Device for ventilating a room through a suction pipe

Abstract

A device (1) for venting at least one, in particular enclosed, space through a suction pipe (2), comprising several flow channels (4) bounded by adjacent flow guide elements (9), wherein each flow channel (4) has an inlet opening (in) or an outlet opening (out) for a flowing gaseous fluid as a motive medium, wherein an inlet opening (7) connected to the suction pipe (2) is arranged, wherein various flow guide bodies (3) have mutually facing, in particular convex, flow guide surfaces (8) which bound the flow channel (4) between them, wherein the opposing flow guide surfaces (8) of different flow guide bodies (3) are immovably connected by the flow guide elements (9) which extend at least partially in a radial direction and recess the central area (5) enclosing the inlet opening (7), characterized in thatthat in the central area (5) a guide body (10) which is at least partially rotationally symmetrical and rotatable about the axis of symmetry (6) and has a passage channel (11) for the gaseous fluid is arranged, wherein various angular positions (β) of the guide body (10) with respect to the axis of symmetry (6) are optionally adjustable, in which the passage channel (11) with its inlet opening (12) and its outlet opening (13) is arranged opposite one of the flow channels (4) with a contour- and / or surface-flush orientation, so that the gaseous fluid supplied exclusively through a specific flow channel (4) enters the passage channel (11), and that a flow passage through a further flow channel (4') between further flow guide elements (9') is closed by the guide body (10), and that the suction pipe (2) with the intake opening (7) of the guide body (10) leads into the passage channel (11) leads to.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device for venting at least one, in particular enclosed, space by means of a suction pipe, which has several flow channels with cross-sectional areas of different sizes in the direction of flow and which are bounded by adjacent flow guide elements, wherein each flow channel has an inlet opening or an outlet opening for a flowing gaseous fluid, for example ambient air, as a motive medium, wherein an inlet opening connected to the suction pipe is arranged in the area of ​​a constriction, in particular between two flow guide elements which are rotationally symmetrical in their basic form with respect to an axis of symmetry.

[0002] Two flow guide bodies are arranged coaxially with a distance between each other and to the axis of symmetry, wherein the flow guide bodies have mutually facing, at least partially convex flow guide surfaces that define the flow channel between them and whose distance is greater in a region with a larger radial distance from the axis of symmetry, so that the two flow guide bodies have the smallest distance in the constriction in the central region of the flow guide surfaces enclosing the axis of symmetry and concentric to the axis of symmetry.

[0003] In this arrangement, the opposing flow guide surfaces of different flow guide bodies are immovably connected by the flow guide elements, which extend at least section by section in a plane parallel to the axis of symmetry in a radial direction and exclude the central area enclosing the intake opening.

[0004] The use of ambient air to extract gaseous media by utilizing wind flow is already well-known. For example, wind pressure is used to extract indoor air from rooms requiring ventilation. This is achieved using devices that are installed as the tops of chimneys or ventilation pipes, which preferably extend vertically from the room to be ventilated into the surrounding environment.

[0005] Furthermore, jet pumps, especially those using Venturi nozzles in different designs, are already known from the prior art for effectively extracting gaseous media from technical equipment.

[0006] Generally speaking, a jet pump is a pump in which the suction effect is generated by a fluid jet as the driving medium, which draws in another medium through momentum exchange. Because this type of pump is very simple in design and has no moving parts, it is particularly robust, requires little maintenance, and is versatile in its applications.

[0007] A Venturi nozzle consists of a flow channel with a narrowing of the cross-section, for example by two opposing conical sections that join at their point of smallest diameter. The intake pipe is located at this point.

[0008] Numerous applications of this principle are already known. For example, according to DE 10 2016 210 570 A1, a Venturi nozzle is used whose jet of air utilizes the pressure difference in the intake manifold before and after a turbocharger or compressor to vent the fuel tank.

[0009] DE 16 04 303 C describes a vent with a vent pipe, which has a three-dimensional flow channel equipped with different cross-sectional areas and an inlet opening for a flowing gaseous fluid as the motive medium. An intake opening connected to a suction pipe is provided in the region of a constriction of the flow channel, which is formed between two lens-shaped flow guides connected by planar flow profiles arranged radially and with a central recess.

[0010] US Patent 3,345,931 A discloses a venting device designed for venting at least one enclosed space, in particular through a suction pipe. This device comprises two rotationally symmetrical flow guide bodies with convex surfaces arranged at a distance from each other.

[0011] US 2013 / 0045669 A1 shows a device for ventilating a room.

[0012] US 2018 / 0328608 A1 shows a device for ventilating a room.

[0013] A disadvantage of such devices, which do without movable elements to adapt to the flow direction of the driving medium, is their limited efficiency.

[0014] However, in the area of ​​offshore installations, which promote premature corrosion and are exposed to high wind speeds and thus stresses, as well as marine growth or damaging effects from birds, moving elements are generally undesirable due to the associated maintenance and repair costs.

[0015] The invention is based on the objective of creating a device that optimally combines low susceptibility to environmental influences and thus low maintenance costs with high efficiency.

[0016] This problem is solved according to the invention with a device according to the features of claim 1. Further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

[0017] According to the invention, a guide body, at least partially rotationally symmetrical and rotatable about the axis of symmetry, is arranged in the central region. The guide body has a passage channel for the gaseous fluid extending in the cross-sectional plane relative to the axis of symmetry, and various angular positions of the guide body with respect to the axis of symmetry are optionally adjustable. The passage channel is arranged relative to a selected flow channel such that the inlet and outlet openings of the passage channel are aligned contourally and / or surface-flush with the respective corresponding flow channel. The intake pipe opens into the passage channel at the constriction of the passage channel, with the intake opening being arranged concentrically to the axis of symmetry.

[0018] The flow channels enclosed between further flow guide elements are simultaneously blocked or closed by a closed circumferential surface of the guide body, so that any gaseous fluid that may enter accumulates there.

[0019] According to the invention, the efficiency of the device is significantly improved by effectively preventing undesired crossflow through flow channels other than the optimal ones, because only the fluid entering through a specific flow channel enters the passage channel in the guide body. The radial arrangement of the flow-guiding elements achieves a particularly continuous reduction in cross-section and acceleration of the flow. This results in a considerable increase in the device's performance.

[0020] Compared to previously known movable venting devices that are aligned according to the flow direction, the advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the rotatable guide element is arranged in the central area and is thereby enclosed by the stationary flow guide elements. An encapsulated version of the device, in which the guide element is completely enclosed and thus reliably protected from environmental influences, can be easily implemented.

[0021] To initiate the rotation of the guide element and to set the optimal angular position, an electromechanical actuator can be provided, which enables suitable adjustment of the guide element's angular position based on sensor-acquired measurements. The change in angular position is preferably not continuous, but incremental according to the grid determined by the arrangement of the flow guide elements. The required electrical power supply can optionally be provided by an integrated photovoltaic module, thus making it independent of a central power supply.

[0022] Another variant consists of a turbine generator that is arranged in the passage channel designed as a Venturi channel.

[0023] Additionally, it is possible to use, for example, a hydrogen-powered jet engine in conjunction with an onboard electrical power supply for the platform. This could further increase the exhaust capacity of the intake manifold, resulting in an independent energy supply concept for low wind conditions.

[0024] Alternatively, the guide body can also be coupled with a wind vane to achieve direct adjustment based on the airflow.

[0025] According to the invention, variants are also included in which the guide body has several adjustable passage channels corresponding to two or more flow channels, or has a single passage channel that is appropriately widened and covers several flow channels.

[0026] Furthermore, the flow guide elements can be adjustable or movable in sections.

[0027] According to the invention, for example, in conjunction with cooling systems, particularly in offshore installations, the airflow rate can be increased by connecting it to the suction pipe, or losses occurring in the ventilation system can be compensated. The device according to the invention can be arranged at the outlet end of the cooling air system.

[0028] The device according to the invention is fundamentally designed according to the principle of a Venturi nozzle or a jet pump. For this purpose, the opposing wall surfaces of the flow channel are preferably not arranged in parallel planes, but are convexly shaped, with the smallest cross-section occurring in the flow channel adjoining the main flow channel in the region of the axis of symmetry or rotation. Preferably, the flow guide elements have an elliptical cross-sectional shape, so that a corresponding acceleration of the fluid is achieved within the respective flow channel.

[0029] According to the invention, the airflow rate is significantly increased regardless of wind direction, thereby effectively supporting a natural draft effect in a connected cooling system. This eliminates the need for a rotating fan or blower, resulting in several significant advantages and properties, such as, in particular, simplified maintenance, increased performance, reduced flow cross-sections, and smaller surface areas of heat exchangers in connected cooling systems.

[0030] Furthermore, the device according to the invention is insensitive to aggressive environments as well as high wind speeds and deposits, so that it retains sufficient functionality even when covered with adhesions or snow and ice deposits. In addition, the device can be manufactured from almost any material, in particular not only metals but also plastics, and can be implemented with large dimensions to increase efficiency. For example, diameters of the flow guide elements of several meters are easily achievable.

[0031] While the shape and surface properties of the flow guide surfaces of the flow guide bodies that define the flow channel are designed to achieve or at least promote laminar flow, the outer surface on the side facing away from the opposite flow guide body can have any shape or properties. This surface can, for example, also promote the flow in the flow channel through turbulent flow losses on the outside.

[0032] It has proven particularly advantageous if the flow channel in the central area of ​​the constriction has a cross-sectional area that is smaller in a transverse direction to the axis of symmetry and / or in the direction of the axis of symmetry than the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel in the area of ​​the inlet opening and / or the outlet opening. This results in further acceleration of the fluid along the flow channel, which reaches its maximum flow velocity in the area of ​​the intake opening. Preferably, the wall surfaces of the flow channel are flush with the flow channel, with a continuous profile between the inlet and outlet openings.

[0033] According to another, equally practical variant, the flow channel is bounded by convex and / or concave wall surfaces, with opposing wall surfaces preferably having a symmetrical geometry, so that, for example, oval or circular cross-sectional shapes can also be realized within the flow channel to improve laminar flow. The transition between a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the area of ​​the inlet and outlet openings of the flow channel and an oval or circular cross-sectional shape in the area of ​​the constrictions is preferably continuous.

[0034] In another, also particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the passage channel has a rectangular cross-sectional shape at least in the area of ​​the constriction, so that the wall surfaces bounding the passage channel are flat at least in sections.

[0035] Particularly preferred is the selection of various predetermined angular positions of the guide body depending on the flow direction of the motive medium in the vicinity of the device, whereby undesirable intermediate positions or overlaps of the passage channel with multiple flow channels can be avoided. It is also possible to exclude certain angular positions or ranges, so that suction through the suction pipe is prevented under certain flow conditions of the motive medium.

[0036] The rotary motion of the guide body can be initiated electrically or hydraulically. Particularly preferably, the guide body is kinematically coupled to an actuating device, such as a wind vane, a guide vane, or a wind turbine, which is exposed to the flow of the driving medium. In a simpler version, the guide body is directly coupled to the actuating device by means of a shaft. Alternatively, the actuating force of an actuating device spatially separated from the guide body is transmitted by means of a power transmission device, such as a traction element, a belt, or a hydraulic system.

[0037] The guide body is particularly preferably magnetically levitated, for example by means of a passive magnetic bearing of a permanent magnet, allowing rotational movement, in order to make the bearing virtually maintenance-free. Electromagnets or electrodynamic magnetic bearings can also be used for this purpose.

[0038] Although the device can also function with a horizontal axis of symmetry or rotation, it proves particularly advantageous if the common axis of symmetry of the rotationally symmetrical flow guide bodies has an orientation that is at least essentially vertical.

[0039] The device could be arranged to pivot about a horizontal axis in such a way that it can adapt to non-horizontal airflows, such as downdrafts, with a predominantly vertical component. For this purpose, a pivoting or oscillating suspension can be provided, enabling automatic adjustment. According to another variant, the axis of symmetry with the vertical can have an adjustable angle to allow for further efficiency gains.

[0040] A particularly practical embodiment of the invention is achieved by connecting the opposing flow guide surfaces of different flow guide bodies by flat flow guide elements with uniform circumference distribution. Such, for example, plate-shaped flow guide elements prevent the airflow from diverting laterally and thus from bypassing the concentric surface area surrounding the intake opening in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry. The flow guide elements can also be designed as ribs for this purpose. Preferably, the flow guide elements extend radially and are set back from the maximum radial extent of the flow guide body.By extending the flow-guiding elements between the opposing flow-guiding surfaces, whose distance decreases in the direction of the axis of symmetry and by enclosing adjacent flow-guiding elements at an acute angle, an effective acceleration of the airflow in the direction of the axis of symmetry occurs.

[0041] The flow-guiding elements could extend alternately from each of the flow-guiding surfaces towards the opposite flow-guiding surfaces of the other flow-guiding body, for example as projections or groove-shaped recesses, in order to achieve the desired flow-guiding effect. It is particularly advantageous, however, if the flow-guiding elements extend over the entire height of the gap between a radially outer and a radially inner area of ​​the respective flow-guiding body, in order to ensure a controlled airflow.

[0042] Several flow-guiding elements extend in different planes parallel to the axis of symmetry and are equidistant from each other. Several, and in particular all, of the flow-guiding elements arranged in a star shape in plan view enclose matching central angles, so that, under appropriate wind conditions, matching pressure gradients result in the various flow channels thus defined.

[0043] Another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is achieved by making the device modularly expandable or combinable, such that opposing outer surfaces of at least one flow guide body form separate flow guide surfaces for different flow channels. This allows several flow guide bodies with the same axis of rotation to be combined, each sharing a common axis of symmetry and thus being arranged coaxially to one another, and these can also have differing shapes, particularly of the flow guide surfaces. The device can therefore, for example, have flow channels optimized for different wind speeds in order to further improve the overall suction performance of the device.

[0044] The designations for different jet pumps are not used uniformly, so the invention also includes Venturi nozzles and jet pumps utilizing the Bernoulli principle.

[0045] The invention allows for various embodiments. To further illustrate its basic principle, one of these is shown in the drawing and described below. This drawing shows a schematic diagram in each case. Fig. 1 a perspective view of a device according to the invention with an intake opening for ventilation; Fig. 2 a cross-section through the device; Fig. 3 one along line III-III in the Fig. 2. Sectional view of the device.

[0046] The device 1 according to the invention for venting a closed cooling element (not shown) through a suction pipe 2 is described below with reference to the Fig. Sections 1 to 3 are explained in more detail. The device 1 is based on the Venturi principle, such that a flow channel 4 and a central passage channel 11 are enclosed between two flow guide bodies 3. The passage channel 11 has a constriction in a central region 5 concentric to an axis of symmetry 6, into which an intake opening 7 of the intake pipe 2 opens. In order to achieve a suction function independent of the flow direction s of the ambient air as the driving medium, the two flow guide bodies 3 are arranged coaxially to each other on the common axis of symmetry 6 and are each rotationally symmetrical. Each flow guide body 3 has a convex flow guide surface 8, with opposing flow guide surfaces 8 delimiting several flow channels 4, 4' separated by radial flow guide elements 9.The distance a, A between the flow guide surfaces 8 increases with increasing radial distance r, R from the axis of symmetry 6, so that the airflow within the flow channel 4 experiences further acceleration. The planar flow guide elements 9, 9', parallel to the axis of symmetry 6, prevent unwanted crossflow or bypass flow in the central region 5 of the constriction and enhance the nozzle effect. Several flow guide elements 9, 9' extend in different planes parallel to the axis of symmetry 6 and are equidistant from each other, so that all are in the Fig. The top view shown in 3 shows star-shaped arrangement of flow guide elements enclosing 9 matching central angles α.

[0047] In the central area 5, a guide body 10, cylindrical in its basic form and rotatable about the axis of symmetry 6, is arranged. This guide body encloses the passage channel 11 for the gaseous fluid, which extends in the cross-sectional plane relative to the axis of symmetry 6. By means of a drive 17, a rotary movement 18 of the guide body 10 about the axis of symmetry 6 can be adjusted to predefined angular positions β of the guide body 10, with the passage channel 11 being oriented flush with the contour and / or surface relative to a selected flow channel 4. Accordingly, only the gaseous fluid supplied through an inlet opening (in) of a specific flow channel 4 can enter the passage channel 11 through an inlet opening 12 and exit through an outlet opening 13 of the passage channel 11, through another flow channel 4, and out into the environment.At the same time, the passage to a further flow channel 4' between further flow guide elements 9' is blocked by a circumferential surface 19 of the guide body 10.

[0048] As in the Fig. 2 and Fig.As can be seen in Figure 3, the passage channel has different cross-sectional areas bounded by flat vertical wall surfaces 14 and horizontal wall surfaces 15, with a constriction or minimum in the region of the axis of symmetry 6, into which the suction pipe 2 with the intake opening 7 also opens. In this way, a significant increase in the efficiency of the device 1 is achieved by reliably preventing cross-flows or bypass flows in the region of the intake opening 7. At the same time, the device does not require any external moving components. Rather, the rotatable guide body 10 is completely enclosed by the stationary flow guide bodies 3 and thus optimally protected from environmental influences. Only a suggestion is made of an actuating device 16, kinematically coupled to the guide body 10 and designed as a wind vane, for directly adjusting the angular position β. This device serves as an alternative to the drive 17. REFERENCE MARK LIST 1 Device 2 Intake manifold 3 flow guides 4.4' Flow channel 5 area 6. Axis of symmetry 7 Intake opening 8 Flow guide surface 9, 9' Flow guide element 10 guide bodies 11 Passage channel 12 Entrance opening 13 Outlet opening 14 wall surface (vertical) 15 wall surfaces (horizontal) 16 adjusting devices 17 Drive 18 Rotational movement 19 Circumferential area a, A distance r, R distance s flow direction α Central angle exit opening in the entrance opening

Claims

[1] A device (1) for venting at least one, in particular enclosed, space through a suction pipe (2), which has several flow channels (4) bounded by adjacent flow guide elements (9), wherein each flow channel (4) has an inlet opening (in) or an outlet opening (out) for a flowing gaseous fluid as a motive medium, wherein an inlet opening (7) connected to the suction pipe (2) is arranged, wherein different flow guide bodies (3) have mutually facing, in particular convex, flow guide surfaces (8) which bound the flow channel (4) between them, wherein the opposing flow guide surfaces (8) of different flow guide bodies (3) are immovably connected by the flow guide elements (9) which extend at least partially in a radial direction and recess the central area (5) enclosing the inlet opening (7), characterized by, that in the central region (5) a guide body (10) that is at least partially rotationally symmetrical and rotatable about the axis of symmetry (6) and has a passage channel (11) for the gaseous fluid is arranged, wherein various angular positions (β) of the guide body (10) with respect to the axis of symmetry (6) are optionally adjustable, in which the passage channel (11) with its inlet opening (12) and its outlet opening (13) is arranged opposite one of the flow channels (4) with a contour- and / or surface-flush orientation, so that the gaseous fluid supplied exclusively through a specific flow channel (4) enters the passage channel (11), and that a flow passage through a further flow channel (4') between further flow guide elements (9') is closed by the guide body (10), and that the suction pipe (2) with the intake opening (7) of the guide body (10) leads into the passage channel (11) leads to. [2] Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the passage channel (11) in the area of ​​the constriction has a passage cross-section which has a smaller extent in the direction of a cross-sectional plane to the axis of symmetry (6) and / or in the direction of the axis of symmetry (6) than the inlet opening (12) and / or the outlet opening (13) of the passage channel (11). [3] Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that different angular positions (β) of the guide body (10) can be adjusted stepwise depending on the direction of flow of the driving medium in the vicinity of the device (1) according to the position of the flow guide elements (9'). [4] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that only angular positions (β) of the guide body (10) corresponding to the flow channels are adjustable. [5] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the guide body (10) is kinematically coupled to an actuating means (16) which can be subjected to flow by the driving medium. [6] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the guide body (10) is mounted in a rotatable manner by means of a particularly passive magnetic bearing. [7] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the passage channel (11) has a rectangular cross-sectional shape at least in the area of ​​the constriction. [8] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the passage channel (11) is bounded by convex and / or concave wall surfaces (14, 15), wherein opposing wall surfaces (14, 15) preferably have a symmetrical geometry. [9] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the axis of symmetry (6) has an adjustable angle with the vertical axis, in particular between 0 and 30°. [10] Device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the flow-guiding elements (9) extend uninterrupted in the flow channel (4) between the opposing flow-guiding surfaces (8) and / or between a radially outer area up to the central area (5).

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