A guide vane opening adjusting structure of a hydraulic turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide vane opening degree adjusting structure of water turbine belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, including control ring and servomotor, the control ring is connected with the guide vane through connecting rod structure, be equipped with piston rod on the servomotor, and the end of piston rod is installed with piston rod prong, be equipped with connecting seat on the control ring, the piston rod prong is rotatably connected with connecting seat, still include movable limiting assembly, movable limiting assembly includes movable limiting block, through a plurality of movable limiting block, can be positioned to the guide vane opening degree of water turbine, through increasing or reducing movable limiting block, can adjust the maximum opening degree of water turbine guide vane, and then under the condition of high water head and low water head makes the maximum opening degree of water turbine guide vane different, in the prior art, when water turbine is in low water head, the unit efficiency is lower, when high water head, the centrifugal load of rotating part is bigger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Propeller turbines are typically used in power plants with large head variations, where the output and efficiency are relatively lower at low heads. Currently, some power plants require maximum output at low heads, leading to larger maximum guide vane openings and higher hydraulic efficiency at low heads. This results in extremely high runaway speeds for propeller turbines in non-coupling operation, significantly increasing centrifugal loads on rotating components at high heads, potentially posing safety hazards.

[0003] For example, the "Pump and Turbine Guide Vane Position Measurement Device and Method" disclosed in Chinese patent literature, with publication number CN106968875A, includes a fixed bottom ring and a control ring that can be controlled to rotate. A flat guide vane is connected between the two. The control ring's left and right rotation drives each guide vane to open or close synchronously. A high-precision laser rangefinder sensor is fixed to the casing of the servo motor, and a guide vane position reference plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod. The drawback of this patent is that the maximum opening of the guide vane cannot be adjusted. At low water heads, the unit efficiency is low, and at high water heads, the centrifugal load on the rotating parts is large, posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art where turbines have low efficiency at low heads and high centrifugal loads on rotating components at high heads. It provides a turbine guide vane opening adjustment structure that adjusts the maximum opening of the turbine to allow for different maximum openings at high and low heads. At low heads, increasing the maximum guide vane opening improves efficiency, while at high heads, decreasing the maximum guide vane opening reduces runaway speed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This utility model discloses a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine, comprising a control ring and a relay. The control ring is connected to the guide vane via a connecting rod structure. The relay is provided with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork is installed at the end of the piston rod. The control ring is provided with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. It also includes a movable limiting component, which includes a movable limiting block.

[0006] In this application, the opening of the turbine guide vanes can be limited by a number of movable limit blocks. By increasing or decreasing the movable limit blocks, the maximum opening of the turbine guide vanes can be adjusted, thereby making the maximum opening of the turbine guide vanes different under high head and low head conditions, thus improving the safety of high head operation while improving the hydraulic efficiency at low head.

[0007] Preferably, the movable limiting assembly is installed between the servo motor and the piston rod fork.

[0008] Preferably, the movable limiting block is U-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the movable limiting block has an open structure.

[0010] Preferably, this application also includes a fixed limiting block located inside the control ring, and the inner side of the control ring is also provided with a limiting part, and the movable limiting component is installed between the limiting part and the fixed limiting block.

[0011] Preferably, the outer arc surface of the movable limiting block is adapted to the inner surface of the control ring.

[0012] Preferably, this application also includes an adjustment drive structure, which includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a movable limit block.

[0013] Preferably, the movable limiting block is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle part and a second buckle part, and two adjacent movable limiting blocks are connected through the first buckle part and the second buckle part.

[0014] Preferably, the movable limiting component also includes a cushioning pad.

[0015] Preferably, the movable limiting component also includes a contact sensor or a micro switch.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) By adjusting the maximum opening of the turbine, the turbine can have different maximum openings when running at high head and low head. When running at low head, the efficiency can be improved by increasing the maximum opening of the guide vanes, and when running at high head, the speed can be reduced by decreasing the maximum opening of the guide vanes; (2) By adjusting the drive structure, the operator can adjust the turbine without having to do so manually. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view structural diagram of one or two embodiments of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial side view structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1 Control ring 2 Relay device 3 Guide vane 4 Push rod 5 Swing arm 6 Piston rod fork 7 Movable limit block 8 Buffer pad 9 Detection assembly 10 Adjustment drive structure 11 Limiting part 12 Fixed limit block Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine includes a control ring 1 and a relay 2. The control ring 1 is connected to guide vanes 3 via a connecting rod structure. There are several guide vanes 3, evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the control ring 1. The number of connecting rods is the same as the number of guide vanes 3 and corresponds one-to-one with each guide vane 3. Each connecting rod structure includes a push rod 4 and a swing arm 5. The swing arm 5 is coaxially arranged with the guide vanes 3 and rotates synchronously with them. The end of the swing arm 5 furthest from the rotation center is rotatably connected to the push rod 4. One end of the push rod 4 is connected to the swing arm 5, while the other end is hinged to the control ring 1. The relay 2 is equipped with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork 6 is mounted at the end of the piston rod. The control ring 1 is equipped with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. There are two ways to connect the piston rod fork 6 to the connecting seat: First, one end of the connecting seat is located outside the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the radial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process; Second, the piston rod fork 6 is located on the upper or lower side of the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the axial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process.

[0024] This application also includes an active limit component, which comprises one or more active limit blocks 7. The number of active limit blocks 7 is determined by the required operating state, and the minimum number of active limit blocks 7 is one. The presence or absence of active limit blocks 7 corresponds to the operating states of high head and low head, respectively. However, in actual use, since there are not only two states—high head and low head—but also states such as relatively high head, relatively low head, or a relatively intermediate value, multiple active limit blocks 7 can be set to further differentiate between these states and address different situations. When multiple active limit blocks 7 are set, adding more active limit blocks 7 corresponds to a higher head, while adding fewer active limit blocks 7, up to and including the absence of active limit blocks 7, corresponds to a lower head.

[0025] The movable limiting component can be installed in various positions. In this embodiment, the movable limiting component is installed between the servo 2 and the piston rod fork 6. The movable limiting block 7 is U-shaped, and its lower end has an open structure that gradually increases in size from top to bottom. The movable limiting block 7 can be installed on the piston rod from top to bottom, and even if there is a certain positional offset in the radial direction of the piston rod, it can still be installed smoothly due to the open structure.

[0026] The movable limiting block 7 is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle portion and a second buckle portion. Two adjacent movable limiting blocks 7 are connected through the first buckle portion and the second buckle portion. The first buckle portion is a protrusion, and the second buckle portion is a groove adapted to the protrusion.

[0027] The movable limiting component also includes a buffer pad 8, which can be installed on the piston rod fork 6 or on the movable limiting block 7. Its function is to prevent a large impact force between the piston rod fork 6 and the movable limiting block 7 when the opening of the guide vane 3 changes rapidly, thereby extending its service life.

[0028] The movable limit assembly also includes a detection component 9, which includes a contact sensor or a micro switch. The contact sensor or micro switch is mounted on the piston rod fork 6. When the piston rod fork 6 contacts the contact sensor or micro switch, a signal is generated. This signal indicates that the guide vane 3 is currently at its maximum opening, facilitating monitoring by relevant personnel. For example, under low head conditions, if the guide vane 3 is already at its maximum opening but the turbine power is still insufficient, personnel can control the movable limit assembly to further increase the maximum opening of the guide vane 3.

[0029] Example 2, as Figure 1-2As shown, a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine includes a control ring 1 and a relay 2. The control ring 1 is connected to guide vanes 3 via a connecting rod structure. There are several guide vanes 3, evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the control ring 1. The number of connecting rods is the same as the number of guide vanes 3 and corresponds one-to-one with each guide vane 3. Each connecting rod structure includes a push rod 4 and a swing arm 5. The swing arm 5 is coaxially arranged with the guide vanes 3 and rotates synchronously with them. The end of the swing arm 5 furthest from the rotation center is rotatably connected to the push rod 4. One end of the push rod 4 is connected to the swing arm 5, while the other end is hinged to the control ring 1. The relay 2 is equipped with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork 6 is mounted at the end of the piston rod. The control ring 1 is equipped with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. There are two ways to connect the piston rod fork 6 to the connecting seat: First, one end of the connecting seat is located outside the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the radial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process; Second, the piston rod fork 6 is located on the upper or lower side of the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the axial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process.

[0030] This application also includes an active limit component, which comprises one or more active limit blocks 7. The number of active limit blocks 7 is determined by the required operating state, and the minimum number of active limit blocks 7 is one. The presence or absence of active limit blocks 7 corresponds to the operating states of high head and low head, respectively. However, in actual use, since there are not only two states—high head and low head—but also states such as relatively high head, relatively low head, or a relatively intermediate value, multiple active limit blocks 7 can be set to further differentiate between these states and address different situations. When multiple active limit blocks 7 are set, adding more active limit blocks 7 corresponds to a higher head, while adding fewer active limit blocks 7, up to and including the absence of active limit blocks 7, corresponds to a lower head.

[0031] The movable limiting component can be installed in various positions. In this embodiment, the movable limiting component is installed between the servo 2 and the piston rod fork 6. The movable limiting block 7 is U-shaped, and its lower end has an open structure that gradually increases in size from top to bottom. The movable limiting block 7 can be installed on the piston rod from top to bottom, and even if there is a certain positional offset in the radial direction of the piston rod, it can still be installed smoothly due to the open structure.

[0032] This application also includes an adjustment drive structure 10, which includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable limiting block 7. In this embodiment, the adjustment drive structure 10 is located above the relay 2. The adjustment drive structure 10 also includes a mounting base, on which a cylinder is mounted on each side. Both cylinders are equipped with the telescopic rod. The extension and retraction of the telescopic rod can control the movable limiting block 7 to be mounted on or dismounted from the piston rod.

[0033] The movable limiting block 7 is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle portion and a second buckle portion. Two adjacent movable limiting blocks 7 are connected through the first buckle portion and the second buckle portion. The first buckle portion is a protrusion, and the second buckle portion is a groove adapted to the protrusion.

[0034] The movable limiting component also includes a buffer pad 8, which can be installed on the piston rod fork 6 or on the movable limiting block 7. Its function is to prevent a large impact force between the piston rod fork 6 and the movable limiting block 7 when the opening of the guide vane 3 changes rapidly, thereby extending its service life.

[0035] The movable limit assembly also includes a contact sensor or a micro switch, which is mounted on the piston rod fork 6. When the piston rod fork 6 contacts the contact sensor or micro switch, a signal is generated. This signal indicates that the guide vane 3 is currently at its maximum opening, facilitating monitoring by relevant personnel. For example, under low head conditions, if the guide vane 3 is already at its maximum opening but the turbine power is still insufficient, personnel can control the movable limit assembly to further increase the maximum opening of the guide vane 3.

[0036] Example 3, as Figure 3As shown, a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine includes a control ring 1 and a relay 2. The control ring 1 is connected to guide vanes 3 via a connecting rod structure. There are several guide vanes 3, evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the control ring 1. The number of connecting rods is the same as the number of guide vanes 3 and corresponds one-to-one with each guide vane 3. Each connecting rod structure includes a push rod 4 and a swing arm 5. The swing arm 5 is coaxially arranged with the guide vanes 3 and rotates synchronously with them. The end of the swing arm 5 furthest from the rotation center is rotatably connected to the push rod 4. One end of the push rod 4 is connected to the swing arm 5, while the other end is hinged to the control ring 1. The relay 2 is equipped with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork 6 is mounted at the end of the piston rod. The control ring 1 is equipped with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. There are two ways to connect the piston rod fork 6 to the connecting seat: First, one end of the connecting seat is located outside the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the radial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process; Second, the piston rod fork 6 is located on the upper or lower side of the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the axial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process.

[0037] This application also includes an active limit component, which comprises one or more active limit blocks 7. The number of active limit blocks 7 is determined by the required operating state, and the minimum number of active limit blocks 7 is one. The presence or absence of active limit blocks 7 corresponds to the operating states of high head and low head, respectively. However, in actual use, since there are not only two states—high head and low head—but also states such as relatively high head, relatively low head, or a relatively intermediate value, multiple active limit blocks 7 can be set to further differentiate between these states and address different situations. When multiple active limit blocks 7 are set, adding more active limit blocks 7 corresponds to a higher head, while adding fewer active limit blocks 7, up to and including the absence of active limit blocks 7, corresponds to a lower head.

[0038] The installation position of the movable limiting component can be designed in several ways. In this embodiment, the movable limiting component is installed between the limiting part 11 and the fixed limiting block 12. The limiting part 11 is located inside the control ring 1 and is integral with the control ring 1. The fixed limiting block 12 is located inside the control ring 1 but is separate from the control ring 1. The position of the fixed limiting block 12 is not affected by the rotation of the control ring 1. The outer arc surface of the movable limiting block 7 is adapted to the inner surface of the control ring 1.

[0039] The movable limiting block 7 is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle portion and a second buckle portion. Two adjacent movable limiting blocks 7 are connected through the first buckle portion and the second buckle portion. The first buckle portion is a protrusion, and the second buckle portion is a groove adapted to the protrusion.

[0040] The movable limiting component also includes a buffer pad 8, which can be installed on the piston rod fork 6 or on the movable limiting block 7. Its function is to prevent a large impact force between the piston rod fork 6 and the movable limiting block 7 when the opening of the guide vane 3 changes rapidly, thereby extending its service life.

[0041] The movable limit assembly also includes a contact sensor or a micro switch, which is mounted on the piston rod fork 6. When the piston rod fork 6 contacts the contact sensor or micro switch, a signal is generated. This signal indicates that the guide vane 3 is currently at its maximum opening, facilitating monitoring by relevant personnel. For example, under low head conditions, if the guide vane 3 is already at its maximum opening but the turbine power is still insufficient, personnel can control the movable limit assembly to further increase the maximum opening of the guide vane 3.

[0042] Example 4, as Figure 4 As shown, a guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine includes a control ring 1 and a relay 2. The control ring 1 is connected to guide vanes 3 via a connecting rod structure. There are several guide vanes 3, evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the control ring 1. The number of connecting rods is the same as the number of guide vanes 3 and corresponds one-to-one with each guide vane 3. Each connecting rod structure includes a push rod 4 and a swing arm 5. The swing arm 5 is coaxially arranged with the guide vanes 3 and rotates synchronously with them. The end of the swing arm 5 furthest from the rotation center is rotatably connected to the push rod 4. One end of the push rod 4 is connected to the swing arm 5, while the other end is hinged to the control ring 1. The relay 2 is equipped with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork 6 is mounted at the end of the piston rod. The control ring 1 is equipped with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork 6 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. There are two ways to connect the piston rod fork 6 to the connecting seat: First, one end of the connecting seat is located outside the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the radial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process; Second, the piston rod fork 6 is located on the upper or lower side of the control ring 1, and the positional deviation in the axial direction is used to avoid interference between the piston rod and the control ring 1 during the extension and retraction process.

[0043] This application also includes an active limit component, which comprises one or more active limit blocks 7. The number of active limit blocks 7 is determined by the required operating state, and the minimum number of active limit blocks 7 is one. The presence or absence of active limit blocks 7 corresponds to the operating states of high head and low head, respectively. However, in actual use, since there are not only two states—high head and low head—but also states such as relatively high head, relatively low head, or a relatively intermediate value, multiple active limit blocks 7 can be set to further differentiate between these states and address different situations. When multiple active limit blocks 7 are set, adding more active limit blocks 7 corresponds to a higher head, while adding fewer active limit blocks 7, up to and including the absence of active limit blocks 7, corresponds to a lower head.

[0044] The installation position of the movable limiting component can be designed in several ways. In this embodiment, the movable limiting component is installed between the limiting part 11 and the fixed limiting block 12. The limiting part 11 is located inside the control ring 1 and is integral with the control ring 1. The fixed limiting block 12 is located inside the control ring 1 but is separate from the control ring 1. The position of the fixed limiting block 12 is not affected by the rotation of the control ring 1. The outer arc surface of the movable limiting block 7 is adapted to the inner surface of the control ring 1.

[0045] This application also includes an adjustment drive structure 10, which includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the movable limiting block 7. In this embodiment, the adjustment drive structure 10 is located inside the controller. The adjustment drive structure 10 also includes a mounting base, on which cylinders corresponding to the number of movable limiting blocks 7 are mounted. Each cylinder is equipped with the telescopic rod. By extending or retracting the telescopic rod, the movable limiting block 7 can be controlled to be installed onto or disengaged from the movement path of the limiting part 11.

[0046] The movable limiting block 7 is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle portion and a second buckle portion. Two adjacent movable limiting blocks 7 are connected through the first buckle portion and the second buckle portion. The first buckle portion is a protrusion, and the second buckle portion is a groove adapted to the protrusion.

[0047] The movable limiting component also includes a buffer pad 8, which can be installed on the piston rod fork 6 or on the movable limiting block 7. Its function is to prevent a large impact force between the piston rod fork 6 and the movable limiting block 7 when the opening of the guide vane 3 changes rapidly, thereby extending its service life.

[0048] The movable limit assembly also includes a contact sensor or a micro switch, which is mounted on the piston rod fork 6. When the piston rod fork 6 contacts the contact sensor or micro switch, a signal is generated. This signal indicates that the guide vane 3 is currently at its maximum opening, facilitating monitoring by relevant personnel. For example, under low head conditions, if the guide vane 3 is already at its maximum opening but the turbine power is still insufficient, personnel can control the movable limit assembly to further increase the maximum opening of the guide vane 3.

Claims

1. A guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine, comprising a control ring and a servo mechanism, wherein the control ring is connected to the guide vane via a linkage structure, characterized in that, The relay is equipped with a piston rod, and a piston rod fork is installed at the end of the piston rod. The control ring is equipped with a connecting seat, and the piston rod fork is rotatably connected to the connecting seat. It also includes a movable limiting component, which includes a movable limiting block.

2. The guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable limiting component is installed between the servo motor and the piston rod fork.

3. The guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aforementioned movable limit block is U-shaped.

4. The guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the movable limiting block is provided with an open structure.

5. The guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed limiting block located inside the control ring, and the inner side of the control ring is also provided with a limiting part, and the movable limiting component is installed between the limiting part and the fixed limiting block.

6. The guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer arc surface of the movable limiting block is adapted to the inner surface of the control ring.

7. A guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment drive structure, which includes a telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to a movable limit block.

8. A guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The movable limiting block is provided with a buckle structure, which includes a first buckle part and a second buckle part. Two adjacent movable limiting blocks are connected through the first buckle part and the second buckle part.

9. A guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The active limiting component also includes a cushioning pad.

10. A guide vane opening adjustment structure for a water turbine according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The movable limit component also includes a contact sensor or a micro switch.

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