Method for transferring a component from an output x-ray tube into a target x-ray tube, in particular for recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for transferring a component (12a-12e) from a source X-ray tube (20) to a target X-ray tube (37I-VII), wherein the source X-ray tube has a first sacrificial area (23, 64), the target X-ray tube (37I-VII) has a second sacrificial area (42I-VI), and the component has a component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62), wherein each sacrificial area protrudes from a surface (24, 28, 43) of a respective associated functional area (21, 25, 39, 61, 63), wherein the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) has a component contact surface (30, 55), the first sacrificial area (23, 64) has a first contact surface (65), and the second sacrificial area (42I-VI) has a second contact surface (47). wherein, as long as the component is still installed in the output X-ray tube, outer ends (31, 32) of the associated sacrificial areas are materially bonded and the associated contact surfaces lie parallel to each other,the following steps are taken: a) removal of the respective outer part (33, 34) of the first sacrificial area (23, 64) and of the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62), which comprises the previous outer end (31, 32) of the respective sacrificial area; b) removal of the component from the starting X-ray tube (20); c) positioning of the component on the target X-ray tube (37I-VII), wherein the component contact surface (30) is placed against the second contact surface (47, 54) in a parallel alignment with the second contact surface (47, 54); d) joining of the outer end (36a) of the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) and the outer end (44) of the second sacrificial area (42I-VI) in a material-locking manner. The method according to the invention allows components of X-ray tubes to be reused in a simple manner.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for transferring a component from an output X-ray tube to a target X-ray tube.

[0002] A process for recycling components from X-ray tubes in the form of beryllium windows is known from JP 2002 367 550 A.

[0003] According to the teaching of JP 2002 367 550 A, a window frame in which the beryllium window of an X-ray tube is mounted is welded to a flange of the X-ray tube, so that the window frame is connected to the flange by a weld. The window frame with the beryllium window can be removed from the X-ray tube by melting the weld and reused in another X-ray tube by shortening the weld.

[0004] DE 19 16 497 C3 (also published as US 3 549 931A) relates to an X-ray tube with a replaceable radiation exit window. A tubular part encloses an opening of a tube bulb, with one end of the tubular part being firmly connected to the tube bulb. A tubular part of the radiation exit window is inserted into the tubular part of the tube bulb. The tubular parts are welded together at their outwardly projecting ends. To replace the radiation exit window, it is proposed to cut through the weld. The radiation exit window can then be removed for reuse.

[0005] Another process for recycling beryllium windows from X-ray tubes is known from US 5 515 412 A.

[0006] US Pat. No. 5,515,412 A discloses X-ray tubes in which metallic components of the X-ray tubes, e.g., beryllium windows, are bonded to the glass bodies of the X-ray tubes by special melting materials. Specifically, it is proposed to destroy the glass bodies of defective X-ray tubes, grind down an edge to remove adhering glass pieces, and then attach the beryllium windows of these X-ray tubes to new X-ray tubes by welding them using the aforementioned melting materials. This allows the beryllium windows to be reused.

[0007] JP 2003 142 000 A discloses a process for renewing the target anode of an X-ray tube. A surface layer of the target anode damaged by electron beam irradiation is removed, and a new surface layer is then applied to the target anode by plasma spraying.

[0008] The previously known methods are quite difficult and complex to carry out and are only suitable for special systems of X-ray tubes and components.

[0009] JP H05 159 729 A2 discloses a structure for a radiation window. For this purpose, a transition region is arranged in the beam window between a central region made of beryllium and an outer region made of an iron alloy, in which the materials gradually merge. The outer region is arranged in a support ring, and the outer ends of the outer region and the support ring are welded together. This arrangement is intended to prevent the formation of cracks in the beam window, such as those that can occur when soldering a beam window to a support ring or during operation of the beam window.

[0010] US Pat. No. 5,515,412 also describes an X-ray window held in a Kovar frame and resting on a Kovar connecting ring welded directly to the bulb of the X-ray tube. The Kovar frame and the Kovar connecting ring have a radially outer pressure weld.

[0011] Another X-ray tube with a welded window is known from JP H10 255 702 A. An X-ray image intensifier with a welded window is known from DE 695 09 478 T2. US 3 500 097 A and EP 0 239 214 B1 disclose X-ray tubes with welded flange connections. Object of the invention

[0012] The invention is based on the object of specifying a method with which components of X-ray tubes, and if necessary also the remaining X-ray tubes, can be reused in a simple manner. Brief description of the invention

[0013] The object is achieved according to the invention by a method for transferring a component from an output X-ray tube to a target X-ray tube, wherein the output X-ray tube has a first functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped first sacrificial region, the collar-shaped first sacrificial region protruding from a surface of the first functional region and having an outer end, wherein the target X-ray tube has a second functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped second sacrificial region, the collar-shaped second sacrificial region protruding from a surface of the second functional region and having an outer end, wherein the component has a component functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped component sacrificial region, the component sacrificial region protruding from a surface of the component functional region and having an outer end, the component sacrificial region having a component contact surface, the first sacrificial region having a first contact surface, and the second sacrificial region having a second contact surface, wherein,as long as the component is still installed in the initial X-ray tube, the component contact surface runs parallel to the first contact surface of the collar-shaped first sacrificial region and rests against the first contact surface, and the outer ends of the first sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are materially connected to one another, comprising the following steps: a) removing an outer part of the first sacrificial region, which comprises the previous outer end of the first sacrificial region, and an outer part of the component sacrificial region, which comprises the previous outer end of the component sacrificial region, in order to detach the component from the first sacrificial region, whereby a new outer end of the first sacrificial region and a first new outer end of the component sacrificial region are created; b) removing the component from the initial X-ray tube; c) arranging the component on the target X-ray tube, whereby the component contact surface is placed against the second contact surface,and wherein the component contact surface of the component sacrificial region runs parallel to the second contact surface of the second sacrificial region; d) materially connecting the outer end of the component sacrificial region and the outer end of the second sacrificial region.

[0014] The invention provides for a component, an output X-ray tube, and a target X-ray tube to be designed in a special way, so that the separation of the component and the output X-ray tube and the connection of the component and the target X-ray tube is particularly easy. For this purpose, sacrificial areas are provided on the X-ray tubes and the component, which protrude in a collar-like manner from the respective functional areas. The sacrificial areas abut one another with contact surfaces, and a connecting material connection can be created at the ends of the sacrificial areas.

[0015] To break the connection between the source X-ray tube and the component, outer parts of the sacrificial areas can be removed, thereby also breaking the connection. The removal of the corresponding material can be performed at a safe distance from the functional areas required for the technical function of the X-ray tube or component.

[0016] Likewise, the target X-ray tube can be connected to the component at a safe distance from the functional areas, for example without any noticeable heating or deformation of the functional areas during welding or soldering.

[0017] Due to the collar-shaped protrusion of the sacrificial areas from the functional areas, the outer ends of the sacrificial areas are also easily accessible.

[0018] Within the scope of the invention, the sacrificial regions essentially serve to connect the respective X-ray tube to the component, without the length of the sacrificial regions being important for the connection between the X-ray tube and the component (or for the function of the X-ray tube in general). Accordingly, removal of an outer part of a respective sacrificial region is easily possible in a respective regeneration cycle. Typically, the sacrificial regions have an original length (height) that allows for several regeneration cycles (usually at least three, often at least five), and in a respective regeneration cycle only a small part of the respective sacrificial region is removed. In detail: The respective sacrificial region projects from the associated functional region.The component is removed from the respective source X-ray tube by removing the material bond and simply shortening the sacrificial area. The tools and equipment used for shortening can be easily brought into contact with the sacrificial areas or their outer parts. The respective component is removed from the source X-ray tube at a safe distance from the functional areas of the component and the source X-ray tube so that sensitive electrical and / or mechanical components of the source X-ray tube and the component remain functional. The functional areas of the component and the source X-ray tube remain structurally unchanged.

[0019] If the sacrificial areas are to be connected to attach the component to a target X-ray tube, the sacrificial areas can be connected at an easily accessible location at their (possibly new) outer ends. This simplifies the connection of the respective target X-ray tube to the corresponding component. The sacrificial areas make it possible to advantageously form the connection between the component and the target X-ray tube at a safe distance from the functional areas of the component and the target X-ray tube in order to avoid damage to these functional areas, in particular so that sensitive electrical and / or mechanical components of the target X-ray tube and the component remain functional. The functional areas of the component and the target X-ray tube remain structurally unchanged.

[0020] The connection of the component to the target X-ray tube takes place at a location in a respective sacrificial area that is not relevant to the functionality of the component and the target X-ray tube. This ensures the functionality of the component and the target X-ray tube after connecting the sacrificial areas according to step d).

[0021] The sacrificial areas can prevent the component from being connected to X-ray tubes and from being detached from X-ray tubes at locations where harmful or toxic materials are present.

[0022] Basically, all types of components of the respective X-ray tube and the corresponding installation locations of the X-ray tube can be equipped with sacrificial areas, so that the process offers great flexibility with regard to the selection of components.

[0023] The process thus simplifies the reuse of components from X-ray tubes. In particular, a component can be reinstalled in the same X-ray tube from which it was removed or in a different X-ray tube.

[0024] Within the scope of the method according to the invention, damage can be minimized during the recycling of the component or of a source X-ray tube or target X-ray tube, and the otherwise often necessary, complex repair and reconditioning measures after detaching the component in question from a source X-ray tube or connecting the component to a target X-ray tube can be avoided. Overall, the reuse of components in X-ray tubes can be made particularly cost-effective.

[0025] If desired, several components can be detached and removed from a source X-ray tube in accordance with steps a) and b), and several components can be arranged and connected from a target X-ray tube in accordance with steps c) and d), whereby the components can originate from one or more source X-ray tubes.

[0026] It should be noted that the outer ends of the first / second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region can be connected in a material-locking manner, and preferably in a vacuum-tight manner, in particular by welding or soldering.

[0027] The sacrificial areas are typically formed in a closed circumferential manner, for example in a circular ring, especially if a vacuum-tight connection is desired (e.g. for X-ray windows).

[0028] Functional areas of the component are, in particular, sub-areas of the component whose structural integrity is necessary for the component's intended function. The same applies to functional areas of the aforementioned X-ray tubes and their components.

[0029] If desired or necessary, the component can be repaired or regenerated between steps b) and c), for example by repairing a seal or applying target material. Preferred embodiments of the invention

[0030] A preferred variant of the method is characterized in that the first sacrificial region, the second sacrificial region, and the component sacrificial region are cylindrical or frustoconical, at least in the region of the first contact surface, the second contact surface, and the component contact surface. First sacrificial regions, second sacrificial regions, and component sacrificial regions configured in this way are advantageously characterized by smooth, stepless contact surfaces. This simplifies the application of the contact surfaces to one another (see step c). Furthermore, a parallel course of the component contact surface and the second contact surface can be ensured or verified in a comparatively simple manner, e.g., by determining or specifying the angle of inclination of the contact surfaces in question.

[0031] An advantageous variant of the method is characterized in that an inner wall of the second sacrificial region defines an insertion recess into which the component is inserted in step c), wherein a side wall of the component forms the component contact surface of the component sacrificial region, the inner wall of the second sacrificial region forms the second contact surface, and wherein the side wall runs parallel to the inner wall of the second sacrificial region and bears against this inner wall. The second sacrificial region at least partially surrounds the component, thereby advantageously stabilizing the component in its position and alignment. Furthermore, the second sacrificial region protects the encompassed sections of the component. In addition, inserting the component into the insertion recess results in a compact arrangement of the component and second sacrificial region.

[0032] A variant of the method is advantageous which is characterized in that the second contact surface runs parallel to a joining direction, wherein in step c) the component contact surface is applied to the second contact surface by moving the component in the joining direction.

[0033] The contact surfaces parallel to the joining direction facilitate the use of the lower shim and (standardized) upper shim to align the heights of the outer ends of the second sacrificial area and the component sacrificial area (see below). Furthermore, after the initial contact of the contact surfaces, the component is guided in the joining direction by the second contact surface. This facilitates precise movement of the component in the joining direction.

[0034] A variant of the method is preferred which is characterized in that the second contact surface of the second sacrificial region runs non-parallel to a joining direction, wherein in step c) the component contact surface is applied to the second contact surface by moving the component in the joining direction, in particular wherein the second contact surface runs perpendicular or at an angle between 60° and 120° to the joining direction.

[0035] The non-parallel alignment of the contact surfaces to the joining direction automatically ensures mutual contact between the component and the X-ray tube. Second contact surfaces oriented at an angle to the joining direction can achieve self-centering of the component when the contact surfaces are applied, particularly in process configurations in which the inner walls of insertion openings form the second contact surface.

[0036] In a further variant of the method, the target X-ray tube, particularly in the region of the second sacrificial area, forms a stop against which the component is placed in step c). This easily defines a desired applied position. The stop can be used, in particular, to advantageously determine the depth to which the component can be inserted into the target X-ray tube. This advantageously prevents the component from being inserted undesirably deep into the target X-ray tube. In particular, the stop prevents undesired displacement of the component during the connection of the component to the target X-ray tube according to step d).

[0037] A preferred variant of the method is characterized in that the removal in step a) is carried out by milling or turning the outer parts of the collar-shaped sacrificial regions, in particular by a length of 100 µm to 300 µm. Milling advantageously allows for great flexibility in the shape of the sacrificial regions, which can be removed in a time-saving and precise manner. Turning is particularly suitable for quickly and cost-effectively removing rotationally symmetrical, radially outer, circular sections of the sacrificial regions on essentially rotationally symmetrical X-ray tube bodies.

[0038] An advantageous variant of the method is characterized in that, as long as the component is still installed in the initial X-ray tube, the outer ends of the first sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are connected to each other in a vacuum-tight manner, and in step d), a vacuum-tight connection of the outer end of the component sacrificial region and the outer end of the second sacrificial region takes place. Accordingly, the method according to the invention can be used with components that are involved in limiting the tube vacuum required for the propagation of an electron beam to the anode.

[0039] A preferred variant of the method is characterized in that the material-locking connection in step d) is carried out by welding the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region, in particular by welding with a laser beam, preferably with a resulting weld seam having a depth of 100 µm to 300 µm. Welded joints are advantageously characterized by high mechanical strength and low material costs. In particular, laser welding allows the welding zone of the respective sacrificial region affected by the welding to be kept small. Accordingly, a high number of recycling cycles can be achieved. Laser welding also achieves a high production speed. Both thermal conduction welding and deep penetration welding are contemplated within the scope of the invention.Within the scope of the invention, laser welding can be automated, in particular with a programmed laser scanner (such as a piezo-driven mirror), or it can also be carried out manually.

[0040] A further variant of the method is characterized in that the component is a tube head, a tube base, an exhaust nozzle, an X-ray window with a window frame, a solid-state anode, and / or a target. These components are particularly well suited for the method according to the invention; moreover, they are comparatively expensive components of X-ray tubes, so that removing and installing these components according to the method according to the invention can significantly reduce the manufacturing, maintenance, and operating costs of X-ray tubes.

[0041] A preferred variant of the method is characterized in that the starting X-ray tube is the same X-ray tube as the target X-ray tube, and in particular wherein the first sacrificial region is the same sacrificial region as the second sacrificial region. The method according to the invention can advantageously significantly reduce the costs of reusing X-ray tubes because individual defective / used components can be specifically detached from an X-ray tube and (after repair / regeneration) reinserted into this X-ray tube. This avoids damaging the remaining X-ray tube. The method can be used to safely detach and reinsert a component once or multiple times. If the first and second sacrificial regions are identical, the first sacrificial region is located in the same position in the X-ray tube as the second sacrificial region.

[0042] An alternative to the aforementioned variant of the method is characterized in that the source X-ray tube and the target X-ray tube are different. The method according to the invention can advantageously make the reuse of X-ray tubes considerably more cost-effective by removing functional components from a defective X-ray tube without damaging the components to such an extent that their functionality is lost. The components can then be safely inserted into other X-ray tubes, for example, if their corresponding components are damaged.

[0043] A further variant of the method is characterized in that, at the beginning of step d), the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region have different heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH between the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is at least 300 µm, preferably with 300 µm ≤ dH ≤ 600 µm. The height difference can be determined as the difference in the position of the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region in the direction along their (common) extension direction away from the respective functional region or perpendicular to the adjacent surface of the second functional region (in the attached state of the component on the target X-ray tube).The (individual absolute) height of the respective sacrificial region can be measured (when the component is attached to the target X-ray tube) as the distance of the corresponding outer end to a straight line that runs tangentially to the surface of the second functional region adjacent to the second sacrificial region in the cross-section of the second functional region, the second sacrificial region, and the component. The cross-section is understood to be a section in a sectional plane that extends through the second functional region, the second sacrificial region, and the component, preferably in the direction of a normal to the surface of the second functional region adjacent to the second sacrificial region. If height compensation is omitted (and a potentially larger height difference is accepted accordingly), the process up to and including step c) is particularly simple. However, larger height differences may also have to be overcome in step d).For example, soldering can be used for this purpose, or an inclined laser guide can be set up during welding. Different heights of the sacrificial areas can arise, for example, from the use of components and X-ray tubes whose sacrificial areas were removed a different number of times during the process according to the invention, for example, due to different reuse frequencies, or if the weld seams of the components had different depths before they were separated, i.e., different lengths were removed.

[0044] An alternative variant of the method according to the invention to the aforementioned variant of the method is characterized in that at the beginning of step d) the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region have approximately the same heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH between the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm. With approximately the same heights, the material-locking connection in step d) is particularly simple and can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular by means of laser welding from vertically above. With typical laser welding depths of 200-300 µm, the material-locking connection can be easily produced with small height differences, in particular with dH ≤ 100 µm. With welding depths of approx.With a height difference of 400 µm, which can be achieved, for example, by slightly lower feed rates or slightly longer dwell times of the laser beam, a height difference of 300 µm can still be easily bridged. In particular, vacuum tightness can then also be easily achieved. A small or negligible height difference at the beginning of step d) is usually achieved by prior compensation measures (see below).

[0045] A further development of the aforementioned variant of the method is characterized in that, in order to reduce a height difference between the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region present at the beginning of step d), in a step c'), which takes place before or together with step c) and before step d), a lower compensating element is arranged on the target X-ray tube in the region of the second sacrificial region, and the component arranged on the target X-ray tube in step c) sits on the lower compensating element after step c), in particular wherein the lower compensating element is placed against a stop formed by the target X-ray tube, preferably in the region of the second sacrificial region. The entirety of the lower compensating element and the component sacrificial region then effectively result in a greater height of the outer end of the component sacrificial region when arranged on the target X-ray tube.For this compensation measure, the contact surfaces typically run parallel to the joining direction. Advantageously, using the lower compensation element allows the outer end of the component's sacrificial area to be brought closer to the outer end of the second sacrificial area in a simple, time-saving, and cost-effective manner. Lower compensation elements of different heights are typically kept in a recycling station.

[0046] An alternative development of the aforementioned variant is characterized in that, in order to reduce a height difference between the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region existing at the beginning of step d), in a step c"), which takes place before or after step c) and before step d), an upper compensating element is materially connected to the component sacrificial region or the second sacrificial region at its upper side, in particular is connected in a vacuum-tight manner, so that the affected sacrificial region then forms a new outer end which has a greater height than the previous outer end. The upper compensating element can in particular be welded onto the component sacrificial region or the second sacrificial region. This also makes it possible to create a height difference between the sacrificial regions. In particular, it is also possible to lengthen the sacrificial regions again, so that in principle any number of recycling cycles are possible.Furthermore, the material connection between the upper compensation element and the respective sacrificial area ensures that the new outer end of the respective sacrificial area remains invariable relative to the respective sacrificial area. This simplifies, for example, subsequent joining of the ends of the sacrificial areas according to step d). Typically, upper compensation elements of different heights are kept in a recycling station.

[0047] A further alternative development of the aforementioned variant is characterized in that, in order to reduce a height difference between the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region present at the beginning of step d), an end section of the second sacrificial region and / or the component sacrificial region is removed in a step c‴), which takes place before or after step c) and before step d), so that the affected sacrificial region then forms a new outer end which has a lower height than the previous outer end. By removing the end section, the protruding outer end is easily adjusted to the other outer end (at least approximately). The removal advantageously enables a change in the height of the respective sacrificial region that is only locally pronounced and easily controllable at a respective time during the removal. This particularly applies to removal by milling or turning.

[0048] An advantageous variant of the method is characterized in that a height of the first sacrificial region and / or a height of the component sacrificial region before step a) is at least 1 mm, in particular 1 mm to 5 mm, and that a height of the second sacrificial region and / or a height of the component sacrificial region at the beginning of step d) is at least 0.7 mm, in particular 0.7 mm to 4.7 mm. The specified minimum heights ensure that the functional areas of the X-ray tubes and the component are highly unlikely to be damaged when the method is carried out. Furthermore, with greater heights, the X-ray tubes and / or components can be reused more frequently.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the method, the process is repeated using the same component, with the target X-ray tube of a previous process run being the same X-ray tube as the source X-ray tube of a subsequent process run. By recycling the component multiple times, particularly significant cost savings can be achieved.

[0050] The scope of the present invention also includes an X-ray tube arrangement comprising a target X-ray tube with a component, wherein the target X-ray tube has a second functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped second sacrificial region, wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the second functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component has a component functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped component sacrificial region, wherein the component sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the component functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component sacrificial region has a component contact surface and the second sacrificial region has a second contact surface, wherein the component contact surface runs parallel to the second contact surface of the collar-shaped second sacrificial region on the second sacrificial region and bears against the second contact surface,and the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are materially connected to one another, is characterized in that the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region have different heights, , in particular wherein a height difference dH of the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is at least 300 µm, preferably with 300 µm ≤ dH ≤ 600 µm, in particular wherein the X-ray tube arrangement was produced according to the aforementioned variant of the method according to the invention, in which a height difference dH of the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is at least 300 µm.

[0051] The heights or height difference are determined without a weld bead (or similar connecting structures) at the outer ends of the sacrificial areas. By accepting a significant height difference, compensation measures for the heights of the sacrificial areas can be avoided, and a corresponding recycled X-ray tube / target X-ray tube can be obtained particularly easily and cost-effectively.

[0052] Also within the scope of the present invention is an X-ray tube arrangement comprising a target X-ray tube with a component, wherein the target X-ray tube has a second functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped second sacrificial region, wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the second functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component has a component functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped component sacrificial region, wherein the component sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the component functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component sacrificial region has a component contact surface and the second sacrificial region has a second contact surface, wherein the component contact surface runs parallel to the second contact surface of the collar-shaped second sacrificial region on the second sacrificial region and bears against the second contact surface, and the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are materially connected to one another,wherein the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region have approximately the same heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH between the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm, characterized in that the component is placed on a lower compensating element which is arranged in the region of the second sacrificial region on the target X-ray tube, in particular wherein the X-ray tube arrangement was produced according to the aforementioned variant of the method according to the invention, in which a lower compensating element is arranged on the target X-ray tube in the region of the second sacrificial region. In such an X-ray tube arrangement, the use of the lower compensating element makes it possible toIn a time-saving and cost-effective manner, the outer end of the component sacrificial area was brought closer to the outer end of the second sacrificial area. The material-locking connection of the outer ends is therefore easily possible, especially in a vacuum-tight manner.

[0053] In addition, within the scope of the present invention, a further X-ray tube arrangement comprising a target X-ray tube with a component, wherein the target X-ray tube has a second functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped second sacrificial region, wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the second functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component has a component functional region adjacent to a collar-shaped component sacrificial region, wherein the component sacrificial region protrudes from a surface of the component functional region and has an outer end, wherein the component sacrificial region has a component contact surface and the second sacrificial region has a second contact surface, wherein the component contact surface runs parallel to the second contact surface of the collar-shaped second sacrificial region on the second sacrificial region and bears against the second contact surface, and the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are materially connected to one another,wherein the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region have approximately the same heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH between the heights of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm, characterized in that the component sacrificial region or the second sacrificial region has a welded-on upper compensating element, through which the outer end of the affected sacrificial region is formed, in particular wherein the X-ray tube arrangement was manufactured according to the aforementioned variant of the method according to the invention, in which an upper compensating element is materially connected to the component sacrificial region or the second sacrificial region at its upper side. With the upper compensating element, height compensation can be carried out comparatively easily,Furthermore, if necessary, the sacrificial areas can be extended for further recycling cycles. In such an X-ray tube arrangement, the outer end of the welded compensating element is advantageously fixed to the respective sacrificial area. This facilitates, for example, the connection of the outer ends of the sacrificial areas.

[0054] An advantageous embodiment of the aforementioned X-ray tube arrangements is characterized in that the outer ends of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region are connected to each other in a vacuum-tight manner. This allows the component to be used to define the evacuated region of the X-ray tube through which an electron beam passes.

[0055] Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the drawings. Likewise, the above-mentioned and further-described features can be used individually or in combination in any desired manner. The variants and embodiments shown and described are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather are exemplary in nature for describing the invention. Detailed description of the invention and drawing

[0056] Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-section through an output X-ray tube for the invention; Fig. 2 shows schematically an enlarged section of the cross-section through the output X-ray tube of Fig. 1 in the area of ​​an X-ray window of the X-ray tube; Fig. 3 shows for the output X-ray tube of Fig. 2schematically shows the removal of an outer end of the first sacrificial region of the output X-ray tube and an outer end of the component sacrificial region of the X-ray window; Fig. 4 schematically shows a cross section through the output X-ray tube of Fig. 3 in the area of ​​the X-ray window, wherein the component in the form of the X-ray window was detached from the first sacrificial area of ​​the output X-ray tube according to the method according to the invention; Fig. 5 shows the removal of the component from the output X-ray tube of Fig. 4 ; Fig. 6 shows schematically a cross-section through a target X-ray tube, wherein the component of Fig. 5 is inserted into an insertion recess of the target X-ray tube; Fig. 7 shows a schematic cross section through the target X-ray tube and the component of Fig. 6 after the component is pushed in until it stops; Fig. 8 shows for the target X-ray tube of Fig. 7schematically shows a welding of the second sacrificial region and the component sacrificial region; Fig. 9 shows schematically a cross section through the target X-ray tube and the component of Fig. 8, wherein the sacrificial regions of the target X-ray tube and the component are welded together; Fig. 10 schematically shows a cross section through a target X-ray tube and the component, wherein sacrificial regions of the target X-ray tube and the component have a comparatively small height difference; Fig. 11 schematically shows a cross section through a target X-ray tube and the component, wherein sacrificial regions of the target X-ray tube and the component have a comparatively large height difference; Fig. 12 schematically shows a cross section through a first embodiment of an X-ray tube arrangement, wherein sacrificial regions of the X-ray tube arrangement have a comparatively large height difference; Fig. 13 schematically shows a cross section through a second embodiment of the X-ray tube arrangement with a lower compensating element; Fig.Fig. 14 schematically shows a cross-section through a third embodiment of the X-ray tube arrangement with an upper compensating element; Fig. 15 schematically shows a cross-section through a target X-ray tube and the component, wherein an end section of the second sacrificial region is removed; Fig. 16 schematically shows a cross-section through a target X-ray tube and a component, each with inclined contact surfaces; Fig. 17 schematically shows a cross-section through an anode and an anode frame of a target X-ray tube in an embodiment according to the invention; Fig. 18 shows a schematic side view of an X-ray head and a tube base body.

[0057] Fig. 1 shows an example of a cross-section through an output X-ray tube 20 for the invention, based on the Figures 1 to 9 an exemplary variant of the method according to the invention for transferring a component 12cfrom an output X-ray tube 20 into a target X-ray tube 37 I< , i.e. a recycling of the component 12c within the framework of a recycling cycle, is illustrated.

[0058] First, the normal function of the output X-ray tube 20 is explained; the same applies to the target X-ray tube (see below).

[0059] For generating and emitting X-rays (not shown), the output X-ray tube 20 has a tube head 2 I< with a cathode housing 3 and an anode 4 where the tube head 2 I< is attached to a base body 5 I< the output X-ray tube 20 is vacuum-tightly attached. In an evacuated space of the tube head 2 I< there is a hot cathode 6, When the hot cathode 6 is heated, electrons (not shown) emerge from the hot cathode 6. The electrons are guided under the influence of a shielding which is connected to ground 7on a top side of the anode, the target 8, Upon impact with the anode 4, the electrons are slowed down, generating X-rays (bremsstrahlung and X-rays characteristic of the target material). The X-rays pass through a component 12c in the form of an X-ray window. 9 II< , here a beryllium window, from the output X-ray tube 20 so that measurements or images can be taken using the X-ray radiation.

[0060] When they hit the anode 4, the electrons heat the anode 4. To prevent excessive heating or even melting of the anode 4, the anode 4 is supplied with a supply line 67 and a drain line 68 with a coolant (not shown).

[0061] Within the scope of the method according to the invention, the component 12c, i.e., the X-ray window 9 II< , is transferred from the source X-ray tube 20 to a target X-ray tube 37 I< and is thus reused, for example, if the source X-ray tube 20 is defective. For this purpose, the source X-ray tube 20 and the component 12c are specially designed according to the invention.

[0062] The output X-ray tube 20 is close to the X-ray window 9 II< with a first functional area 21 and a first victim area 23 The first functional region 21 here comprises a front part of the cathode housing 3. The first sacrificial region protrudes outwardly from the adjacent first functional region 23 in a collar-like manner and here has the shape of a cylindrical tube.

[0063] The component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< has a component functional area 25 in which a window plate 14 made of beryllium is held. A component sacrificial area 26 protrudes outwardly from the adjacent component functional area 25.

[0064] To hold the X-ray window 9 II< on the output X-ray tube 20, the first sacrificial area 23 and the component sacrificial area 26 are connected at their outer ends by a material connection 10 The material connection 10 is here made by a weld 11 Alternatively, the first sacrificial region 23 and the component sacrificial region 26 can also be connected to one another, for example by soldering.

[0065] Fig. 2 shows schematically an enlarged section of the cross section through the output X-ray tube 20 in the area of ​​the X-ray window 9 II< .

[0066] The X-ray window 9 II< includes the window plate 14made of beryllium and a window frame 15, which holds the window slab 14; the window frame is essentially formed by the component functional area 25 and the component sacrificial area 26, whereby the actual holding function for the window slab lies in the area of ​​the component functional area 25. The window frame 15 is in a window frame 16 the output X-ray tube 20. The window frame 16 is essentially formed by the first sacrificial area 23 and an inner part of the first functional area 21 facing the X-ray window 9 II<. For positioning the X-ray window 9 II<, the window frame 15 is mounted on a stop 19 which is firmly connected to the window frame 16, in particular materially.

[0067] The output X-ray tube 20 is formed with the first functional area 21, to which the stop 19 is also attached. The first functional area 21 borders with a (here virtual) first intermediate surface 22 to the first sacrificial area 23 of the output X-ray tube 20. From a surface 24 of the first functional area 21, the first sacrificial area 23 extends here in a direction of a normal NO1 the surface 24 of the first functional region 21. The first sacrificial region 23 forms part of the window frame 16, and material can be removed from the first sacrificial region 23 without impairing the functionality of the window frame 16. The first sacrificial region 23 is collar-shaped, in particular in the shape of a cylindrical tube.

[0068] The component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< accordingly has the component functional area 25. The component functional area 25 comprises sub-areas of the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< that are necessary for the functioning of the X-ray window 9 II<, here the window frame 15, which is required for holding the X-ray window 9 II< to the window frame 16. The component sacrificial area 26 borders the component functional area 25 with a (here virtual) component intermediate surface 27 The component sacrificial area 26 extends here in a direction of a normal NOB a surface 28 of the component functional area 25 away from the surface 28. The component sacrificial area 26 can be removed completely or partially, similar to the first sacrificial area 23, without restricting the functionality of the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II<. In the Fig. 2In the case shown, a radially outer side wall forms 29 of the component 12c a component contact surface 30 of the component sacrificial area 26.

[0069] In order to firmly connect the X-ray window 9 II< to the window frame 16, here to connect it vacuum-tight, in the illustrated example an outer end 31 of the first sacrificial area 23 and an outer end 32 of the component sacrificial region 26 are welded together. The outer end 31 of the first sacrificial region 23 is an end of the first sacrificial region 23 facing away from the first functional region 21. Accordingly, the outer end 32 of the component sacrificial region 26 is an end of the component sacrificial region 26 facing away from the component functional region 25. The weld seam 11 is in outer parts 33, 34of the respective sacrificial area 23, 26, wherein the outer parts 33, 34 extend from the outer ends 31, 32 in the direction of the respective functional area 21, 25 up to a dashed cutting line SL extend (more on this below).

[0070] Below the weld seam 11 in the direction of the respective functional area 21, 25, the first sacrificial area 23 has a radially inner first contact surface 65 and the component sacrificial area 26 has the component contact surface 30. The contact surfaces 30, 65 run parallel to each other and lie against each other.

[0071] Component 12c in the form of X-ray window 9 II< is now to be removed from the output X-ray tube 20. The removal of X-ray window 9 II< may be caused, for example, by the output X-ray tube 20 being defective, but X-ray window 9 II< still being functional, so that X-ray window 9 II< can be reused.

[0072] The Fig. 2 shows the initial situation before starting step a) of the method according to the invention.

[0073] Fig. 3 shows schematically a cross section through the output X-ray tube 20 in the area of ​​the component 12c, wherein now in step a) of the method a milling head is applied to the sacrificial areas 23, 26 69 is brought to the workpiece, with which the outer parts 33, 34, including the weld seam 11, are milled off; the milling takes place along or up to the cutting line SL. This allows the sacrificial areas 23, 26 to be separated from one another in order to remove the component 12c from the output X-ray tube 20.

[0074] Fig. 4 shows schematically a cross section through the output X-ray tube 20 in the area of ​​the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< after step a), i.e. wherein the outer parts 33, 34 (see Fig. 2) of the first sacrificial area 23 and the component sacrificial area 26 were removed, in the example shown by milling (cf. Fig. 3 ) or alternatively turning (not shown in detail). The sacrificial areas 23, 26 are therefore bevelled by a distance from the outer parts 33, 34 (see Fig. 2 ) corresponding distance was shortened. By removing the outer parts 33, 34, a new outer end was created 35a of the first sacrificial area 23 and a first new outer end 36a of the component sacrificial area 26. At the same time, the outer parts 33, 34 of the sacrificial areas 23, 26 were removed, so that the sacrificial areas 23, 26 are separated from each other and can now be moved relative to each other. This also separates the X-ray window 9 II< from the first sacrificial area 23 and can be removed from the window frame 16.

[0075] Fig. 5shows schematically a cross section through the output X-ray tube 20, wherein now in step b) of the method the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< of the output X-ray tube 20 is moved in a removal direction HE is taken.

[0076] After removal, component 12c is available for reuse (without prejudice to any repair or regeneration); if necessary, the original X-ray tube 20 can also be recycled. As part of its reuse, component 12c is then installed in a target X-ray tube 37 I<, as explained below.

[0077] Fig. 6 shows schematically a cross-section through an embodiment of a target X-ray tube 37 I< , wherein the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< is in a joining direction FR into a window frame 38the target X-ray tube 37 I< is inserted. The target X-ray tube 37 I< has, at least in the area of ​​the window frame 38, essentially the same shape as the output X-ray tube 20 in the area of ​​the window frame 16 there (cf. Fig. 1 or 2 ). Note that the target X-ray tube 37 I< may be the same X-ray tube as the source X-ray tube 20 (wherein typically after step b) and before step c) a repair or regeneration of the X-ray tube occurred, which required detachment of the X-ray window 9 II<, or a repair or regeneration of the X-ray window 9 II< occurred, which required detachment of the X-ray window 9 II<), or it may be a different X-ray tube.

[0078] The target X-ray tube 37 I< is equipped with a second functional area 39 formed, which forms a frontal part of the outer wall 40of the target X-ray tube 37, here the cathode housing. The second functional area 39 borders with a (here virtual) second intermediate surface 41 to a second victim area 42 I< of the target X-ray tube 37 I<. The second sacrificial area 42 I< extends here in a direction of a normal NO2 a surface 43 of the second functional area 39 away from the surface 43. The second sacrificial area 42 I<, together with a radially inner part of the second functional area, forms the window frame 38, wherein material can be removed from the second sacrificial area 42 I< without limiting the functionality of the window frame 38. The second sacrificial area 42 I< is collar-shaped, in particular in the shape of a cylindrical tube. The second sacrificial area 42 I< has an outer end 44wherein this outer end 44 is an end of the second sacrificial region 42 I< facing away from the second functional region 39.

[0079] An interior wall 45 of the second sacrificial area 42 I< defines an insertion recess 46, into which the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< is inserted in the joining direction FR. The inner wall 45 of the second sacrificial area 42 I< forms a second contact surface 47 , wherein the side wall 29 of the component 12c runs parallel to the inner wall 45 of the second sacrificial region 42 and is placed against this inner wall 45 during insertion. The second contact surface 47 also runs parallel to the joining direction FR. In the insertion recess 46, a stop 48 which supports the correct positioning of component 12c.

[0080] Fig. 7shows schematically a cross section through the target X-ray tube 37 I<, wherein the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< is now inserted into the second sacrificial area 42 I< and the second functional area 39 of the target X-ray tube 37 I< and rests on the stop 48, corresponding to the situation after step c) of the method.

[0081] Note that in the illustrated example, a height H2 of the second sacrificial region 42 I< and a height HB of the component sacrificial region 26 are equal; the heights are each measured above a straight line HG that lies in cross-section along the surface 43 of the second functional region 39. In other words, a corresponding height difference dH is zero here. This situation is particularly favorable for a subsequent connection of the second sacrificial region 42 I< and the component sacrificial region 26. Note that in the case of larger height differences, which can be detected, for example, during an initial test arrangement of the component on the target X-ray tube 37 I<, compensatory measures can also be taken.The compensating measures are usually taken before or together with step c) (final step prior to the material-tight connection), less frequently after step c) (final step prior to the material-tight connection) (see below).

[0082] Fig. 8 shows schematically a cross section through the target X-ray tube 37 I< , with the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< , wherein in the context of step d) the second sacrificial area 42 I< of the target X-ray tube 37 I< and the component sacrificial area 26 in the example shown are connected to one another by a laser beam 70 from a laser head 71be joined by welding. The laser beam 70 is directed approximately vertically from above onto the outer ends 32, 44 of the sacrificial regions 26, 42. Typical materials for the sacrificial regions 26, 42 that are also well suited for welding are stainless steel, copper, or aluminum, with both sacrificial regions 26, 42 preferably being made of the same material.

[0083] Fig. 9shows a schematic cross-section through the target X-ray tube 37 I< and the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< after the end of step d) of the method. The outer ends 32, 44 of the second sacrificial region 42 I< and the component sacrificial region 26 are materially connected, here by a weld seam 11, whereby the component 12c is fastened to the second sacrificial region 42 I<. The outer ends 32, 44 of the second sacrificial region 42 I< and the component sacrificial region 26 have the same heights H2, HB. The heights H2, HB can each be defined as the distance of the respective outer end 32, 44 from a straight line HG, which runs tangentially to the surface 43 of the second functional region 39 adjacent to the second sacrificial region 42 I< in the cross section of the second functional region 39, the second sacrificial region 42 I< and the component 12c.

[0084] This completes the illustrated recycling cycle for component 12c. Note that further recycling cycles for component 12c can follow, with the previous target X-ray tube 37 I< becoming the starting X-ray tube for the next recycling cycle. A target X-ray tube together with a recycled component is also referred to here as an X-ray tube arrangement 49 II<.

[0085] In the recycling cycle described above, a height difference dH of zero was achieved after inserting the component into the target X-ray tube, i.e., immediately before the start of step d). This is generally only possible without further measures if the source X-ray tube and the target X-ray tube have completed an identical number of recycling cycles, which were also performed with an identical distance of sacrificial areas removed. This is achieved primarily when the source X-ray tube is the same X-ray tube as the target X-ray tube. In general, however, noticeable height differences dH are usually present.

[0086] Fig. 10 shows a cross-section through a target X-ray tube 37 II< and a component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< , similar to Fig. 7The outer end 32 of the component sacrificial region 26 has a height HB which is less than the height H2 of the outer end 44 of a second sacrificial region 42". However, the height difference dH between the component sacrificial region 26 and the second sacrificial region 42 II< is comparatively small here, and amounts to, for example, less than 300 µm, preferably dH ≤ 100 µm. In this case, further height compensation measures are typically omitted, and the material-fit connection of component 12c and target X-ray tube 37 II< is achieved with this height difference dH without any disadvantages.

[0087] Fig. 11 shows a cross-section through a target X-ray tube 37 III< and the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< . The outer end 32 of the component sacrificial region 26 again has a height HB which is less than a height H2 of the outer end 44 of a second sacrificial region 42 III< .However, the height difference dH is comparatively large here and is, for example, at least 300 µm, preferably 300 µm ≤ dH ≤ 600 µm.

[0088] If desired, step d) can also be carried out with the comparatively large height difference dH, for which particularly suitable tools and equipment are generally used, for example a laser with a widely pivotable beam direction.

[0089] Fig. 12 1 shows a cross-section through a first embodiment of an X-ray tube arrangement 49 I< with a target X-ray tube 37 III< and the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II<. The height difference dH between the component sacrificial region 26 and the second sacrificial region 42 III< is at least 300 µm, preferably 300 µm ≤ dH ≤ 600 µm. The weld seam 11 connects the outer ends 32, 44 of the sacrificial regions 26, 42 III< despite the comparatively large height difference dH.

[0090] Alternatively, it is possible according to the invention to take preparatory compensating measures in preparation for the material-locking joining of step d), which are explained below.

[0091] Fig. 13 shows a cross section through a second embodiment of an X-ray tube arrangement 49 IV< with a target X-ray tube 37 IV< and the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< . In the insertion recess 46 of the target X-ray tube 37 IV<, a lower compensating element was placed on the stop 48 in the insertion recess 46 52 The component 12c rests on the lower compensating element 52. As a result, the outer end 32 of the component sacrificial region 26 has a height HB which is equal to a height H2 of the outer end 44 of a second sacrificial region 42 IV< . This has facilitated the material-locking connection of the two outer ends 32, 44, here by a weld seam 11.

[0092] Fig. 14shows a cross-section through a third embodiment of the X-ray tube arrangement 49 V< with a target X-ray tube 37 V< and the component 12c in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< . With the former outer end 44 on a top side 66 a second victim area 42 V< is an upper compensation element 53 materially bonded, in particular vacuum-tight. The material bond 10a is achieved in particular by welding, so that a weld seam 11a is formed between the upper compensating element 53 and the second sacrificial region 42 V<. Due to the upper compensating element 53, the second sacrificial region 42 V< forms a new outer end. 51b which is higher than the previous outer end 44 of the second sacrificial region 42 V< . This allows the heights HB, H2 of the outer ends 32, 51b of the sacrificial regions 26, 42 V< to be adjusted to facilitate the material-locking connection of these outer ends 32, 51b.

[0093] In addition, in the case of a significant height difference between the component's sacrificial area and the second sacrificial area, it is possible to shorten the longer sacrificial area to the height of the shorter sacrificial area. A corresponding example illustrates Fig. 15 . A protruding end section 50 of the second sacrificial area 42 III< is removed by the milling head 69, so that the second sacrificial area 42 III< has a new outer end 51a whose height H2 approximately corresponds to the height HB of the component sacrificial region 26. This simplifies welding of the outer ends 51a, 32.

[0094] Fig. 16 shows a schematic cross-section through a target X-ray tube 37 VI< and a component 12d in the form of an X-ray window 9 III< . A second contact surface 54 a second victim area 42 VI< and a component contact surface 55 a component sacrificial area56 are at an angle of inclination NW aligned with the joining direction FR; the angle of inclination here is approximately 20°. As a result, the second contact surface 54 and the component contact surface 55 each have the shape of a lateral surface of a truncated cone. Due to its orientation inclined relative to the joining direction FR, the second contact surface 54 forms an inherent stop. 58 for the component 12d in the form of the X-ray window 9 III<, to which the component contact surface 55 is applied. The inherent stop 58 also has a self-centering effect on the component 12d.

[0095] Fig. 17 shows a cross-section through another component 12e and an output X-ray tube 20, to which the method according to the invention can be applied. The component 12e is in the form of an anode 4a The anode 4a has a block-like anode base 4b (here made of copper), on top of which as a target8a a coating (here made of tungsten) is formed (in other designs, a copper anode base can also simultaneously provide a copper target by means of a surface, without the need for a separate coating, not shown in detail). The anode base 4b is attached to an anode holder 59 the anode 4a. The anode holder 59 is provided with an anode frame 60 the output X-ray tube 20 in a materially bonded, in particular vacuum-tight manner. In order to enable the component 12e in the form of the anode 4a to be detached from the anode frame 60 while maintaining the functionality of the anode 4a, the anode holder 59 has a component functional area 61 and into a component sacrificial area 62,which protrudes from the component functional area 61. The component functional area 61 is a portion of the anode holder 59 that is essential for the intended functionality of the anode holder 59 and, in this case, engages beneath the anode block 4b. Furthermore, the component sacrificial area 62 is a portion of the anode holder 59 that can be removed without restricting or destroying the intended functionality of the anode holder 59.

[0096] Accordingly, the anode frame 60 also has a first functional area 63 and a first sacrificial area 64, which protrudes from the first functional area. The sacrificial areas 62, 64 are connected by a weld seam 11 in order to fasten the anode holder 59 to the anode frame 60. In order to detach the anode 4a from the anode frame 60, the sacrificial areas 62, 64 can be separated according to the method according to the invention (cf. Figs. 2 - 9) in the area of ​​external parts, including the weld seam 11. The sacrificial areas 62, 64 are then separated from one another so that the anode 4a, including the anode holder 59, can be removed from the anode frame 60. The functional areas 61, 63 remain unchanged so that the anode 4a and the anode frame 60 are reusable. If necessary and / or desired, the anode 4a can be regenerated while the component 12e / the anode 4a is removed, for example by reapplying the coating to the target 8a or by reconditioning / polishing the target 8a. In some cases, the target 8a can also be regenerated by rotating or relocating the anode 4a between removal and reinstallation, so that a new part of the coating becomes the point of incidence for the electron beam, and thus effectively using a new target 8a.It should also be noted that in the case of an anode 4a as component 12e, a vacuum-tight connection is generally not required when connecting the sacrificial areas of the component and the (remaining) X-ray tube, and the sacrificial areas do not need to be closed all the way around.

[0097] In Fig. 18 is a side view of a target X-ray tube for the invention 37 VII< shown, where the target X-ray tube 37 VII< is a component 12b in the shape of a tube head 2 II< and a tube base body 5 II< Another component 12a in the form of the X-ray window 9 II< of the target X-ray tube 37 VII< is arranged in a circumferential tube head wall 13 of the tube head 2 II<. Both components 12b, 12a can be removed and reused within the scope of the invention.

[0098] The X-ray window 9 II< has a window plate 14 designed for the exit of X-ray radiation and an outwardly projecting component sacrificial region 26. The component sacrificial region 26 is connected in a vacuum-tight manner in a first sacrificial region 23 protruding from the tube head wall 13 by a weld seam (not shown in detail) at the annular outer ends of the sacrificial regions 23, 26. The first sacrificial region 23 and the component sacrificial region 26 are closed all the way around in a collar-like manner and are shaped like a cylindrical tube.

[0099] The tube head 2 II< or the component 12b has a flange 17, and the tube base body 5 II< as the (remaining) output X-ray tube 20 has a flange 18, which abut one another with annular disk-shaped flange surfaces. These flange surfaces simultaneously represent the first contact surface 65 and the component contact surface 30 (in Fig. 18only the circumferential radial outer boundary of the contact surfaces 65, 30 can be seen). The radially outwardly extending flanges form a component sacrificial region 26 and a first sacrificial region 23, each of which is directed radially outward and protrudes from associated, adjacent functional regions (not shown in detail). The connection of the component sacrificial region 26 to the first sacrificial region 23 of the flanges 17, 18 to one another is typically achieved by a radially outer, circumferential weld seam (not shown in detail). The contact surfaces 65, 30 of the flanges 17, 18 run perpendicular to the joining direction FR, in which the flanges 17, 18 and the contact surfaces 65, 30 are guided against one another.

[0100] In summary, the invention relates to a method for transferring a component (12a - 12e) from a source X-ray tube (20) into a target X-ray tube (37 I-VII< ), wherein the source X-ray tube has a first sacrificial region (23, 64), the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII< ) has a second sacrificial region (42 I-VI< ) and the component has a component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), wherein each sacrificial region protrudes from a surface (24, 28, 43) of a respectively associated functional region (21, 25, 39, 61, 63), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) has a component contact surface (30, 55), the first sacrificial region (23, 64) has a first contact surface (65), and the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI< ) have a second contact surface (47), wherein, as long as the component is still installed in the output X-ray tube, outer ends (31, 32) of the associated sacrificial areas are materially connected and the associated contact surfaces lie parallel to one another, with the following steps: a) removing a respective outer part (33, 34) of the first sacrificial region (23, 64) and of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), said outer part comprising the previous outer end (31, 32) of the respective sacrificial region; b) removing the component from the source X-ray tube (20); c) arranging the component on the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII< ), wherein the component contact surface (30) is placed on the second contact surface (47, 54) in parallel alignment with the second contact surface (47, 54); d) materially joining the outer end (36a) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) and the outer end (44) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI< ).

[0101] The method according to the invention allows components of X-ray tubes to be easily reused. List of reference symbols

[0102] 2 I-II< Tube head 3 Cathode housing 4, 4a Anode 4b Anode base 5 I-II< Base body 6 Hot cathode 7 Shielding 8, 8a Target 9 II-III< X-ray window 10 Material connection 11 Weld seam 12a-12e Components 13 Tube head wall 14 Window plate 15 Window frame 16 Window casing 17 Tube head flange 18 Base body flange 19 Stop 20 Output X-ray tube 21 First functional area 22 Intermediate surface of first functional area 23 First sacrificial area 24 Surface of first functional area 25 Component functional area 26 Component sacrificial area 27 Component intermediate surface 28 Surface of component functional area 29 Side wall of component 30Component contact surface 31Outer end of the first sacrificial area 32Outer end of the component sacrificial area 33Outer part of the first sacrificial area 34Outer part of the component sacrificial area 35ANew outer end of the first sacrificial area 36AFirst new outer end of the component sacrificial area 37 I-VII< Target X-ray tube 38Window frame of the target X-ray tube39Second functional area 40Outer wall of the target X-ray tube 41Second intermediate surface 42 I-VI< Second sacrificial area 43Surface of the second functional area 44Outer end of the second sacrificial area 45Inner wall of the second sacrificial area 46Introduction recess 47Second contact surface 48Stop in the introduction recess 49 I<, 49 IV<, 49 V< X-ray tube arrangement 49 II< X-ray tube arrangement (with small height difference and without compensation measures) 50End section of the second sacrificial area 51a, 51bNew outer end of the second sacrificial area 52Lower compensation element 53Upper compensation element 54Inclined second contact surface 55Inclined component contact surface 56Component sacrificial area with inclined contact surface 58Stop with inclined contact surfaces 59Anode holder 60Anode frame 61Component functional area (anode holder) 62Component sacrificial area (anode holder) 63First functional area (anode frame) 64First sacrificial area (anode frame) 65First contact area 66Top of thesecond sacrificial area 67Inlet line 68Outlet line 69Milling head 70Laser beam 71Laser head ERRemoval direction FRJoining direction HGHeight measuring line NO1Normal of the surface of the first functional area NO2Normal of the surface of the second functional area NOBNormal of the surface of the component functional area NWInclination angle of the contact surfaces SLCutting line

Claims

1. Method for transferring a component (12a - 12e) from an output X-ray tube (20) into a target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ), wherein the output X-ray tube (20) has a first functional region (21, 63) which is adjacent to a collar-shaped first sacrificial region (23, 64), wherein the collar-shaped first sacrificial region (23, 64) protrudes from a surface (24) of the first functional region (21, 63) and has an outer end (31), wherein the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) has a second functional area (39) which is connected to a collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ), wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI) protrudes from a surface (43) of the second functional region (39) and has an outer end (44), wherein the component (12a - 12e) has a component functional region (25, 61) which adjoins a collar-shaped component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) protrudes from a surface (28) of the component functional region (25, 61) and has an outer end (32), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) has a component contact surface (30, 55), the first sacrificial region (23, 64) has a first contact surface (65), and the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI) have a second contact surface (47), wherein, as long as the component (12a - 12e) is still installed in the output X-ray tube (20), the component contact surface (30, 55) runs parallel to the first contact surface (65) of the collar-shaped first sacrificial region (23) and bears against the first contact surface (65), and the outer ends (31, 32) of the first sacrificial region (23, 64) and of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are materially connected to one another, with the following steps: a) removing an outer part (33) of the first sacrificial region (23, 64), which comprises the previous outer end (31) of the first sacrificial region (23, 64), and an outer part (34) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), which comprises the previous outer end (32) of the Component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) to release the component (12a - 12e) from the first sacrificial region (23, 64), wherein a new outer end (35a) of the first sacrificial region (23,64) and a first new outer end (36a) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are created; b) removing the component (12a - 12e) from the source X-ray tube (20); c) arranging the component (12a - 12e) on the target X-ray tube (37, I-VII ), wherein the component contact surface (30) is applied to the second contact surface (47, 54), and wherein the component contact surface (30) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) is parallel to the second contact surface (47, 54) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) extends; d) materially connecting the outer end (36a) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) and the outer end (44) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ), whereby at the beginning of step d) the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) have approximately the same heights, wherein the approximately equal heights are achieved at the beginning of step d) by a preceding compensating measure.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a compensatory measure to reduce a height difference existing at the beginning of step d) between the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) in a step c'), which takes place before or together with step c) and before step d), a lower compensating element (52) on the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) in the area of ​​the second victim area (42 I-VI ) is arranged, and this is carried out in step c) at the target X-ray tube (37 I-VI ) arranged component (12a - 12e) after step c) rests on the lower compensating element (52), in particular wherein the lower compensating element (52) is placed against a stop (19, 48, 58) which the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ), preferably in the area of ​​the second victim area (42 I-VI ).

3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in thatas a compensatory measure to reduce a height difference existing at the beginning of step d) between the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) in a step c"), which takes place before or after step c) and before step d), an upper compensating element (53) with the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) or the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) on the upper side (66) of which is materially connected, in particular vacuum-tight, so that the affected sacrificial area (26, 56, 62, 42 I-VI ) then forms a new outer end (51a, 51b) which has a greater height than the previous outer end (32, 44).

4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a compensatory measure to reduce a height difference existing at the beginning of step d) between the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI) and component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) in a step c‴) which takes place before or after step c) and before step d), an end section (50) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and / or the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) is removed, so that the affected sacrificial area (26, 56, 62, 42 I-VI ) then forms a new outer end (51a, 51b) which has a lower height than the previous outer end (32, 44).

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a height difference dH of the heights of the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and component sacrificial area (26, 56) is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sacrificial area (23, 64), the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are cylindrical or frustoconical at least in the region of the first contact surface (65), the second contact surface (47, 54) and the component contact surface (30, 55).

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that an inner wall (45) of the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) defines an insertion recess (46) into which the component (12a - 12e) is inserted in step c), wherein a side wall (29) of the component (12a - 12e) forms the component contact surface (30, 55) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), the inner wall (45) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) forms the second contact surface (47), and wherein the side wall (29) is parallel to the inner wall (45) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and rests against this inner wall (45).

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe second contact surface (47) runs parallel to a joining direction (FR), wherein in step c) the component contact surface (30, 55) is applied to the second contact surface (47, 54) by moving the component (12a - 12e) in the joining direction (FR).

9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second contact surface (47, 54) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) runs non-parallel to a joining direction (FR), wherein in step c) the component contact surface (30, 55) is applied to the second contact surface (47, 54) by moving the component (12a - 12e) in the joining direction (FR), in particular wherein the second contact surface (47, 54) runs perpendicular or at an angle (NW) between 60° and 120° to the joining direction (FR).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ), especially in the area of ​​the second victim area (42 I-VI), forms a stop (19, 48, 58) against which the component (12a -12e) is placed in step c).

11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the removal in step a) by milling or turning the outer parts (33, 34) of the collar-shaped sacrificial areas (26, 42 I-VI) occurs, in particular by a length of 100µm to 300µm.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as long as the component (12a - 12e) is still installed in the output X-ray tube (20), the outer ends (31, 32) of the first sacrificial region (23) and of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are connected to one another in a vacuum-tight manner, and in that in step d) a vacuum-tight connection of the outer end (32) of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) and the outer end (31) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) takes place.

13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe material-locking joining in step d) by welding the outer ends (31, 32) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), in particular by welding with a laser beam, preferably wherein a weld seam (11) resulting therefrom has a depth of 100µm to 300µm.

14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component has a tube head (2 I-II ), a tube base body (5 I-II ), a pump nozzle, an X-ray window (9 II-III ) with a window frame (15), a solid-state anode (4, 4a) and / or a target (8, 8a).

15. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the source X-ray tube (20) is the same X-ray tube as the destination X-ray tube (37 I-VII ), and in particular wherein the first sacrificial area (23, 64) is the same sacrificial area as the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ).

16. Method according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the output X-ray tube (20) and the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) are different.

17. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a height of the first sacrificial region (23, 64) and / or a height of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) before step a) is at least 1 mm, in particular 1 mm to 5 mm, and that a height of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and / or a height of the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) at the beginning of step d) is at least 0.7 mm, in particular 0.7 mm to 4.7 mm.

18. Method according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the method is carried out repeatedly with the same component (12a - 12e), wherein in each case the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) of a previous process run is the same X-ray tube as the starting X-ray tube (20) of a subsequent process run.

19. X-ray tube arrangement (49 IV ), comprising a target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) with a component (12a - 12e), wherein the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) has a second functional area (39) which is connected to a collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ), wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) protrudes from a surface (43) of the second functional region (39) and has an outer end (44), wherein the component (12a - 12e) has a component functional region (25, 61) which adjoins a collar-shaped component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) protrudes from a surface (28) of the component functional region (25, 61) and has an outer end (32), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) has a component contact surface (30, 55) and the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI) have a second contact surface (47, 54), wherein the component contact surface (30, 55) is parallel to the second contact surface (47, 54) of the collar-shaped second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) at the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and at the second contact surface (42 I-VI ), and the outer ends (32, 44) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are materially connected to one another, wherein the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) have approximately the same heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH of the heights of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm, characterized by that the component (12a - 12e) is placed on a lower compensating element (52) which is arranged in the region of the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) at the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII), in particular wherein the X-ray tube arrangement (49 IV ) was produced by a process according to claim 2.

20. X-ray tube arrangement (49 V ), comprising a target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) with a component (12a - 12e), wherein the target X-ray tube (37 I-VII ) has a second functional area (39) which is connected to a collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ), wherein the collar-shaped second sacrificial area (42 I-VI) protrudes from a surface (43) of the second functional region (39) and has an outer end (44), wherein the component (12a - 12e) has a component functional region (25, 61) which adjoins a collar-shaped component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) protrudes from a surface (28) of the component functional region (25, 61) and has an outer end (32), wherein the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) has a component contact surface (30, 55) and the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) have a second contact surface (47, 54), wherein the component contact surface (30, 55) is parallel to the second contact surface (47, 54) of the collar-shaped second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) at the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and bears against the second contact surface (47, 54), and the outer ends (32, 44) of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) are materially connected to one another, wherein the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial region (26, 56, 62) have approximately the same heights, in particular wherein a height difference dH of the heights of the second sacrificial region (42 I-VI ) and component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) is less than 300 µm, preferably with dH ≤ 100 µm, characterized by that the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) or the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) has a welded upper compensating element (53) through which the outer end (32, 44) of the affected sacrificial area (26, 42 I-VI ), in particular wherein the X-ray tube arrangement (49 V ) was produced by a process according to claim 3.

21. X-ray tube arrangement (49 I ; 49 IV ; 49 V ) according to one of claims 19 to 20, characterized in thatthe outer ends (32, 44) of the second sacrificial area (42 I-VI ) and the component sacrificial area (26, 56, 62) are connected to each other in a vacuum-tight manner.

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