Valve for the thermal system of a motor vehicle.

Abstract

Valve for a thermal system of a motor vehicle. Valve for a cooling system of a motor vehicle, comprising - a valve body, - a bore arranged inside the valve body, the bore defining a passage for a fluid, in a first direction, between a first orifice of the valve and a second orifice of the valve, and - a shutter capable of moving in the bore between a first position and a second position, the first position allowing the fluid to flow in the first direction without limitation of flow rate, the valve being characterized in that, when the shutter is in the second position, an arrangement made in the shutter and / or in the valve body, allows a passage of the fluid in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, and at a limited flow rate, in particular at a flow rate of less than 0.4 mL / s, or even at a flow rate of less than 0.1 mL / s. Figure for the abstract: 5

Description

Title of the invention: Valve for the thermal system of a motor vehicle.

[0001] The invention relates to a valve for a thermal system of a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a thermal management system for a motor vehicle comprising such a valve. The invention further relates to a motor vehicle equipped with such a thermal management system.

[0002] A cooling system, or thermal system, for a motor vehicle must allow different circulations of the cooling fluid so as to adapt to different conditions of use of the vehicle, for example different heating requirements of the passenger compartment, while minimizing the energy consumption of the vehicle.

[0003] To this end, - in a first set of conditions of use of the cooling system, a cooling fluid circulating in a first loop of the circuit can be isolated from a cooling fluid circulating in a second loop of the circuit, and - in a second set of conditions of use of the cooling system, the same cooling fluid can circulate freely in the first and second loops of the circuit.

[0004] Thus, in the first set of conditions of use, the cooling system of a vehicle may comprise cooling loops whose temperature is different. For example, on an electric vehicle, there may be a first loop of low-temperature cooling fluid (for example, at a temperature between 10°C and 50°C) intended for the thermal management of the battery, and a second loop of higher-temperature cooling fluid (for example, at a temperature between 65°C and 80°C) intended for the thermal management of an electric motor and electronic components (inverter, DC / DC voltage converter, etc.).

[0005] The cooling system must also be able to manage a pressure difference between the first and second loops, when these two loops are isolated from each other. In particular, in a configuration where the cooling system is equipped with a single degassing tank, an overpressure may be created in a fluid circulation loop which is not connected to the degassing tank. Indeed, the use of a single tank for several cooling loops can create significant problems. Since the temperature of each cooling loop can vary independently, the fluid in each loop can be subject to an expansion phenomenon. At that time, a loop which is not connected to a tank may be deprived of a means of absorbing expansion, resulting in an increase in pressure in the loop when the fluid expands. Similarly, contraction of the liquid volume leads to a decrease in loop pressure, with the risk of creating a cavitation phenomenon in a water pump in the loop.

[0006] The aim of the invention is to provide a valve for a cooling system which overcomes the above drawbacks and improves the valves for cooling circuits known from the prior art. In particular, the invention makes it possible to produce a valve for a cooling system which is reliable and efficient, which allows two fluid circulation loops of a cooling system to operate optimally while being isolated from each other.

[0007] For this purpose, the invention relates to a valve for a cooling system of a motor vehicle, comprising - a valve body, - a bore provided inside the valve body, the bore defining a passage for a fluid, in a first direction, between a first orifice of the valve and a second orifice of the valve, and - a shutter capable of moving in the bore between a first position and a second position, the first position allowing the fluid to flow in the first direction without flow limitation. Furthermore, when the shutter is in the second position, an arrangement made in the shutter and / or in the valve body allows the fluid to pass in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, and at a limited flow rate, in particular at a flow rate of less than 0.4 mL / s, or even at a flow rate of less than 0.1 mL / s.

[0008] In one embodiment, the valve comprises a guide means capable of ensuring, in particular during movement of the shutter in the bore, - placement of a first zone of the shutter opposite the first orifice of the valve and, - placement of a second zone of the shutter opposite the second orifice of the valve.

[0009] In one embodiment, when the shutter is in the second position, the first zone of the shutter is held in contact with a rim of the first orifice of the valve by a pressure of a fluid flowing in the second direction, or by a pressure exerted on the second zone of the shutter by a spring fitted to the valve. In addition, when the shutter is in the first position, the second zone of the shutter is held at a distance from a rim of the second orifice of the valve by the guide means.

[0010] In one embodiment, the arrangement made in the shutter and / or in the body of the valve comprises: - a channel passing through the shutter, a first end of the channel opening onto the first zone of the shutter, and a second end of the channel opening onto the second zone of the shutter, and / or - a flat surface made on a portion of the surface of the first zone, so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first zone of the shutter and the first orifice, and / or - a notch made in an area of ​​the bore bordering the first orifice, so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first area of ​​the shutter and the area of ​​the bore bordering the first orifice.

[0011] In one embodiment, the guide means is fixed to the second zone of the shutter and comprises at least two extensions delimiting a so-called reserved sub-volume of the bore into which the shutter cannot enter, in particular each extension being able to be a rigid wire in the shape of an arc of a circle, or a rigid surface.

[0012] The invention further relates to a thermal system for a vehicle comprising - a first subset of conduits forming a first circulation loop of a cooling fluid, - a second subset of conduits forming a second circulation loop of a cooling fluid, the second loop being separate from the first loop, and - a valve according to the invention. In addition, - the first orifice of the valve is connected to the second loop by a conduit, and - the second orifice of the valve is connected to the first loop by a conduit.

[0013] In one embodiment, the thermal system comprises a first set of components including - an electric motor, - a battery, - a thermal resistor, - a cooler connected to an air conditioning circuit of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, - a radiator. In addition, the battery and the electric motor are arranged in the first loop and the thermal resistance and the cooler are arranged in the second loop.

[0014] In one embodiment, the thermal system further comprises a single degassing jar connected - via conduits, to the first orifice of the valve, and - to conduits of the first loop, such that an increase in pressure in conduits of a given loop taken from the first or second loop causes a transfer of a given quantity of fluid from the given loop to the degassing tank.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the given loop is the second loop, then the given quantity of fluid circulates in the second direction in the arrangement made in the shutter and / or in the body of the valve.

[0016] The invention further relates to a motor vehicle equipped with a valve according to the invention or with a thermal system according to the invention.

[0017] The attached drawing represents, by way of example, an embodiment of a valve for a cooling system according to the invention.

[0018] [Fig.l] schematically represents a motor vehicle equipped with a thermal system comprising a valve according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0019] [Fig.2] represents a thermal system comprising a valve according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0020] [Fig. 3] represents an implementation of two independent heat transfer fluid circulation loops in a thermal system comprising a valve according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0021] [Fig.4] illustrates a first embodiment of a valve according to the invention, a shutter of the valve being in a first position.

[0022] [Fig.5] illustrates the first embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being in a second position.

[0023] [Fig.6] illustrates a second embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being in a first position.

[0024] [Fig.7] illustrates the second embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being in a second position.

[0025] [Fig.8] is a detailed view of a valve according to the second embodiment of the invention.

[0026] [Fig.9] illustrates a third embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being arranged in a first position.

[0027] [Fig. 10] illustrates the third embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being arranged in a second position.

[0028] [Fig. 11] illustrates a fourth embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being arranged in a first position.

[0029] [Fig. 12] illustrates the fourth embodiment of a valve according to the invention, the shutter of the valve being arranged in a second position.

[0030] An embodiment of a motor vehicle 100 according to the invention is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 10. The motor vehicle 100 is a vehicle automobile of any type, in particular a passenger vehicle or a utility vehicle. The motor vehicle 100 may be a thermal vehicle, an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. In the embodiment illustrated below, the motor vehicle 100 is equipped with an electric powertrain.

[0031] The motor vehicle comprises a first assembly 10 comprising components including an electric motor 11, a battery 12, a cooler 13 connected to an air conditioning system of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle 100, a thermal resistor 14, and a radiator 15.

[0032] In the remainder of the document, the term “motor 11” is used to designate the electric motor itself, as well as various components associated with the motor, and located close to the motor, such as for example current converters and a charger. In other words, the term “motor 11” encompasses a set of components dedicated to the operation of the motor 11, in particular the electric traction chain comprising one or more electric motors and inverters and / or one or more converters and / or one or more chargers.

[0033] In the remainder of the document, a thermal system 1 is defined comprising the first assembly 10. The thermal system 1 takes charge of the thermal management of the engine 11, the battery 12, the cooler 13 and the heating resistor 14, in particular by a heat exchange at the radiator 15.

[0034] In the embodiment presented below, the thermal system 1 further comprises a first pump 41 and a second pump 42 making it possible to generate a circulation of heat transfer fluid in the conduits of the second set 20.

[0035] With reference to Figures 2 and 3, a thermal system 1 is described further comprising a second assembly 20 comprising in particular conduits 22, 23, 25, 26, 27 as well as connectors 21, 24 making it possible to connect more than two conduits together. The radiator 15 is a cooling radiator of the vehicle: air passing through the radiator 15 makes it possible to cool the heat transfer liquid circulating in the conduits of the second assembly 20. The thermal system 1 further comprises a third assembly 30 comprising a four-way solenoid valve 31, and a three-way solenoid valve 32, the solenoid valves 31, 32 being connected to conduits of the second assembly 20. The thermal system 1 according to the invention further comprises a degassing jar 50.

[0036] In the remainder of the document, the term “jar” or “degassing jar” is used to name an expansion tank, also called a “feeder”. A jar of a thermal system is pressurized and is used to create sufficient pressure at the inlet of each water pump of the thermal system so as not to generate cavitation in the water pump. Indeed, if the pressure at a pump is too low, a cavitation phenomenon may appear, i.e. the appearance of bubbles of vapor in a liquid following a sudden drop in pressure. These vapor bubbles implode abruptly when the pressure increases or when they hit a wall. The implosion of bubbles in a wall area of ​​the pump creates a violent impact that can damage the pump. In addition, the bubbles created during cavitation make the fluid compressible, which reduces the pump's performance.

[0037] Advantageously, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the degassing jar 50 may be a circulating type jar, that is to say the jar 50 comprises a first inlet nozzle for the heat transfer liquid placed in its upper part, and a second outlet nozzle for the liquid placed at its lowest point.

[0038] Advantageously, the thermal system 1 comprises a valve 7 according to the invention and: - a first subset of conduits forming a first loop B1 for circulating a cooling fluid, and - a second subset of conduits forming a second loop B2 of circulation of a cooling fluid, the second loop B2 being separate from the first loop Bl, the first orifice 76 of the valve being connected to the first loop B1 by a conduit 26, and the second orifice 77 of the valve being connected to the second loop B2 by a conduit 27 of the second loop B2.

[0039] [Fig.3] represents a winter operating mode of the thermal system 1, in which, thanks to the loop Bl, the battery 12 is heated by the heat generated by the components of the electric drive train 11 and, thanks to the loop B2, the passenger compartment is heated by the heat pump 13.

[0040] In other words, to implement such a winter operating mode, the solenoid valves 31, 32 and the pumps 41, 42 are controlled so as to create a circulation of heat transfer fluid comprising - a first loop Bl for circulating heat transfer fluid with a heat transfer fluid temperature between 10°C and 50°C to heat the battery, and - a second loop B2 for circulating heat transfer fluid to heat the passenger compartment, using the calories generated by the electrical resistance 14 and the heat exchange at the cooler 13, operating in evaporator mode of the heat pump, the first and second loops being connected by means of a valve 7 according to the invention.

[0041] In the embodiment described, a connector 21 connects a conduit 22 of the second loop B2 to the conduit 23 of the first loop BL. Similarly, the connector 24 connects the conduit 26 of the second loop B2 to the conduit 25 of the first loop BL.

[0042] Without implementing the invention, depending on the power of each pump 41, 42, and the pressure losses induced by the elements of the circuit, a quantity of cooling fluid circulating in the second loop B2 could exit the second loop B2 via the conduit 23 and the connector 21, then enter the first loop B1 via the conduit 22. The mass of heat transfer fluid being necessarily conserved in each of the loops B1, B2, a quantity of heat transfer fluid from the second loop B2 could then exit via the conduit 27 to flow into the first loop B1 via the connector 24 and the conduits 26 then 25.

[0043] However, a mixture of cooling fluids at different temperatures between the two loops B1 and B2 is not desirable and can reduce the thermal performance of the thermal system 1.

[0044] In order for the two heat transfer fluid circulation loops B1, B2 to operate independently, i.e. without transfer of heat transfer fluid between the two loops, a valve 7 according to the invention is arranged between the two loops B1, B2, in particular the non-return valve 7 is arranged between - the conduit 26 itself connected to the loop Bl, upstream of the pump 42, via the connector 24 and - conduit 27 itself connected to loop B2, in particular upstream of pump 41.

[0045] The non-return valve 7 according to the invention is described below with reference to Figures 4 to 12.

[0046] The valve 7 according to the invention comprises: - a valve body 71, - a bore 72 arranged inside the valve body 71, the bore defining a passage for a fluid, in a first direction 781, between a first orifice 76 of the valve and a second orifice of the valve 77, and - a shutter 73 capable of sliding in the bore between a first position 733 and a second position 734, the first position 733 allowing the fluid to flow in the first direction 781 without flow limitation.

[0047] Furthermore, when the shutter 73 of the valve 7 is in the second position 734, an arrangement 735, 736, 722 made in the shutter and / or in the valve body allows the fluid to pass in a second direction 782, opposite to the first direction 781, and at a limited flow rate, in particular at a flow rate of less than 0.4 mL / s, or even at a flow rate of less than 0.1 mL / s.

[0048] In one embodiment, the bore 72 comprises cylindrical bore sections and conical bore sections. In the described embodiment, the bore 72 has an axis of symmetry 723.

[0049] In an advantageous embodiment, the shutter 73 may be spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. An axis of symmetry 737 of the shutter, the shutter 73 being arranged in the bore 72 so that its axis of symmetry 737 is substantially coincident with the axis of symmetry 723 of the bore 72.

[0050] In addition, the valve 7 comprises a guide means 79 capable of guaranteeing, in particular during a movement of the shutter 73 in the bore 72, - a placement of a first zone 731 of the shutter 73 opposite or in front of the first orifice 76 of the valve 7 and, - a placement of a second zone 732 of the shutter 73 opposite or in front of the second orifice 77 of the valve 7.

[0051] When the shutter is in the second position 734, the first zone 731 of the shutter 73 can be held in contact with a rim of the first orifice 76 of the valve 7 by a pressure of a fluid flowing in the second direction 782. Alternatively, the first zone 731 of the shutter 73 can be held in contact with a rim of the first orifice 76 of the valve 7 by a pressure exerted on the second zone of the shutter 73 by a spring 796 equipping the valve 7.

[0052] As a note, the spring 796 can be optional, in particular if the valve 7 is arranged vertically because gravity automatically places the shutter 71 of the valve 7 in the second position 734.

[0053] Thus, the role of the guide means is to prevent unwanted movement of the shutter 73 which would compromise the operation of the valve 7. In particular, the guide means makes it possible to guarantee good positioning of the arrangement 735, 736 made in the shutter relative to the first and / or second orifice of the valve.

[0054] In addition, the guiding means 79 has the role of keeping the shutter at a distance from the second orifice 77 of the valve 7. This distance guarantees a sufficient passage section for a heat transfer fluid moving in the first direction 781, and thus limits a loss of pressure of a heat transfer fluid passing through the valve in the first direction.

[0055] In other words, the guide means 79 divides the internal volume of the bore 72 into two sub-volumes: - a so-called free sub-volume in which the shutter 73 moves, and - a so-called reserved sub-volume 725 into which the shutter 73 cannot penetrate.

[0056] Different embodiments of the guide means 79 are described in Figures 4 to 12.

[0057] In the embodiment described, the guide means 79 is attached to the shutter, and moves with the shutter 73 during a change of position of the shutter 73. For this, the guide means 79 is preferably fixed to the shutter 73, at the level of the second zone 732 of the shutter 73, or close to the second zone 732 of the shutter 73.

[0058] The fixing points of the guide means 79 on the shutter are advantageously arranged in a plane PI perpendicular to the axis of symmetry 737 of the shutter. The plane PI is shown in Figures 4 and 6.

[0059] In one embodiment, the guide means 79 comprises at least two extensions 791, 792, 793 delimiting the so-called reserved sub-volume 725 of the bore 72 in which the shutter 73 cannot be placed.

[0060] Different embodiments of the extensions are conceivable. For example, in a first embodiment illustrated by figures 4, 5 and 9 to 12, each extension 791, 792, 793 may be a rigid wire in the shape of an arc of a circle, comprising - a first end 7911, 7921, 7931 intended to be fixed to the shutter 73, and - a second end 7912, 7922, 7932 being free and arranged so as to collaborate with a shoulder 724 of the bore 72 to define the reserved sub-volume 725.

[0061] In the first embodiment, the curvature of the extensions also makes it possible to guide the movement of the shutter 73 in the bore 72.

[0062] Alternatively, in a second embodiment shown in Figures 6 to 8, an extension 791, 792, 793 may be a rigid surface comprising - a first end 7911, 7921, 7931 intended to be fixed to the shutter 73, and - the second ends of each extension 7912, 7922, 7932 fixed together, the ends together forming the top of a pyramid. The pyramid formed by the extensions fits into the second orifice of the valve 7, so as to define the reserved sub-volume 725.

[0063] A section of the shutter 73 along the plane PI being either circular or elliptical, the extensions 791, 792, 793 are advantageously distributed uniformly along the circumference of the section of the shutter 73 by the plane PL. The uniform distribution of the extensions has the effect of promoting maintenance of the axis of symmetry 737 of the shutter substantially coincident with the axis of symmetry 723 of the bore 72.

[0064] The external diameter of the volume reserved by the extensions 791, 792, 793, is less than the internal diameter of the portion of the bore 72.

[0065] In the first embodiment of the extensions shown in Figures 4, 5 and 9 to 12, the rounded shape of the extensions 791, 792, 793 reduces the friction between the guide means 79 and the bore 72.

[0066] Whatever the embodiment, the extensions 791, 792, 793 must have a limited section to allow the passage of the heat transfer fluid, in particular in the first direction 781. The support points of the extensions against the shoulder 724 of the bore 72 or against the edges of the second orifice of the valve 7 guarantee a sufficient passage section for the heat transfer fluid by limiting the pressure drop induced by the valve 7.

[0067] The return spring 796 previously described can be placed in the reserved sub-volume 725 to force the valve to close at rest and to set up a calibrated leak in the second direction 782.

[0068] The arrangement 735, 736, 737 made in the shutter and / or in the body 71 of the valve 7 comprises - a channel 735 passing through the shutter 73, a first end of the channel 735 opening onto the first zone 731 of the shutter 73, and a second end of the channel 735 opening onto the second zone 732 of the shutter 73, and / or - a flat 736 produced on a surface portion 7311 of the first zone 731, so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first zone of the shutter 731 and the first orifice 76, and / or - a notch 722 made in a zone 721 of the bore 72 bordering the first orifice 76, so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first zone of the shutter 731 and the zone of the bore 72 bordering the first orifice 76.

[0069] The thermal system according to the invention further comprises a degassing jar 50 which is connected, - via conduits to the first orifice 76 of the valve 7, and - to conduits of the first loop B1, so that an increase in pressure in the conduits of a given loop among the first or second loop B1, B2 causes a transfer of a given quantity of fluid from the given loop B1, B2 to the jar.

[0070] Preferably, the thermal system according to the invention comprises a single degassing jar 50. Indeed, if the thermal system comprised two jars, in particular one jar per loop, this could generate a pressure imbalance. This imbalance could cause a drop in the fluid level in the jar of one loop and an increase in the fluid level in the jar of the other loop, air then being able to enter the conduits when the level of heat transfer fluid in a jar is too low.

[0071] The thermal system 1 according to the invention implements a solution avoiding this pitfall and comprising a single degassing tank connected to the first loop B1, while making it possible to manage situations in which an overpressure occurs in the loop B2, connected indirectly to the degassing tank 50, via the valve 7 according to the invention.

[0072] Indeed, when the given loop is the second loop B2, then the given quantity of fluid circulates in the second direction 782 in the arrangement made in the shutter 73 and / or in the body 71 of the valve 7.

[0073] In other words, when an overpressure occurs in the loop B2, thanks to the arrangement made in the shutter 73 and / or in the body 71 of the valve 7, a leak calibrated heat transfer fluid allows to reduce or eliminate the overpressure in loop B2. The calibrated leak also makes it possible to limit an undesirable transfer of calories from loop B2 to loop Bl.

[0074] The energy exchanged between the two loops B1, B2 is compared below with or without implementation of the invention (i.e. with or without use of a valve 7).

[0075] We consider a thermal system equipped with the invention, in which - the temperature of a heat transfer fluid circulating in loop Bl is 15°C, - the temperature of a heat transfer fluid circulating in loop B2 is 60°C, and - the given quantity of fluid circulating from loop B2 to loop B1 is equal to one deciliter, then, the leakage of liquid from loop B2 to loop Bl induces an energy loss of 16.2 kJ, which corresponds to a power loss of 15 Watts if the displacement of the given quantity takes place in 15 minutes.

[0076] If we consider a thermal system not equipped with the invention, in which - the temperature of a heat transfer fluid circulating in loop B1 is 15°C, - the temperature of a heat transfer fluid circulating in loop B2 is 60°C, and - the flow rate of heat transfer fluid from loop B2 to loop B1 is 50 liters per hour, then the power exchanged between the two circuits would be 2250 Watts, i.e. 125 times greater than with the valve according to the invention.

[0077] Finally, the valve according to the invention makes it possible to significantly limit the exchange of heat transfer fluids having a large temperature difference between two conduit loops of a thermal system. Thanks to the valve according to the invention, the exchange of heat transfer fluid between the two conduit loops can be reduced to a minimum value while avoiding a rise in pressure in loop B2, and thus avoiding deterioration of components of the thermal system, in particular when the volume of the liquid in the thermal system increases due to the effect of thermal expansion.

Claims

1.

2. Claims Thermal system (1) for vehicle comprising - a first subset of conduits forming a first loop (Bl) for circulating a cooling fluid, - a second subset of conduits forming a second loop (B2) for circulating a cooling fluid, the second loop (B2) being separate from the first loop (B1), and - a valve (7), characterized in that the valve comprises: - a valve body (71), - a bore (72) arranged inside the valve body (71), the bore defining a passage for a fluid, in a first direction (781), between a first orifice (76) of the valve (7) and a second orifice (77) of the valve (7), and - a shutter (73) capable of moving in the bore (72) between a first position (733) and a second position (734), the first position (733) allowing the fluid to flow in the first direction (781) without flow limitation, in that, when the shutter (73) is in the second position (734), an arrangement (735, 736) made in the shutter (73) and / or in the valve body (71), allows passage of the fluid in a second direction (782), opposite to the first direction (781), and at a limited flow rate, in particular at a flow rate of less than 0.4 mL / s, or even at a flow rate of less than 0.1 mL / s and in that . - the first orifice (76) of the valve is connected to the second loop (B2) by a conduit (27), and - the second orifice (77) of the valve is connected to the first loop (Bl) by a conduit (25, 26). Thermal system (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the valve comprises a guide means (79) capable of guaranteeing, in particular during a movement of the shutter (73) in the bore (72), - a placement of a first zone (731) of the shutter (73) opposite the first orifice (76) of the valve (7) and, - a placement of a second zone (732) of the shutter (73) opposite the second orifice (77) of the valve (7).

3. Thermal system (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, when the shutter is in the second position (734), the first zone (731) of the shutter (73) is held in contact with a rim of the first orifice (76) of the valve (7) by a pressure of a fluid flowing in the second direction (782), or by a pressure exerted on the second zone (732) of the shutter (73) by a spring (796) equipping the valve (7), and in that, when the shutter is in the first position (733), the second zone (732) of the shutter (73) is held at a distance from a rim of the second orifice (77) of the valve (7) by the guide means (79).

4. Thermal system (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the arrangement (735, 736) made in the shutter and / or in the body (71) of the valve (7) comprises - a channel (735) passing through the shutter (73), a first end of the channel (735) opening onto the first zone (731) of the shutter (73), and a second end of the channel (735) opening onto the second zone (732) of the shutter (73), and / or - a flat (736) made on a surface portion (7311) of the first zone (731), so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first zone of the shutter (731) and the first orifice (76), and / or - a notch (722) made in a zone of the bore (72) bordering the first orifice (76), so as to create a passage for a fluid between the first zone of the shutter (731) and the zone of the bore (72) bordering the first orifice (76).

5. Thermal system (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the guide means (79) is fixed to the second zone (732) of the shutter and comprises at least two extensions (791, 792, 793) delimiting a so-called reserved sub-volume (725) of the bore (72) into which the shutter (73) cannot enter, in particular each extension (791, 792, 793) being able to be a rigid wire in the shape of an arc of a circle, or a rigid surface.

6. Thermal system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first set of components (10) among which - an electric motor (11), - a battery (12), - a thermal resistor (14), - a cooler (13) connected to an air conditioning circuit of a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, - a radiator (15), in that the battery (12) and the electric motor (11) are arranged in the first loop (B 1) and in that the thermal resistor (14), and the cooler (13) are arranged in the second loop (B2).

7. Thermal system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a single degassing jar (50) connected - via conduits, to the first orifice (76) of the valve (7), and - to conduits of the first loop (B1), so that an increase in pressure in conduits of a given loop taken from the first or second loop (B1, B2) causes a transfer of a given quantity of fluid from the given loop (B1, B2) to the degassing jar (50).

8. Thermal system (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that, when the given loop is the second loop (B2), then the given quantity of fluid circulates in the second direction in the arrangement made in the shutter (73) and / or in the body (71) of the valve (7).

9. Motor vehicle (100) equipped with a thermal system (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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