Flame retardant solution for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires

Abstract

A flame-retardant compound for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires in particular. The water-based flame-retardant product according to the invention contains lignosulfonate of at least one metal selected from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33%. The water-based flame-retardant product according to the invention may contain soy or sunflower lecithin at a mass concentration of between 0.4% and 5%.

Description

Title of the invention: Flame retardant solution for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires Technical field of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to a flame retardant compound for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and in particular forest fires. State of the art

[0002] Flame retardant compounds for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, are wetting products or extinguishing foams or powders. They are classified into two categories: “short-term retardants” and “long-term retardants”.

[0003] Short-term retardants have the effect of increasing the viscosity of the water to increase the amount of water deposited and retained on the vegetation. These are mostly flours (guar, carob, etc.) or seaweed extracts added to the water. The doses typically spread on average garrigue or maquis vegetation are 1.5 liters of solution per square meter. The concentration of active product will be calculated to approach a viscosity of approximately 500 centipoise.

[0004] Long-term retardants are powders added to water and it is the chemical nature of the product added to the water that ensures the fire retardant function. It is no longer the water that plays the essential role in the action against fire. The water serves as a diluent and vector and the product remains effective after evaporation. These products are for example ammonium sulfate, polyphosphates, etc. The concentration of active product will be calculated to approach a viscosity of approximately 200 to 500 centipoise for spreading from land means and a viscosity of approximately 1000 to 2500 centipoise for spreading by aircraft. This concentration is often close to 10% by mass. The doses typically spread on average scrubland or maquis vegetation are 1.2 liters of solution per square meter.

[0005] Other compounds have been patented claiming a flame retardant effect:

[0006] Glycolipid compounds: WO2013015241A1 - Fire extinguishing agent and fire extinguishing method using same

[0007] Compounds containing chitosan: FR3058155A1 - New flame retardant compositions

[0008] Gum and starch compounds: RU2715174C2 - Hydrogels for fire extinguishing, intensifying action of water

[0009] Long-term flame retardant products have two major disadvantages: they are expensive and can be potentially harmful to flora and fauna. fauna of the spreading site.

[0010] Object of the invention

[0011] The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and relates to a flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, in the long term, at low cost and which does not present any significant risk to flora and fauna.

[0012] The subject of the invention is a flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, aqueous-based containing a lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33% as at least one of the active products.

[0013] According to a first development of the invention, the lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium is of organic origin and comes from the treatment of wood and the manufacture of paper pulp.

[0014] According to a second development of the invention, soy or sunflower lecithin is added at a mass concentration of between 0.4% and 5% to the aqueous-based flame retardant product containing lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium.

[0015] According to a third development of the invention, the flame retardant product solution is brought to a pH of between 6 and 8 with the addition of a base, in particular a solution of alkali or alkaline-earth metal hydroxide. The flame retardant product solution then contains alkali metal salts and salts of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium.

[0016] Description of particular embodiments

[0017] Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention given as non-limiting examples.

[0018] According to a first embodiment of the invention, the flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, aqueous-based, consists of lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33% in water, and more particularly between 10% and 25% in water. The water may be pure water or saline water of marine or oceanic origin. A basic solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is added to bring the pH of the solution to a value of between 6.5 and 7.5.

[0019] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, aqueous based, consists of lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33% in water, and more particularly between 10% and 25% in water, and soy or sunflower lecithin at a mass concentration of between 0.5% and 2%. The water may be pure water or saline water of marine or oceanic origin. A basic solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is added to bring the pH of the solution to a value of between 6.5 and 7.5.

[0020] According to a third embodiment of the invention, a flame retardant solution known from the state of the art for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, is added with lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33%. A basic solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is added to bring the pH of the solution to a value of between 6.5 and 7.5.

[0021] According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, a flame retardant solution known from the state of the art for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, is added with lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33% and soy or sunflower lecithin at a mass concentration of between 0.4% and 3%. A basic solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is added to bring the pH of the solution to a value of between 6.5 and 7.5.

[0022] Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention given as non-limiting examples.

[0023] First example

[0024] A flame retardant solution for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, is prepared by diluting a stock solution of magnesium lignosulfonate in saline water. The stock solution of magnesium lignosulfonate is derived from the process of treating wood to make paper pulp. It consists of 65% magnesium lignosulfonate in water. It has a density of 1.4 kg / liter and a pH of 2.9. The water is saline water with 35 grams of sodium chloride per liter. A suspension of calcium hydroxide better known as calcium milk of lime at a concentration of 200 grams per liter of calcium hydroxide is used to correct the pH. The solution is prepared by mixing under stirring 1000 grams of saline water, 600 grams of the magnesium lignosulfonate stock solution and 180 grams of the calcium hydroxide suspension.The final pH has a value between 7.0 and 7.5. The final solution then contains 21.9% magnesium lignosulfonate, 2.0% . calcium hydroxide and 2.0% sodium chloride.

[0025] Second example

[0026] A flame retardant solution for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular is prepared by diluting a stock solution of magnesium lignosulfonate in water. The stock solution of magnesium lignosulfonate is derived from the process of treating wood to make paper pulp. It consists of 65% magnesium lignosulfonate in water. It has a density of 1.4 kg / liter and a pH of 2.9. The water is water from the water distribution network. A sodium hydroxide solution at 300 grams per liter is used as a pH corrector.

[0027] A solution of soy lecithin at 8% by mass in water, the pH of which has been brought to 8.5 by the addition of sodium hydroxide, is used. The solution is prepared by mixing, with stirring, 1000 grams of water, 500 grams of the magnesium lignosulfonate stock solution, 80 grams of the sodium hydroxide solution and 250 grams of the lecithin solution. The final pH has a value between 7.0 and 7.5. The final solution then contains 17.8% magnesium lignosulfonate, 1.3% sodium hydroxide and 1.1% soy lecithin.

[0028] Third example

[0029] A flame retardant solution for the prevention or treatment of vegetation fires and forest fires in particular, is prepared by diluting a stock solution of calcium lignosulfonate in an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate. The stock solution of calcium lignosulfonate is derived from the process of treating wood to make paper pulp. It consists of 65% calcium lignosulfonate in water. It has a density of 1.45 kg / liter and a pH of 2.8. The aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate contains 140 grams per liter of ammonium sulfate. A sodium hydroxide solution at 300 grams per liter is used as a pH adjuster. A solution of soy lecithin at 8% by mass in water and whose pH has been brought to 8.5 by the addition of sodium hydroxide is used.The solution is prepared by mixing, under stirring, 1000 grams of aqueous ammonium sulfate solution, 160 grams of calcium lignosulfonate stock solution, 25 grams of sodium hydroxide solution, and 100 grams of lecithin solution. The final pH is between 7.0 and 7.5. The final solution then contains 11.0% ammonium sulfate, 7.8% calcium lignosulfonate, 0.6% sodium chloride, and 0.6% soy lecithin.

Claims

Claims

1. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires, characterized in that it contains lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium at a mass concentration of between 4% and 33%.

2. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires according to claim 1 characterized in that the lignosulfonate is a magnesium lignosulfonate.

3. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires according to claim 1 characterized in that the lignosulfonate is a calcium lignosulfonate.

4. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lignosulfonate of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium is of organic origin.

5. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires according to claim 4, characterized in that the lignosulfonate of organic origin of at least one metal chosen from magnesium and calcium comes from the treatment of wood in the paper pulp manufacturing process.

6. Water-based flame retardant product for the prevention or treatment of vegetation and forest fires according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it contains soy or sunflower lecithin at a mass concentration of between 0.4% and 5%.