Bogie and rail vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of bogie and track train, it is related to track train technical field.Bogie includes bolster and framework, and bolster is suspended above framework under the support of elastic member.The bogie further includes multiple hoisting components, hoisting component includes hoisting pedestal, extension plate and limiting piece. Among them, hoisting pedestal is set to framework, and extension plate is stretched out from bolster towards hoisting pedestal.Limiting piece is connected to hoisting pedestal, and limiting piece and extension plate are at least partially overlapped in vertical direction, and with the first stroke of limiting extension plate to move upwards to make the first state of framework and bolster can be hoisted as a whole.Limiting piece is engaged with hoisting pedestal by sawtooth protrusion, and be configured to change the engagement position of limiting piece relative to hoisting pedestal in vertical direction, to change the first stroke, and the first stroke is less than the maximum elongation of elastic member.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail train technology, and more specifically, to a bogie and a rail train. Background Technology

[0002] Rail trains, as a core tool of modern land transportation, boast advantages such as large capacity, high efficiency, low energy consumption, and good safety, and are widely used in passenger and freight transport. Their system mainly consists of three parts: vehicles, tracks, and traction power supply. The traction system obtains electrical energy through a pantograph or third rail, drives the traction motor via a converter, and relies on wheel-rail adhesion to achieve train operation. With technological advancements, high speed, intelligence, and green operation have become the main development directions. High-speed trains are constantly pushing speed limits, intelligent control systems improve operational efficiency and safety, while the application of technologies such as permanent magnet synchronous motors, regenerative braking, and lightweight car bodies significantly reduces energy consumption. However, wheel-rail wear, system complexity, and maintenance costs remain the main technological challenges currently faced.

[0003] The bogie is the most critical running gear component of a railcar, and its technical performance directly determines the train's running quality, safety, and stability. A bogie typically consists of core components such as a frame, wheelsets, axle box assemblies, primary and secondary suspension systems, traction drive units, and basic braking systems. Its core functions can be summarized as: load-bearing, guidance, traction / braking, and cushioning. Bogie technology has undergone a long evolution from rigid structures to flexible suspensions, and from fixed wheelbases to high-speed lightweight designs. High-speed train bogies, in particular, face extremely demanding requirements in terms of dynamic performance, structural strength, lightweight design, and operational reliability. Currently, the development of bogie technology focuses on areas such as active suspension control, non-contact maglev technology, composite material applications, and health management monitoring systems.

[0004] In related technologies, secondary suspension structures composed of air springs are generally controlled electronically. However, in the event of a failure in the electronic control system, there is a lack of reliable mechanical structures to protect the air springs from overcharge. Furthermore, during maintenance, the bolster needs to be detached from the underframe and lifted separately, increasing the complexity of the maintenance work. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a bogie that solves at least some of these problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a bogie that can limit the range of movement of the bolster relative to the frame, protect the elastic elements, and at the same time realize the overall lifting of the bolster and the frame.

[0006] One aspect of this utility model provides a bolster and a frame, wherein the bolster is suspended above the frame under the support of an elastic member, and further includes a plurality of lifting assemblies, each lifting assembly including: a lifting base disposed on the frame; an extension plate extending from the bolster toward the lifting base; and a limiting member connected to the lifting base, wherein the limiting member at least partially overlaps with the extension plate in the vertical direction and has a first stroke that restricts the extension plate from moving upward with the bolster so that the frame and the bolster can be lifted as a whole; the limiting member engages with the lifting base through serrated protrusions and is configured to change the engagement position of the limiting member relative to the lifting base in the vertical direction to change the first stroke, wherein the first stroke is less than the maximum elongation of the elastic member.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member also has a second state that restricts the extension plate from falling during the second stroke of the rocker due to the loss of support from the elastic member.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the limiting member is used as a limiting end, and the limiting member has an extension extending from the limiting end toward the rocker arm, and the extension and the extension plate at least partially overlap in the vertical direction.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting assembly further includes a fastener, the other end of the limiting member is used as a mounting end, and the fastener is adapted to press the limiting member against the lifting base in a first direction to cooperate with the serrated protrusion and restrict the movement of the limiting member relative to the lifting base.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the limiting member is in the first state, the limiting end is located above the mounting end and at a height higher than that of the extension plate.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the limiting member is in the second state, the limiting end is located below the mounting end and its height is lower than that of the extension plate.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fastener includes a bolt, and the limiting member has an elongated hole configured to allow the tail of the bolt to pass through for threaded connection with the lifting base, and to block the head of the bolt on the side of the limiting member away from the lifting base.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the serrated protrusion includes a plurality of protrusion units arranged in a vertical direction, the protrusion units extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the cross-section is constructed as any one of a triangle, a rectangle or a trapezoid.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, two or four lifting components are provided, and they are arranged symmetrically about the rocker arm.

[0015] Another aspect of this utility model provides a rail train, comprising: a car body; and a bogie as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the car body is rotatably mounted on the bolster.

[0016] The bogie provided by this utility model, by setting a lifting assembly between the bolster and the frame, utilizes the cooperation of the lifting base and the limiting member to limit the first stroke of the extension plate moving upward with the bolster, that is, to limit the maximum distance the extension plate moves upward, thus preventing damage to the elastic element due to excessive stretching. Furthermore, it also allows the bolster and frame to be lifted as a whole during lifting operations. In addition, by changing the engagement position of the limiting member and the lifting base, the size of the first stroke can be adjusted to better adapt to different operating scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bogie provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the bogie provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention at another angle;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the lifting assembly provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, showing the lifting base and the limiting member;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the bogie limiting member provided in the second state according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A perspective view of the bogie from a bottom angle provided by an exemplary embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0026] 1. Rocking pillow;

[0027] 2. Structure;

[0028] 21. Crossbeam;

[0029] 22. Side beams;

[0030] 23. Traction rod;

[0031] 24. Mounting base;

[0032] 241. Mount the upper plate;

[0033] 242. Lower mounting plate;

[0034] 3. Lifting components;

[0035] 31. Lifting the base;

[0036] 32. Extension board;

[0037] 33. Limiting components;

[0038] 331. Limiting end;

[0039] 332. Installation end;

[0040] 333. Extension section;

[0041] 334. Oblong hole;

[0042] 34. Fasteners;

[0043] 4. Elastic components. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0046] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0047] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bogie provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the bogie provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention at another angle. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0049] An exemplary embodiment of this utility model provides a bogie, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the bogie includes a bolster 1 and a frame 2. The bolster 1 is suspended above the frame 2 under the support of an elastic member 4. The bogie also includes multiple lifting assemblies 3, each comprising a lifting base 31, an extension plate 32, and a limiting member 33. The lifting base 31 is disposed on the frame 2, and the extension plate 32 extends from the bolster 1 toward the lifting base 31. The limiting member 33 is connected to the lifting base 31, and at least partially overlaps with the extension plate 32 in the vertical direction, having a first stroke that restricts the extension plate 32 from moving upward with the bolster 1 so that the frame 2 and the bolster 1 can be lifted as a whole. The limiting member 33 engages with the lifting base 31 through serrated protrusions and is configured to change the engagement position of the limiting member 33 relative to the lifting base 31 in the vertical direction to change the first stroke, and the first stroke is less than the maximum elongation of the elastic member 4.

[0050] In this implementation, the bogie carries the train body. When subjected to road surface excitation or changes in the car body mass, the bolster 1, supported by the elastic element 4, moves vertically towards or away from the frame 2. A lifting assembly 3 is installed between the bolster 1 and the frame 2. Using the lifting base 31 and the limiting element 33, the first upward stroke of the extension plate 32 with the bolster 1 is limited. Specifically, the maximum upward distance of the extension plate 32 is limited. This is because when the extension plate 32 moves upward with the bolster 1, the elastic element 4 is stretched. Limiting the first stroke prevents excessive stretching and damage to the elastic element 4. Furthermore, this allows the bolster 1 and the frame 2 to be lifted as a whole during lifting operations.

[0051] For example, the elastic element 4 can be a steel spring, rubber spring, or steel spring of a secondary suspension.

[0052] Furthermore, the limiting member 33 and the lifting base 31 engage with serrated protrusions. By changing the engagement position, the first stroke of the extension plate 32, which is allowed to move upward, is adjusted to cope with different operating scenarios. For example, during lifting operations, the engagement position is adjusted downward, and the first stroke is shortened to facilitate lifting operations. When the rail vehicle is running, the engagement position is appropriately adjusted upward to increase the stretching range of the elastic member 4. However, it must be ensured that the first stroke is less than the maximum elongation of the elastic member 4, so as to improve the smoothness of operation as much as possible without damaging the elastic member 4, and to buffer the wheel-rail excitation through the elastic member 4.

[0053] In some other embodiments, if it is necessary to lift the rocker arm 1 separately, the limiting member 33 can be removed from the lifting base 31, and the lifting device (such as a crane) can be securely connected to the extension plate 32 using ropes or other connecting members for lifting.

[0054] In one exemplary embodiment, the limiting member 33 also has a second state that limits the extension plate 32 from falling as the bolster 1 loses the support of the elastic member 4 during a second stroke.

[0055] In this implementation, the limiting member 33 also has a second state, which prevents the bogie 1 from falling excessively and uncontrollably due to the sudden loss of the elastic support below when the bogie is in a specific working condition, such as when the elastic member 4 needs to be disassembled or replaced during maintenance, or when the elastic member 4 fails due to an accident.

[0056] Specifically, the interaction between the limiting member 33 and the extension plate 32 changes at this point. It will limit the second stroke of the extension plate 32 as it moves downward with the bolster 1. This means that even if the elastic member 4 is completely removed or fails, the falling amplitude of the bolster 1 will be mechanically limited within the range of the second stroke, thereby providing safety protection for the workers, equipment, or other parts of the vehicle below and preventing accidents.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the lifting assembly provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, showing the lifting base and the limiting member. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the bogie limiting member provided in the second state according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, one end of the limiting member 33 is used as a limiting end 331. The limiting member 33 has an extension 333 extending from the limiting end 331 toward the rocker arm 1. The extension 333 and the extension plate 32 at least partially overlap in the vertical direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, the limiting member 33 is divided into two parts. One part extends vertically, and one end of this part serves as the limiting end 331. The other part extends from the limiting end 331 along the first direction as an extension 333, extending to partially overlap with the extension plate 32 to achieve the limiting function.

[0060] In some alternative embodiments, the limiting member 33 may be a one-piece continuous structure, or it may be two parts welded together or connected together by a connector.

[0061] Further according to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lifting assembly 3 also includes a fastener 34, and the other end of the limiting member 33 is used as a mounting end 332. The fastener 34 is adapted to press the limiting member 33 against the lifting base 31 in the first direction to cooperate with the serrated protrusion and restrict the movement of the limiting member 33 relative to the lifting base 31.

[0062] In this embodiment, the end opposite to the limiting end 331 is used as the mounting end 332. The fastener 34 applies a fastening force along a first direction to the limiting member 33, pressing the mounting end 332 of the limiting member 33 tightly against the lifting base 31, thereby increasing the static friction on the contact surface between the limiting member 33 and the lifting base 31. This, combined with the serrated protrusions, ensures that the limiting member 33 will not move unexpectedly in the vertical direction relative to the lifting base 31, especially during lifting operations.

[0063] In addition, this arrangement makes it easier for staff to make adjustments or maintenance, while reducing the space occupied by the bogies.

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the limiting member 33 is in the first state, the limiting end 331 is located above the mounting end 332 and its height is higher than that of the extension plate 32.

[0065] When the entire structure needs to be lifted, the lifting force is applied to the bolster 1, and through the mechanical limiting action of the lifting assembly 3, the frame 2 is lifted along with it, thereby avoiding the situation where only the bolster 1 is lifted and the frame 2 falls due to gravity and separates from the bolster 1.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the limiting member 33 is in the second state, with the limiting end 331 located below the mounting end 332 and at a height lower than that of the extension plate 32.

[0067] In this implementation, the limiting member 33 is in the second state, which is used to limit the descent height of the bolster 1 when the elastic member 4 is removed for maintenance. That is, the extension 333 and the extension plate 32 cooperate to support the bolster 1, providing working space for the workers. For example, the adjustment of the height pad between the elastic member 4 and the bolster 1 can be completed without disassembling the bogie and other equipment tools. This provides a purely mechanical safety protection that does not require external power for high-risk maintenance operations and responding to sudden failures.

[0068] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fastener 34 includes a bolt, and the limiting member 33 has an elongated hole 334, which is configured to allow the tail of the bolt to pass through for threaded connection with the lifting base 31, and to block the head of the bolt on the side of the limiting member 33 away from the lifting base 31.

[0069] In this embodiment, the fastener 34 preferably includes a bolt. Correspondingly, an elongated hole 334 is provided at the mounting end 332 of the limiting member 33. The length direction of this elongated hole 334 is consistent with the direction of adjustment and movement of the limiting member 33 (i.e., the vertical direction). When the bolt is tightened, the clamping force generated by the bolt head presses the limiting member 33 firmly against the surface of the lifting base 31. Adjustment can be completed simply by using a general-purpose tool, such as a wrench, to loosen the bolt (without complete disassembly) → move the limiting member 33 to the desired height → retighten the bolt. The elongated hole 334 itself serves both a "yielding" and "guiding" function, eliminating the need for an additional guiding mechanism and making the structure more compact.

[0070] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the serrated protrusion includes a plurality of protrusion units arranged in a vertical direction, the protrusion units extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the cross-section is constructed as any one of triangle, rectangle or trapezoid.

[0071] In this implementation, the first direction is the length direction of the bogie (rail vehicle), or longitudinal direction; the second direction is the width direction of the bogie (rail vehicle), or transverse direction; and the vertical direction is the height direction of the bogie (rail vehicle), or vertical direction. Multiple protruding units distributed along the vertical direction provide multiple defined and fixed positions for the height adjustment of the limiting member 33. This positioning ensures the uniqueness and repeatability of the position after each adjustment, avoiding the slippage uncertainty that may occur with continuous stepless adjustment. The cross-sectional shape is preferably trapezoidal (not shown in the figure), whose inclined sides have a certain guiding property and are more stable during engagement, with high structural strength and strong load-bearing capacity.

[0072] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two or four lifting components 3 are provided, and they are arranged symmetrically about the bolster 1.

[0073] In this implementation, to improve stability during the lifting process, the lifting components 3 are preferably two or four, and are arranged symmetrically about the geometric center of the bolster 1. For example, when two lifting components 3 are provided, the two lifting components 3 and the bolster 1 form a "Z" shape; when four lifting components 3 are provided, the four lifting components 3 and the bolster 1 form an "I" shape.

[0074] Figure 6 A perspective view of the bogie from a bottom angle, provided by an exemplary embodiment of this utility model. Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0075] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the frame 2 includes a crossbeam 21 and two side beams 22. The crossbeam 21 is located below the bolster 1 and is arranged parallel to the bolster 1. The two side beams 22 are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the crossbeam 21. The crossbeam 21 is arranged perpendicular to the side beams 22 and is connected to the middle of the side beams 22. The lifting base 31 is set on the side beams 22.

[0076] In this implementation, the frame 2 is also roughly I-shaped. Specifically, the side beam 22 is a curved beam, with both ends of the side beam 22 at approximately the same height as the bolster 1. The middle of the side beam 22 is concave downwards, and the concave portions of the two side beams 22 are connected by a crossbeam 21 to form an integral structure. An elastic element 4 is arranged in the concave portion of each of the two side beams 22, and the bolster 1 is arranged above the elastic element 4. The lifting base 31 is located at the junction of the concave portion and the horizontal portion of the side beam 22.

[0077] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the frame 2 also includes a plurality of traction rods 23 arranged parallel to the side beam 22. One end of the traction rod 23 is connected to the end of the side beam 22, and the other end is connected to the lower surface of the bolster 1, so as to transmit the traction force at the frame 2 to the bolster 1.

[0078] In this embodiment, the number of traction rods 23 is preferably two or four, and they are also centrally symmetrically distributed about the geometric center of the bolster 1. The side beam 22 is constructed as a box beam, and the traction rods 23 are connected to the side wall of the side beam 22.

[0079] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the frame 2 also includes a mounting base 24 for mounting the traction rod 23. The mounting base 24 includes an upper mounting plate 241 and a lower mounting plate 242. The upper mounting plate 241 extends from the upper surface of the side beam 22, and the lower mounting plate 242 extends from the lower surface of the side beam 22. The end of the traction rod 23 is mounted between the upper mounting plate 241 and the lower mounting plate 242.

[0080] In this embodiment, both the upper mounting plate 241 and the lower mounting plate 242 are formed by extending and bending the side beam 22, which is simple in structure and easy to process.

[0081] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides a rail train, including a car body and a bogie as described in any of the above embodiments, the car body being rotatably mounted on a bolster 1.

[0082] In this implementation, the vehicle body is, but is not limited to, mounted to the bolster 1 using a slewing bearing. The slewing bearing allows relative rotation between the vehicle body and the bolster 1. At the same time, the slewing bearing can withstand the vertical load, lateral force (such as centrifugal force when passing through a curve), and longitudinal force (traction or braking force) of the vehicle body, and does not require frequent maintenance and has a long service life.

[0083] In some other embodiments, the car body can also be mounted to the bolster 1 via a center plate and side bearings. Specifically, the center plate includes an upper center plate and a lower center plate with a concave-convex fit, which are respectively mounted on the car body and the bolster 1, achieving relative rotation between the car body and the bolster 1 through sliding friction. The center plate is used to transmit or bear the longitudinal and lateral forces of the car body. Vertical loads are borne by the side bearings. For low-speed freight trains, rigid (metal) side bearings can be used, while for passenger trains, elastic (rubber, spring) side bearings can be used. Compared to slewing bearings, this method is simpler in structure and lower in cost.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this utility model. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this utility model. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this utility model.

[0085] The embodiments of this utility model have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Without departing from the scope of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, all of which should fall within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bogie comprising a bolster and a frame, said bolster being suspended above said frame under support of elastic members, characterized in that, It also includes multiple lifting assemblies, the lifting assemblies comprising: A lifting base is provided on the frame; An extension plate extends from the bolster toward the lifting base; A limiting member, connected to the lifting base, at least partially overlaps with the extension plate in the vertical direction and has a first stroke that restricts the extension plate from moving upward with the bolster so that the frame and the bolster can be lifted as a whole; the limiting member engages with the lifting base through serrated protrusions and is configured to change the engagement position of the limiting member relative to the lifting base in the vertical direction to change the first stroke, and the first stroke is less than the maximum elongation of the elastic member.

2. The bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that The limiting member also has a second state that restricts the extension plate from falling as the bolster loses the support of the elastic member during a second stroke.

3. The bogie of claim 2, wherein One end of the limiting member serves as a limiting end, and the limiting member has an extension extending from the limiting end toward the rocker arm, the extension and the extension plate at least partially overlapping in the vertical direction.

4. The bogie of claim 3, wherein The lifting assembly also includes a fastener, the other end of which serves as a mounting end. The fastener is adapted to press the limiting member against the lifting base in a first direction to engage with the serrated protrusion and restrict the movement of the limiting member relative to the lifting base.

5. The bogie of claim 4, wherein When the limiting member is in the first state, the limiting end is located above the mounting end, and its height is higher than that of the extension plate.

6. The bogie of claim 4, wherein In the second state, the limiting member is located below the mounting end, and its height is lower than that of the extension plate.

7. The bogie according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, The fastener includes a bolt, and the limiting member has an elongated hole configured to allow the tail of the bolt to pass through for threaded connection with the lifting base, while blocking the head of the bolt on the side of the limiting member opposite to the lifting base.

8. The bogie according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that The serrated protrusions include a plurality of protrusion units arranged in a vertical direction, the protrusion units extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the cross-section is constructed as any one of a triangle, a rectangle or a trapezoid.

9. The bogie according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The lifting components are provided in two or four parts, and are arranged symmetrically about the bolster.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized by include: Vehicle body; The bogie as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the car body is rotatably mounted on the bolster.

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