Laser shock peening rapid focusing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of laser shock peening quick focusing device, comprising: the support block with cavity inside, first optical window and second optical window, filling magnetic liquid and magnetic control component located in lens body, first optical window and second optical window are respectively installed in the upper and lower end of cavity and form airtight;Lens body is located in cavity and is the soft shell structure of shape can change;Magnetic control component has the electromagnetic coil connected with power supply, electromagnetic coil is sleeved in the outside of support block, adjustable magnetic field can be generated so that magnetic liquid moves to the center and gathers;Wherein, laser beam sequentially passes first optical window, magnetic liquid, second optical window and acts on workpiece.The utility model structure is simple and compact, realize the change of comprehensive focal length, complete the quick, accurate and stepless regulation of the focal point position of beam light on workpiece surface, and can be completed within millisecond order, with higher static stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing, specifically to a laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser shock peening (LSP) is an advanced surface modification technology that uses a high-power, short-pulse laser beam to impact the surface of a metallic material, thereby introducing residual compressive stress into the material's surface layer and refining the grains, ultimately significantly improving the material's fatigue strength, wear resistance, and stress corrosion resistance.

[0003] Focusing is crucial for ensuring the uniformity, consistency, and integrity of the enhanced area. Accurate focus ensures a uniform, continuous, and complete residual compressive stress layer on the material surface. Currently, traditional optical lenses rely on mechanical structures to adjust focus, such as moving the lens group or adjusting the lens spacing. This method suffers from drawbacks such as large size, slow response (milliseconds to seconds), short lifespan due to mechanical wear, and low integration, making it difficult to meet the needs of smartphones, miniature endoscopes, AR / VR modules, and other applications requiring compact structures and fast, lossless zoom. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser shock enhancement rapid focusing device with a simple and compact structure. It realizes the change of the overall focal length and completes the rapid, precise and stepless adjustment of the focal position of the laser beam on the workpiece surface. It can be completed within the millisecond range and has high static stability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this laser shock peening rapid focusing device includes: The support block has an internal cavity that runs vertically through it. The first optical window and the second optical window are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the cavity and form a seal; A magnetic fluid is used to fill the lens body, which is located within a cavity and is a soft shell structure whose shape can be changed. The magnetic control component has an electromagnetic coil connected to a power source. The electromagnetic coil is mounted on the outside of the support block, and its center is aligned with the center of the first optical window, the second optical window, and the lens body. The electromagnetic coil can generate an adjustable magnetic field to cause the magnetic liquid to move towards the center. The laser beam passes sequentially through the first optical window, the magnetic liquid, and the second optical window before acting on the workpiece coated with the absorption layer.

[0006] In some examples of this utility model, the magnetic control assembly also has a magnetically conductive housing and a controller; The magnetic housing is located outside the electromagnetic coil, and the controller controls the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil.

[0007] In some examples of this utility model, the cavity is a spherical structure.

[0008] In some examples of this invention, the lower middle part of the lens body is tightly fitted onto the second optical window.

[0009] In some examples of this utility model, a support shell with a double-groove structure in the middle is also included; The magnetic housing and the support block are located in the upper slot and are both connected to the support housing by bolts; the first optical window and the second optical window are both connected to the support block by bolts.

[0010] In some examples of this utility model, the workpiece is located in a water tank, the water tank is mounted on a support plate with a lifting structure, and the support plate is mounted on a three-dimensional moving platform.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this laser shock enhancement rapid focusing device has a first optical window and a second optical window installed on the upper and lower sides of the cavity. The inside is filled with a magnetic liquid wrapped by a lens body, and the outside is filled with a magnetic coil. The electromagnetic coil will generate a magnetic field of corresponding strength, drive the magnetic liquid to move and change the interface curvature, thereby realizing the change of the overall focal length. This allows for rapid, precise and stepless adjustment of the laser beam's focal position on the workpiece surface, which can be completed within milliseconds. It has high static stability and is better adapted to intelligent devices. The cavity has a spherical structure. When the magnetic liquid flows and the interface shape changes, the spherical structure of the cavity can constrain the lateral flow of the liquid and redistribute it mainly along the axis, thus supporting and limiting the lens. In addition, the middle part of the lens fits tightly against the second optical window to prevent the center of the lens from shifting from the center of the first and second optical windows during adjustment, which would affect the focal length. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention (with the addition of a laser component); Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; In the diagram: 100, focusing assembly; 10. Support shell; 21. First optical window; 22. Second optical window; 31. Electromagnetic coil; 32. Magnetic housing; 40. Support block; 51. Lens body; 52. Magnetic fluid; 60. Workpiece; 71. Laser; 72. Reflector; 80. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same components. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0014] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, “an” or “a” and similar terms do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the element or object listed following the word and its equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes.

[0015] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the focusing assembly 100 of this laser shock peening rapid focusing device is located above the workpiece 60 and includes: The support block 40 has an internal cavity that extends vertically. The first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the cavity and form a seal; Magnetic fluid 52 is filled inside the lens body 51, which is located inside the cavity and is a soft shell structure whose shape can be changed. The magnetic control assembly has an electromagnetic coil 31 connected to a power source. The electromagnetic coil 31 is mounted on the outside of the support block 40, and its center is aligned with the center of the first optical window 21, the second optical window 22, and the lens body 51. It generates an adjustable magnetic field that can cause the magnetic liquid 52 to move towards the center. The laser beam sequentially passes through the first optical window 21, the magnetic liquid 52, and the second optical window 22, and acts on the workpiece 60 coated with the absorption layer. Specifically, the cavity of the support block 40 has a large space to accommodate the lens body 51; Both the first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22 are fixed lenses with fixed optical power, such as sturdy flat optical glass. The first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the lens body 51 respectively, and their curvatures are matched to each other, which can initially optimize optical aberrations. The lens body 51 is an elastic soft shell, which can be made of silicone material. It is filled with magnetic liquid 52, which can change with the movement of magnetic liquid 52. Magnetic liquid 52 may include nanoscale magnetic particles, a base liquid with high light transmittance, and a surfactant for dispersing the particles. The nanoscale magnetic particles can be nanoscale ferromagnetic and can be instantly magnetized to generate magnetization intensity. The magnetic liquid 52 located in the lens body 51, together with the first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22, constitutes a composite optical system. The electromagnetic coil 31 is tightly wrapped around the outside of the support block 40 and is connected to the power supply to generate a controllable magnetic field acting on the magnetic liquid 52 to change its interface curvature and thus achieve focusing. When this focusing device is connected to the output optical path of the laser shock strengthening equipment, the laser beam can pass through the first optical window 21, the magnetic liquid 52, and the second optical window 22 in sequence and act on the workpiece 60 coated with the absorption layer. Current is passed into the electromagnetic coil 31, and the current can be controlled by the controller 80. The correspondence between the current passed into the electromagnetic coil 31 and the focal length is obtained through pre-calibration and stored in the controller 80. That is, the focal length of the liquid lens is directly related to its radius of curvature and refractive index. The magnetic field strength is proportional to the current passed into the lens, and the magnetic field strength determines the radius of curvature in the equilibrium state. Based on this, the correspondence between the current passed into the lens and the focal length is established. The electromagnetic coil 31 generates a magnetic field of corresponding strength, driving the magnetic liquid 52 in the cavity to move and change the interface curvature. That is, the magnetic field acts on the magnetic liquid 52, causing the uniformly distributed nano-magnetic particles in the liquid to be instantly magnetized. The magnetized nano-magnetic particles are subjected to a magnetic force in the non-uniform magnetic field. The direction of this force is towards the region with the largest magnetic field gradient, that is, the central axis of the electromagnetic coil 31. Therefore, the magnetic liquid 52 is subjected to a magnetic force pointing towards the center, causing the liquid to "pull" or "push" together from the edge to the center. The original surface tension balance of the magnetic liquid 52 is disrupted, and the interface shape changes until the pressure difference (related to surface tension) generated by the change in interface curvature and the applied magnetic force reach a new dynamic balance. At this time, the overall focal length of this focusing device changes, thereby realizing the rapid, precise and stepless adjustment of the focal position of the excitation beam on the surface of the workpiece 60 coated with the absorption layer. Moreover, this process can be completed within milliseconds and has high static stability.

[0016] In some examples of this utility model, the magnetic control assembly also has a magnetic housing 32 and a controller 80; The magnetic housing 32 is located outside the electromagnetic coil 31, and the controller 80 controls the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 31.

[0017] Specifically, the magnetic housing 32 is made of a soft magnetic material with high permeability, and is located outside the electromagnetic coil 31 and completely covers it, in order to constrain and guide the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 31 after it is energized; The controller 80 can be a general term for the control unit, which can control the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 31, thereby precisely controlling the intensity of the electromagnetic field.

[0018] In some examples of this utility model, the cavity is a spherical structure; Specifically, the inner wall of the cavity is an optically designed non-cylindrical guide profile. This profile guides the magnetic liquid 52 to form an approximately spherical optical surface under the action of a magnetic field, which can support and limit the lens body 51. That is, when the magnetic liquid 52 flows and the interface shape changes, the spherical structure of the cavity can constrain the lateral flow of the liquid and make it redistribute mainly in the axial (vertical) direction.

[0019] In some examples of this utility model, the lower middle part of the lens body 51 is tightly fitted onto the second optical window 22; Specifically, when no current is initially applied to the electromagnetic coil 31, the middle part of the lens body 51 is tightly attached to the second optical window 22. When current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 31, the interface shape of the magnetic liquid 52 changes, and the lens body 51 is adjusted synchronously. At this time, the center position of the lens body 51 remains unchanged, and the center of the lens body 51 is not offset from the center of the first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22 during adjustment, which would affect the focal length.

[0020] In some examples of this utility model, the device also includes a support housing 10 with a double-groove structure in the middle. The magnetic housing 32 and the support block 40 are located in the upper slot and are both connected to the support housing 10 by bolts; the first optical window 21 and the second optical window 22 are both connected to the support block 40 by bolts. Specifically, the support housing 10 is used to integrate and fix the support block 40, magnetic control components, etc. Its upper and lower double slots are through structures, and the diameter and depth of the upper slot are greater than the diameter and depth of the lower slot. The lower slot is used for the laser beam to pass through. The support housing 10 is provided with a circuit interface; the second optical window 22 is fixed to the support block 40 by bolts. In some examples of this utility model, the surface of the workpiece 60 is coated with an absorbent layer (black tape or black paint) before the water tank is placed. The workpiece 60 is located in the water tank, and the water on the surface of the workpiece serves as a constraint layer. The water tank is mounted on a support plate with a lifting structure, and the support plate is mounted on a three-dimensional moving platform. Specifically, the support plate can be raised and lowered by the lifting rod, thereby adjusting the distance between this focusing device and the workpiece 60; The three-dimensional moving platform can move the workpiece 60 to any position in space, that is, move the workpiece 60 along a predetermined trajectory, so that the surface of the workpiece 60 coated with the absorption layer is strengthened by laser shock.

[0021] This laser shock strengthening rapid focusing device is placed between the laser component and the workpiece 60. The laser component has a laser 71 and a reflector 72. The laser beam emitted by the laser 71 passes through the reflector 72 in sequence and acts on the focusing device, and then converges on the workpiece 60 in the water tank to achieve shock strengthening. In the initial state, no current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 31, and the focusing device is in a non-magnetic field environment. Under the action of surface tension, gravity and the lens body 51, the shape of the magnetic liquid 52 is determined by its contact angle with the cavity and the corresponding optical window, forming a stable static curved surface. When current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 31 and it is in working condition, the focusing device is in a magnetic field environment that is proportional to the current. The magnetic liquid 52 can move from the edge to the center and "pull" or "push" to gather and change the interface curvature until the interface curvature change and the applied magnetic force reach a new dynamic equilibrium. For example, the lens body 51 is deformed and limited by the inner wall of the cavity. The magnetic liquid 52 is mainly redistributed along the axial direction, and the thickness of the liquid layer in the central region increases, forming an elliptical structure. The controllable magnetic field causes the magnetic liquid 52 to move, which changes the overall focal length of the focusing device. After the laser component emits a laser beam, it passes through the focusing device and acts on the workpiece 60, realizing rapid, precise and stepless adjustment of the focal position on the surface of the workpiece 60.

[0022] The exemplary embodiments of the laser shock enhanced rapid focusing device proposed by this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and alterations can be made to the above specific embodiments without departing from the concept of this utility model, and various combinations can be made to the various technical features and structures proposed by this utility model without exceeding the protection scope of this utility model, which is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser shock peening rapid focusing device, characterized by, include: The support block (40) has an internal cavity that extends vertically. The first optical window (21) and the second optical window (22) are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the cavity and form a seal; Magnetic fluid (52) is filled inside the lens body (51), which is located inside the cavity and is a soft shell structure whose shape can be changed. The magnetic control assembly has an electromagnetic coil (31) connected to a power source. The electromagnetic coil (31) is mounted on the outside of the support block (40), and its center is aligned with the center of the first optical window (21), the second optical window (22), and the lens body (51). The electromagnetic coil (31) can generate an adjustable magnetic field to cause the magnetic liquid (52) to move toward the center. The laser beam passes through the first optical window (21), the magnetic liquid (52), and the second optical window (22) in sequence and acts on the workpiece (60) coated with the absorption layer.

2. The laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic control assembly also has a magnetic housing (32) and a controller (80). The magnetic housing (32) is located outside the electromagnetic coil (31), and the controller (80) controls the magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil (31).

3. The laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity has a spherical structure.

4. The laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower middle part of the lens body (51) is tightly fitted onto the second optical window (22).

5. The laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a support shell (10) with a double-groove structure in the middle. The magnetic housing (32) and the support block (40) are located in the upper slot and are both connected to the support housing (10) by bolts; the first optical window (21) and the second optical window (22) are both connected to the support block (40) by bolts.

6. The laser shock-enhanced rapid focusing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The workpiece (60) is located in a water tank, which is mounted on a support plate with a lifting structure. The support plate is mounted on a three-dimensional moving platform.

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