Method for integrating a portable buffer storage into an energy network

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for integrating a portable buffer storage device (20) into an energy network (14) of a consumer (10) for storing electrical energy (15) not used by the consumer (10) and for feeding electrical energy (15) into the energy network (14) of the consumer (10) via an at least unidirectional charging interface (29). The method comprises forecasts (82) regarding energy demand (62) and energy availability (64) of the consumer (10), as well as forecasts (82) regarding the availability and state of the portable buffer storage device (20). For modeling the forecasts (82), data P V (52) of the portable buffer memory (20) and / or data N V (54) of at least one user (30) of the portable buffer storage (20). The invention also relates to a charging system for carrying out such a method, as well as to the use of the method by means of such a charging system.

Description

Technical FieldThe present invention relates to a method for integrating a portable buffer store into an energy network of a consumer for storing electrical energy not used by the consumer and for feeding electrical energy into the energy network of the consumer via an at least unidirectional charging interface. In addition, the invention relates to a charging system for carrying out such a method, and to a use of the method by means of such a charging system.Prior ArtDE 10 2018 219 388 A1 relates to an operating assistance method for a (partially) electrically operable vehicle, which comprises: (i) detecting a state of charge of the vehicle battery, (ii) detecting position, speed and / or acceleration of the vehicle, (iii) supplying the detected values to an energy consumption model, (iv) predicting a state of charge of the battery using the energy consumption model on the basis of the initial state of charge and the detected values, and (v) planning and output data of the vehicle operation. This also includes operating the integration of the vehicle on the grid connection side in an optimized manner, wherein the charging process is controlled according to specifications of the local load (load management) and the energy provision (energy management based on specific electricity tariffs, availability of separately generated, optionally temporarily stored energy, etc.). The charging time and energy requirement can be determined on the basis of the state of charge and the mobility requirement. Thus, charging plans can be created with higher reliability, with which the mobility of the vehicle user as well as the optimization on the network and energy side are ensured. The generated information can be used both for the control of the unidirectional energy flow during charging of the vehicle and for the bidirectional operation and energy flow of charging and discharging.DE 10 2016 214 141 A1 discloses a charging system for charging at least one electric vehicle, which has an energy store. The system comprises a power source in the form of a household socket or wall charging station of a household not belonging to the vehicle, to which the energy store is connected and charged. Furthermore, a charging module for ascertaining an electrical charging variable is included, as well as a time switching module which automatically establishes a charging start time point taking into account the electrical charging variable and then activates the charging process. Thus, the charging system can automatically control the charging of at least one, but also of a plurality of, electric vehicles / vehicles with regard to an optimum charging time point, taking into account a multiplicity of parameters.DE 10 2019, 212 941 A1 relates to a method for controlling a state of charge of a vehicle battery. In this case, under boundary conditions, a future setpoint value is determined for the state of charge and the state of charge, likewise under boundary conditions, is controlled in such a way that the setpoint value is reached at the future point in time and predictive energy management is therefore carried out in the on-board power supply system of the vehicle. To manage and optimize control of the power and energy flows in the vehicle is the task of energy management, including associated offline and / or online optimization methods and algorithms.Disclosure of the InventionAccording to the invention, a method for integrating a portable buffer store into an energy network of a consumer for storing electrical energy not used by the consumer and for feeding electrical energy into the energy network of the consumer via an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface is proposed. The method according to the invention comprises predictions about energy requirement and energy availability of the consumer, and predictions about availability and state of the portable buffer memory. In this case, data P V of the portable buffer memory and / or data N V of at least one user of the portable buffer memory are used for modelling the predictions.The portable buffer store is distinguished in that, in contrast to internal energy stores, for example, it does not have a fixed location and is also not constantly connected to an energy network. It can be transported by the user and also used at other locations and connected to other networks. The portable buffer memory is connected to the energy network via an at least unidirectional charging interface, but preferably via a bidirectional charging interface, wherein techniques known to those skilled in the art such as V1G or V2G and V2H are used. These allow intelligent and dynamic charging and feeding of electrical energy, and monitoring and logging thereof. The energy transfer between the load and the portable buffer memory is in particular effected by cable (e.g. via an AC or DC interface) or also wirelessly (e.g. via an inductive coupling).In order to cover the energy requirement of the consumer as well as to make it possible to use the portable buffer store for the user, corresponding predictions are made in the method according to the invention. On the one hand, the energy balance of the consumer, namely energy requirement and energy availability, is predicted. In this case, for example, known consumer behavior, day and season, weather conditions and / or announcements of the consumer can be taken into account.On the other hand, predictions about the availability and the state of the portable buffer memory must be made, which are highly dependent on the behavior of the user. This behavior is depicted in particular via the data N V of the user. The availability comprises all time periods in which the portable buffer memory is connected to the energy network and is thus ready for use. For the state of the buffer store, its state of charge is to be determined above all, both currently or in the future and at specific times or for a specific use. In addition, however, further properties are also to be taken into account which influence the charging and / or storage behavior of the portable buffer memory, for example its age or temperature.In order to be able to model the predictions using an algorithm, both data P V of the portable buffer memory itself and data N V of at least one user of the portable buffer memory and the behavior thereof are collected and used.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the consumer is a building, in particular a house. By integrating the portable buffer store into the energy network of a building, in particular of a house, its overall energy balance can be optimized for all operated electrical devices, in particular at times with particularly intensive or particularly low energy consumption. This can be both a residential building and an office building, a workshop, a garage or other buildings, in particular houses, in which electrical devices are used.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the portable buffer memory is a battery of an at least partially electrically operable vehicle, in particular of an electric vehicle.The battery is the high-voltage (HV) battery of the vehicle, which can be charged, but also discharged, via the interface integrated in the vehicle. Owing to the greater storage capacity, batteries of electric vehicles are particularly suitable for the method according to the invention. Vehicles which can be operated at least partially electrically, in particular electric vehicles, comprise in particular passenger cars, but also trucks, agricultural vehicles or two-wheeled vehicles.In one embodiment, the data P V of the portable buffer store in the form of the battery is obtained directly from the at least partially electrically operable vehicle and / or from a data center B to which the at least partially electrically operable vehicle is connected permanently or regularly, in particular via a wireless data connection.For this purpose, the at least partially electrically operable vehicle has a communication control device for data exchange with the data center B and / or other data exchange for communication.Data on the (GPS) position of the vehicle, speeds, charge state of the battery, connection to a charging station or inputs in the navigation system are processed, for example.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, data P X of other portable buffer memories and / or data N X of other users are used for modelling the predictions by means of correlation. Available data from other portable buffers and / or from other users who do not use the specific load point can be used to improve the accuracy of the predictions via patterns or correlation of these portable buffers and / or users. By correlating the user behavior with the user behavior of other users, for example, a group formation of similar user profiles is possible, which can then be used for modeling the predictions. This is effected, for example, by collecting and evaluating the data in data centers.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, electrical energy is generated by the consumer itself, in particular by means of at least one solar installation and / or at least one wind turbine and / or at least one combined heat and power plant.If the generated electrical energy is not used directly by the consumer, it can be stored in the portable buffer memory and either called up at a later point in time or used at another location by means of the portable buffer memory. As a result, for the self-generation of electrical energy from the solar installation, wind power installation and / or combined heat and power plant, the interaction (reference and feeding) with the regular grid connection can be reduced.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the consumer has a smart energy management system. This optimizes the consumer's own consumption taking into account the forecasts relating to the portable buffer store, that is to say its availability in the energy network and its state, in particular state of charge. The smart energy management system uses an algorithm for this purpose, as is known to a person skilled in the art, and is already established as a control algorithm for energy in the house, for example for houses in home energy management systems (HEMS).For the predictions, further influences can also be taken into account here, for example external conditions such as temperature, wind or solar radiation, which affect the future energy availability and the future energy requirement.In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the data P V of the portable buffer memory is historical data P VH and / or current data P VA.Thus, for the predictions regarding the portable buffer memory, on the one hand, those data P V of the portable buffer memory are used which are currently being called up, such as, for example, the current state of charge, the current use, the position or distance to the energy network; and / or, on the other hand, those data P V, which have already been collected and from which a pattern can be created, for example, with regard to the presence / absence in the energy network, typical use and states of charge. The available data P V can be used or combined independently for the predictions.In further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention, the data N V of the at least one user are obtained from a mobile terminal of the user, in particular a smartphone, or a data center C to which the mobile terminal is connected permanently or regularly, in particular via a wireless data connection.The mobile terminal of the user is used for a data exchange with the data center C and / or another data exchange for a communication. Data on the (GPS) position of the user, but also plans for future points in time in the form of calendar entries and regularly recurring sequences, are processed, for example. Thus, the data N V is also intended to depict a behavior of the user.The invention furthermore relates to a charging system for carrying out the method according to the invention, which charging system comprises at least one energy network of a consumer, a charging interface and a portable buffer store.The load is, for example, a building, in particular a house, the charging interface is an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface, and / or the portable buffer store is a high-voltage battery, in particular an at least partially electrically operable vehicle.In an advantageous embodiment of the charging system according to the invention, a battery is integrated into an energy network of a building for storing electrical energy not used in the building and for feeding electrical energy into the energy network of the building via an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface.In this case, the energy transfer between the load and the portable buffer memory takes place in particular in a cable-bound manner (e.g. via an AC or DC interface) or else wirelessly (e.g. via an inductive coupling).In addition, the invention relates to a use of the method according to the invention by means of the charging system according to the invention.The energy balance of the consumer is thus monitored, controlled and optimized, in particular by means of its own smart energy management system of the consumer.Advantages of the InventionWith the method according to the invention and a charging system according to the invention and the use thereof, an optimization is achieved when using the network connection of a consumer. The removal from the mains connection and the feeding of electrical energy into the mains connection can be reduced. Thus, the local energy balance of energy / power generation, energy / power consumption, storage in the buffer memory and extraction from the buffer memory is optimized.This has a positive overall effect on the grid load, since consumers with the method according to the invention are more independent of the grid connection and there is less need. Bottleneck in the coverage of the requirement can be avoided.The method according to the invention also offers economic advantages for the consumer itself, since even generated (electrical) energy is more favorable than that which has to be obtained by the supplier. At the same time, when (electrical) energy is fed in, usually only a lower annealing is effected. In the case of optimized use of the energy sources and energy stores present, the external relationship is thus minimized by the supplier, and the feeding in of electrical energy generated itself, which is predominantly used itself.An advantage of the method according to the invention is moreover that it is not restricted to a specific consumer or to a specific portable buffer memory or to a number of buffer memories. The method is suitable for any type of consumer which comprises an energy network and can be connected to the portable buffer memory via an interface. A plurality of portable buffer memories can also be connected to the load in parallel or alternately and thus integrated into the energy network. Various portable buffer memories can be taken into account in the method according to the invention via corresponding predictions.Also, the method is not limited to a specific kind of power generation by the load, but various numbers and kinds may be combined. For example, solar installations (photovoltaics, solar heat), combined heat and power stations, but also wind or hydroelectric power installations, are suitable for this purpose.In addition, it is particularly advantageous that the charging system learns from historical data P H for the availability of the portable buffer memory or for the user behavior and enables an improved use of the portable buffer memory in an automated manner. This means, for example, that laborious user inputs are not necessary for the constant optimization when using the charging system according to the invention or the method according to the invention. This automated improvement also does not impair the further use, i.e. in particular the main application, of the portable buffer memory, e.g. in the electric vehicle, the fulfillment of the user's mobility requirements.It is likewise advantageous that the method according to the invention can be easily supplemented for a consumer and can be integrated into existing systems. Special modifications or devices are not necessary for use, so that no great cost arises either.Brief Description of the DrawingsEmbodiments of the invention are explained in more detail on the basis of the drawings and the following description.The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows an overview of the components involved and of communication links in the method according to the invention; and FIG. 2 shows a schematic sequence of the method according to the invention.Embodiments of the InventionIn the following description of the embodiments of the invention, identical or similar elements are denoted by identical reference symbols, wherein a repeated description of these elements is omitted in individual cases. The figures only schematically represent the subject matter of the invention.FIG. 1 shows an overview of the components involved and of communication links 39 (dashed) in the method according to the invention. The exact arrangement is not relevant here, but rather arbitrary. In the depicted overview, the consumer 10 is a building 12, namely a house. This is equipped with a solar installation 72 for generating electrical energy 15-alternatively, for example, a wind turbine 73 or a combined heat and power plant 75 would also be possible. In addition, the building 12 is equipped with a heat pump 74, as well as with an internal energy store 16, an internal power grid 18 and a smart energy management system 76, namely a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) 77. With the aid of the HEMS 77, an energy requirement 62 and an energy availability 64 of the building 12 are determined. For this purpose, all the devices in the building 12 that consume electrical energy 15 and the energy generators are taken into account, but also the memories, such as the internal energy store 16 and the portable buffer store 20.A battery 21, more precisely a high-voltage battery, of an at least partially electrically operable vehicle 24, in particular of an electric vehicle 25, is used here as portable buffer store 20. This is connected at a charging point 28 via an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface 29 to the energy network 14 of the building 12. The electric vehicle 25 has a communication control device 26 and is connected via it permanently or regularly, in particular via a wireless data connection, to a data center B 36.In addition, a user 30 is shown, who uses the electric vehicle 25 including the battery 21 as the portable buffer memory 20. The user 30 is connected to the communication connections 39 via a mobile terminal 32, in particular a smartphone. The mobile terminal 32 is permanently or regularly connected, in particular via a wireless data connection, to a data center C 38. Thus, not only consumers 10, portable buffer memory 20 and users 30 are connected to the data centers A 34, B 36 and C 38 via the communication connections 39, but an exchange between the data centers A 34, B 36 and C 38 and also consumers 10, portable buffer memory 20 and users 30 is also possible.This networking is used in the method according to the invention to generate predictions 82 about energy requirement 62 and energy availability 64 of the consumer 10, and about availability and state of the portable buffer memory 20. For this purpose, data P V52 of the portable buffer memory 20 and / or data N V54 of at least one user 30 of the portable buffer memory 20 are used. In various embodiments, these data P V52 and data N V54 may be current and / or historical and are composed of GPS positions, states of charge, usage behavior, calendar entries and inputs in the navigation system, for example.FIG. 2 shows a schematic sequence of the method according to the invention. For this purpose, the data P V52 of the portable buffer memory 20, the data N V54 of the user 30 and also data P X56 of other portable buffer memories 42 and data N X58 of other users 44 are used.The data P V52 of the portable buffer store 20 contain historical data P VH53 aof the portable buffer store 20 and / or current data P VA53 bof the portable buffer store 20, for example, they comprise the GPS position, the state of charge of the portable buffer store 20 and possible connections to charging stations in each case at different times. The data P X56 for other portable buffer memories 42 correspondingly comprise. the data N V54 of the user 30 comprise, for example, its GPS position at different times, but also entries in the calendar, in particular for planned or regular deadlines. The data N correspondingly comprises X58 for other users 44.Using the data P X56 of other portable buffer memory 42 and the data N X58 of other users 44, patterns and profiles are created by correlation, which allows a group formation of similar profiles. These additionally available data P X56 and data N X58 improve the prediction accuracy of the created predictions 82.For the predictions 82 in the method according to the invention, for example, the following are determined: (i) the times at which the portable buffer store 20 is connected to the energy network 14; (ii) the states of charge of the portable buffer store 20 at different times; (iii) necessary states of charge of the portable buffer store 20 for use at specific times; (iv) changes in the state of charge of the portable buffer store 20.Moreover, predictions 82 relating to the consumer 10 are made, which include, in particular, the energy availability 64, the energy requirement 62 and their development on the basis of predicted boundary conditions 68 in addition to user behavior, predictions 82 relating to the portable buffer store 20, namely weather conditions and other environmental influences, for example.On the basis of all predictions 82, the energy balance is optimized 84 by a targeted control between use / consumption of the electrical energy 15 and storage of the electrical energy 15.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described here and the aspects emphasized therein. Rather, within the scope of the claims, a variety of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of specialist activity.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2018 219 388 A1

[0002] DE 10 2016 214 141 A1

[0003] DE 10 2019 212 941 A1

[0004]

Claims

Method for integrating a portable buffer store (20) into an energy network (14) of a consumer (10) for storing electrical energy (15) not used by the consumer (10) and for feeding electrical energy (15) into the energy network (14) of the consumer (10) via an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface (29), comprising - predictions (82) of energy requirement (62) and energy availability (64) of the consumer (10), and - predictions (82) of availability and state of the portable buffer store (20), wherein data P V(52) of the portable buffer store (20) and / or data N V(54) of at least one user (30) of the portable buffer store (20) are used for modelling the predictions (82).Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the consumer (10) is a building (12), in particular a house.Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the portable buffer store (20) is a battery (21) of an at least partially electrically operable vehicle (24), in particular of an electric vehicle (25).Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that data P V(52) of the portable buffer memory (20) are obtained directly from the at least partially electrically operable vehicle (24) and / or from a data centre B (36) to which the at least partially electrically operable vehicle (24) is connected permanently or regularly, in particular via a wireless data connection.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that data P X(56) of other portable buffer memories (42) and / or data N X(58) of other users (44) are used for modelling the predictions (82) by means of correlation.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that electrical energy (15) is generated by the consumer (10) itself, in particular by means of at least one solar plant (72) and / or at least one wind turbine (73) and / or a combined heat and power plant (75).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the load (10) has a smart energy management system (76).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the data P V(52) of the portable buffer memory (20) is historical data P VH(53 a) and / or current data P VA(53 b).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the data N V(54) of the at least one user (30) are obtained from a mobile terminal (32) of the user (30), in particular a smartphone, or a data centre C (38) to which the mobile terminal (32) is connected permanently or regularly, in particular via a wireless data connection.Charging system for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, at least comprising an energy network (14) of a consumer (10), a charging interface (29) and a portable buffer store (20).Charging system according to Claim 10, characterized in that a battery (21) is integrated into an energy network (14) of a building (12) for storing electrical energy (15) not used in the building (12) and for feeding electrical energy (15) into the energy network (14) of the building (12) via an at least unidirectional, preferably bidirectional, charging interface (29).Use of the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 by means of the charging system according to claim 10 or 11.

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