High-voltage device for a vehicle and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage device (2) for a vehicle (1), comprising at least one high-voltage energy storage device (3) and a high-voltage component (4) which is electrically connected to the high-voltage energy storage device (3) via at least one forward conductor (5) and one return conductor (6), characterized in that the forward conductor (5) and the return conductor (6) are guided parallel to each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle (1) with such a high-voltage device (2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a high-voltage device for a vehicle, in particular an electrically driven vehicle. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular an electrically driven vehicle, having such a high-voltage device.

[0002] Electric vehicles, in particular, require a high-voltage system that can absorb very high currents in the charging direction and deliver them in the discharging direction during normal operation. These very high currents place very high demands on the assembly and connection technology.

[0003] The legal EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) requirements can only be met with conventional concepts with minimal required safety margins. Electromagnetic compatibility means the absence of influences on other devices and equipment that could lead to unwanted or intentional malfunctions of electrical or electronic equipment, for example, due to electrical, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields and processes. This already includes influences caused by currents or voltages.

[0004] Proper construction and design are essential to ensuring the electromagnetically compatible function of electrical equipment. EMC directives and standards regulate the verification and confirmation of sufficiently low interference susceptibility and interference emissions.

[0005] High-voltage systems are known from the state of the art in which a high frequency or high-frequency current is fed back to the energy storage device, such as a battery, via a vehicle body, for example, via a grounding cable. This can result in a loss of comfort, such as the inability to use a medium-wave radio in the vehicle. Furthermore, risks are often accepted during annual measurements to ensure EMC quality.

[0006] The invention is based on the object of specifying a high-voltage device for a vehicle, in particular an electrically driven vehicle, which is improved compared to the prior art, and an improved vehicle with such a high-voltage device.

[0007] The object with regard to the high-voltage device is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in claim 1. The object with regard to the vehicle is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in claim 5.

[0008] Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0009] The high-voltage device according to the invention for a vehicle comprises at least one high-voltage energy storage device and a high-voltage component which is electrically connected to the high-voltage energy storage device via at least one forward conductor and one return conductor, wherein the forward conductor and the return conductor are forcibly guided parallel to one another.

[0010] High-voltage devices or high-voltage systems are known from the prior art in which the forward current and return current are spatially separated from one another. In this case, the return current was fed back to the energy storage device via a vehicle body, for example. This spatially separates a high-frequency return current from a high-frequency forward current, resulting in a larger secondary antenna, e.g., a spanned surface, which can result in poorer electromagnetic compatibility (also known as EMC behavior). Feeding the return current back via the vehicle body can have a negative impact on interference emission and interference immunity. In conventional high-voltage systems, paths, in particular current paths, for high-frequency return currents were formed on different paths of the vehicle body.As a result, EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) measurement results cannot be reproduced to ensure EMC quality. For example, comparatively poor EMC performance is also achieved by using aluminum-steel components, different adhesive and / or screw fastening techniques in modern assembly techniques. The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the number of fastening elements for mounting the high-voltage device in and / or on the vehicle can be reduced. This simplifies the assembly and disassembly of a high-voltage device in and / or on the vehicle, and saves costs. Furthermore, the paths of the vehicle body are not additionally influenced by the connections of a high-voltage device.

[0011] By forcibly routing the supply and return conductors parallel to each other, spatial separation of the supply and return conductors is avoided, improving EMC or so-called EMC behavior. This at least reduces or even prevents interference with other vehicle components and / or high-voltage components due to unwanted electrical or electromagnetic effects.

[0012] For example, the high-voltage device and other vehicle components and / or high-voltage components in the near field and far field can interfere with or influence each other with at least little or no mutual interference by avoiding the spatial separation of a forward current carried by the forward conductor and a return current carried by the return conductor.

[0013] The high-voltage device according to the invention can be used for the evaluation, analysis, and reproduction of measurement results in a simple and straightforward manner. Furthermore, the high-voltage device according to the invention allows EMC guidelines and standards to be largely complied with without compromising comfort.

[0014] By means of the high-voltage device according to the invention, the high-voltage energy storage device, the high-voltage component, as well as the conductors and the associated current paths, are largely insulated from the vehicle body. This improves EMC behavior.

[0015] In a further development, the forward conductor and the return conductor are forced in close spatial proximity to each other.

[0016] In a further development, the forward conductor and the return conductor are routed in a common cable. For example, the forward conductor and the return conductor can be positively guided parallel to each other in a common cable. Alternatively, the forward conductor can be designed as an inner cable and the return conductor as an outer cable enclosing the inner cable, or vice versa. The forward conductor, and thus a high-frequency forward current, can be positively guided as close as possible to the return conductor and thus to the high-frequency return current. This positive routing in close spatial proximity leads to cancellation and thus to interference suppression.

[0017] In a further development, the high-voltage energy storage device is electrically connected to a number of high-voltage components via star points. Electromagnetic compatibility can be improved by using individual star points in the high-voltage device. The high-voltage device can be isolated from the vehicle body. This leads to comparatively improved and more robust EMC.

[0018] Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle having a vehicle body and at least one high-voltage device according to the features of the preceding description, wherein the high-voltage device is arranged in the vehicle in a state insulated from the vehicle body. The high-voltage device ensures that a high-frequency forward current flowing from the high-voltage energy storage device to the high-voltage component runs substantially parallel to a high-frequency return current flowing from the high-voltage component to the high-voltage energy storage device. In particular, the high-voltage device and its conductor routing or wiring and / or conductor routing paths or wiring paths are largely insulated from the vehicle body and / or from other vehicle components and / or high-voltage components.

[0019] In a possible further development, the high-voltage device is galvanically isolated from the vehicle body in such a way that a galvanic coupling between the vehicle body and the high-voltage device exists at only one point. In other words: the high-voltage device is galvanically isolated from the vehicle at as many points as possible, so that in an ideal case, only one point with a galvanic coupling remains between the vehicle and the high-voltage device. The galvanic coupling is reduced to a single point.

[0020] Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

[0021] It shows: Fig. 1 schematically shows a vehicle with a high-voltage device.

[0022] The only Fig. 1 schematically shows an electrically driven vehicle 1 with a high-voltage device 2.

[0023] The high-voltage device 2 comprises a high-voltage energy storage device 3 and a high-voltage component 4, which is electrically connected to the high-voltage energy storage device 3 via at least one forward conductor 5 and one return conductor 6. The high-voltage energy storage device 3 is, for example, a high-voltage battery. The high-voltage component 4 can be, for example, a vehicle electrical system, in particular a high-voltage electrical system. The high-voltage component 4 can be a component of a high-voltage electrical system of the vehicle 1.

[0024] The electrically powered vehicle 1 can be a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. The vehicle 1 includes, for example, an electric drive, and a high-voltage device 2, also called an HV device or HV system, can be provided to supply the electric drive with power.

[0025] The forward conductor 5 defines a current path for a forward current. The forward current is, for example, a high-frequency current that is supplied from the high-voltage energy storage device 3 to the high-voltage component 4.

[0026] The return conductor 6 defines a current path for a return current. The return current is, for example, a high-frequency current that is fed back from the high-voltage component 4 to the high-voltage energy storage device 3.

[0027] The forward conductor 5 and the return conductor 6 are forcibly guided parallel to each other.

[0028] The forward conductor 5 and the return conductor 6 are forcibly guided in close spatial proximity to each other.

[0029] The forward conductor 5 and the return conductor 6 can be routed in a common cable (not shown in detail). For example, the forward conductor 5 and the return conductor 6 can be forced parallel to each other in a common cable.

[0030] Alternatively, the forward conductor 5 can be designed as an internal cable. The return conductor 6 can be designed as an external cable enclosing the internal cable. The forward conductor 5 can be forced as close as possible to the return conductor 6.

[0031] In other words, the high-frequency forward current and the high-frequency return current are forced parallel and in close proximity to each other. This can result in cancellation and interference suppression. This prevents other vehicle components and / or other high-voltage components in the near or far field of the vehicle 1 or the high-voltage device 2 from being disturbed and / or influenced by electromagnetic effects. List of reference symbols 1 vehicle 2 high-voltage device 3 high-voltage energy storage units 4 High-voltage components 5 outgoing conductors 6 return conductors

Claims

[1] High-voltage device (2) for a vehicle (1), comprising at least one high-voltage energy storage device (3) and one high-voltage component (4) which is electrically connected to the high-voltage energy storage device (3) via at least one forward conductor (5) and one return conductor (6), characterized by that the forward conductor (5) and the return conductor (6) are forcibly guided parallel to each other. [2] High-voltage device (2) according to claim 1, characterized by that the forward conductor (5) and the return conductor (6) are forcibly guided in close spatial proximity to one another. [3] High-voltage device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the forward conductor (5) and the return conductor (6) are routed in a common cable. [4] High-voltage device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the high-voltage energy storage device (3) is electrically connected to a number of high-voltage components (4) via star points. [5] Vehicle (1) with a vehicle body and at least one high-voltage device (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the high-voltage device (2) is arranged in the vehicle (1) in a state insulated from the vehicle body. [6] Vehicle (1) according to claim 5, characterized by that the high-voltage device (2) is galvanically separated from the vehicle body in such a way that a galvanic coupling between the vehicle body and the high-voltage device (2) is present only at one point.

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