A shock absorber stabilizer for a roof drill

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mine machinery, and discloses a damping stabilizer for a raise drill, which comprises a drill rod connected with a drill bit, a fixing sleeve used for connecting a driving member, a combined disc spring arranged between the drill rod and the fixing sleeve, and an adjustable locking nut used for pre-tightening and limiting; at least a part of the drill rod is connected with the fixing sleeve through a spline, the outer diameter of the fixing sleeve is consistent with the hole diameter of the drill bit, and a slag discharging groove is arranged on the surface of the fixing sleeve; the damping stabilizer realizes the unification of damping and supporting functions through integrated design; the fixing sleeve can fully contact with the hole wall formed after the drill bit hole, so that the damping rod can be used as a stabilizing rod at the same time, the transverse vibration and bending of the drilling tool are inhibited, the guide hole formed after the drill bit hole is supported, and the perpendicularity of the guide hole and the quality of the well wall are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mining machinery technology, specifically to a shock absorber and stabilizer for a riser drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] Well drilling rigs are construction machines widely used in mining, tunneling, and other fields. They employ tricone drill bits for drilling operations. During drilling, due to factors such as uneven rock formations, the drill bit generates severe axial vibrations, which can lead to a series of serious hazards. Furthermore, traditional drill bits are prone to stress fatigue in the drill rod, resulting in drill rod breakage. As the depth of the pilot hole increases, the slenderness ratio of the drilling tool system increases, its stiffness decreases, and it is prone to large deflection deformation, impacting and rubbing against the well wall. This leads to a decrease in well wall quality, an increase in hole diameter, and further exacerbates fatigue damage to the drill rod. In easily inclined formations, strong vibration impacts can easily cause pilot hole deviation, forcing a reduction in drilling pressure and rotation speed to correct the deviation, severely reducing construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a vibration damping stabilizer for a well drilling rig to solve the problems caused by drill bit axial vibration and drill rod deformation, and to ensure the verticality of the pilot hole and the quality of the well wall.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a shock absorber and stabilizer for a well drilling rig, comprising: a drill rod, one axial end of which is connected to a drill bit, and a first stepped surface perpendicular to its axial direction and facing the other axial direction on the outer periphery of the drill rod; a fixed sleeve, the other axial end of which is connected to a drive component, having an inner cavity extending through its axial direction, the wall of the inner cavity having a second stepped surface and a third stepped surface, the second stepped surface being perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner cavity and facing the axial direction, the third stepped surface being opposite to the second stepped surface and facing the other axial direction, the drill rod passing through the inner cavity; a combined disc spring, sleeved on the drill rod and disposed between the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface; and a locking nut, movably disposed in the inner cavity along the axial direction and fixed to the other axial direction of the drill rod, cooperating with the third stepped surface; wherein at least a portion of the drill rod is connected to the fixed sleeve via a spline, the outer diameter of the fixed sleeve is consistent with the opening diameter of the drill bit, and its surface is provided with a slag discharge groove.

[0005] Beneficial effects: The integrated design unifies the functions of vibration damping and support, transforming the severe, transient axial impact load generated during drill bit rock breaking into smooth and continuous compression and rebound of the disc spring. This significantly smooths drill pressure fluctuations, protects the drill bit, drill pipe, and gearbox, ensures stable drill pressure, and thus improves rock breaking efficiency. Simultaneously, the outer diameter of the fixed sleeve matches the drill bit's bore diameter, allowing it to fully contact the guide hole wall formed after the drill bit is drilled. The fixed sleeve also acts as a stabilizing rod, suppressing lateral vibration and bending of the drill string, and supporting the guide hole formed after the drill bit is drilled, ensuring the verticality of the guide hole and the wellbore quality. Furthermore, because the vibration damper stabilizer can simultaneously support the guide hole, it can be designed to be longer. The entire vibration damper stabilizer can be used for the arrangement of combined disc springs, allowing for longer combined disc spring structures to buffer vibrations and achieve better vibration damping.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, the outer surface of the retaining sleeve is provided with a surrounding reinforced wear-resistant portion.

[0007] Beneficial effects: Considering that the fixed sleeve, as a shock absorber and stabilizer, is in direct contact with the borehole wall, and its outer surface is a vulnerable part due to continuous friction with the hard rock wall, the addition of a reinforced wear-resistant part can locally strengthen the vulnerable part. The higher hardness and wear resistance of the material extends the service life of the fixed sleeve, reduces the number of times the stabilizer rod needs to be pulled out of the hole for replacement due to excessive wear, lowers maintenance costs, and ensures the durability and reliability of the support effect during long well drilling. The reinforced wear-resistant part is formed by cladding the fixed sleeve with a wear-resistant alloy. For different drill bits and different borehole diameters, different thicknesses of wear-resistant alloy strips can be formed by cladding with different thicknesses of wear-resistant alloy to make the outer diameter of the fixed sleeve consistent with the borehole diameter of the drill bit, making the product design more flexible.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the wear-resistant reinforcement consists of multiple wear-resistant alloy strips extending axially, with a slag discharge channel defined between two adjacent wear-resistant alloy strips.

[0009] Beneficial Effects: The design of the wear-resistant alloy strips integrates reinforcement and functionality. By dispersing the wear-resistant area into multiple alloy strips, the gaps between the strips naturally form slag discharge channels. This avoids the tedious secondary processing of grooves on a complete wear-resistant layer, achieving synergy between structure and function. While ensuring excellent wear resistance, it also ensures unobstructed slag discharge channels. The wear-resistant alloy strips directly bear the friction with the borehole wall, while the through grooves provide low-resistance flow paths for rock slag and flushing fluid, effectively preventing mud buildup and pump blockage, and improving slag discharge efficiency.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the thickness of the wear-resistant alloy strip ranges from 8 mm to 18 mm.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The wear-resistant alloy strip has a thickness of 8mm-18mm, ensuring it provides basic wear resistance and sufficient safety margin even under extreme working conditions. Simultaneously, the thickness of the wear-resistant alloy strip determines the depth of the slag discharge channel, ensuring unobstructed slag discharge. The thickness design of the wear-resistant alloy strip provides flexibility in product design, allowing for the selection of an appropriate wear-resistant layer thickness based on expected formation wear characteristics, achieving an optimal balance between cost and performance.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the drill rod has a connecting part at one axial end, the connecting part has a mounting hole, and the mounting hole has an internal thread for mating with the drill bit.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The internal thread connection method is a mature, reliable, and standard design with strong torque transmission capability. Integrating the connection part into the drill rod end simplifies the overall structure, reduces the number of connecting parts, and the threaded connection between the drill bit and drill rod provides good rigidity, capable of withstanding large torque and tension, ensuring the reliability of power transmission between the drill bit and the shock absorber stabilizer. At the same time, it conforms to common standards, facilitating quick connection and replacement with standard drill bits on the market, improving the equipment's versatility and interchangeability.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the drill pipe has a fluid channel extending axially therethrough, the fluid channel communicating with an inner cavity; and / or, the fluid channel communicating with a mounting hole.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This establishes a complete internal circulation path for the flushing fluid. The liquid channel guides the flushing medium to the drill bit, directing it from the drilling rig's water pump to the drill bit's working face. This ensures that the flushing medium necessary for cooling the drill bit and carrying away rock cuttings can reach the working face efficiently and with low loss, significantly improving cuttings removal efficiency and drill bit cooling effect, enabling deep-hole, high-efficiency drilling. The connection between the channel and the inner cavity facilitates the flow of the flushing medium from the drive end to the inner cavity, and from the inner cavity into the liquid channel.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the fixing sleeve includes: a cylinder, a first end cap, and a second end cap. The cylinder defines an axially through installation space. The first end cap is disposed at one axial end of the cylinder to seal the gap between the drill rod and the cylinder. The second end cap is disposed at the other axial end of the cylinder to seal the gap between the drill rod and the cylinder.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By disassembling the complex retaining sleeve into a cylindrical body and two end caps, the processing, assembly, and maintenance procedures are greatly simplified. Each component can be manufactured using the most suitable materials and processes, significantly reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. In case of partial damage, such as to an end cap, only the damaged part needs to be replaced, without scrapping the entire retaining sleeve, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective. This design also facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the retaining sleeve.

[0018] In one alternative embodiment, the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap is connected to the drill rod via a spline, and the outer circumferential surface of the first end cap is connected to the cylinder via a thread.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Spline connections are widely used in applications requiring the transmission of high torque and allowing axial sliding, ensuring reliable power transmission and smooth axial movement between the drill pipe and the first end cap. The threaded connection between the first end cap and the cylinder provides strong axial locking force and excellent radial sealing, resulting in a more compact structure. This effectively prevents the end cap from loosening under vibration, improving the overall structural stability and sealing reliability.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, the second end cap includes a first connecting section and a second connecting section, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting section is threadedly connected to the cylinder; and the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting section is provided with an external thread for engaging with a drive component.

[0021] Beneficial effects: This design achieves a secure and sealed connection between the second end cap and the cylinder through a threaded connection, simplifying assembly and providing good connection rigidity. The external thread of the second connecting section provides a standard and reliable interface with drive components, such as the output end of a gearbox. This all-threaded connection scheme, while ensuring sufficient torque transmission capacity, may have lower manufacturing costs, providing a preferred solution for cost-sensitive applications and non-extreme operating conditions.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the locking nut is movably disposed within the second end cover in the axial direction away from the combined disc spring, and is limited to engage with a third stepped surface disposed on the inner wall of the second end cover.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By clearly defining the direction of movement of the locking nut as "away from the combined disc spring," the operation direction for adjusting the preload is limited. This allows on-site operators to operate intuitively and accurately during installation or commissioning: screwing the locking nut in, away from the disc spring, increases the disc spring preload; screwing it out decreases the preload. This clear operational logic significantly reduces the risk of misoperation, ensuring that the vibration damping system can be correctly set to its optimal operating state, thereby achieving the expected vibration damping performance.

[0024] In one optional embodiment, a first sealing structure is provided between the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap and the drill rod, and the first sealing structure is located on the outside of the connection position between the first end cap and the drill rod.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The first sealing structure is located on the outermost side and serves as the first barrier to prevent the intrusion of external abrasive rock cuttings and muddy water. This greatly improves the sealing reliability of the entire device in harsh drilling environments, effectively prevents contaminants from entering the inner cavity and damaging the disc springs and spline pairs, and extends the life of core components.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the shock absorber further includes a positioning sleeve, which is fitted inside the second end cap and onto the drill rod with its outer peripheral surface engaging with the wall of the installation space. A second sealing structure is provided between the positioning sleeve and the drill rod.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The positioning sleeve provides auxiliary support and guidance for the drill pipe, ensuring the stability of its axial movement. The introduction of the positioning sleeve improves the straightness of the drill pipe's movement, reduces the risk of swaying and jamming, and makes the shock absorption process smoother. Furthermore, the second sealing structure provides a second seal, greatly enhancing the sealing reliability of the entire device in harsh drilling environments, effectively preventing contaminants from entering the inner cavity and damaging the disc springs and spline pairs, and extending the lifespan of core components.

[0028] In one alternative embodiment, the inner wall of the cylinder near the openings on both axial sides expands outward in the direction of the openings.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The "outward expansion" of the inner wall of the cylinder, that is, the formation of chamfered or conical surfaces, facilitates the guidance of the end caps into place. The guiding structure of the cylinder makes the installation of the end caps and internal components very easy, avoiding bumps and damage during the assembly process, and improving assembly efficiency and quality.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, a first limiting plate perpendicular to its axial direction is provided on the outer periphery of the first end cap, and the first limiting plate cooperates with the end of one axial end of the cylinder.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The first limiting plate constitutes a simple "axial positioning" structure, which restricts the axial movement of the end cap by end face contact. The limiting plate structure is simple and reliable, easy to process, and can effectively withstand the axial force generated during operation, ensuring the correct position of the end cap inside the cylinder and enhancing the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0032] In one optional embodiment, a second limiting plate perpendicular to its axial direction is provided on the outer periphery of the second end cap, and the second limiting plate cooperates with the end of the other end of the cylinder axial direction.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The second limiting plate constitutes a simple "axial positioning" structure, which restricts the axial movement of the end cap through end-face contact. The limiting plate structure is simple and reliable, easy to process, and can effectively withstand the axial force generated during operation, ensuring the correct position of the end cap inside the cylinder and enhancing the rigidity and stability of the overall structure. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of a shock absorber stabilizer according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a shock absorber stabilizer according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000, Shock absorber and stabilizer; 1. Drill pipe; 101. First step surface; 102. Connecting part; 103. Internal thread; 104. Liquid flow channel; 2. Fixing sleeve; 21. Second step surface; 25. Cylinder body; 252. Slag discharge channel; 26. First end cap; 2601. First limiting plate; 27. Second end cap; 271. Third stepped surface; 2701. First connecting section; 2702. Second connecting section; 2703. Second limiting plate; 3. Combined disc springs; 4. Locking nut; 5. Reinforced wear-resistant part; 51. Wear-resistant alloy strip; 6. Positioning sleeve; 71. First sealing structure; 72. Second sealing structure; 2000, Drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] A borehole drilling rig is a type of construction machinery widely used in mining, tunneling, and other fields. It uses a tricone drill bit for pilot hole drilling. During drilling, due to factors such as uneven rock formations, the drill bit generates severe axial vibrations, which can cause a series of serious hazards. Related technologies achieve vibration reduction by integrating damping components into the drill bit; however, the arrangement of these components is limited by the drill bit's structure, resulting in poor damping performance. Furthermore, traditional drill bits are prone to stress fatigue in the drill rod, leading to breakage. As the depth of the pilot hole increases, the slenderness ratio of the drilling tool system increases, its stiffness decreases, and it is prone to large deflection deformation, impacting and rubbing against the well wall. This leads to a decrease in well wall quality, an increase in borehole diameter, and further exacerbates fatigue damage to the drill rod. In easily inclined formations, strong vibrations can easily cause the pilot hole to deviate, forcing a reduction in drilling pressure and rotation speed to correct the deviation, severely reducing construction efficiency.

[0039] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] This application provides a shock absorber stabilizer 1000 for a well drilling rig, comprising: a drill rod 1, a fixing sleeve 2, a combined disc spring 3, and a locking nut 4.

[0041] The drill rod 1 has one axial end for connecting to the drill bit 2000. The outer periphery of the drill rod 1 is provided with a first stepped surface 101 that is perpendicular to its axial direction and faces the other axial end. The other axial end of the fixed sleeve 2 is used for connecting to the drive component. It has an inner cavity that runs through its axial direction. The inner cavity wall is provided with a second stepped surface 21 that is perpendicular to its axial direction and faces the other axial end. The drill rod 1 passes through the inner cavity. The combined disc spring 3 is sleeved on the drill rod 1 and is located between the first stepped surface 101 and the second stepped surface 21.

[0042] The aforementioned structure constitutes the core of the vibration damping function of the shock absorber stabilizer 1000. The first stepped surface 101 and the second stepped surface 21 together define a precise accommodating space between the drill rod 1 and the fixed sleeve 2, allowing the combined disc spring 3 to be pre-installed and operate stably there. This cleverly transforms the impact load borne by the drill bit 2000 into compression of the disc spring, and smoothly transmits the stable drilling pressure applied by the drive component through the fixed sleeve 2 to the drill bit 2000 through the disc spring. This stepped surface limiting combined with disc spring buffering scheme realizes the transformation of the impactful and unstable drilling pressure into a relatively stable and continuous rock-breaking load, thereby suppressing axial vibration at its source.

[0043] The inner wall of the fixed sleeve 2 is provided with a third step surface 271 that is perpendicular to its axis, opposite to the second step surface 21, and facing the other end of the axis. The locking nut 4 is movably disposed in the inner cavity and fixed to the other end of the drill rod 1 along the axis, and cooperates with the third step surface 271.

[0044] The design of the third step surface 271 and the locking nut 4 creates an adjustable preload and limit mechanism. The position of the locking nut 4 on the drill pipe 1 is adjustable, allowing it to tighten or loosen the combined disc spring 3, thereby precisely setting the initial pre-compression of the disc spring, i.e., the preload force. This enables the vibration damping stabilizer 1000 to be "precisely adjusted" according to different formation lithology and drilling pressure requirements, optimizing its vibration damping performance. Simultaneously, the engagement of the locking nut 4 and the third step surface 271 also constitutes the limit position of the axial movement of the drill pipe 1, preventing damage to internal components due to excessive stretching or compression, thus providing safety protection.

[0045] At least a portion of the drill rod 1 is connected to the fixed sleeve 2 via a spline. The spline connection design ensures that the huge rotational torque of the well drilling rig can be efficiently and reliably transmitted from the fixed sleeve 2 to the drill rod 1 and even the drill bit 2000, while not hindering the axial sliding of the drill rod 1 necessary for damping vibration. This is the key to achieving both "vibration reduction" and "power transmission" functions.

[0046] The outer diameter of the fixed sleeve 2 matches the opening diameter of the drill bit 2000, and its surface is provided with a slag discharge groove 252, enabling the riser rig's shock absorber stabilizer 1000 to integrate the function of a stabilizer rod. It can tightly fit against the guide hole wall, providing strong intermediate support for the slender drilling tool system, greatly improving the rigidity of the drilling tool, effectively preventing drill pipe 1 bending and well wall collision, and ensuring hole quality. The slag discharge groove 252 ensures unobstructed flow of flushing fluid, which is essential for efficient slag removal and normal drilling operations.

[0047] The shock absorber stabilizer 1000 integrates shock absorption and support functions through a unified design. It transforms the severe, transient axial impact load generated by the drill bit 2000 during rock breaking into smooth, continuous compression and rebound of the disc spring. This significantly smooths drill pressure fluctuations, protects the drill bit 2000, drill rod 1, and gearbox, ensures stable drill pressure, and thus improves rock breaking efficiency. Simultaneously, the outer diameter of the fixing sleeve 2 matches the opening diameter of the drill bit 2000, allowing it to fully conform to the shape formed after the drill bit 2000 has made its opening. The guide hole wall is in contact with the fixed sleeve 2, which can also act as a stabilizer to suppress the lateral vibration and bending of the drill bit. It can also support the guide hole formed after the drill bit 2000 opens the hole, ensuring the verticality of the guide hole and the quality of the well wall. At the same time, since the shock absorber 1000 can also support the guide hole, the shock absorber 1000 can be designed to be longer. The entire shock absorber 1000 can be used for the arrangement of the combined disc spring 3. A longer combined disc spring 3 structure can be arranged to buffer vibration and achieve better shock absorption.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The outer surface of the fixed sleeve 2 is provided with a surrounding reinforced wear-resistant part 5. Considering that the fixed sleeve 2, as a structure that directly contacts the guide hole wall as a shock absorber and stabilizer 1000, is subject to continuous friction with the hard rock wall, its outer surface is a vulnerable part. The addition of the reinforced wear-resistant part 5 can locally strengthen the vulnerable part. The higher hardness and wear resistance of the material extends the service life of the fixed sleeve 2, reduces the number of times it needs to be pulled out of the drill string to replace it due to the rapid wear of the stabilizer rod, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the durability and reliability of the support effect during long well drilling. The reinforced wear-resistant part 5 is formed by cladding the outside of the fixed sleeve 2 with a wear-resistant alloy. For different drill bits 2000 with different opening diameters, different thicknesses of wear-resistant alloy strips 51 can be formed by cladding different thicknesses of wear-resistant alloy to make the outer diameter of the fixed sleeve 2 consistent with the opening diameter of the drill bit 2000, making the product design more flexible.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments, the reinforced wear-resistant part 5 consists of multiple wear-resistant alloy strips 51 extending axially. A slag discharge channel 252 is defined between adjacent wear-resistant alloy strips 51. The design of the wear-resistant alloy strips 51 integrates reinforcement and functionality. By dispersing the wear-resistant part into multiple alloy strips, the gaps between the strips naturally form slag discharge channels. This avoids the tedious secondary processing of grooves on a complete wear-resistant layer, achieving synergy between structure and function. While ensuring excellent wear resistance, it also ensures unobstructed slag discharge channels. The wear-resistant alloy strips 51 directly bear the friction with the borehole wall, while the channel provides a low-resistance flow path for rock slag and flushing fluid, effectively preventing mud buildup and pump blockage, and improving slag discharge efficiency.

[0050] In some embodiments, the thickness of the wear-resistant alloy strip 51 is 8mm-18mm. This ensures that the wear-resistant alloy strip 51 provides basic wear resistance and sufficient safety margin even under extremely harsh working conditions. Simultaneously, the thickness of the wear-resistant alloy strip 51 also determines the depth of the slag discharge channel 252, ensuring unobstructed slag discharge. The thickness design of the wear-resistant alloy strip 51 provides flexibility in product design, allowing for the selection of an appropriate wear-resistant layer thickness based on the expected formation wear characteristics, achieving an optimal balance between cost and performance.

[0051] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the axial end of the drill rod 1 is provided with a connecting part 102. The connecting part 102 has a mounting hole, and the mounting hole has an internal thread 103 for connecting with the drill bit 2000. The connection method using the internal thread 103 is a mature, reliable, and high-torque-transmission standard design. Integrating the connecting part 102 into the end of the drill rod 1 simplifies the overall structure and reduces the number of connecting parts 102. The threaded connection between the drill bit 2000 and the drill rod 1 provides good rigidity and can withstand large torque and tension, ensuring the reliability of power transmission between the drill bit 2000 and the shock absorber 1000. At the same time, it conforms to common standards, facilitating quick connection and replacement with standard drill bits 2000 on the market, improving the versatility and interchangeability of the equipment.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the drill rod 1 has a liquid flow channel 104 extending along its axial direction, the liquid flow channel 104 communicating with the inner cavity, and further, the liquid flow channel 104 communicating with the mounting hole.

[0053] Thus, a complete internal circulation path for the flushing fluid is constructed. The liquid flow channel 104 guides the flushing medium to the drill bit 2000, directing it from the drilling rig water pump to the working face of the drill bit 2000. This ensures that the flushing medium necessary for cooling the drill bit 2000 and carrying rock cuttings can reach the working face efficiently and with low loss, significantly improving the cuttings removal efficiency and the cooling effect of the drill bit 2000, enabling deep-hole, high-efficiency drilling. The connection between the flow channel and the inner cavity facilitates the flow of the flushing medium from the drive end to the inner cavity, and from the inner cavity into the liquid flow channel 104.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the fixing sleeve 2 includes: a cylindrical body 25, a first end cap 26 and a second end cap 27. The cylindrical body 25 defines an axially through installation space. The first end cap 26 is located at one axial end of the cylindrical body 25 to block the gap between the drill rod 1 and the cylindrical body 25. The second end cap 27 is located at the other axial end of the cylindrical body 25 to block the gap between the drill rod 1 and the cylindrical body 25.

[0055] By disassembling the complex retaining sleeve 2 into a cylindrical body 25 and two end caps, the processing, assembly, and maintenance procedures are greatly simplified. Each component can be manufactured using the most suitable materials and processes, significantly reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost. In case of partial damage, such as to an end cap, only the damaged component needs to be replaced, without scrapping the entire retaining sleeve 2, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective. This design also facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components of the retaining sleeve 2.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap 26 is connected to the drill rod 1 via a spline, and the outer circumferential surface of the first end cap 26 is connected to the cylinder 25 via a thread.

[0057] Spline connections are widely used in applications requiring the transmission of high torque and allowing axial sliding, ensuring reliable power transmission and smooth axial movement between the drill pipe 1 and the first end cap 26. The threaded connection between the first end cap 26 and the cylinder 25 provides strong axial locking force and excellent radial sealing, resulting in a more compact structure. This effectively prevents the end cap from loosening under vibration, improving the overall structural stability and sealing reliability.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second end cap 27 includes a first connecting section 2701 and a second connecting section 2702. The outer peripheral surface of the first connecting section 2701 is connected to the cylinder 25 by a thread; the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting section 2702 is provided with an external thread for cooperating with the driving component.

[0059] The second end cap 27 and the cylinder 25 are secured and sealed via a threaded connection, simplifying assembly and ensuring good connection rigidity. The external thread of the second connecting section 2702 provides a standard and reliable interface with drive components, such as the output end of a gearbox. This all-threaded connection scheme, while ensuring sufficient torque transmission capacity, may have lower manufacturing costs, providing a preferred solution for cost-sensitive applications operating under non-extreme conditions.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 The locking nut 4 is movably disposed in the second end cover 27 in the axial direction away from the combined disc spring 3, and is limited and engaged with the third step surface 271 disposed on the inner wall of the second end cover 27.

[0061] By clearly defining the direction of movement of the locking nut 4 as "away from the combined disc spring 3," the operation direction for adjusting the preload is defined. This allows on-site operators to perform the operation intuitively and accurately during installation or commissioning: screwing in the locking nut 4 to move it away from the disc spring increases the disc spring preload, while screwing it out decreases the preload. This clear operational logic greatly reduces the risk of misoperation and ensures that the vibration damping system can be correctly set to its optimal working state, thereby achieving the expected vibration damping performance.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, a first sealing structure 71 is provided between the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap 26 and the drill pipe 1. The first sealing structure 71 is located on the outer side of the connection position between the first end cap 26 and the drill pipe 1. The first sealing structure 71 is located on the outermost side and is the first barrier to prevent external abrasive rock cuttings and mud from entering. It greatly improves the sealing reliability of the entire device in harsh drilling environments, effectively prevents contaminants from entering the inner cavity and damaging the disc spring and spline pair, and extends the life of the core components.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the shock absorber stabilizer 1000 also includes a positioning sleeve 6, which is fitted inside the second end cover 27. The positioning sleeve 6 is fitted onto the drill rod 1 and its outer peripheral surface mates with the wall surface of the installation space. A second sealing structure 72 is provided between the positioning sleeve 6 and the drill rod 1.

[0064] The positioning sleeve 6 provides auxiliary support and guidance for the drill pipe 1, ensuring the stability of its axial movement. The introduction of the positioning sleeve 6 improves the straightness of the drill pipe 1's movement, reduces the risk of swaying and jamming, and makes the shock absorption process smoother. Furthermore, the second sealing structure 72 provides a second seal, greatly enhancing the sealing reliability of the entire device in harsh drilling environments, effectively preventing contaminants from entering the inner cavity and damaging the disc spring and spline pair, and extending the lifespan of core components.

[0065] Reference Figure 2 The inner wall of the cylinder 25 near the openings on both sides of the axial direction expands outward in the direction close to the opening. This "outward expansion" of the inner wall of the cylinder 25, forming a chamfered or conical surface, facilitates the guidance of the end cap into place. The guiding structure of the cylinder 25 makes the installation of the end cap and internal components very easy, avoiding bumps and damage during the assembly process, and improving assembly efficiency and quality.

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first limiting plate 2601 perpendicular to the axial direction is provided on the outer periphery of the first end cap 26. The first limiting plate 2601 cooperates with the end of the cylinder 25 at one axial end. The first limiting plate 2601 constitutes a simple "axial positioning" structure, which restricts the axial movement of the end cap by end face contact. The limiting plate structure is simple and reliable, easy to process, and can effectively withstand the axial force generated during operation, ensuring the correct position of the end cap in the cylinder 25, and enhancing the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a second limiting plate 2703 perpendicular to the axial direction is provided on the outer periphery of the second end cap 27. The second limiting plate 2703 cooperates with the end of the other end of the cylinder 25 along the axial direction. The second limiting plate 2703 constitutes a simple "axial positioning" structure, which restricts the axial movement of the end cap by end face contact. The limiting plate structure is simple and reliable, easy to process, and can effectively withstand the axial force generated during operation, ensuring the correct position of the end cap in the cylinder 25, and enhancing the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0068] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a shock absorber stabilizer 1000, the core of which lies in integrating shock absorption and stable support functions into one unit. The shock absorber stabilizer 1000 mainly includes a drill rod 1, a fixing sleeve 2, a combined disc spring 3, and a locking nut 4.

[0070] One axial end of drill pipe 1, that is Figure 2 The lower end is used to connect to the drill bit 2000, which includes a tricone drill bit 2000. One axial end of the drill rod 1 is provided with a connecting part 102, which has a mounting hole and an internal thread 103 for connecting with the standard external thread of the drill bit 2000.

[0071] A first stepped surface 101 is machined on the outer periphery of drill pipe 1, and this stepped surface faces the other end of the axial direction of drill pipe 1, that is... Figure 2 The upper end of the drill rod 1 has a liquid flow channel 104 that runs through it along its axial direction. One end of the flow channel is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve 2, and the other end is connected to the mounting hole. It is used to transport flushing media, such as mud or water, to the drill bit 2000 to cool the drill bit 2000 and discharge rock cuttings.

[0072] The other axial end of the fixed sleeve 2 is used for connection to a drive component, such as the output end of a propulsion cylinder and a rotary gearbox. The fixed sleeve 2 has an axially extending internal cavity through which the drill rod 1 passes. In this embodiment, the fixed sleeve 2 is a modular structure, including a cylinder 25, a first end cap 26, and a second end cap 27. The cylinder 25 defines an axially extending installation space. The first end cap 26 is threadedly connected to one axial end of the cylinder 25 to seal the gap between the drill rod 1 and the cylinder 25. The second end cap 27 is threadedly connected to the other axial end of the cylinder 25 to seal the gap between the drill rod 1 and the cylinder 25.

[0073] The inner cavity wall is provided with a second stepped surface 21 and a third stepped surface 271. The second stepped surface 21 faces one axial end and is formed by a protrusion on the inner wall of the cylinder 25. The third stepped surface 271 faces the other axial end and is disposed opposite to the second stepped surface 21. In this embodiment, it is formed by a protrusion on the inner wall of the second end cap 27.

[0074] The combined disc spring 3 is sleeved on the drill rod 1 and placed in the space formed between the first step surface 101 on the drill rod 1 and the second step surface 21 on the fixed sleeve 2.

[0075] The locking nut 4 is threadedly fixed to the other axial end of the drill rod 1. It is axially movable within the cavity of the second end cover 27 and forms a limiting fit with the third stepped surface 271. By tightening the locking nut 4, the pre-compression of the combined disc spring 3 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the stiffness and initial load of the damping system.

[0076] Torque is transmitted between the drill rod 1 and the fixed sleeve 2 via a spline connection. Specifically, the inner circumferential surface of the first end cover 26 is connected to the drill rod 1 via a spline pair, allowing the drill rod 1 to slide axially within the first end cover 26 but not to rotate relative to it.

[0077] The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve 2 is the same as the diameter of the guide hole drilled by the connected drill bit 2000. Its outer surface is provided with a surrounding reinforced wear-resistant part 5. In this embodiment, the reinforced wear-resistant part 5 consists of multiple wear-resistant alloy strips 51 extending axially. These wear-resistant alloy strips 51 are fixed to the outer surface of the cylinder 25 by means of cladding or other methods, exhibiting extremely high wear resistance. The gap between two adjacent wear-resistant alloy strips 51 forms the slag discharge channel 252, facilitating the smooth passage of the flushing medium carrying rock slag.

[0078] To ensure a tight seal, a first sealing structure 71, such as an O-ring, is provided between the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap 26 and the drill rod 1. This sealing structure is located on the outside of the spline connection position to prevent external rock cuttings and mud from entering the interior. Furthermore, a positioning sleeve 6 is provided inside the second end cap 27. This positioning sleeve 6 is fitted onto the drill rod 1 and engages with a protrusion on the inner wall of the cylinder 25. Its outer circumferential surface engages with the wall surface of the mounting space of the cylinder 25, providing auxiliary support and guiding centering. A second sealing structure 72 is provided between the positioning sleeve 6 and the drill rod 1 to further ensure the sealing of the inner cavity.

[0079] To facilitate assembly, the inner wall of the cylinder 25 near its axial openings on both sides is designed with chamfers or tapered surfaces, i.e., it expands outwards in the direction near the openings. A first limiting plate 2601 extending radially outwards is provided on the outer periphery of the first end cap 26. This first limiting plate 2601 abuts against the end of the cylinder 25 at one axial end, restricting the inward movement of the first end cap 26. Similarly, a second limiting plate 2703 extending radially outwards is provided on the outer periphery of the second end cap 27. This second limiting plate 2703 abuts against the end of the cylinder 25 at the other axial end, restricting the inward movement of the second end cap 27.

[0080] The second end cover 27 specifically includes a first connecting section 2701 and a second connecting section 2702. The outer peripheral surface of the first connecting section 2701 is threadedly connected to the cylinder 25. The outer peripheral surface of the second connecting section 2702 is machined with external threads for connection to a drive component, such as the gearbox spindle.

[0081] Working principle: During operation, the torque of the drive component is transmitted to the entire fixed sleeve 2 through the second end cover 27, and then to the drill rod 1 and drill bit 2000 through the spline joint between the first end cover 26 and the drill rod 1, driving the drill bit 2000 to rotate. At the same time, the axial drilling pressure applied by the drive component is transmitted to the drill rod 1 through the second end cover 27, the second step surface 21, and the combined disc spring 3, and finally acts on the drill bit 2000.

[0082] When drill bit 2000 encounters hard or heterogeneous rock formations and experiences impact vibration, the enormous axial impact force causes drill pipe 1 to move axially relative to fixed sleeve 2, compressing the combined disc spring 3. The impact energy is absorbed by the disc spring and converted into elastic potential energy. When the impact force decreases, the disc spring extends and releases energy, pushing drill pipe 1 and drill bit 2000 back to their original positions, maintaining relatively stable drilling pressure. This process effectively buffers axial vibration, ensuring smooth operation of drill bit 2000.

[0083] The wear-resistant alloy strip 51 on the outer edge of the fixed sleeve 2 fits against the guide hole wall, providing stable support and preventing the drill bit from deviating. The flushing medium flows to the drill bit 2000 through the liquid flow channel 104 of the drill rod 1, and then carries the rock cuttings back to the ground through the cuttings discharge channel 252 on the outer edge of the fixed sleeve 2.

[0084] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A shock absorber and stabilizer for a well drilling rig, characterized in that, include: A drill rod, one axial end of which is used to connect to a drill bit, and a first stepped surface perpendicular to its axial direction and facing the other axial end is provided on the outer periphery of the drill rod. A fixed sleeve, the other axial end of which is used to connect a drive component, has an inner cavity that extends through it along its axial direction. The wall of the inner cavity is provided with a second stepped surface and a third stepped surface. The second stepped surface is perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner cavity and faces one axial end. The third stepped surface is opposite to the second stepped surface and faces the other axial end. The drill rod passes through the inner cavity. A combined disc spring is sleeved on the drill rod and positioned between the first step surface and the second step surface; A locking nut is axially movable in the inner cavity and fixed to the other axial end of the drill rod, and mates with the third step surface; At least a portion of the drill rod is connected to the fixing sleeve via a spline. The outer diameter of the fixing sleeve is the same as the opening diameter of the drill bit, and its surface is provided with a slag discharge groove.

2. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the fixing sleeve is provided with a circumferentially arranged reinforcing wear-resistant part.

3. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The reinforced wear-resistant part consists of multiple wear-resistant alloy strips extending axially, with the slag discharge channel defined between two adjacent wear-resistant alloy strips.

4. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the wear-resistant alloy strip ranges from 8mm to 18mm.

5. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod has a connecting part at one axial end, and the connecting part has a mounting hole with an internal thread for connecting with the drill bit.

6. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The drill pipe has a liquid flow channel extending along its axial direction, the liquid flow channel communicating with the inner cavity; and / or, the liquid flow channel communicating with the mounting hole.

7. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing sleeve includes: a cylinder, a first end cap, and a second end cap. The cylinder defines an axially penetrating installation space. The first end cap is located at one axial end of the cylinder to seal the gap between the drill rod and the cylinder. The second end cap is located at the other axial end of the cylinder to seal the gap between the drill rod and the cylinder.

8. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inner circumferential surface of the first end cap is connected to the drill rod via a spline, and the outer circumferential surface of the first end cap is connected to the cylinder via a thread; And / or, the second end cap includes a first connecting section and a second connecting section, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting section is threadedly connected to the cylinder; and the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting section is provided with an external thread for engaging with a driving component. And / or, the locking nut is movably disposed within the second end cover in an axial direction away from the combined disc spring, and is limited in engagement with the third stepped surface disposed on the inner wall of the second end cover.

9. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A first sealing structure is provided between the inner circumferential surface of the first end cap and the drill rod, and the first sealing structure is located on the outside of the connection position between the first end cap and the drill rod; And / or, the shock absorber further includes a positioning sleeve, which is fitted inside the second end cap, fitted onto the drill rod and with its outer circumferential surface engaging with the wall of the installation space, and a second sealing structure is provided between the positioning sleeve and the drill rod.

10. The shock absorber and stabilizer as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the cylinder near the openings on both axial sides expands outward in the direction close to the openings; And / or, the outer periphery of the first end cap is provided with a first limiting plate perpendicular to its axial direction, and the first limiting plate cooperates with the end of one axial end of the cylinder; and / or, the outer periphery of the second end cap is provided with a second limiting plate perpendicular to its axial direction, and the second limiting plate cooperates with the end of the other axial end of the cylinder.

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