Transmission and drivetrain for a vehicle

Abstract

Transmission (210) for a vehicle (1201) with a drive shaft (221) and an output shaft (222), with an automatic transmission (213) composed of a plurality of planetary gear sets for switchable adjustment of a plurality of speed ratios between a speed of the drive shaft (221) and a speed of the output shaft (222), and with a reversing unit (215) connected in series in a drive connection between the drive shaft (221) and the output shaft (222) to the automatic transmission (213) for switchable adjustment of a reversal of the direction of rotation acting on the plurality of speed ratios between a direction of rotation of the drive shaft (221) and a direction of rotation of the output shaft (222), characterized in that the transmission (210) has a transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545) in which the automatic transmission (213) and the reversing unit (215) are jointly arranged are that the gearbox housing (225;441, 443, 545) a housing wall (441, 545) extending continuously in the direction of extension of the drive shaft (221) and the output shaft (222) and enclosing the automatic transmission (213) and the reversing unit (215), and a housing cover (443) closing the housing wall (441, 545) on the side of the output shaft (222), wherein the output shaft (222) extends through an opening in the housing cover (443).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission comprising an automatic transmission for a vehicle and to a drive train for a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle with two equivalent directions of travel.

[0002] Especially in railway applications, due to low production volumes, automatic transmissions from other sectors, such as bus or truck transmissions, are used. These transmissions have a large number of forward gears but usually only one reverse gear. Specifically for railway applications, it is necessary to maintain the same speed in both forward and reverse. A reversing unit can be used for this purpose.

[0003] DE 10 2010 039 862 A1 describes a reversing gear unit that is designed as a separate component and is arranged behind a gearbox in the direction of power flow.

[0004] Furthermore, EP 2 251 223 A2 discloses a drive train for a vehicle with two equivalent directions of travel. This drive train includes, among other things, a changeover gearbox and a reversing gearbox for changing the direction of travel. The reversing gearbox is designed independently of the changeover gearbox.

[0005] Against this background, the present invention provides an improved transmission and a better drivetrain for a vehicle according to the main claims. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims and the following description.

[0006] The functionality of a reversing unit can be integrated into a main gearbox using a reversing unit. This allows for the creation of a gearbox that combines the functionality of both the reversing unit and the main gearbox. This approach can be used, for example, to integrate a reversing unit into an automatic transmission. The reversing unit can, for instance, convert gears originally intended as forward gears in an automatic transmission into equivalent reverse gears. Thus, two equivalent directions of travel can be provided.

[0007] Advantageously, such an integrated transmission, which combines an automatic transmission and a reversing unit in a single transmission housing, can be characterized by its simple design and thus low manufacturing costs, as well as its compact construction and therefore minimal installation space requirement. Furthermore, a coaxial design can be implemented. A single oil supply is sufficient for the combined functionalities of the transmission. In addition, a very high gear efficiency can be achieved in an embodiment where the reversing unit rotates as a single block. The entire transmission can also be enclosed in a single housing. By eliminating the need for a separate reversing unit, significant design complexity and weight can be avoided.Furthermore, no separate housing, no separate gear actuator and no separate oil supply are required for the automatic transmission and the reversing unit.

[0008] A transmission for a vehicle with a drive shaft and an output shaft, comprising an automatic transmission built from a plurality of planetary gear sets for switchable adjustment of a plurality of speed ratios between a speed of the drive shaft and a speed of the output shaft, and comprising a reversing unit connected in series in a drive connection between the drive shaft and the output shaft to the automatic transmission for switchable adjustment of a reversal of the direction of rotation acting on the plurality of speed ratios between a direction of rotation of the drive shaft and a direction of rotation of the output shaft, is characterized in that the transmission has a transmission housing in which the automatic transmission and the reversing unit are jointly arranged.

[0009] The vehicle can be a motor vehicle, for example, a rail vehicle such as a locomotive or traction unit, a motor vessel, an agricultural implement, a conveying vehicle, or a special application in the military sector. The transmission can therefore also be used for railway applications. According to one embodiment, the vehicle can be a vehicle with two equivalent directions of travel. Equivalent directions of travel can be understood to mean that the same number of gears are available for forward and reverse travel. This allows the same speed to be achieved in both directions.

[0010] The drive shaft can represent an interface to a vehicle drive system, such as an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. The output shaft can represent an interface to a drive wheel or axle gearbox of the vehicle. The drive shaft and the output shaft can be coupled to each other via the gearbox. According to one embodiment, the drive shaft and the output shaft can have their functions reversed, so that the drive shaft acts as the output and the output shaft as the input.

[0011] The transmission can thus establish the drive connection between the input shaft and the output shaft. When torque is transmitted between the input and output shafts during transmission operation, the automatic transmission and the reversing unit are, due to their series connection, jointly involved in the power flow between the input and output shafts. Power can therefore flow through the transmission via both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. Consequently, the reversing unit's rotational direction, when engaged, can affect any of the majority of speed ratios provided by the automatic transmission.

[0012] Both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit can each have one or more switching elements. In particular, the automatic transmission can have multiple switching elements to provide different speed ratios or torque ratios between an input shaft and an output shaft. Using multiple switching elements, the multiple planetary gear sets of the automatic transmission can be interconnected in different ways to provide these multiple speed ratios.

[0013] Depending on the design, a switching element can be, for example, a clutch or a brake. A switching element can also combine the functionality of a clutch and a brake. A switching element can be designed as a force-fit, friction-fit, or positive-fit switching element. Different types of switching elements can be used. If only force-fit switching elements are used, shifting can occur when the transmission is stationary. A switching element can be actuated, for example, hydraulically, electromagnetically, electromechanically, or pneumatically.

[0014] Both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit can each have multiple transmission elements, such as shafts, gears, or webs, which can be interconnected in various configurations controlled by the shift elements. The automatic transmission can provide the functionality of a main transmission or a continuously variable transmission (CVT) in the vehicle. The multiple speed ratios can correspond to different gear ratios or transmission ratios.

[0015] Reversing the direction of rotation causes the output shaft to rotate in the opposite direction while the input shaft remains unchanged. Depending on the configuration of the switching element or the switching elements used for the reversing function, the output shaft can rotate either in the same direction as the input shaft or in the opposite direction. This allows the functionality of a reversing stage, also known as a reversing gearbox or reversing unit, to be implemented. Reversing the direction of rotation can be used to change the direction of travel, for example, to enable both forward and reverse travel with the same engine speed.Depending on the transmission design, the switching elements used for the reversing function can be operated independently of, or in conjunction with, the switching elements of the automatic transmission used for setting the majority of speed ratios. Due to the series connection of the automatic transmission and the reversing unit, the reversing function can affect all gear ratios provided by the automatic transmission.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the shifting elements of both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit can be enclosed or supported by the transmission housing. The transmission housing can thus also serve as a support structure for the transmission. The transmission housing can completely or at least partially enclose the transmission elements, such as shafts, gears, and shifting elements of both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. The transmission housing can enclose a continuous housing space in which the transmission elements are arranged together. The input shaft can extend from a first end wall region of the transmission housing, and the output shaft can extend from a second end wall region of the transmission housing.One or both end wall sections of the transmission housing can be open or closed by a housing section, such as a cover. The end wall sections can be arranged opposite each other. A continuous housing wall of the transmission housing can extend between the end wall sections. Thus, the transmission housing can extend over its entire length, for example, along the direction of travel of the input and output shafts of the transmission. In particular, a portion of the transmission housing interior belonging to the automatic transmission can transition seamlessly into a portion belonging to the reversing unit without a partition. This eliminates the need for two separate housings for the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. The automatic transmission and the reversing unit can therefore each be arranged within the transmission housing without their own separate housings.This can lead to both cost savings and a reduction in the installation space of the gearbox.

[0017] However, another embodiment can also provide a partition between the automatic transmission and the reversing unit within one of the transmission housings. Such a partition in the transmission housing can, for example, serve to support transmission shafts or to guide oil within the transmission housing.

[0018] The automatic transmission can be designed as a stepped automatic transmission in the form of a planetary gear set. Such transmission types are particularly suitable for use in railway applications.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the automatic transmission can be arranged on the input shaft side and the reversing unit can be arranged on the output shaft side. In this case, a known housing from a vehicle's main transmission can be used as the transmission housing, which can be supplemented by an intermediate housing section spanning the reversing unit.

[0020] According to an alternative embodiment, the automatic transmission can be arranged on the output shaft side and the reversing unit can be arranged on the input shaft side. In this case, a known housing of a vehicle's main transmission can also be used, which can be supplemented by an additional housing section spanning the reversing unit. Thus, existing housings or housing sections can be reused.

[0021] The transmission may include a starting element. The starting element may be located within the transmission housing. It may be a component commonly used in vehicles, enabling torque transmission even with a speed difference between the input and output shafts of the starting element. The starting element may be located in the drive connection between the input shaft and the output shaft. Alternatively, the starting element may be located on the input shaft side. This arrangement may correspond to a known configuration of a starting element and the main transmission. The starting element may also be located between the reversing unit and the automatic transmission. This may be advantageous for a starting element that is independent of the direction of rotation.

[0022] The reversing unit and the automatic transmission can each be independently functioning sub-transmissions of the transmission. The reversing unit and the automatic transmission can be coupled to each other via a shaft. According to one embodiment, a known transmission can be used for the reversing unit to implement the reversing function. A known main transmission can be used for the automatic transmission. Due to the shared transmission housing, the automatic transmission and the reversing unit can be arranged very close together or overlapping.

[0023] A section of the transmission housing's interior belonging to the automatic transmission and a section belonging to the reversing unit can seamlessly merge into one another. This seamless merge means that the interior sections directly adjoin or merge into each other without any partition or divider. This allows for a very compact transmission design.

[0024] The gearbox housing has a continuous housing wall extending along the direction of both the input and output shafts, enclosing the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. Furthermore, the gearbox housing has a housing cover that closes off the housing wall on the output shaft side. The output shaft extends through an opening in the housing cover. The housing wall can form a continuous, continuous shell for the gearbox, extending along both the input and output shafts. The housing wall can span all transmission elements used for power transmission between the main shafts along the entire length of both the input and output shafts. In this way, a very compact gearbox housing can be achieved.

[0025] The housing wall can be composed of a first wall section and a second wall section. The first and second wall sections can be connected to each other via a joint. This joint can be, for example, a butt joint or a screw connection. At the joint, adjacent end faces, end sections, or edges of the first and second wall sections can be joined during assembly of the housing wall. The wall sections can each extend in the direction of the drive shaft and the output shaft. One of the wall sections can be an intermediate housing section or an extension housing section that can be used to extend a known gearbox housing.For example, the length of the first wall section, in the direction of extension of the main shafts, can be adapted to the length of the starting element and the automatic transmission, and the length of the second wall section, in the direction of extension of the main shafts, can be adapted to the length of the reversing unit. Alternatively, the length of the first wall section can be adapted to the length of the starting element, and the length of the second wall section can be adapted to the length of the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. In this way, the gearbox housing can be manufactured very cost-effectively using already known housing components.

[0026] The transmission can include a transmission control unit. The transmission control unit can have suitable interfaces for switching multiple switching elements of the transmission. The transmission control unit can be mounted on the transmission housing. The transmission control unit can be implemented as a single circuit or, for example, comprise two separate circuits, which may be arranged in separate housings. Using a single transmission control unit can, for example, reduce the wiring effort. With two separate transmission control units, the switching elements used to set multiple speed ratios and the switching elements used to set the direction of rotation can be controlled by separate transmission control units. Known transmission control units for a reversing gear and an automatic transmission can be used for this purpose.

[0027] The reversing unit can be designed in planetary construction with a planetary gear set, wherein at least one planetary gear set is provided, which can be designed as a plus, minus or stepped planetary gear set, and several different gear set designs can also be combined.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the reversing unit comprises at least one planetary gear set and at least one switching element for switchable adjustment of the direction of rotation. For example, the at least one planetary gear set can comprise one, two, or more negative-step planetary gear sets.

[0029] The reversing gear set can have a drive and an output shaft. The drive connection between the drive shaft and the output shaft can run via the drive and the output shaft. The at least one planetary gear set can have a sun gear, a first planet gear, a second planet gear non-rotatably connected to the first planet gear, a support for the planet gears, and a ring gear. According to different embodiments, the drive can be non-rotatably connected to the sun gear or switchable via the at least one switching element. The sun gear can mesh with the first planet gear, and the second planet gear can mesh with the ring gear. According to different embodiments, the ring gear can be non-rotatably connected to the output or switchable via the at least one switching element.

[0030] The transmission can have a common oil system for the automatic transmission and the reversing unit. For example, the oil system can include a common oil reservoir, a common oil bath, a common oil pan, or a common oil circuit that includes both the automatic transmission and the reversing unit.

[0031] A drivetrain for a vehicle is characterized in that the drivetrain comprises a transmission according to an embodiment of the invention and an axle drive, wherein the input shaft of the transmission represents an interface to a drive motor of the vehicle and the output shaft of the transmission is connected to the axle drive. Thus, the described transmission can advantageously be used for a vehicle drivetrain. The vehicle can, for example, be a rail vehicle.

[0032] The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show: Fig. 1. a powertrain for a vehicle; Fig. 2 a powertrain for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 a powertrain for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 a gearbox for a vehicle; Fig. 5 a transmission for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 a transmission for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 7 to 11 reversing sets for a gearbox according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention; and Fig. 12 a schematic representation of a vehicle with a transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and having a similar effect, without repeating these elements.

[0034] Fig. Figure 1 shows a drive train for a vehicle. It shows a motor 101, a main transmission 103 (e.g., an automatic transmission), a reversing transmission 105, an axle transmission 107, and a drive axle 109. The motor 101 can be an internal combustion engine providing drive energy to move the vehicle. Alternatively, the motor 101 can be an electric motor. The motor 101 is coupled to the main transmission 103 via a shaft. The main transmission 103 can be a transmission with multiple selectable gear ratios. The main transmission 103 is coupled to the reversing transmission 105 via a shaft. The reversing transmission 105 is coupled to the axle transmission 107 via a shaft. Thus, both the main transmission 103 and the reversing transmission 105 are located in a power path between the motor 101 and the axle transmission 107.The axle drive 107 is designed to transmit torque provided by the reversing gear 105 to the drive axle 109. From the drive axle 109, the torque can be transmitted to the vehicle's drive wheels to move the vehicle. The main gearbox 103, the reversing gear 105, and the axle drive 107 are each implemented as separate units. These separate units are coupled to each other via connecting shafts. The transmission elements of the main gearbox 103, the reversing gear 105, and the axle drive 107 are each arranged in their own housing.

[0035] Fig. Figure 2 shows a drive train for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, it can be a drive train for railway applications. Shown are a motor 101, a transmission 210 with an automatic transmission 213 and a reversing unit 215, also called a reversing unit, an axle drive 107, and a drive axle 109. The motor 101, the axle drive 107, and the drive axle 109 can be described as shown in the following: Fig. The gearbox 210 is described in section 1. It has a drive shaft 221 and an output shaft 222. The gearbox 210 is coupled to the motor 102 via the drive shaft 221 and to the axle drive 107 via the output shaft 222. With respect to the gearbox 210, the drive shaft 221 can be referred to as the input and the output shaft 222 as the output. The gearbox 210 also has a gearbox housing 225, which encloses both the automatic transmission 213 and the reversing unit 215. The automatic transmission 213, located within the gearbox housing 225, is itself designed without its own housing. Likewise, the reversing unit 215, located within the gearbox housing 225, is also designed without its own housing.

[0036] The transmission 210 includes the reversing unit 215 and the automatic transmission 213, and is thus designed to perform the functionalities of the in Fig. 1 main gearbox shown and the one in Fig. to provide the reversing gear shown in 1 in integrated form. Apart from the lack of a separate housing, the automatic transmission 213 can be provided in the Fig. correspond to the main gearbox shown in 1.

[0037] The turning point 215 of the in Fig. The reverser unit of the automatic transmission 210 shown in Figure 2 is arranged on the output side within the transmission 210 in relation to the automatic transmission 213. Thus, the transmission 210 can be described as a main transmission with an integrated reverser unit on the output side.

[0038] The transmission 210, by means of the automatic transmission 213, allows for the setting of multiple speed ratios between the speed of the input shaft 221 and the speed of the output shaft 222. Using the automatic transmission 213, the engine speed of the motor 101 can be converted to a desired speed of the output shaft 222, and thus to a desired speed of the drive axle 109, by selecting one of the multiple speed ratios. A desired speed ratio, and thus a desired gear ratio of the transmission 210, can be set by actuating one or more switching elements of the automatic transmission 213.

[0039] Furthermore, the gearbox 210 allows, independently of the current selection of a desired speed ratio, the direction of rotation to be reversed between one direction of rotation of the input shaft 221 and one direction of rotation of the output shaft 222. According to one embodiment, when the motor 101 is operating, the input shaft 221 is always driven in the same direction of rotation by the motor 101. A desired direction of rotation of the output shaft 221 can be set using the reversing unit 215. This can be set by actuating one or more switching elements of the gearbox 210 associated with the reversing unit 215.

[0040] The transmission 210 comprises the transmission housing 225, which encloses all the transmission elements of the transmission 210. Of the transmission elements of the transmission 210, only a connecting section of the input shaft 221 to the motor 101 and a connecting section of the output shaft 222 to the axle drive 107 extend from the transmission housing 225. According to one embodiment, the transmission housing 225 extends continuously from the aforementioned connecting section of the input shaft 221 to the aforementioned connecting section of the output shaft 222. Thus, the transmission 210 is designed as a self-contained unit.

[0041] The powertrain can, for example, be related to the in Fig. The 12 vehicles shown will be used.

[0042] Fig. Figure 3 shows a powertrain for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The powertrain corresponds to the one in Fig. The drive train shown in Figure 2 differs in that the reversing unit 215 is arranged on the drive side of the transmission 210 in relation to the automatic transmission 215. Thus, the transmission 210 can be described as a system with a reversing unit integrated on the drive side of the main transmission.

[0043] Fig. Figure 4 shows a main gearbox 103 for a vehicle. The main gearbox 103 could be the one in Fig. The main gearbox shown in Figure 1 comprises a starting element 431 and an automatic transmission 213, which includes gear sets with shifting elements. The starting element 431 is coupled to a gearbox drive on the input side. The automatic transmission 213 is coupled to a gearbox output on the output side. The main gearbox 103 is enclosed by a housing 441 and a housing cover 443. The gearbox output extends through the housing cover 443.

[0044] Fig. Figure 5 shows a transmission 210 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission 210 can be the one described in Fig. The two gearboxes shown are involved. Gearbox 210 has a starting element 431, an automatic transmission 213 with a plurality of planetary gear sets and shifting elements, and a reversing unit 215, also called a reversing gear set or reversing unit. Gearbox 210 has as its external interfaces a drive shaft 221 in the form of a gearbox input and an output shaft 222 in the form of a gearbox output. The drive shaft 221 can be coupled at one end facing away from gearbox 210, for example, to a motor, such as the one shown in Fig. Figure 2 shows that the output shaft 222 can be coupled, for example, to an axle drive at one end facing away from the gearbox 210, as shown in Figure 2. Fig. Figure 2 shows that the drive shaft 221 and the output shaft 222 can be arranged axially, coaxially, or parallel to each other.

[0045] The transmission 210 has a transmission assembly with the reversing unit 215 at the transmission output. The starting element 431 is coupled to the drive shaft 221 on the input side and to the automatic transmission 213 via a first intermediate shaft on the output side. The automatic transmission 213 is coupled to the starting element via the first intermediate shaft on the input side and to the reversing unit 215 via a second intermediate shaft on the output side. The reversing unit 215 is coupled to the automatic transmission 213 via the second intermediate shaft on the input side and to the output shaft 222 on the output side. Thus, the automatic transmission 213 is arranged between the starting element 431 and the reversing unit 215. The reversing unit 215 and the automatic transmission 213 are therefore arranged in series in a drive connection or power path between the drive shaft 221 and the output shaft 222.

[0046] The transmission 210 has a transmission housing which, according to this embodiment, comprises a housing 441, a housing cover 443, and an intermediate housing 545. The housing 441 extends in the direction of extension of the input shaft 221 and the output shaft 222 over the starting element 431, the first intermediate shaft, and the automatic transmission 213. The intermediate housing 545 extends in the direction of extension of the input shaft 221 and the output shaft 222 over the reversing unit 215. The housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545 each abut directly at their end sections and are connected to each other via a joint. The joint is located at the level of the outer housing walls of the housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545. According to one embodiment, the housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545 form a housing wall of the transmission housing.A first wall section of the housing is formed by the housing 441, and a second wall section is formed by the intermediate housing 545. The first and second wall sections are connected at the joint to form a continuous housing wall extending along the direction of the drive shaft 221 and the output shaft 222. The housing wall can extend around one direction of the drive shaft 221 and the output shaft 222, forming a first opening on the drive shaft 221 side and a second opening on the output shaft 222 side. The second opening can be covered by the housing cover 443. The output shaft 222 passes through an opening in the housing cover 443. The first opening can be open or covered by a further housing cover through which the drive shaft 221 passes.Thus, all transmission elements of the starting element 431, the automatic transmission 213, and the reversing unit 215 are arranged within the transmission housing. Between the first and second openings, the transmission housing can be designed without an internal partition, i.e., one located inside the housing wall. Therefore, transmission elements of the starting element 431 and the automatic transmission 213 can be arranged directly adjacent to each other without a partition. Similarly, transmission elements of the automatic transmission 213 and the reversing unit 215 can be arranged directly adjacent to each other without a partition, in particular without a partition pointing towards a connecting shaft between the automatic transmission 213 and the reversing unit 215. However, it is also possible to configure an automatic transmission 213 and a reversing unit 215 within a single transmission housing in which the automatic transmission 213 is separated from the reversing unit 215 by a partition located within the transmission housing.

[0047] The starting element 431 can be a known element that enables the transmission of torque from the drive shaft 221 to the first intermediate shaft, even if there is a speed difference between the speed of the drive shaft 221 and the first intermediate shaft.

[0048] The automatic transmission 213 can be based on known transmission designs that allow a selection of different speed ratios or gear ratios between a speed of the first intermediate shaft and a speed of the second intermediate shaft. The automatic transmission 213 can, for example, include multiple planetary gear stages and multiple switching elements such as clutches and brakes. For example, the automatic transmission 213 can be a stepped gear transmission, a stepped automatic transmission, or a continuously variable transmission (CVT). For example, the automatic transmission 213 can have three, four, five, six, or more adjustable gear ratios. The automatic transmission 213 can have a plurality of gear ratios intended as forward gears and, optionally, at least one gear ratio intended as a reverse gear.Using the reversing set 215, the majority of forward gears and, if applicable, at least one reverse gear can be used equally regardless of the vehicle's direction of travel.

[0049] The reversing unit 215 can be based on known gear designs that allow a reversal of the direction of rotation between the second intermediate shaft and the output shaft 222. The reversing unit 215 can, for example, include a planetary stage and one, two, or more switching elements such as clutches and brakes. The reversing unit 215 can also be designed as a reduction gear.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the gearbox housing can also be made in one piece or from materials other than those specified. Fig. The housing is constructed from the 5 housing elements shown. The housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545 can each be manufactured in one piece.

[0051] Fig. Figure 6 shows a transmission 210 for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission 210 can be the one described in Fig. The three gearboxes shown are related. Gearbox 210 corresponds to the one in Fig. The gearbox shown in Figure 5 differs in the spatial arrangement of the starting element 431, the reversing unit 215, and the automatic transmission 213, as well as in the design of the gearbox housing. Gearbox 210 has a gearbox design with a reversing unit 215 on the gearbox input side.

[0052] According to the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the starting element 431 is coupled on the drive side to the drive shaft 221 and on the output side to the reversing unit 215 via a first intermediate shaft. The reversing unit 215 is coupled on the drive side to the starting element 431 via the first intermediate shaft and on the output side to the automatic transmission 213 via a second intermediate shaft. The automatic transmission 213 is coupled on the drive side to the reversing unit 215 via the second intermediate shaft and on the output side to the output shaft 222. Thus, the reversing unit 215 is arranged between the starting element 431 and the automatic transmission 213.

[0053] According to this embodiment, the gearbox housing of the gearbox 210 comprises a housing 441, a housing cover 443, and an intermediate housing 545. The housing 441 extends over the starting element 431 in the direction of extension of the main shafts 221, 222. The intermediate housing 545 extends over the reversing unit 215, the second intermediate shaft, and the automatic transmission 213 in the direction of extension of the input shaft 221 and the output shaft 222. The housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545 are directly adjacent to each other and are connected via a joint. According to one embodiment, the housing 441 and the intermediate housing 545 form a housing wall of the gearbox housing. A first wall section of the housing wall is formed by the intermediate housing 545, and a second wall section is formed by the housing 441.The first and second wall sections are connected at the joint to form a continuous housing wall extending along the direction of the drive shaft 221 and the output shaft 222. The housing wall can extend radially around the perimeter of the main shafts 221 and 222, forming a first opening on the drive shaft 221 side and a second opening on the output shaft 222 side. The second opening can be covered by the housing cover 443. The output shaft 222 passes through an opening in the housing cover 443. The first opening can be open or covered by a further housing cover through which the drive shaft 221 passes. Thus, all transmission elements of the starting element 431, the reversing unit 215, and the automatic transmission 213 are arranged within the transmission housing. Therefore, the transmission elements of the starting element 431 and the reversing unit 215 can be arranged directly adjacent to each other without a partition.Accordingly, the gear elements of the reversing unit 215 and the automatic transmission 213 can be arranged directly adjacent to each other without a partition.

[0054] According to a further embodiment, in which the starting element 431 can be operated independently of the direction of rotation of the drive of the starting element 431, the starting element 431 and the reversing unit 215 can also be arranged in reversed positions. Thus, contrary to the one described in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the reversing unit 215 is coupled to the drive shaft 221 on the drive side and to the starting element 431 on the output side. The starting element 431 can be coupled to the automatic transmission 213 on the output side, and the automatic transmission 213 can be coupled to the output shaft 222 on the output side. Thus, the starting element 431 can be arranged between the reversing unit 215 and the automatic transmission 213.

[0055] Will the in the Fig. 5 and Fig. If the gearbox 210 shown in section 6 is implemented without a starting element 431, the gearbox housing can be shortened accordingly.

[0056] The Fig. Figures 7 to 11 show reversing units 215 for a transmission according to embodiments of the present invention. The reversing units 215 can be used, for example, in transmissions such as those shown in the preceding figures, each of which includes an automatic transmission in addition to the reversing unit 215. The reversing units 215 are each implemented with a negative-step planetary gear set. A negative-step planetary gear set is shown in each figure, with five different arrangements for the switching elements used to achieve the gear ratios iv=1 and i. R = to represent -1. Depending on the switching state of the switching elements, either a reversal of the direction of rotation is realized or no reversal of the direction of rotation is realized between the drive and the driven element of the shown reversing sets 215.

[0057] Fig. Figure 7 shows a reversing unit 215 with a drive 751 and an output 752 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reversing unit 215 further comprises a sun gear 761, a first planet gear 763, a second planet gear 765 non-rotatably connected to the first planet gear 763, a ring gear 767, a bridge 781, a first switching element 791, and a second switching element 792. The reversing unit is arranged in a housing 225, of which only a section is shown. The first planet gear 763 and the second planet gear 765 are rotatably mounted on the bridge 781. Further planet gears can be mounted on the bridge 781 corresponding to the planet gears 763 and 765.

[0058] When the second switching element 792 is closed and the first switching element 791 is open, the drive 751 and the output 752 are directly connected via the second switching element 792. This allows torque to be transmitted from the drive 751 to the output via the second switching element 792. The direction of rotation of the drive 751 corresponds to the direction of rotation of the output 752. Accordingly, the rotational speed of the drive 751 corresponds to the rotational speed of the output 752.

[0059] The reversing unit 215 enables a reversal of the direction of rotation between the input 751 and the output 752. In this case, the input 751 and the output 752 rotate in opposite directions. This occurs when the second switching element 792 is open and the first switching element 791 is closed. In this case, the torque of the input 751 is transmitted to the output 752 via the first switching element 791 and the gear elements 761, 763, 765, and 767 of the reversing unit 215. For this purpose, the first switching element 791 is arranged between the input 751 and the sun gear 761. When the first switching element 791 is closed, the torque of the input 751 is transmitted to the sun gear 761 via the first switching element 791. The sun gear 761 is engaged with the first planet gear 763. The second planet gear 765 is engaged with the ring gear 767. The ring gear 767 is connected to the output shaft 752 in a rotationally fixed manner.The bridge 781 forms a planet carrier for the planet gears 763, 765, which together form a stepped planetary gear. The bridge 781 is fixedly connected to the housing 225. The gear elements 761, 763, 765, 767 are matched to each other such that a mechanical transmission with a 1:1 ratio is achieved between the input 751 and the output 752. According to a further embodiment, a different transmission ratio can also be implemented.

[0060] Fig. Figure 8 shows a reversing unit 215 with a drive 751 and an output 752 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reversing unit 215 corresponds to the one shown in Fig. 7 shown reversing set 215, with the difference that the switching elements 791, 792 are arranged not on the drive side, but on the output side.

[0061] The drive 751 is thus connected to the sun gear 761 in a rotationally fixed manner. The first switching element 791 is arranged between the ring gear 767 and the output 752. The second switching element 792 is arranged according to the diagram. Fig. The embodiment described in section 7 is arranged between the drive 751 and the output 752.

[0062] Fig. Figure 9 shows a reversing unit 215 with a drive 751 and an output 752 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reversing unit 215 corresponds to the one shown in Fig. The reversing set 215 shown in Figure 7 differs in that the first switching element 791 is arranged between the bridge 781 and the housing 225, and the second switching element 792 is arranged between the drive 751 and the bridge 781. The sun gear 761 is connected to the drive 751 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0063] When the first switching element 791 is closed and the second switching element 792 is open, the bridge 781 is fixedly connected to the housing 225 via the first switching element 791. In this case, a torque from the drive 751 is transmitted to the output 752 via the planet gears 763, 765 rotating around the bridge 781, with a reversal of the direction of rotation between the drive 751 and the output 752.

[0064] When the first switching element 791 is open and the second switching element 792 is closed, the bridge 781 is rotated via the second switching element 792. In this case, the planetary set of the reversing set 215 is locked and the torque of the drive 751 is transmitted to the output 752 without reversing the direction of rotation.

[0065] Fig. Figure 10 shows a reversing unit 215 with a drive 751 and an output 752 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reversing unit 215 corresponds to the one shown in Fig. The reversing set 215 shown in section 7 differs in that the first switching element 791 is arranged between the bridge 781 and the housing 225. The sun gear 761 is connected to the drive 751 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0066] When the first switching element 791 is closed and the second switching element 792 is open, the bridge 781 is fixedly connected to the housing 225 via the first switching element 791. In this case, a torque from the drive 751 is transmitted to the output 752 via the planet gears 763, 765 rotating around the bridge 781, with a reversal of the direction of rotation between the drive 751 and the output 752.

[0067] When the first switching element 791 is open and the second switching element 792 is closed, the torque of the drive 751 is transmitted via the second switching element 792 to the output 752 without reversing the direction of rotation.

[0068] Fig. Figure 11 shows a reversing unit 215 with a drive 751 and an output 752 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reversing unit 215 corresponds to the one shown in Fig. The reversing set 215 shown in Figure 7 differs in that the first switching element 791 is arranged between the bridge 781 and the housing 225, and the second switching element 792 is arranged between the output 752 and the bridge 781. The sun gear 761 is connected to the drive 751 in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0069] When the first switching element 791 is closed and the second switching element 792 is open, the bridge 781 is fixedly connected to the housing 225 via the first switching element 791. In this case, a torque from the drive 751 is transmitted to the output 752 via the planet gears 763, 765 rotating around the bridge 781, with a reversal of the direction of rotation between the drive 751 and the output 752.

[0070] When the first switching element 791 is open and the second switching element 792 is closed, the planetary set of the reversing set 215 is blocked and the torque of the drive 751 is transmitted to the output 752 without reversing the direction of rotation.

[0071] Fig. Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 1201 with a transmission 210 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transmission 210 is part of a drive train of the vehicle 1201 and is coupled to a motor 101 via a drive shaft 221 directly or via other transmission elements not shown, and to a drive axle 109 of the vehicle 1201 via an output shaft 222 directly or via other transmission elements not shown. The vehicle 1201 can, for example, be a rail vehicle. The vehicle 1201 can be characterized by two equivalent directions of travel. The driving force of the motor 101 can thus be used selectively for either forward or reverse travel of the vehicle 1201, with the transmission 210 being able to provide the same or corresponding gear ratios for both forward and reverse travel.According to another embodiment, not shown, two or more drive axles of the vehicle 1201 can be driven by one motor 101, for example with the help of an additional transfer case.

[0072] The transmission 210 comprises a transmission housing 225 and an arrangement 1205 consisting of a plurality of switching elements and a plurality of further transmission elements for switchable adjustment of a plurality of speed ratios between a speed of the input shaft 221 and a speed of the output shaft 222, and for switchable adjustment of a reversal of the direction of rotation between a direction of rotation of the input shaft 221 and a direction of rotation of the output shaft 222. The further transmission elements can, for example, comprise elements of one or more planetary gear sets. The transmission housing 225 can be made in one piece or in multiple parts, for example, according to the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 described embodiments. The gearbox housing 225 can enclose a single, continuous interior space in which the gear elements of the arrangement 1205 are arranged. The switching elements and other gear elements of the arrangement 1205 can be implemented as a single functional unit that combines the functionalities of adjustable speed ratios and reversing the direction of rotation. Alternatively, the switching elements and gear elements of the arrangement 1205 can be divided into two or more functional units, for example, as shown in the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, 5, and 6. A functional unit associated with the reversal of the direction of rotation can, for example, be implemented by a reversing set, as described in the Fig. As described in sections 7 to 11. Functionality associated with adjustable speed ratios can be implemented by an automatic transmission, for example, a stepped automatic transmission.

[0073] The arrangement 1205 can also include a common oil supply for the switching elements of the transmission 210.

[0074] A control unit 1210 is provided for actuating the switching elements of the transmission 210. According to this embodiment, the control unit 1210 is attached to the housing 225.

[0075] The embodiments described and shown in the figures are chosen only as examples. Different embodiments can be combined completely or with respect to individual features. An embodiment can also be supplemented by features of another embodiment. The embodiments shown for the reversing mechanism are chosen as examples and can be replaced by other suitable transmission systems. If an embodiment includes an "and / or" connection between a first feature and a second feature, this can be interpreted to mean that the embodiment according to one embodiment has both the first feature and the second feature, and according to another embodiment, either only the first feature or only the second feature. Reference sign 101 Engine 103 Main gearbox 105 Reversing gearbox 107 axle gearboxes 109 Drive axle 210 gearbox 213 automatic transmission 215 Reversible set 221 Drive shaft 222 Output shaft 225 Gearbox housing 431 Starting element 441 Housing 443 Housing cover 545 Intermediate housing 751 Drive 752 Drive 761 Sun wheel 763 first planetary gear 765 second planetary gear 767 Ring gear 781 Steg 791 first switching element 792 second switching element 1201 vehicle 1205 Arrangement consisting of a plurality of switching and transmission elements 1210 Control unit

Claims

[1] Transmission (210) for a vehicle (1201) with a drive shaft (221) and an output shaft (222), with an automatic transmission (213) constructed from a plurality of planetary gear sets for switchable adjustment of a plurality of speed ratios between a speed of the drive shaft (221) and a speed of the output shaft (222), and with a reversing unit (215) connected in series in a drive connection between the drive shaft (221) and the output shaft (222) to the automatic transmission (213) for switchable adjustment of a reversal of the direction of rotation acting on the plurality of speed ratios between a direction of rotation of the drive shaft (221) and a direction of rotation of the output shaft (222), characterized by, that the transmission (210) has a transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545) in which the automatic transmission (213) and the reversing unit (215) are jointly arranged, that the transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545) has a housing wall (441, 545) extending continuously in the direction of extension of the input shaft (221) and the output shaft (222) and enclosing the automatic transmission (213) and the reversing unit (215) and a housing cover (443) closing the housing wall (441, 545) on the side of the output shaft (222), wherein the output shaft (222) extends through an opening in the housing cover (443). [2] Gearbox (210) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the automatic transmission (213) is designed as a stepped automatic transmission. [3] Gearbox (210) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the automatic transmission (213) is arranged on the side of the drive shaft (221) and the reversing unit (215) is arranged on the side of the output shaft (222). [4] Gearbox (210) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the automatic transmission (213) is arranged on the side of the output shaft (222) and the reversing unit (215) is arranged on the side of the input shaft (221). [5] Gearbox (210) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the transmission (210) has a starting element (431) which is arranged in the transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545). [6] Gearbox (210) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that a part of the interior of the transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545) associated with the automatic transmission (213) and a part of the interior of the transmission housing (225; 441, 443, 545) associated with the reversing unit (215) flow smoothly into each other. [7] Gearbox (210) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the housing wall (441, 545) is composed of a first wall part (441) and a second wall part (545), wherein the first wall part (441) and the second wall part (545) are connected to each other via a connection point. [8] Gearbox (210) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the reversing set (215) has at least one planetary set (763, 765) and at least one switching element (791, 792) for switching the reversal of the direction of rotation. [9] Gearbox (210) according to claim 8, characterized bythat the reversing set (215) has a drive (751) and a driven (752), wherein the drive connection between the drive shaft (221) and the driven shaft (222) runs via the drive (751) and the driven (752), and wherein the at least one planetary set (763, 765) has a sun gear (761), a first planet gear (763) and a second planet gear (765) connected to the first planet gear (763) in a rotationally fixed manner, a web (781) supporting the planet gears (763, 765) and a ring gear (767), wherein the drive (751) is connected to the sun gear (761) in a rotationally fixed manner or switchable via the at least one switching element (791, 792), the sun gear (761) meshes with the first planet gear (763), the second planet gear (765) with the ring gear (767) meshes and the ring gear (767) is connected to the output (752) in a rotationally fixed manner or via which at least one switching element (791, 792) can be switched. [10] Gearbox (210) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the transmission (210) has a common oil supply for the automatic transmission (213) and the reversing unit (215). [11] Powertrain for a vehicle (1201), characterized by , that the drive train comprises a transmission (210) according to one of the preceding claims and an axle transmission (107), wherein the drive shaft (221) of the transmission (210) represents an interface to a drive motor (101) of the vehicle (1201) and the output shaft (222) of the transmission (210) is connected to the axle transmission (107).

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