Prefabricated component for an EMC-shielded building, EMC-shielded building, use of an EMC-shielded building and method for assembling the prefabricated components

Abstract

Prefabricated component (100) for an EMC-shielded building, wherein the prefabricated component (100) has reinforcements (60) cast into a concrete body (80), and wherein the concrete body (80) has a front surface (14) and a rear surface (15), as well as an upper edge (11), a lower edge (12) and at least two side edges (13), characterized in that the prefabricated component (100), in addition to the reinforcement (60), contains at least one EMC protective layer (70) made of at least one reinforcing steel mat having a mesh size of less than 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm, and wherein the ends of these reinforcing steel mats (71) protrude from the concrete at at least one of the edges (11, 12, 13) of the concrete body (80), and the prefabricated component (100) additionally has a circumferential lightning protection (90) made of flat steel or round steel.

Description

The invention relates to a building panel for an EMC shielded building according to the preamble of claim 1.Prefabricated concrete components are known. They can be produced at a suitable location and subsequently assembled at the location where the building is to stand. In this case, concrete is usually cast around a reinforcement made of steel, usually concrete steel mats, on a suitable table.DE 20 2007 014 526 U1 describes such a structural element comprising a layer (A) consisting of cement and concrete aggregate material, in which a reinforcing mat in the form of a micro-woven layer is embedded, which comprises a plurality of woven layers, and at least one further layer (B) of castable, curable material, which is fully connected to the layer (A). The microtissue layers are positioned and fixed in the structural element by anchoring elements in the form of screws or wires.DE 195 25 082 C2 discloses a prefabricated wall element made of a castable construction material with embedded reinforcement for the construction of high structures. The wall element is produced in a reusable upright, open formwork. The wall element is planar in the region of all visible surfaces and has clean, straight edges. The reinforcement partially protrudes at least downward and upward, so that in a construction-statically trouble-free manner, adjacent wall elements of the same type can be connected.In particular in buildings which house sensitive electronics, such as rectifier works, it is important that the buildings have an EMC protection in addition to the usual lightning protection. EMC refers to the electromagnetic compatibility.EMC shielding prevents the reciprocal influencing of technical devices by electrical or electromagnetic effects or by other devices. An EMC shielded building has an EMC protection which can prevent technical devices arranged in the building from being disturbed by electrical or electromagnetic effects from outside the building and / or that devices inside the building disturb corresponding devices outside the building.Hitherto, for the production of EMC protection, it has been customary to attach wire mesh to the inner wall after the building has been erected. This, however, has various disadvantages. Thus, this is not only visually unattractive, but the wire is often also relatively thin, so that unintentional damage points can quickly arise in the wire mesh. This then usually also leads directly to gaps in the shielding.It is therefore desirable to provide prefabricated components with the aid of which the building built from the prefabricated components is protected completely and reliably from EMC. The EMC protection should also be as insensitive as possible to sabotags or unintentional damage, for example. Furthermore, the EMC protection should manage without additional measures which must be subsequently applied in the interior of the building.The invention is set out in claim 1 and in claims 8, 9 and 10. Embodiments are the subject matter of claims 2 to 7.In a prefabricated element for an EMC shielded building, wherein the prefabricated element has reinforcements which are cast into a concrete body, and wherein the concrete body has a front surface and a rear surface, and also an upper edge, a lower edge and at least two side edges, it is proposed that the prefabricated element contains at least one EMC protective layer made of at least one concrete steel mat which has a mesh size of less than 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm and wherein the ends of these concrete steel mats project from the concrete at at least one of the edges of the prefabricated element.Concrete steel mats are known in principle. These are grids made of steel rods, which usually serve to stabilize the concrete body. These grids usually have a mesh size of 15 cm and larger. Surprisingly, it has now been found that when using so-called special list mats, i.e. concrete steel mats with a mesh size differing from the usual size, a good EMC shielding can be achieved. EMC stands for electromagnetic compatibility. In order to achieve a complete EMC protection which can shield an entire building all around, it is now proposed that corresponding concrete steel mats with a smaller mesh size are used in prefabricated structural parts and that the ends of the steel bars which form the concrete steel mats of the EMC protection layer protrude at the side edges of the concrete body. During the construction of the building, the finished components can then be set up in each case with adjoining side edges. In this case, the ends of the concrete steel mats with the small mesh size protruding from the individual concrete bodies overlap. After the finished components have been set, these overlapping regions of the concrete steel mats can be welded to one another and cast with in-situ concrete. In this way, an all-round closed EMC protection for the building can be achieved. It is particularly favorable in this case if the free ends of the EMC protection layer protrude from the concrete at the side edges.It is also advantageous if at least one of the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer has further free ends which protrude from the concrete at the upper edge and / or at the lower edge. This offers the possibility of including ceiling or floor panels in the EMC protection as well. It is particularly favorable in this case if the free ends of the EMC protective layer protrude from the concrete both at the side edges and at the upper and / or lower edge.In any case, it is favorable that the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer are completely covered by concrete in the region of the front surface and in the region of the rear surface. The EMC protective layer of the building made of several prefabricated components is, after assembly and casting of the joint areas between the individual prefabricated components with in-situ concrete, thus completely integrated in the concrete and not readily accessible from the outside. The prefabricated part can be either a semifinished part or a prefabricated part. It is also conceivable for the prefabricated part to have recesses for windows or the like. The windows are then likewise provided with EMC protection accordingly separately. The region between two adjacent finished components is considered to be the joint region, i.e. the region in which adjacent finished components adjoin one another. This can be, for example, the region between two side edges. It is also conceivable that it is the region between the upper edge and a ceiling panel or between the lower edge and the floor panel. It is advantageous in any case if the edges of the concrete body are designed such that they have a step-shaped recess and that the free ends of the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer emerge from the concrete body in the region of the recess. The joint region can be formed approximately T-shaped in this way, wherein the region of the cross beam of the T accommodates the free ends of the concrete steel mats and the prefabricated components adjoin one another in the region of the longitudinal beam of the T. The free ends of the concrete steel mats of adjacent prefabricated components can then overlap in the region of the cross beam of the T and can be cast completely around by filling the joint region with in-situ concrete.It is particularly favorable if at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer has a mesh width of at least 5 cm x 5 cm, preferably of at least 6 cm x 6 cm, particularly preferably of at least 6.5 cm x 6.5 cm, very particularly preferably of about 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm. Furthermore, at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer has a mesh width of at most 9 cm x 9 cm, particularly preferably of at most 8.5 cm x 8.5 cm, very particularly preferably of about 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm. It can be seen in this respect that the mesh width of the concrete steel mats which form the EMC protection layer is preferably between 5 cm x 5 cm and 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm.According to the invention, the reinforcement of the prefabricated component has at least one concrete steel mat. This concrete steel mat of the reinforcement has a larger mesh width than the concrete steel mat forming the EMC protection. For example, the concrete steel mat of the reinforcement can have a mesh width of 15 cm x 15 cm. The concrete steel mat for the reinforcement is thus a standard mat. It serves at least as part of the reinforcement or forms the reinforcement. The reinforcement serves for the technical voltage compensation or the potential compensation of the finished component. In addition, it can support the building-shielding effect of the EVM protection layer. A corresponding prefabricated component thus comprises at least two layers of concrete steel mats, namely a first layer which has a mesh width of less than 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm and serves as an EMC protection layer, and a second layer which has a standard mesh width, for example of 15 cm x 15 cm and serves as a reinforcement.Furthermore, according to the invention, the finished component has a circumferential lightning protection made of flat steel or round steel. The flat steel can be, for example, a steel strip. Preferably, however, it is a round steel. For example, a round reinforcement steel with a diameter of 12 mm is conceivable, which is placed in a round-round manner, as it were as a framing of the concrete body. This round steel can be provided with the concrete steel mat of the reinforcement in a brittle manner. Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the concrete steel mats to be welded on approximately all metres. In either case, the revolving flat steel or round steel is connected to ground points. For this purpose, it can be equipped with terminal connections. These clamp connections are preferably screwed. Ground points and round steel or flat steel form the lightning channel and ensure the lightning current carrying capacity of the finished part installed in a building.It is advantageous in this respect if the finished component has at least two ground reference points. The preferred number of ground reference points depends on the horizontal width of the finished component. With a horizontal width of less than 1,000 mm, for example, only one ground reference point is installed at each top and bottom, i.e. just below the top edge and just below the bottom edge. With a module width of more than 1,000 mm and in this case less than 3,000 mm, preferably four ground reference points, namely respectively two at the top and two at the bottom, are installed in total. The ground reference points are always constructed as frames in accordance with the frame already described above. The basic shape of the frame consists of lightning protection made of flat steel or round steel. This is then electrically contacted and connected at the corresponding locations for the ground reference points.In a further aspect, an EMC shielded building is proposed, wherein at least the walls of the building have prefabricated concrete components, as described above. For example, it is also conceivable that the building has a combination of outer walls and inner walls of different wall thicknesses. In this case, for example, the outer wall of the building can be formed from prefabricated components as described above, while the inner wall consists of conventional reinforced concrete semi- or reinforced concrete solid parts. The outer wall of the building in this case contains the EMC protection and thanks to the use of the above described prefabricated components it is possible to achieve a gapless protection for the entire building. According to the invention, the building is used as a rectifier plant.Furthermore, a method for producing and mounting prefabricated concrete components according to the above-described for producing an EMC shielded rectifier plant according to the above-described likewise is proposed, wherein the method has the following steps: a. producing at least two prefabricated concrete components, wherein the producing comprises the casting in of at least one reinforcement and the casting in of at least one EMC protective layer, wherein the EMC protective layer is a concrete steel mat with a small mesh width and wherein the casting in of the concrete steel mat with a small mesh width is effected in such a way that the ends of the concrete steel mat remain free and protrude from the concrete at the side edges and / or upper edge and / or lower edge, b. placing at least two prefabricated concrete components adjacent to one another, wherein the placing is effected in such a way, the free ends of the EMC protective layer protruding from the concrete at the side edges and / or upper edge and / or lower edge overlap in the joint region between the adjacently arranged prefabricated parts; c. welding the overlapping free ends of the EMC protective layer; d. enclosing the joint region and pouring out the joint region with in-situ concrete.With regard to the method steps, the statements already made above naturally also apply, as far as it relates to the production or use of the above-described finished components in order to avoid doublings, the statements made above are therefore expressly and fully incorporated at this point and reference is made thereto.The finished components can be produced, for example, on a correspondingly large mounting table on which the reinforcement and the EMC protection layer are applied and cast with concrete.Further features, details and advantages of the invention are evident from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments on the basis of the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wall of a building using prefabricated components with EMC protection, FIG. 2 shows a schematic partial section of a prefabricated component with EMC protection of such a building, FIG. 3 ashows a further schematic representation of the connection of various finished components in a perspective view, FIG. 3 bshows a schematic top view of a finished component with two ground points, FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross section through two adjacent finished components along the sectional plane A-A of FIG. 3 a.An example of a wall 1 of a building is shown in FIG. 1, having an outer wall 10, an inner wall 20 and a window 30. the outer wall 10 is a prefabricated component 100 as described above. The prefabricated component 100 has an upper edge 11, a lower edge 12 and side edges 13. These can be used in the position and orientation of the finished components 100.The prefabricated component 100 further has a concrete body 80 with a front surface 14 and a rear surface 15 concealed by the inner wall 20 in FIG. 1 Ground points 40 are formed in the front surface 14.FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through a corresponding prefabricated component 100. Identical reference numerals designate identical components here as already described for FIG. 1. It can be seen in the section which runs from top to bottom through the window 30 that a reinforcement 60 and an EMC protective layer 70 are embedded in the concrete body 80. At the upper edge 11, the free ends 71 of the concrete steel mat forming the EMC protection layer 70 emerge from the concrete body 80.FIG. 3 ashows a further schematic view of the wall 1, wherein the building also has a ceiling 2, which here is an intermediate ceiling, and a floor panel 3. Here too, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as already described for the preceding figures. The same applies to FIGS. 3 b, 4 and 5. FIG. 3 b shows a schematic top view, shown in simplified form, of a prefabricated component 100 with free ends 71 of the EMC protection layer 70 projecting from the concrete body 80.The outer wall 10 and the inner wall 20 can be seen again in FIG. 3 a. The outer wall 10 is shown here as if it were at least partially transparent. The reinforcement 60 can therefore be seen. In the outer wall 10, as is also shown for the other figures, an EMC protective layer 70 is cast into the concrete body 80. The free ends 71 of this EMC protective layer 70 protrude from the concrete body 80 at the side edges 13, as well as at the upper edge 11 and at the lower edge 12, so that they can be connected to adjacent free ends 71 of further prefabricated components 100.It can also be seen that the finished components 100, the outer wall 10, each have a circumferential lightning protection 90. Lightning protection 90 is connected to ground reference points 40 respectively. The ground points 40 of adjacent prefabricated components 100 are connected to one another and / or to a ground 42 via connecting loops 41.FIG. 4 shows a detail of the connection point between two finished components 100, along the section line A-A shown in FIG. 3 a. Each prefabricated component 100 has a concrete body 80 in which a reinforcement 60 and an EMC protective layer 70 are cast. The concrete body 80 has a front side 14 and a rear side 15, as already described above. On the front side 14, the EMC protection layer 70 is connected to a ground reference point 40.A recess 111 is formed on the side edges 11 of the concrete body 80. A T-shaped recess is formed by this recess 111 in the abutment region 112 in which the two finished components 100 abut against one another. The shape of this recess comprises a cross beam 113 and a longitudinal beam 114. In the region of the cross beam 113, the free ends 71 of the EMC protective layer 70 of the respective prefabricated components 100 emerge from the concrete body. The free ends 71 project in such a way that they overlap in the joint region 112. To produce a cohesive connection between the two finished components 100, a flexrail 115 is inserted into the longitudinal beam 114 and closes the longitudinal beam 114. The T-shaped channel formed in this way between the two prefabricated components 100 can be filled with in-situ concrete in this way without the in-situ concrete exiting on the rear side 15.The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways.In any case, in a prefabricated component 100 for an EMC shielded building, wherein the prefabricated component 100 has reinforcements 60 which are cast into a concrete body 80, and wherein the concrete body 80 has a front face 14 and a rear face 15, and an upper edge 11, a lower edge 12 and at least two side edges 13, it is important that the prefabricated component 100 contains at least one EMC protective layer 70 made of at least one concrete steel mat which has a mesh size of less than 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm, and wherein the ends of these concrete steel mats 71 protrude from the concrete at at least one of the edges 11, 12, 13 of the concrete body 80. It can be favorable if at least one of the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer 70 has further free ends 71 which protrude from the concrete at the upper edge 11 and / or at the lower edge 12.In any case, it is advantageous if at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer 70 has a mesh width of at least 5 cm x 5 cm, preferably of at least 6 cm x 6 cm, particularly preferably of at least 6.5 cm x 6.5 cm, very particularly preferably of about 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm. It is also advantageous if at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer 70 has a mesh width of at most 9 cm x 9 cm, particularly preferably of at most 8.5 cm x 8.5 cm, very particularly preferably of about 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm.It is also conceivable for the reinforcement 60 to have at least one concrete steel mat. Furthermore, the finished component 100 has a circumferential lightning protection 90 made of flat steel or round steel. It is also favorable here if the prefabricated component 100 has at least two ground reference points 40.Furthermore, an EMC shielded building is favorable, in which at least the walls of the building consist of prefabricated concrete components 100 according to the invention. It is conceivable that the building is a rectifier plant.A further advantage is found in a method for producing and mounting the prefabricated elements 100 from concrete for producing an EMC shielded rectifier plant, wherein the method has the following steps: a. producing at least two prefabricated elements 100, wherein the producing comprises the casting in of at least one reinforcement 60 and the casting in of at least one EMC protective layer 70, wherein the EMC protective layer 70 is a concrete steel mat with a small mesh width and wherein the casting in of the concrete steel mat with a small mesh width is effected in such a way that the ends 71 of the concrete steel mat remain free and protrude from the concrete at the side edges and / or upper edge and / or lower edge, b. setting the prefabricated elements 100, wherein the setting is effected in such a way, the free ends 71 of the EMC protective layer 70 protruding from the concrete at the side edges 13 and / or upper edge and / or lower edge 11, 12 overlap in the joint region 112 between adjacent prefabricated components 100; c. welding the overlapping free ends 71 of the EMC protective layer; d. enclosing the joint region 112 and pouring out the joint region 112 with in-situ concrete.List of reference charactersA sectional plane 1 wall 2 ceiling 3 floor 10 outer wall 11 upper edge 12 lower edge 13 side edge 14 front surface 15 rear surface 20 inner wall 30 window 40 ground fixed point 41 connecting loop 42 ground 50 connecting tab 60 reinforcement 70 EMC protection layer 71 free ends 80 concrete body 90 lightning protection 100 prefabricated component 111 recess 112 joint region 113 cross beam 114 longitudinal beam 115 flex rail

Claims

Prefabricated component (100) for an EMC shielded building, wherein the prefabricated component (100) has reinforcements (60) which are cast into a concrete body (80), and wherein the concrete body (80) has a front face (14) and a rear face (15), and also an upper edge (11), a lower edge (12) and at least two side edges (13), characterized in that the prefabricated component (100) contains, in addition to the reinforcement (60), at least one EMC protective layer (70) made of at least one concrete steel mat which have a mesh size of less than 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm and wherein the ends of these concrete steel mats (71) on at least one of the edges (11, 12, 13) of the concrete body (80) of the concrete protrude and the prefabricated part (100) additionally has a circumferential lightning protection (90) of flat steel or round steel.Prefabricated component according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one of the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer (70) has further free ends (71) which protrude from the concrete at the upper edge (11) and / or at the lower edge (12).Prefabricated component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer (70) has a mesh width of at least 5 cm x 5 cm, preferably of at least 6 cm x 6 cm, particularly preferably of at least 6.5 cm x 6.5 cm, very particularly preferably of approximately 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm.Prefabricated component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one concrete steel mat of the EMC protective layer (70) has a mesh width of at most 9 cm x 9 cm, particularly preferably of at most 8.5 cm x 8.5 cm, very particularly preferably of about 7.5 cm x 7.5 cm.Prefabricated component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement (60) has at least one concrete steel mat.Prefabricated component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edges of the concrete body (80) have a step-shaped recess (111), and in that the free ends of the concrete steel mats of the EMC protective layer (70) emerge from the concrete body (80) in the region of the recess (111).Prefabricated component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the prefabricated component (100) has at least two ground reference points (40).EMC shielded building, wherein at least the walls of the building comprise prefabricated concrete components (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims.Use of an EMC shielded building according to claim 8 as a rectifier plant.Method for producing and mounting prefabricated concrete components according to one of claims 1 to 7 for producing an EMC shielded rectifier plant, wherein the method has the following steps: a. producing at least two prefabricated parts (100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the producing comprises the casting in of at least one reinforcement (60) and the casting in of at least one EMC protective layer (70), wherein the EMC protective layer (70) is a concrete steel mat with a small mesh width and wherein the casting in of the concrete steel mat with a small mesh width takes place in such a way that the ends (71) of the concrete steel mat remain free and protrude from the concrete at the side edges and / or upper edge and / or lower edge, b. placing the at least two prefabricated components adjacent to one another, wherein the positioning is effected in such a way that the free ends (71) of the EMC protective layer (70) protruding from the concrete at the side edges (13) and / or upper and / or lower edge (11, 12) overlap in the joint region (112) between the adjacently arranged finished parts (100); c. welding the overlapping free ends (71) of the EMC protective layer; d. enclosing the joint region (112) and pouring out the joint region (112) with in-situ concrete.

Images