A fixing tool for processing aviation precision cast parts

Abstract

This application discloses a fixed fixture for machining precision-cast aerospace parts, comprising: a base; a rotating support assembly, including a support plate for holding the precision-cast part and a drive component for driving it to rotate around a first horizontal axis; two support assemblies symmetrically arranged on the base and jointly supporting the rotating support assembly, each support assembly including a bracket and at least one radial limiting roller group and at least one axial clamping roller arranged on the bracket; and two fastening assemblies respectively arranged at both ends of the support plate along the first horizontal axis for clamping both ends of the precision-cast part. This application can achieve stable clamping of the precision-cast part and can precisely adjust its spatial angle in two directions, thereby facilitating the machining of different parts of the precision-cast part while ensuring rigidity and stability during the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aerospace component manufacturing technology, and in particular to a fixed tooling for machining precision-cast aerospace components. Background Technology

[0002] Precision-cast aerospace components typically have very complex structures, featuring intricate curved surfaces, irregular shapes, and stringent tolerance requirements. After precision casting, they often require multiple machining processes, including grinding, polishing, drilling, and inspection.

[0003] In these processing steps, the key to ensuring processing quality and efficiency lies in how to stably and reliably fix the precision castings and how to conveniently and accurately adjust their spatial angles to place the parts to be processed in the optimal processing posture. Existing fixtures commonly used in the field often suffer from the following problems:

[0004] Angle adjustment mechanisms are often rudimentary, with low adjustment accuracy and insufficient rigidity after locking. They are prone to vibration or displacement when subjected to processing forces, which affects processing accuracy.

[0005] For parts that require machining at multiple angles, the center of gravity of the tooling may change when adjusted to certain specific angles. If the support structure is not properly designed, it will affect the stability of the entire system and pose a safety hazard.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a fixture that can provide stable support, enable precise angle adjustment with multiple degrees of freedom, and has good rigidity and versatility for machining precision-cast aerospace parts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a fixed fixture for machining precision-cast parts of aerospace in order to solve the above problems. It can stably clamp the precision-cast parts and accurately adjust their spatial angles in two directions, thereby facilitating the machining of different parts of the precision-cast parts while ensuring rigidity and stability during the machining process.

[0008] This application achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A fixed fixture for machining precision-cast aerospace parts includes:

[0010] Base;

[0011] The rotating assembly includes a support plate for setting the precision casting and a drive member for driving it to rotate about a first horizontal axis;

[0012] Two support components are symmetrically arranged on the base and jointly support the load-bearing rotary component. The support component includes a bracket and at least one radial limiting roller group and at least one axial pressing roller arranged on the bracket.

[0013] Two fastening components are respectively disposed at both ends of the support plate along the first horizontal axis, for clamping both ends of the precision casting; and

[0014] Two second driving members are respectively disposed at both ends of the support plate, and are used to drive the corresponding fastening assembly to rotate around a second horizontal axis, the second horizontal axis being perpendicular to the first horizontal axis;

[0015] The spatial angle of the fixed precision casting can be adjusted by rotating the bearing rotary assembly and the fastening assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the load-bearing rotary assembly further includes:

[0017] An anti-displacement structure fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bearing plate;

[0018] The driving component includes a first motor and a drive wheel driven by the first motor;

[0019] The radial limiting roller group of the supporting component is in contact with both sides of the anti-offset structure to limit the radial displacement of the bearing plate;

[0020] The driving wheel engages with or frictionally drives the driven structure disposed on the anti-deviation structure to drive the bearing plate to rotate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the anti-displacement structure is an anti-displacement strip continuously arranged along the circumference of the bearing plate;

[0022] The driven structure is a toothed ring fixedly mounted on the anti-deviation strip;

[0023] The driving wheel is a gear that meshes with the gear ring.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the anti-deviation strip is an isosceles trapezoid;

[0025] The radial limiting roller group includes two anti-deviation rollers, and the roller surfaces of the two anti-deviation rollers are respectively attached to the two waist surfaces of the anti-deviation strip.

[0026] In some embodiments, the axial pressing roller is a pressure roller, and the roller surface of the pressure roller is in contact with the inner side surface of the support plate to limit the axial movement of the support plate.

[0027] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly includes:

[0028] A rotary table is connected to the output end of the second driving component;

[0029] A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably mounted on the rotary table;

[0030] A fastening motor is mounted on the rotary table to drive the bidirectional lead screw to rotate;

[0031] Two sliders are symmetrically connected to the two reverse threads of the bidirectional lead screw via threaded connections; and

[0032] Two clamping units are connected to the two sliders respectively, so that when the bidirectional lead screw rotates, the two clamping units can move synchronously towards or away from each other to clamp or release the precision casting.

[0033] In some embodiments, the clamping unit includes:

[0034] A clamping block, fixedly connected to the slider, extends upward through an elongated hole in the rotating platform; and

[0035] A pressure block, fixedly connected to the top of the clamping block, is used to press down on the precision casting placed on the top surface of the rotary table.

[0036] In some embodiments, the support plate is semi-circular.

[0037] Compared with existing technologies, this application achieves angle adjustment of the precision casting around two vertical axes by rotating the support plate and the fastening components, covering most of the required processing postures and has strong versatility.

[0038] The system employs symmetrically distributed support components, combined with special anti-deviation strips and V-shaped surfaces of anti-deviation rollers, as well as axial limiting of pressure rollers, to form a stable support system with multiple constraints. This effectively suppresses vibration and deviation during processing, ensuring processing accuracy.

[0039] It adopts motor-driven gear-ring transmission and motor-driven bidirectional ball screw transmission, which provides precise transmission, good controllability, and facilitates automated control.

[0040] The fastening assembly uses a method of simultaneous clamping and pressing from both sides, resulting in uniform clamping force and reliable fixation, making it suitable for irregularly shaped and complex precision castings.

[0041] The semi-circular support plate and symmetrical layout make the tooling structure compact, the center of gravity stable, and space-saving. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present application, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-offset strip structure of this application.

[0045] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0046] 1. Bearing plate; 2. Anti-deviation strip; 3. Anti-deviation roller; 4. Pressure roller; 5. Support; 6. First motor; 7. Gear; 8. Base; 9. Rotary table; 10. Second motor; 11. Fastening motor; 12. Two-way lead screw; 13. Slider; 14. Long hole; 15. Clamping block; 16. Pressure block; 17. Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the appendix. Figure 1 This description is provided for the convenience of describing this application and for the purpose of simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0049] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a fixed fixture for machining precision-cast aerospace parts mainly consists of a base 8, a load-bearing rotation component, two support components, two fastening components, and two second motors 10.

[0050] In some embodiments, the base 8 and the support assembly:

[0051] The base 8 serves as the foundation platform for the entire tooling and is typically made of a rigid metal material (such as steel plate or cast iron) and fixed to the processing site with anchor bolts. An mounting surface is provided on its upper part for securing the two support components.

[0052] The two support components are identical in structure and are symmetrically mounted on the base 8, one on each side, to jointly support the entire load-bearing rotating assembly. Each support component includes a robust bracket 5. The bracket 5 is adjustablely mounted on the base 8 by bolts, facilitating centering and leveling adjustments during installation. At the top of the bracket 5, two anti-deviation rollers 3 and a pressure roller 4 are mounted.

[0053] The axes of the two anti-deviation rollers 3 are parallel to the first horizontal axis (i.e., the rotation axis of the bearing plate 1), and their installation positions are precisely calculated to form a V-shaped support opening. The anti-deviation rollers 3 are supported by high-precision bearings to ensure flexible rotation.

[0054] The pressure roller 4 is located above the inner side of the two anti-deviation rollers 3, and its axis is also parallel to the first horizontal axis. The installation position of the pressure roller 4 allows its roller surface to remain in contact with the inner side of the bearing plate 1 (i.e., the side facing away from the precision casting).

[0055] In some embodiments, the rotating component is carried out as follows:

[0056] The load-bearing rotary assembly is the core component for achieving the first degree of freedom of rotation (around the first horizontal axis). It mainly consists of a semi-circular load-bearing plate 1 and a drive system. The load-bearing plate 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or structural steel, minimizing weight while ensuring rigidity.

[0057] Anti-deviation strips 2 are fixed to the outer arc wall of the support plate 1 by welding or bolting. The anti-deviation strips 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support plate 1. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the anti-deviation strip 2 is designed as an isosceles trapezoid. This design is crucial. The left and right sides of each anti-deviation strip 2 are precisely in contact with the roller surfaces of the two anti-deviation rollers 3 of the corresponding side support assembly. This "V-groove" fit allows the anti-deviation rollers 3 to not only bear the vertical load of the support plate 1 and all its components, but also, through inclined contact, effectively limit the radial movement of the support plate 1 in any direction in the horizontal plane, thus playing a role in precise guidance and anti-deviation.

[0058] The drive system is used to drive the carrier plate 1 to rotate. It includes a first motor 6, a gear 7, and a gear ring 17. The first motor 6 (preferably a servo motor or a stepper motor) is fixedly mounted on the base 8 via a motor mount. The gear 7 is mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 6. A gear ring 17 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the anti-deviation strip 2. The gear ring 17 is machined synchronously with the anti-deviation strip 2 or installed later to ensure that its pitch circle is coaxial with the rotation axis of the carrier plate 1. The gear 7 and the gear ring 17 form a meshing transmission relationship. When the first motor 6 starts, it drives the gear 7 to rotate, and through the gear-gear ring meshing, it transmits power to the anti-deviation strip 2, thereby driving the entire carrier plate 1 to rotate smoothly and accurately around its axis.

[0059] Mounting portions are provided at both ends of the bearing plate 1 (i.e., at both ends of the semi-circular diameter) for mounting fastening components and the second motor 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly and the second drive member:

[0061] Two fastening assemblies are respectively installed at both ends of the support plate 1, and they are the components that directly clamp the precision casting 18. Each fastening assembly mainly includes a rotary table 9, a fastening motor 11, a two-way lead screw 12, two sliders 13, two clamping blocks 15 and two pressure blocks 16.

[0062] The rotary table 9 is generally a hollow box structure with a flat mounting surface on top to support the end of the precision casting 18. The rotary table 9 is rotatably mounted on the mounting part at the end of the support plate 1 via bearings and other structures, and its axis of rotation forms a second horizontal axis perpendicular to the first horizontal axis.

[0063] The second motor 10 (preferably a servo motor or stepper motor) is fixedly mounted at the end of the support plate 1, and its output shaft is connected to the rotation center of the rotary table 9, for directly driving the rotary table 9 to rotate precisely around the second horizontal axis. The two second motors 10 are coaxially opposite each other and can operate synchronously to ensure that the rotation angles at both ends are consistent.

[0064] The bidirectional lead screw 12 is horizontally installed in the internal cavity of the rotary table 9 through a bearing housing, with its two ends supported on the side walls of the rotary table 9. The middle part of the bidirectional lead screw 12 is a smooth shaft, and the two sides are machined with threads in opposite directions.

[0065] The fastening motor 11 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotary table 9 by a bracket, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the bidirectional lead screw 12 by a coupling to drive the bidirectional lead screw 12 to rotate in both directions.

[0066] The two sliders 13 have threaded holes machined inside to match the threads on both sides of the double-acting lead screw 12, and they are screwed onto the two reverse threads of the double-acting lead screw 12 respectively. On the top plane of the rotary table 9, two parallel elongated holes 14 are provided along its length.

[0067] The lower parts of the two clamping blocks 15 are fixedly connected to the corresponding sliders 13, while the upper parts extend upward through the elongated holes 14 to the top surface of the rotary table 9. A pressure block 16 is fixed to the top of each clamping block 15 by bolts or welding. The bottom surface of the pressure block 16 can typically be designed to be serrated or have an anti-slip pad attached to increase friction.

[0068] The working process of this fixed fixture is as follows:

[0069] Loading and initial positioning: Place the two ends of the precision casting 18 (such as a turbine casing) to be processed smoothly on the top surfaces of the two rotary tables 9, and roughly center them.

[0070] Clamping the precision casting: The two clamping motors 11 are activated, driving their respective bidirectional lead screws 12 to rotate. Since the threads at both ends of the bidirectional lead screws 12 rotate in opposite directions, the two sliders 13, carrying their respective clamping blocks 15 and pressure blocks 16, move synchronously towards the center along the guide of the elongated hole 14. When the pressure block 16 moves above the clamping position of the precision casting 18, it continues to move, and the bottom surface of the pressure block 16 presses against the upper surface of the precision casting 18, while the lower surface of the precision casting 18 is supported by the top surface of the rotary table 9, thus firmly fixing the precision casting 18 in place through the clamping force from both sides. This process is performed synchronously on both sides, ensuring a balanced clamping force.

[0071] Angle Adjustment 1 (around the second horizontal axis): When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the precision casting 18 around the second horizontal axis (i.e., the axis of the rotary table 9), the two second motors 10 are started at the same time to drive the two rotary tables 9 together with the fixed precision casting 18 to rotate synchronously until the first part to be processed on the precision casting 18 is facing the direction of the processing tool (such as a milling cutter or drill bit).

[0072] Angle Adjustment Two (around the First Horizontal Axis): When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the precision casting 18 around the first horizontal axis (i.e., the axis of the support plate 1), the first motor 6 is started. Through the transmission of the gear 7 and the gear ring 17, the entire support plate 1 and all its components (including the two fastening assemblies and the precision casting 18) are driven to rotate together around the first horizontal axis. This adjustment can change the tilt angle of the precision casting 18.

[0073] Combined Adjustment and Machining: By combining the two rotational degrees of freedom mentioned above, almost all complex curved surfaces or hole positions on the precision casting 18 can be adjusted to the optimal machining posture. Throughout the adjustment and subsequent machining process, the support components always provide stable support: the anti-deviation roller 3 resists radial deviation caused by gravity or machining force by adhering to the inclined surface of the anti-deviation strip 2; the pressure roller 4 prevents axial movement of the entire rotating component by adhering to the inner side of the bearing plate 1. This multi-limiting mechanism ensures that the tooling system maintains extremely high rigidity and stability even under heavy load or intermittent cutting conditions.

[0074] Processing Completion and Unloading: After processing one part, steps 3 and 4 can be repeated to move to the next processing part. After all processing is completed, reverse the fastening motor 11 to drive the clamping block 15 and pressure block 16 to release the precision casting, which can then be removed.

[0075] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this application as claimed. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixed tooling for machining precision-cast aerospace parts, characterized in that, include: Base (8); The rotating assembly includes a support plate (1) for setting the precision casting and a drive for driving it to rotate about a first horizontal axis; Two support components are symmetrically arranged on the base (8) and jointly support the load-bearing rotary component. The support component includes a bracket (5) and at least one radial limiting roller group and at least one axial pressing roller arranged on the bracket (5). Two fastening components are respectively disposed at both ends of the bearing plate (1) along the first horizontal axis, for clamping both ends of the precision casting; as well as Two second driving members are respectively disposed at both ends of the support plate (1) for driving the corresponding fastening assembly to rotate around the second horizontal axis, the second horizontal axis being perpendicular to the first horizontal axis; The spatial angle of the fixed precision casting can be adjusted by rotating the bearing rotary assembly and the fastening assembly.

2. The fixture of claim 1, wherein The load-bearing rotary assembly also includes: An anti-displacement structure fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bearing plate (1); The driving component includes a first motor (6) and a drive wheel driven by the first motor (6); The radial limiting roller group of the supporting component is in contact with both sides of the anti-offset structure to limit the radial displacement of the bearing plate (1); The driving wheel engages with or frictionally drives the driven structure disposed on the anti-deviation structure to drive the bearing plate (1) to rotate.

3. The fixed fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-offset structure is an anti-offset strip (2) continuously arranged along the circumference of the bearing plate (1); The driven structure is a toothed ring (17) fixedly installed on the anti-deviation strip (2); The driving wheel is a gear (7) that meshes with the gear ring (17).

4. The fixture of claim 3, wherein The cross-section of the anti-deviation strip (2) is an isosceles trapezoid; The radial limiting roller group includes two anti-deviation rollers (3), and the roller surfaces of the two anti-deviation rollers (3) are respectively attached to the two waist surfaces of the anti-deviation strip (2).

5. The fixture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The axial pressing roller is a pressure roller (4), and the roller surface of the pressure roller (4) is in contact with the inner side surface of the bearing plate (1) to restrict the axial movement of the bearing plate (1).

6. The fixture of claim 1, wherein The fastening assembly includes: The rotary table (9) is connected to the output end of the second drive unit; A bidirectional lead screw (12) is rotatably mounted on the rotary table (9); A fastening motor (11) is mounted on the rotary table (9) for driving the bidirectional lead screw (12) to rotate; Two sliders (13) are symmetrically connected by threads to two reverse threads on the two-way lead screw (12); and Two clamping units are connected to the two sliders (13) respectively, so that when the bidirectional lead screw (12) rotates, the two clamping units can move synchronously towards or away from each other to clamp or release the precision casting.

7. The fixture of claim 6, wherein The clamping unit includes: A clamping block (15), fixedly connected to the slider (13), extends upward through an elongated hole (14) in the rotary table (9); and The pressure block (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the clamping block (15) and is used to press down on the precision casting placed on the top surface of the rotating table (9).

8. The fixture of claim 1, wherein The carrier plate (1) is semicircular. The carrier plate (1) is semicircular.

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