated bed leveling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the main frame is used to accommodate the heated bed leveling structure.

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