Brake assembly, in particular for an electric motor, for braking a shaft
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-04
AI Technical Summary
Existing brake arrangements for electric motors are complex and lack a simple, compact design that effectively dissipates reaction torque and frictional heat, while also ensuring explosion-proof safety and easy manufacturing.
A brake arrangement with radially projecting ear regions connected to a housing part via screws, forming an annular gap that interrupts the brake's surface, allowing for efficient heat dissipation and incorporating an electrically energized coil with split windings for quick braking, along with insulated wire end sleeves for secure connections and explosion-proof sealing.
The solution provides a compact, efficient brake design that effectively dissipates torque and heat, ensures explosion-proof safety, and simplifies manufacturing by allowing easy assembly and secure electrical connections, while enabling quick braking with reduced current usage.
Smart Images
Figure EP2024056447_31102024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Brake arrangement, in particular for an electric motor, for braking a shaft
[0002] Description:
[0003] The invention relates to a brake arrangement, in particular for an electric motor, for braking a shaft.
[0004] It is generally known to provide a brake arrangement for braking a shaft, in particular the rotor shaft of an electric motor of a brake motor.
[0005] The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a simple manufacturing method for a compact brake arrangement.
[0006] According to the invention, the object is achieved in the brake arrangement according to the features specified in claim 1.
[0007] Important features of the invention in the brake arrangement are that the brake arrangement, in particular for an electric motor, is provided for braking a shaft, wherein the brake arrangement has a brake and a housing part, wherein the brake is surrounded by the housing part to form a housing, wherein ear regions projecting radially outwards and spaced from one another in the circumferential direction are formed on a braking surface part of the brake, wherein the ear regions are connected to the housing part, in particular wherein the ear regions are each screwed to the housing part with a respective screw, in particular wherein the respective screw is screwed into a threaded bore in the housing part, in particular wherein the radial direction is related to the axis of rotation of the shaft and / or the axial direction and the circumferential direction are related to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
[0008] The advantage here is that the ear areas on the braking surface protrude radially and are spaced apart from each other circumferentially. Thus, the brake's reaction torque and frictional heat are dissipated to the housing via the ear areas.
[0009] There is therefore an annular gap between the brake and the housing part, which is interrupted several times, namely by the ear areas.
[0010] In particular, the ear regions are all arranged at the same radial distance relative to the shaft's rotational axis. Thus, the ear regions each cover a circumferential angular range, with these circumferential angular ranges spaced from each other in the circumferential direction.
[0011] In an advantageous embodiment, the radial clearance area covered by the brake and / or the ear portions is encompassed by or overlaps the radial clearance area covered by the housing part. Advantageously, the ear portions can be connected to the housing part by axially directed screws.
[0012] In an advantageous embodiment, the brake has an electrically energizable coil, with connecting cables extending radially out of the brake and protruding axially into the annular gap located between the brake and the housing. This is advantageous because, during manufacturing, the brake can be inserted axially into the housing, and only then are the supply lines, which extend radially through the housing, connected to the brake's connecting cables.
[0013] In an advantageous embodiment, the connecting cables are provided with first wire end ferrules at their ends projecting into the annular gap, which are plug-connected to second wire end ferrules. This is advantageous in that the supply lines can be passed through the housing part before the brake is inserted, and the connecting lines are only connected to the supply lines afterward. In an advantageous embodiment, the second wire end ferrules are arranged at the respective ends of the respective supply lines. This is advantageous in that the first wire end ferrules can be easily connected to the second wire end ferrules by plugging them in.
[0014] In an advantageous embodiment, the supply lines extend through a cable gland, which is screwed into a threaded hole in the housing part. This is advantageous because the supply lines pass through the housing part in a sealed manner, particularly in an explosion-proof manner, by means of the cable gland.
[0015] In an advantageous embodiment, the first wire end ferrules and the second wire end ferrules are arranged in the annular gap. This has the advantage that no additional axial space is required for the wire end ferrules.
[0016] In an advantageous embodiment, the first wire end ferrules are insulated, in particular with the outer surface of the first wire end ferrules being surrounded by an insulating layer, in particular an electrically insulating material. This advantageously prevents short circuits.
[0017] In an advantageous embodiment, the coil has two partial windings electrically connected in series, with the center tap and the two outer terminals of the two partial windings being routed out as respective connecting lines, so that the number of connecting lines is three, in particular, and the number of supply lines is also three. This is advantageous in that a current can initially be built up very quickly to release the brake, with only one of the partial windings being energized, thus providing a low inductance. Subsequently, a smaller current can be used, energizing the entire coil.
[0018] In an advantageous embodiment, the first wire end ferrules are held between the housing part and the braking surface part in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner, at least in the circumferential and radial directions, and the second wire end ferrules are held between the housing part and the braking surface part in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner, at least in the circumferential and radial directions. It is advantageous that the first wire end ferrules are spaced apart from one another.
[0019] In an advantageous embodiment, the radial width of the annular gap is smaller than the largest diameter of the first and second wire end ferrules. This advantageously allows the wire end ferrules to be force-fitted between the housing part and the braking surface part.
[0020] In an advantageous embodiment, the housing part has, in particular, three radially directed recesses spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, wherein each of the recesses has a first region for receiving a respective one of the first wire end ferrules and a second region adjacent to the first region in the axial direction for receiving a respective one of the second wire end ferrules, in particular wherein the respective one of the first wire end ferrules is received in the first region and wherein the respective one of the second wire end ferrules is received in the second region, in particular wherein the first region is formed as a partial region of a lateral surface of a first cylinder with a first cylinder radius, wherein the cylinder axis of the first cylinder is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft,in particular, wherein the second region is formed as a partial region of a lateral surface of a second cylinder with a second cylinder radius of the second cylinder, wherein the cylinder axis of the second cylinder is aligned coaxially to the first cylinder axis, in particular, wherein the first cylinder radius is greater than the second cylinder radius, in particular, wherein the partial region of the lateral surface of the first cylinder extends over a circumferential angular range of less than 200° and / or wherein the partial region of the lateral surface of the second cylinder extends over a circumferential angular range of less than 200°. It is advantageous that the wire end ferrules can be easily inserted into the radial gap and can be connected both positively and non-positively. In an advantageous embodiment, the housing part has a step formed on its inner side between the first and the second region. It is advantageous,that both the first and the second wire end ferrule can be positively received and held in a well-defined position.
[0021] In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the radial width of the annular gap is larger than the largest diameter of the first and second wire end ferrules, but not more than 20 percent. This is advantageous because the wire end ferrules, including the supply and connecting cables, can be pressed into the annular gap. However, they are then loosely arranged and therefore subject to vibration.
[0022] Important features of the brake motor with electric motor and brake assembly are that the housing part is connected to the motor housing of the electric motor, so that the housing part and the motor housing enclose the brake. An advantage here is that the brake motor can be designed to be explosion-proof, as the brake is enclosed in an additional protective housing.
[0023] Further advantages emerge from the dependent claims. The invention is not limited to the combination of features in the claims. Further possible combinations of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or the figures will become apparent to those skilled in the art, particularly from the problem and / or the problem posed by comparison with the prior art.
[0024] The invention will now be explained in more detail using schematic illustrations:
[0025] Figure 1 shows a first method step for producing a brake arrangement of a brake motor according to the invention in plan view, wherein electrical connecting lines of a coil, in particular a brake coil, protrude.
[0026] Figure 2 shows a second manufacturing step, in which a cable gland 21 with supply lines is inserted.
[0027] Figure 3 shows a third manufacturing step, in which the supply lines are connected to the connecting lines.
[0028] In Figure 4, a connecting cable provided with a first wire end sleeve 4 and a supply cable provided with a second wire end sleeve 20 are shown in a first viewing direction in an oblique view.
[0029] In Figure 5, the connecting cable provided with the first wire end ferrule 4 and the supply cable provided with the second wire end ferrule 20 are shown in a second viewing direction in an oblique view.
[0030] In Figure 6, the connecting cable provided with the first wire end ferrule 4 and the supply cable provided with the second wire end ferrule 20 are shown connected to each other in a side view.
[0031] As shown in the figures, the brake assembly comprises a housing part into which a brake is mounted. Preferably, the brake assembly is mounted on an electric motor to produce an explosion-proof brake motor, or the brake assembly is mounted on another component so that the brake assembly can be operated in an explosion-proof manner.
[0032] The brake has an annular braking surface part 1 with a continuous recess, in particular an annular opening. A shaft (not shown in the figures) extends through the braking surface part. The axial direction is aligned parallel to the shaft's axis of rotation. The radial direction and the circumferential direction are related to the shaft's axis of rotation.
[0033] A shaft to be braked by the brake assembly protrudes through the recess.
[0034] A disc-shaped brake pad carrier has internal teeth, with which it is mounted on an annular carrier, so that an external toothing of the carrier engages with the internal toothing. The carrier is connected to the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, in particular by means of a keyway.
[0035] The brake pad carrier is connected to the carrier in a rotationally fixed manner and is arranged for axial displacement. The brake pad carrier has brake pads on both sides or is made entirely of brake pad material.
[0036] A ferromagnetic armature disk is arranged with a magnetic body that accommodates the coil in an annular recess in the magnetic body, in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner. Preferably, axially directed bolts protrude through the armature disk, with the bolts being connected to the magnetic body.
[0037] The magnetic body is preferably made of ferromagnetic material.
[0038] Spring elements are supported on the magnet body, which press on the armature disc.
[0039] In the axial direction, the armature disc is arranged axially between the brake pad carrier and the magnet body.
[0040] The brake pad carrier is arranged axially between the armature disc and a brake surface machined on the brake surface part.
[0041] The brake surface part, together with the magnet body, forms a housing, either directly or with an annular intermediate ring, which encloses the coil, the armature disc, the spring elements, the brake pad carrier, and the driver. To create an explosion-proof design, the brake is mounted in a housing part 3. For this purpose, the brake surface part 1 has radially outwardly projecting ear regions spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, which are screwed to the housing part 3 with a respective screw 2.
[0042] Thus, the brake as a whole is arranged inside the housing part 3, making the brake assembly explosion-proof. Furthermore, the housing-forming function of the brake is improved by the quasi-redundant housing function of the housing part, in particular, it is designed with greater safety.
[0043] The coil is designed as a ring winding whose ring axis is aligned parallel to the axial direction.
[0044] When the coil is energized, the armature disc is attracted to the magnet body against the spring force generated by the spring elements, so that the brake pad carrier has axial play between the braking surface and the armature disc.
[0045] When the coil is de-energized, the spring elements push the armature disc away from the magnet body and thus toward the brake pad carrier. The brake pad carrier is pressed by the armature disc onto the braking surface formed on the braking surface part 1. In this case, the brake is engaged and generates frictional heat, which is dissipated primarily via the braking surface part 1 to the housing part 3.
[0046] In the first manufacturing step, the brake is inserted into the housing part 3 in the axial direction.
[0047] The connecting lines of the coil, in particular the winding wire, are led out radially from the brake and protrude in the axial direction beyond the brake, in particular radially between the brake and the housing part 3.
[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the housing part 1 is open to the front axially, as long as the electric motor is not connected to the housing part or to another component. Thus, the connecting cables are accessible from the axial direction, particularly from the viewing direction of Figure 1.
[0049] The ends of the connecting cables are provided with first, in particular insulated, wire end ferrules 4.
[0050] In the second manufacturing step, a cable gland 21 is screwed into a radially continuous threaded bore of the housing part 3, wherein supply lines, which are also provided with wire end sleeves 20 at their ends, are led through the cable gland and thus through the housing part by means of the cable feedthrough.
[0051] In the third manufacturing process step, the first wire end sleeves 4 are connected to the second, in particular insulated, wire end sleeves 20 of the supply lines
[0052] A terminal box top section can be placed on the outer surface of the housing part 3 containing the through-threaded hole into which the cable gland is screwed, so that the supply lines do not lead directly into the external environment, but are electrically and mechanically connected to connection elements arranged within the terminal box thus formed. From these connection elements, further supply lines then lead into the external environment, in particular through the wall of the terminal box top section.
[0053] After mounting the electric motor to the housing part 3, the connecting cables are no longer directly accessible from the outside.
[0054] After the third manufacturing step, the wire end ferrules (4, 20) can be inserted into the narrow annular gap between the housing part 3 and the brake, so that the axial area covered by the wire end ferrules (4, 20) is encompassed by the area covered by the brake. The wire end ferrules (4, 20) are thus also mechanically protected during further assembly of the electric motor or other component. The annular gap is interrupted several times in the circumferential direction, namely by the ear regions of the braking surface part 1.
[0055] The radial width of the annular gap is larger than the largest diameter of the first and second wire end sleeves (4, 20), but not more than 20 percent.
[0056] In further embodiments according to the invention, the braking surface part 1 is designed as a bearing shield or bearing flange and therefore accommodates a bearing, in particular a rolling bearing, of the shaft.
[0057] In particular, three connecting lines lead from the coil to the supply lines because the coil is designed as a split winding. To release the brake assembly, only a first partial winding of the coil is initially energized, as the lower inductance allows for a faster current buildup. Later, the first partial winding and a second partial winding connected in series are energized, with a lower current then sufficient for continuous brake release due to the higher inductance of the two partial windings connected in series.
[0058] List of reference symbols
[0059] 1 Brake surface part 2 Screw
[0060] 3 Housing part
[0061] 4 first wire end ferrule
[0062] 5 Terminal box base
[0063] 20 second wire end ferrule 21 cable gland
Claims
Patent claims:
1. Brake arrangement, in particular for an electric motor, for braking a shaft, the brake arrangement comprising a brake and a housing part, characterized in that the brake is surrounded by the housing part to form a housing, wherein ear regions projecting radially outwards and spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, in particular ear-shaped regions, are formed on a braking surface part of the brake, wherein the ear regions are connected to the housing part, in particular wherein the ear regions are all arranged at the same radial distance relative to the axis of rotation of the shaft, in particular wherein the ear regions are each screwed to the housing part with a respective screw, in particular wherein the respective screw is screwed into a threaded bore in the housing part, in particular wherein the radial direction is related to the axis of rotation of the shaft and / or the axial direction and the circumferential direction are related to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
2. Brake arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial distance region covered by the brake and / or by the ear regions is encompassed by or overlaps the radial distance region covered by the housing part.
3. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake has an electrically energizable coil, the connecting lines are led radially out of the brake and protrude in the axial direction in an annular gap arranged between the brake and the housing part.
4. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting lines are provided at their ends projecting into the annular gap with first wire end sleeves which are plug-connected to second wire end sleeves.
5. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second wire end ferrules are arranged at the respective ends of respective supply lines.
6. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply lines protrude through a cable gland which is screwed into a threaded bore of the housing part passing through the housing part.
7. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first wire end sleeves and the second wire end sleeves are arranged in the annular gap.
8. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first wire end ferrules are insulated, in particular wherein the outer surface of the first wire end ferrules is surrounded by an insulating layer, in particular by an electrically insulating material.
9. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil has two partial windings electrically connected in series with one another, wherein the center tap and the two outer terminals of the two partial windings are led out as respective connecting lines, so that the number of connecting lines is three, in particular and the number of supply lines is also three.
10. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first wire end sleeves are held between the housing part and the braking surface part in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner at least in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction, and in that the second wire end sleeves are held between the housing part and the braking surface part in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner at least in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction.
11. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial width of the annular gap is smaller than the largest diameter of the first and second wire end sleeves.
12. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing part has, in particular, three radially directed recesses spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, wherein each of the recesses has a first region for receiving a respective one of the first wire end ferrules and a second region adjacent to the first region in the axial direction for receiving a respective one of the second wire end ferrules, in particular wherein the respective one of the first wire end ferrules is received in the first region and wherein the respective one of the second wire end ferrules is received in the second region, in particular wherein the first region is formed as a partial region of a lateral surface of a first cylinder with a first cylinder radius, wherein the cylinder axis of the first cylinder is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft,in particular, wherein the second region is formed as a partial region of a lateral surface of a second cylinder with a second cylinder radius of the second cylinder, wherein the cylinder axis of the second cylinder is aligned coaxially to the first cylinder axis, in particular, wherein the first cylinder radius is greater than the second cylinder radius, in particular, wherein the partial region of the lateral surface of the first cylinder extends over a circumferential angular range of less than 200° and / or wherein the partial region of the lateral surface of the second cylinder extends over a circumferential angular range of less than 200°.
13. Brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing part has on its inner side a step formed between the first and the second region.
14. Brake arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the radial width of the annular gap is greater than the largest diameter of the first and second wire end sleeves, but not more than 20 percent.
15. Brake motor with electric motor and brake arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing part is connected to a motor housing of the electric motor, so that the housing part encloses the brake with the motor housing.