A photosynthetic bacteria-based rice field soil remediation experimental device

Abstract

The utility model relates to experimental device technical field, concretely relates to a kind of paddy field soil remediation experimental device based on photosynthetic bacteria. Specific technical scheme is: including soil culture container, multiple partitions are horizontally and detachably arranged in the soil culture container, a plurality of small holes are arranged on the partition, filter screen is arranged on the partition and the inner bottom surface of soil culture container, a channel with one end opening is horizontally arranged in the partition, the top of the partition is provided with multiple through holes communicated with the channel, pipeline is inserted in the channel, the top surface of the pipeline is provided with multiple insertion holes, and corresponds with the through hole, diffusion tube is sequentially inserted into insertion hole and communicated by passing through filter screen and through hole, liquid inlet pipe is arranged outside soil culture container, liquid inlet pipe is communicated with pipeline, and liquid inlet pipe is communicated with bacteria liquid tank.The utility model can simulate paddy field ecological environment, provide suitable growth and metabolism conditions for photosynthetic bacteria, so as to systematically study the repair effect of photosynthetic bacteria on paddy field soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of experimental device technology, specifically to an experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of intensive agricultural planting, paddy field soils face numerous problems such as fertilizer and pesticide residues, heavy metal pollution, and soil compaction, which seriously affect the soil ecological environment and the quality and yield of crops. Photosynthetic bacteria, as microorganisms with unique physiological and metabolic characteristics, can utilize light energy to decompose and transform organic matter in anaerobic or microaerobic environments. They can also adsorb heavy metal ions in the soil and degrade pesticide residues, showing broad application prospects in the field of paddy field soil remediation.

[0003] However, current experimental devices for photosynthetic bacteria in paddy field soil remediation still have many technical defects, making it difficult to meet the needs of precise and standardized experiments. For example, actual paddy field soil has a clear layered structure (cultivated layer, plow layer, parent material layer), and the physical properties (density, porosity) and material exchange characteristics of each layer are significantly different. However, existing experimental devices mostly use single-cavity containers, which do not reproduce the layered structure of the soil. In addition, photosynthetic bacteria inoculation is mostly surface spraying, which leads to uneven distribution of bacterial solution in the soil. This makes it impossible to simulate the colonization and action process of photosynthetic bacteria in different soil layers of real paddy fields. The experimental results deviate greatly from the field application scenario, making it difficult to guide actual remediation projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model discloses an experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria, including a soil culture container and a drainage pipe at its bottom. The soil culture container has multiple horizontally detachable partitions with several small holes, dividing the container into a tillage layer, a plow layer, and a parent material layer from top to bottom. Filter screens are provided on both the partitions and the inner bottom surface of the soil culture container. A channel with one open end is horizontally arranged inside each partition. Multiple through holes communicating with the channel are provided on the top of each partition. A pipe is inserted into the channel, and multiple insertion holes are opened on the top surface of the pipe, corresponding one-to-one with the through holes. A diffuser tube passes through the filter screen and through holes and is inserted into the insertion holes, communicating with them. An inlet pipe is provided outside the soil culture container, passing through the container and communicating with one end of the pipe. The inlet pipe is connected to a bacterial culture tank.

[0007] Preferably, when the number of channels is greater than or equal to two, the channels are arranged in parallel, the partition plate has a groove arranged laterally, the opening end of each channel is connected to the groove, a pipe is inserted into each channel, the other end of the pipe is connected to a main pipe, the middle of the main pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, the main pipe and the connecting pipe are both located in the groove, and the connecting pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the diffuser tube is closed and a number of micropores are provided on the side wall. The bottom of the diffuser tube is constricted and has an axial notch, so that the diffuser tube communicates with the pipe after being inserted into the pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the bacterial culture tank is provided with a liquid inlet pipe near its top and a liquid outlet pipe at its bottom, and a peristaltic pump is provided on the liquid inlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of screws are radially arranged below the partition and on the side wall of the soil culture container, and the partition is placed on the screws.

[0011] Preferably, the top opening of the soil culture container is provided with a transparent cover, and an annular sleeve with an "L"-shaped cross-section is provided at the bottom of the transparent cover, forming an annular groove with the transparent cover. The inner side of the annular sleeve at its bottom is provided as an outward inclined slope. An annular support plate is provided on the side wall of the soil culture container. When the transparent cover is fastened to the top of the soil culture container, the annular sleeve abuts against the annular support plate. An inlet is provided on the side wall of the transparent cover, and the inlet communicates with the annular groove. A sealing plug is provided on the inlet.

[0012] Preferably, a miniature oxygen pump is connected to the transparent cover via a pipe, a gas flow meter is installed on the pipe, an oxygen concentration sensor is inserted into the top of the transparent cover, and the oxygen concentration sensor, the miniature oxygen pump, and the gas flow meter are each connected to a controller.

[0013] Preferably, the side wall of the soil culture container is provided with a plurality of detection holes that communicate with the tillage layer and the plow layer respectively. A pH sensor and a temperature sensor are inserted into the detection holes, and both the pH sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the controller.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the soil culture container is provided with multiple support legs, and an annular plate is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the support legs. A bracket is provided on the annular plate, and the bracket and the annular plate form a trumpet shape. Multiple LED plant growth lights are provided on the bracket, and the LED plant growth lights are connected to a light intensity sensor, which is connected to a controller.

[0015] Preferably, two temperature regulating boxes are provided on the outside of the soil culture container. The temperature regulating boxes are annular and arranged around the soil culture container. A positioning post is provided at the bottom of the temperature regulating box. A positioning hole adapted to the positioning post is provided on the annular plate. The positioning post is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the temperature regulating box. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are provided on the temperature regulating box. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to a water tank. A water pump is provided on the water inlet pipe.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This utility model, through its designed experimental device, can simulate the ecological environment of paddy fields, providing suitable growth and metabolic conditions for photosynthetic bacteria, thereby systematically studying the remediation effect of photosynthetic bacteria on paddy field soil, and providing reliable experimental basis and technical support for the subsequent application of photosynthetic bacteria in actual paddy field soil remediation.

[0018] 2. The soil culture container disclosed in this utility model adopts a layered design, accurately simulating the structure of a paddy field's tillage layer (20cm), plow pan (10cm), and parent material layer (15cm). Perforated partitions are installed between each layer to ensure water and material exchange while maintaining the differences in physical properties between layers. Photosynthetic bacteria inoculation employs a layered diffusion method, using porous diffusion tubes within the tillage and plow pan layers to achieve 10-20 mL (concentration 10) per kilogram of soil. 8 -10 9 The uniform release of CFU / mL bacterial solution perfectly replicates the colonization and distribution process of photosynthetic bacteria in real paddy fields. The experimental results show improved matching with field application scenarios, providing a more valuable reference for actual remediation projects.

[0019] 3. This invention employs a linkage design between LED plant growth lights and light sensors, enabling precise control of light intensity from 1000-5000 lux and visible light spectrum from 400-700 nm. Combined with settable 12-hour light / 12-hour dark cycles, it perfectly meets the light energy utilization needs of photosynthetic bacteria. The temperature control system, through circulating water and multiple temperature sensors within the soil layer, achieves temperature control within the range of 20-35℃, effectively preventing temperature fluctuations from inhibiting the reproduction of photosynthetic bacteria. Through intelligent switching between anaerobic packs and micro-oxygen pumps, combined with real-time monitoring by oxygen concentration sensors, it can stably maintain an anaerobic or 1%-5% micro-oxygen environment. The pH sensor delivers adjusting solution (sodium bicarbonate or dilute hydrochloric acid) via a micro-peristaltic pump, ensuring that the soil pH value remains stable within the optimal range of 7.0-8.5, significantly improving the activity stability of photosynthetic bacteria and enhancing the repeatability of experimental data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the partition;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the insertion of a pipe into the channel based on the existing structure;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a diffuser tube;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the installation of a temperature control box on the original structure;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a top-down view of the layout of the temperature control chamber outside the soil culture container.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Soil culture container; 2. Drainage pipe; 3. Partition; 4. Small hole; 5. Tillage layer; 6. Plow layer; 7. Parent material layer; 8. Filter screen; 9. Channel; 10. Pipe; 11. Diffusion pipe; 12. Liquid inlet pipe; 13. Solution tank; 14. Groove; 15. Main pipe; 16. Connecting pipe; 17. Micropore; 18. Notch; 19. Liquid filling pipe; 20. Drainage pipe; 21. Peristaltic pump; 22. Screw; 23. Transparent cover; 24. Annular sleeve; 25. Annular groove; 26. Annular support plate; 27. Sealing plug; 28. Miniature oxygen pump; 29. ​​Oxygen concentration sensor; 30. Controller; 31. Detection hole; 32. Support leg; 33. Annular plate; 34. Bracket; 35. Temperature control box; 36. Positioning column; 37. Water inlet pipe; 38. Water outlet pipe; 39. Insertion hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the implementation examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0030] refer to Figures 1-7This utility model discloses an experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria, including a soil culture container 1 and a drainage pipe 2 at its bottom. The drainage pipe is equipped with a valve for draining excess water from the soil. To better observe and monitor soil samples, the soil culture container 1 is made of a transparent material, such as high borosilicate glass. Multiple horizontally detachable partitions 3 are installed inside the soil culture container 1. Each partition 3 has several small holes 4, dividing the soil culture container 1 into a topsoil layer 5, a plow layer 6, and a parent material layer 7 from top to bottom. Filters 8 are installed on the partitions 3 and the inner bottom surface of the soil culture container 1. The filter on the inner bottom surface of the soil culture container 1 covers the port of the drainage pipe to prevent soil particle loss. In one embodiment, the topsoil layer is 20 cm thick, the plow layer is 10 cm thick, and the parent material layer is 15 cm thick. Each layer is separated by partitions with small holes to facilitate the exchange of water and substances between the layers.

[0031] Furthermore, the partition 3 has a horizontally arranged channel 9 with one open end. The top of the partition 3 has multiple through holes communicating with the channel 9. A pipe 10 is inserted into the channel 9. The top surface of the pipe 10 has multiple insertion holes 39, corresponding one-to-one with the through holes. A diffuser 11 passes through the filter screen 8 and the through holes, then is inserted into the insertion holes 39 and communicates with them. An inlet pipe 12 is provided outside the soil culture container 1. The inlet pipe 12 passes through the soil culture container 1 and communicates with one end of the pipe 10. The inlet pipe 12 is also connected to the bacterial culture tank 13. It should be noted that the top of the diffuser 11 is closed, and its sidewall has several micropores 17. The micropores are inclined, sloping downwards from the inside of the diffuser to the outside, to prevent soil and other impurities from clogging the micropores. The bottom of the diffuser 11 is constricted, and an axial notch 18 is provided, allowing the diffuser 11 to communicate with the pipe 10 after insertion. As the pipe is inserted into the channel, the insertion holes and through holes are aligned one-to-one. To reduce alignment time, the insertion holes and through holes are aligned when the pipe comes into contact with the other end of the channel. Then, the constricted end of the diffuser tube is designed to facilitate insertion through the filter screen into the through hole and into the pipe via the insertion hole. Simultaneously, the notch at the insertion end of the diffuser tube ensures communication between the diffuser tube and the pipe. Bacterial solution is introduced into the pipe through the inlet pipe and slowly released into the soil through the micropores on the diffuser tube, achieving uniform distribution of photosynthetic bacteria in the soil.

[0032] To ensure uniform distribution of photosynthetic bacteria in the soil and increase their contact area with soil pollutants, this invention employs a layered inoculation method. Photosynthetic bacteria solution is inoculated into both the topsoil and subsoil layers of the soil culture container. The inoculation amount is controlled according to the experimental design requirements, generally 10-20 mL of photosynthetic bacteria solution (10% concentration) per kilogram of soil. 8 -10 9(CFU / mL).

[0033] Furthermore, to ensure a more even distribution of the bacterial solution in the soil, multiple pipes are installed on the partition plate. When two or more channels 9 are installed, they are arranged in parallel. A groove 14 is horizontally provided on the partition plate 3. The opening end of each channel 9 communicates with the groove 14. A pipe 10 is inserted into each channel 9, and the other end of each pipe 10 is connected to a main pipe 15. A connecting pipe 16 is connected to the middle of the main pipe 15. Both the main pipe 15 and the connecting pipe 16 are located within the groove 14. The connecting pipe 16 communicates with the inlet pipe 12. It should be noted that the multiple pipes and the main pipe are integrated as a whole and directly inserted into the channels, with the main pipe positioned within the groove. For easy disassembly, the inlet pipe extends into the soil culture container and is threaded into the connecting pipe. The inlet pipe passes through the hole in the soil culture container and is sealed with a rubber ring.

[0034] Furthermore, a liquid addition pipe 19 is provided near the top of the bacterial culture tank 13, and a liquid discharge pipe 20 is provided at the bottom. A peristaltic pump 21 is provided on the liquid inlet pipe 12. The peristaltic pump pumps the bacterial culture into the pipe and slowly releases it into the diffusion pipe.

[0035] Furthermore, to facilitate the installation of the partition, multiple screws 22 are radially arranged on the side wall of the soil culture container 1 below the partition 3, and the partition 3 is placed on the screws 22. After each layer of soil is filled, the partition is placed on the screw. At the same time, the connecting pipe and the liquid inlet pipe pass through the hole in the soil culture container to facilitate the installation of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0036] Furthermore, to provide an anaerobic or microaerobic environment for photosynthetic bacteria, a transparent cover 23 is provided at the top opening of the soil culture container 1. An L-shaped annular sleeve 24 is located inside the transparent cover 23 at its bottom, forming an annular groove 25 with the transparent cover 23. The inner side of the annular sleeve 24 at its bottom is set as an outward-sloping surface. An annular support plate 26 is provided on the side wall of the soil culture container 1. When the transparent cover 23 is fastened to the top of the soil culture container 1, the annular sleeve 24 abuts against the annular support plate 26. An inlet is provided on the side wall of the transparent cover 23, which communicates with the annular groove 25, and a sealing plug 27 is provided on the inlet. It should be noted that when the transparent cover is fitted on top of the soil culture container, the top of the annular sleeve is flush with the top of the soil culture container, and the bottom of the annular sleeve abuts against the annular support plate. Additionally, to ensure sealing, a rubber ring is provided in the inner ring of the soil culture container or the annular sleeve. When setting up the rubber ring, the inclined surface is placed on the inner wall of the ring, which facilitates the placement of the transparent cover over the soil culture container. The inlet and sealing plug are primarily for placing anaerobic packs, such as those containing pyrogallol and sodium carbonate, into the annular groove. These packs can absorb oxygen from the space, creating an anaerobic environment. Simultaneously, an oxygen concentration monitoring hole is provided on the transparent cover for inserting an oxygen concentration sensor to monitor the oxygen concentration within the sealed space in real time.

[0037] Furthermore, if the experiment requires photosynthetic bacteria to grow in a micro-aerobic environment, a miniature oxygen pump 28 is connected to the transparent cover 23 via a pipeline. A gas flow meter is installed on the pipeline, and an oxygen concentration sensor 29 is inserted into the top of the transparent cover 23. The oxygen concentration sensor 29, the miniature oxygen pump 28, and the gas flow meter are all connected to the controller 30. An appropriate amount of oxygen is introduced into the sealed space through the miniature oxygen pump. By adjusting the flow rate of the gas flow meter, the amount of oxygen introduced is controlled, thereby adjusting the oxygen concentration in the sealed space to a suitable range (generally 1%-5%). The oxygen concentration sensor can monitor the oxygen concentration in the sealed space in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the controller. The controller, based on preset oxygen concentration parameters, reminds the user to replace the anaerobic pack, turn the miniature oxygen pump on or off, and adjust the gas flow meter flow rate, ensuring that the oxygen concentration remains stable within the set range.

[0038] Furthermore, the side wall of the soil culture container 1 is provided with multiple detection holes 31, each communicating with the tillage layer 5 and the plow layer 6. pH sensors and temperature sensors are inserted into these detection holes 31, and are connected to the controller 30. It should be noted that pH sensors are inserted into both the tillage layer and the plow layer of the soil culture container. These pH sensors are soil-specific and can monitor the soil pH in real time, transmitting the monitoring data to the controller. The pH sensor's measurement range is 0-14. If the soil pH deviates from the suitable range (7.0-8.5), adjustment is required. When the soil pH is too low, it is adjusted by adding an appropriate amount of sodium bicarbonate solution (concentration 0.1-0.5 mol / L) to the soil culture container; when the soil pH is too high, it is adjusted by adding an appropriate amount of dilute hydrochloric acid solution (concentration 0.1-0.5 mol / L). The solution is added via a micro-peristaltic pump connected to a controller. The controller automatically controls the pump's operation and the amount of solution added based on data from a pH sensor, ensuring the soil pH remains stable within a suitable range. Note that to add acid and alkaline solutions, a multi-port valve is connected to the end of the inlet pipe outside the soil culture container. This valve connects to the bacterial culture tube (connected to bacterial culture tank 13), the acid solution inlet pipe, and the alkaline solution inlet pipe. The acid and alkaline solution inlet pipes are connected to their respective reagent tanks, and a micro-peristaltic pump is installed at each. Additionally, when adding nutrient solution to the soil, a nutrient tube is connected to the multi-port valve, connected to the nutrient tank, and the nutrient solution is added via a peristaltic pump. Valves are also installed on the acid solution inlet pipe, alkaline solution inlet pipe, and nutrient tube as needed.

[0039] Furthermore, temperature sensors are inserted at different depths in the soil culture container (e.g., in the middle of the tillage layer or the middle of the plow pan). These sensors monitor the soil temperature in real time and transmit the data to the controller. It is important to note that the location of the detection holes is determined based on the preset positions of the temperature and pH sensors. When the sensors are not in use, the detection holes are sealed with rubber plugs.

[0040] Furthermore, the bottom of the soil culture container 1 is provided with multiple support legs 32, and an annular plate 33 is horizontally fitted around each support leg 32. A bracket 34 is provided on the annular plate 33, forming a trumpet shape with the annular plate 33. Multiple LED plant growth lights are provided on the bracket 34, and the LED plant growth lights are connected to a light intensity sensor, which is connected to a controller 30. It should be noted that, based on the light intensity and spectral range requirements of photosynthetic bacteria, LED plant growth lights are selected as the light source. LED plant growth lights have advantages such as low energy consumption, long lifespan, and adjustable spectrum, and can provide the suitable spectrum (400-700nm) and light intensity (1000-5000lux) required for the growth and metabolism of photosynthetic bacteria. 3-6 LED plant growth lights are evenly arranged around the soil culture container, and the position and spacing of the LED plant growth lights are adjusted on the bracket as needed. Meanwhile, an LED plant growth light can be installed at the top inside the transparent cover to supplement the light on the soil surface, ensuring that photosynthetic bacteria at different depths in the soil can receive suitable light.

[0041] Simultaneously, a light intensity sensor is connected to the controller. The light intensity sensor can monitor the light intensity of the LED plant grow light in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the controller. The controller automatically adjusts the brightness of the LED plant grow light according to preset light intensity parameters to ensure that the light intensity remains stable within the set range. In addition, different light cycles (such as 12 hours of light / 12 hours of darkness) can be set to simulate natural light conditions and meet the needs of photosynthetic bacteria growth and metabolism.

[0042] Furthermore, two temperature regulating chambers 35 are provided on the outer side of the soil cultivation container 1. The temperature regulating chambers 35 are annular and arranged around the soil cultivation container 1. A positioning post 36 is provided at the bottom of each temperature regulating chamber 35. Positioning holes adapted to the positioning posts 36 are provided on the annular plate 33. The positioning posts 36 are inserted into the positioning holes to fix the temperature regulating chambers 35, facilitating installation and disassembly. A water inlet pipe 37 and a water outlet pipe 38 are provided on each temperature regulating chamber 35, connected to a water tank. A water pump is installed on the water inlet pipe 37 to achieve water circulation. The temperature controller ensures that the soil temperature remains stable within a preset temperature range (generally 20-35℃). It should be noted that this invention uses water cooling or hot water to cool or heat the soil cultivation container, achieving temperature control in a gentle manner and avoiding rapid temperature changes that could prevent accurate temperature stabilization within a certain range. Simultaneously, the water in the water tank is heated or cooled to maintain hot or cold water in the temperature regulation chamber. Temperature sensors inserted into the middle of the tillage layer and plow pan monitor the soil temperature in real time and transmit the data to the controller. The controller, based on a preset temperature range (generally 20-35℃), prompts whether to lower or raise the temperature to ensure the soil temperature remains stable within the set range. It should be noted that the temperature regulation chamber can affect the illumination of the LED plant growth lights on the soil culture container; therefore, it should only be installed when temperature adjustment is required. Alternatively, heating can be achieved by installing electric heating lamps, such as carbon fiber heating lamps, on a support frame. Cooling can be achieved directly by placing a fan outside the soil culture container.

[0043] When using this invention, representative paddy field soil samples are collected, and impurities such as stones and weeds are removed. The soil samples are thoroughly mixed and, according to the layered design of the soil culture container, the soil is filled into the topsoil layer, the plow pan layer, and the parent material layer, and then gently compacted to make the soil density similar to that of actual paddy field soil. Specifically, the parent material layer soil is filled first, compacted, and then a screw is inserted and screwed into the soil culture container to a certain length. Then, a partition is placed, a filter screen is laid, and a diffuser tube is inserted. Subsequently, the plow pan soil is filled, and the topsoil layer soil is filled in the same way. Then, all pipelines (acid inlet pipe, alkali inlet pipe, nutrient pipe, etc.), sensors, light sources, etc., are connected, and a trial run is conducted to ensure that the device can operate normally and that all parameters can be stabilized within the set range.

[0044] Suitable photosynthetic bacteria strains were selected and cultured in the laboratory to prepare a concentration of 10. 8 -10 9 CFU / mL photosynthetic bacteria culture, for later use.

[0045] Based on the nutritional requirements of photosynthetic bacteria, a suitable nutrient solution was prepared and sterilized using autoclaving (121℃, 20 min). After cooling, the solution was ready for use. The main components of the nutrient solution included a carbon source (e.g., glucose, concentration 1-5 g / L), a nitrogen source (e.g., ammonium chloride, concentration 0.5-2 g / L), a phosphorus source (e.g., potassium dihydrogen phosphate, concentration 0.1-0.5 g / L), and various trace elements (e.g., iron, manganese, zinc, etc., concentration determined according to specific requirements). The nutrient solution was prepared using deionized water and sterilized to prevent contamination by other microorganisms. The nutrient solution slowly entered the soil through the micropores of the diffuser tube, providing nutrients to the photosynthetic bacteria. Simultaneously, according to the experimental design requirements, the nutrient solution was replenished regularly and quantitatively each week.

[0046] The prepared photosynthetic bacteria solution was slowly inoculated into the tillage and plow pan layers of the soil culture container through a diffusion tube, with the inoculation amount controlled according to the set parameters. After inoculation, the transparent cover was placed over the soil culture container to ensure the airtightness of the sealed space. The entire experimental setup was started by controlling the controller, and the auxiliary systems (light intensity, pH value, etc.) operated automatically according to preset parameters to provide a suitable growth and metabolic environment for the photosynthetic bacteria. During the experiment, the controller's display screen monitored the changes in various operating parameters (such as light intensity, oxygen concentration, temperature, pH value, etc.) in real time, and experimental data was recorded periodically. Parameter adjustment: If any operating parameters deviated from the set range during the experiment, the controller would automatically adjust them; if it could not adjust automatically, it would issue a prompt for manual adjustment.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria, comprising a soil culture container (1) and a drainage pipe (2) disposed at its bottom, characterized in that: The soil culture container (1) is provided with multiple horizontally detachable partitions (3). The partitions (3) are provided with several small holes (4) to divide the soil culture container (1) into a tillage layer (5), a plow layer (6), and a parent material layer (7) from top to bottom. Filter screens (8) are provided on the partitions (3) and the inner bottom surface of the soil culture container (1). The partitions (3) are provided with a channel (9) with one end open horizontally. The top of the partitions (3) is provided with multiple channels communicating with the channels (9). The channel (9) has a through hole, and a pipe (10) is inserted into the channel (9). The top surface of the pipe (10) has multiple insertion holes (39) that correspond one-to-one with the through holes. The diffuser (11) passes through the filter screen (8) and the through hole and is inserted into the insertion hole (39) and connected to it. The soil culture container (1) is provided with an inlet pipe (12). The inlet pipe (12) passes through the soil culture container (1) and is connected to one end of the pipe (10). The inlet pipe (12) is connected to the bacterial liquid tank (13).

2. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of channels (9) is greater than or equal to two, the channels (9) are arranged in parallel. A groove (14) is arranged horizontally on the partition (3). The opening end of each channel (9) is connected to the groove (14). A pipe (10) is inserted into each channel (9). The other end of the pipe (10) is connected to a main pipe (15). A connecting pipe (16) is connected to the middle of the main pipe (15). The main pipe (15) and the connecting pipe (16) are both located in the groove (14). The connecting pipe (16) is connected to the liquid inlet pipe (12).

3. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the diffuser tube (11) is closed, and several micro-holes (17) are provided on the side wall. The bottom of the diffuser tube (11) is constricted, and a notch (18) is opened axially, so that the diffuser tube (11) can be inserted into the pipe (10) and communicate with the pipe (10).

4. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial liquid tank (13) is provided with a liquid addition pipe (19) near its top and a liquid discharge pipe (20) at its bottom. A peristaltic pump (21) is provided on the liquid inlet pipe (12).

5. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple screws (22) are radially arranged on the side wall of the soil culture container (1) below the partition (3), and the partition (3) is placed on the screws (22).

6. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top opening of the soil culture container (1) is provided with a transparent cover (23). Inside the transparent cover (23) and at its bottom is an annular sleeve (24) with an "L" shaped cross section, forming an annular groove (25) with the transparent cover (23). The inner side of the annular sleeve (24) at its bottom is set as an outward inclined slope. An annular support plate (26) is provided on the side wall of the soil culture container (1). When the transparent cover (23) is fastened to the top of the soil culture container (1), the annular sleeve (24) abuts against the annular support plate (26). An inlet is provided on the side wall of the transparent cover (23), and the inlet communicates with the annular groove (25). A sealing plug (27) is provided on the inlet.

7. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 6, characterized in that: A miniature oxygen pump (28) is connected to the transparent cover (23) via a pipeline. A gas flow meter is installed on the pipeline. An oxygen concentration sensor (29) is inserted into the top of the transparent cover (23). The oxygen concentration sensor (29), the miniature oxygen pump (28), and the gas flow meter are all connected to the controller (30).

8. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soil culture container (1) has multiple detection holes (31) on its side wall that are respectively connected to the tillage layer (5) and the plow layer (6). A pH sensor and a temperature sensor are inserted into the detection holes (31), and the pH sensor and the temperature sensor are respectively connected to the controller (30).

9. An experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the soil culture container (1) is provided with multiple legs (32), and an annular plate (33) is horizontally sleeved on the outside of the legs (32). A bracket (34) is provided on the annular plate (33), and the bracket (34) and the annular plate (33) form a trumpet shape. Multiple LED plant growth lights are provided on the bracket (34), and the LED plant growth lights are connected to a light intensity sensor. The light intensity sensor is connected to a controller (30).

10. The experimental device for paddy field soil remediation based on photosynthetic bacteria according to claim 9, characterized in that: Two temperature regulating boxes (35) are provided on the outside of the soil culture container (1). The temperature regulating boxes (35) are ring-shaped and arranged around the soil culture container (1). A positioning post (36) is provided at the bottom of the temperature regulating box (35). A positioning hole adapted to the positioning post (36) is provided on the ring plate (33). The positioning post (36) is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the temperature regulating box (35). A water inlet pipe (37) and a water outlet pipe (38) are provided on the temperature regulating box (35). The water inlet pipe (37) and the water outlet pipe (38) are connected to the water tank. A water pump is provided on the water inlet pipe (37).

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