BUILDING CONTAINING A COMPLEX OF MODULAR HOUSING UNITS

Abstract

The invention relates to a building comprising a first non-load-bearing structure (1) and a second non-load-bearing structure (2) defining a corridor (6), said set of dwellings (8) being positioned around said corridor, said building comprising a first shear wall (3) and a second shear wall (4), said set of dwellings (8) comprising a plurality of drywall partitions (7) separating said set of dwellings (8) into a plurality of dwellings (8), each dwelling (8) being accessible from said corridor (6), said building comprising two longitudinal exterior load-bearing walls (5) along the first direction (X), said exterior load-bearing walls (5) being positioned on either side of said central plane (A) at a third predetermined distance (d3) from said central plane (A). Abstract figure: Fig. 2

Description

Title of the invention: BUILDING COMPRISING A SET OF MODULAR HOUSING UNITS

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and more particularly to the structure and interior layout of these buildings.

[0002] Prior art patent application US2022049488 is known, describing a method for constructing a multi-story building. Construction is achieved by installing prefabricated wall panels extending from the building's foundation to the roof. The prefabricated wall panels have cross-bracing embedded in an insulating material. Furthermore, these prefabricated wall panels have cavities for sound attenuation. Construction is also achieved through the use of prefabricated floor panels. The building comprises exterior walls defining the building, party walls defining individual residential or commercial units, corridor walls defining a corridor, and central walls defining a stairwell, elevator shaft, or service shafts. The corridor provides access to all the residential or commercial units on a single floor.Exterior walls are load-bearing. However, some drawbacks remain. Indeed, only exterior walls are load-bearing. Thus, the arrangement of party walls cannot vary from one residential unit to another, for example. Figure 1 of US patent application 2022049488 illustrates a set of identical residential units, each consisting of only one room. It is not possible to arrange the building's space differently because the loads must be distributed evenly across the entire floor area to ensure the building's structural integrity.

[0003] The objective of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a building structure allowing the assembly of dwellings without impacting the structural resistance of the building.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the invention proposes a building arranged on a ground forming a base plane defined by a first longitudinal direction, by a second transverse direction orthogonal to the first longitudinal direction and a third vertical direction orthogonal to the first and second directions and oriented away from the ground, said building comprising at least one set of dwellings, said building having a central plan defined by the first and third directions, remarkable in that said building comprises a first non-load-bearing structure and a second non-load-bearing structure, said first non-load-bearing structure and said second non-load-bearing structure being positioned on either side of said central plane at a first predetermined distance from said central plane, said first non-load-bearing structure and said second non-load-bearing structure defining a corridor, said housing unit being positioned around said corridor, said building comprising a first shear wall and a second shear wall positioned parallel to the central plane A, said housing unit comprising a plurality of drywall partitions separating said housing unit into a plurality of housing units, each housing unit being accessible from said corridor, said first shear wall and said second shear wall being positioned on either side of said central plane at a second predetermined distance from said central plane, said first predetermined distance being less than said second predetermined distance,said building comprising two longitudinal external load-bearing walls along the first direction, said external load-bearing walls being positioned on either side of said central plane at a third predetermined distance from said central plane, said third predetermined distance being greater than the second predetermined distance.

[0005] Thanks to the invention, such a building has the capacity to include a plurality of dwellings, possibly commercial, whose rooms are modular and adjustable in terms of surface area and layout, while preserving the structural resistance of said building.

[0006] Advantageously, the first partition wall and the second partition wall have at least one embedded band.

[0007] Preferably, the first partition wall and / or the second partition wall shall have at least one opening, said embedded strip being positioned at the level of said opening.

[0008] Preferably, each embedded strip having a length less than or equal to 4 m along the first direction.

[0009] Thus, it is possible to define corridors or insert doors in the partition wall of said residential or commercial dwellings while preserving the structural resistance of the building.

[0010] Preferably, said first non-load-bearing structure and said second non-load-bearing structure comprise wood or cellular concrete.

[0011] Alternatively, said first non-load-bearing structure and said second non-load-bearing structure each comprise a double-framed partition wall.

[0012] Preferably, said first partition wall and said second partition wall comprise concrete.

[0013] Concrete is a particularly strong and incombustible material. In addition, concrete is a good sound insulator.

[0014] Preferably, the building has a height less than or equal to 28 m along the third direction.

[0015] This makes it possible to maintain a constant thickness of the load-bearing walls over the entire height of the building.

[0016] Preferably, the transverse exterior walls along the second direction are load-bearing.

[0017] Preferably, said building comprises a plurality of levels, the first shear wall, the second shear wall and the longitudinal exterior load-bearing walls each having a constant thickness at each level of said building.

[0018] The invention will be further detailed by describing non-limiting embodiments, and based on the accompanying figures illustrating variants of the invention, in which: - [Fig.1] schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view, along a plane parallel to the ground, of a building according to an embodiment of the invention; - [Fig.2] schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view, along a plane perpendicular to the ground, of the building illustrated in [Fig.1].

[0019] Figure 1 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view, parallel to the ground, of a building according to an embodiment of the invention. The building is situated on a ground surface S forming a base plane XY defined by a first longitudinal direction X, a second transverse direction Y orthogonal to the first longitudinal direction X, and a third vertical direction Z orthogonal to the first direction X and the second direction Y and oriented away from the ground surface S. In Figure 1, the building comprises a set of dwellings including units 8, the units 8 being optionally commercial. The units 8 are also possible to be residential dwellings. The building may have a single level or multiple levels. A level may be a ground floor, an upper floor, or an underground parking garage. The building has a central plane A parallel to the first direction X and the third direction Z.The building comprises a first non-load-bearing structure 1 and a second non-load-bearing structure 2. A non-load-bearing structure is a building element that primarily uses lightweight materials such as wood, light steel, or even composite materials, rather than heavier, traditional materials like concrete or masonry. The non-load-bearing structure does not contribute to the building's structural support because it does not bear any load. The first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 are positioned on either side of the central plane A at a predetermined distance. For example, the first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 may be made of wood or aerated concrete. Aerated concrete is a material composed of sand, cement, lime, and an additive. expansion and water resistance. It is a strong and insulating material, yet lightweight compared to conventional concrete. This facilitates the handling and transport of cellular concrete. Alternatively, the first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 each include a double-stud partition wall. The double-stud partition wall is an assembly of plasterboard panels with a metal frame, typically filled with insulation such as rock wool. Structural reinforcements can also be added to the double-stud partition wall to strengthen it. The first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 define a corridor 6, the corridor being a common area for all occupants of the building. In addition, the building includes a first shear wall 3 and a second shear wall 4 positioned on either side of the central plane A.The first shear wall 3 and the second shear wall 4 are parallel to the central plane A. The shear wall, also known as an interior load-bearing wall, is an essential structural element in building construction. Indeed, the shear wall is an interior wall that divides the space within the building while ensuring its structural resistance. The main role of the shear wall is to support the various floors of each story of the building, as well as its roof structure. Optionally, the first shear wall 3 and the second shear wall 4 include at least one embedded beam 9. The embedded beam 9 is a concrete beam with a thickness identical to that of a floor slab. The beam is integrated into the floor slab so that it is not visible. The purpose is to provide a solid base for distributing the load of the first shear wall 3 or the second shear wall 4 evenly onto the floor slab.Preferably, each embedded strip 9 has a length less than or equal to 4 m along the first X direction. Optionally, the first shear wall 3 and / or the second shear wall 4 have at least one opening. The embedded strip 9 is positioned at this opening. The presence of the embedded strip 9 allows the first shear wall 3 and / or the second shear wall 4 to be opened without weakening the building's structure. The opening allows for the addition of a door to access one of the rooms in one of the dwellings 8, for example. The first shear wall 3 and the second shear wall 4 are made of concrete. The building has longitudinal exterior load-bearing walls 5 along the first X direction. The building also has transverse exterior walls, or gables, along the second Y direction (not shown in [Fig. 1]). Optionally, the transverse exterior walls are also load-bearing.

[0020] Figure 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view, along a plane perpendicular to the ground, of said building comprising said housing unit 8. The first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 are each positioned at A first predetermined distance dl from said central plane A. The first shear wall 3 and the second shear wall 4 are positioned at a second predetermined distance d2. The longitudinal exterior walls 5 are positioned on either side of said central plane A at a third predetermined distance d3. In [Fig. 2], the second predetermined distance d2 is greater than the first predetermined distance dl. Furthermore, the third predetermined distance d3 is greater than both the first predetermined distance dl and the second predetermined distance d2. In [Fig. 2], the building has three levels. Indeed, the building comprises a ground floor, a first floor, and an underground parking garage. A slab separates the ground floor and the underground parking garage. This is a conventional slab, known from prior art, which does not require reinforcement. The building rests on foundations. The load transfer is ensured by the building's foundations.The building structure, which is the subject of the present invention, eliminates the need for load-bearing floors. In [Fig. 2], the first non-load-bearing structure 1 and the second non-load-bearing structure 2 do not extend into the underground parking area because they are not load-bearing. This allows for a larger usable space in the underground parking area compared to prior art. The housing unit 8 comprises a plurality of drywall partitions 7 defining a plurality of dwellings 8, which may be commercial but can also be residential, accessible from the corridor 6. Each dwelling 8 is defined by at least one of the longitudinal or transverse exterior walls. Each dwelling 8 is also defined by the first non-load-bearing structure 1, the second non-load-bearing structure 2, the first shear wall 3, or the second shear wall 4.Furthermore, it is possible for one or more dwelling units to be defined by at least one of the drywall partitions 7. The drywall partitions 7 are fixed or movable structures. There is no limitation on the number of drywall partitions 7 within the dwelling unit 8, as they are not structural to the building. The drywall partitions can be erected or removed without affecting the building's structural integrity. Non-structural partitions are present within each dwelling unit 8 to define rooms. The dwelling units 8 are predefined so that they can be easily assembled within the building. For example, the dwelling unit 8 may include a commercial space comprising a single large room and multiple dwelling units 8, each containing between one and five rooms. Preferably, the building's height along the third direction Z does not exceed 28 m.Indeed, when the building is too tall, it is necessary for the first load-bearing wall 3 and the second load-bearing wall 4 to have a significant thickness at the ground floor, and in any underground section if one exists, the thickness of the first load-bearing wall 3 and the second load-bearing wall 4 decreasing from floor to floor. However, one of them... One objective of the invention is to allow the assembly of dwellings 8 with predetermined configurations. However, if the wall thickness varies from one level to the next, the top level will have a larger surface area than the ground floor, thus preventing this assembly. Preferably, the thickness of the first load-bearing wall 3, the second load-bearing wall 4, and the longitudinal exterior load-bearing walls 5 is constant on each level of the building.

[0021] In essence, only the first shear wall 3, the second shear wall 4, the longitudinal exterior load-bearing walls, and possibly the transverse exterior walls, are load-bearing and therefore contain concrete. All other elements, in particular the drywall partitions 7 used to separate the dwellings 8 and the non-structural partitions used to define rooms within the dwellings 8, are not load-bearing. The dwellings 8 are thus adaptable and convertible. This configuration allows for a saving of concrete, for example, about one-third per level, compared to the construction of a conventional building according to prior art. In this way, the structural work time is reduced, and consequently, the construction time is also reduced. Indeed, the structural work time refers to the period required to complete the structural construction work, for example, the foundations, walls, floors, etc.The construction timeframe is the overall timeframe for building construction, from design to delivery.

Claims

1.

2. Demands Building arranged on a ground (S) forming a base plane (XY) defined by a first longitudinal direction (X), by a second transverse direction (Y) orthogonal to the first longitudinal direction (X) and a third vertical direction (Z) orthogonal to the first direction (X) and to the second direction (Y) and is oriented away from the ground (S), said building comprising at least one set of dwellings (8), said building having a central plane (A) defined by the first direction (X) and by the third direction (Z), characterized in that said building comprises a first non-load-bearing structure (1) and a second non-load-bearing structure (2), said first non-load-bearing structure (1) and said second non-load-bearing structure (2) being positioned on either side of said central plane (A) at a first predetermined distance (dl) from said central plane (A),said first non-load-bearing structure (1) and said second non-load-bearing structure (2) defining a corridor (6), said housing unit (8) being positioned around said corridor, said building comprising a first shear wall (3) and a second shear wall (4) positioned parallel to the central plane A, said housing unit (8) comprising a plurality of drywall partitions (7) separating said housing unit (8) into a plurality of housing units (8), each housing unit (8) being accessible from said corridor (6), said first shear wall (3) and said second shear wall (4) being positioned on either side of said central plane (A) at a second predetermined distance (d2) from said central plane (A), said first predetermined distance (d1) being less than said second predetermined distance (d2), said building comprising two exterior load-bearing walls (5) longitudinal along the first direction (X),said external load-bearing walls (5) being positioned on either side of said central plane (A) at a third predetermined distance (d3) from said central plane (A), said third predetermined distance (d3) being greater than the second predetermined distance (d2). Building according to claim 1 characterized in that the first shear wall (3) and the second shear wall (4) have at least one embedded strip (9).

3. Building according to claim 2 characterized in that the first shear wall (3) and / or the second shear wall (4) have at least one opening, said embedded strip (9) being positioned at the level of said opening.

4. Building according to claim 2 or 3 characterized in that each embedded strip (9) has a length less than or equal to 4 m along the first direction (X).

5. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that said first non-load-bearing structure (1) and said second non-load-bearing structure (2) comprise wood or cellular concrete.

6. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that said first non-load-bearing structure (1) and said second non-load-bearing structure (2) each comprise a double-framed partition wall.

7. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that said first shear wall (3) and said second shear wall (4) comprise concrete.

8. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the building has a height less than or equal to 28 m along the third direction (Z).

9. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the transverse exterior walls (5) along the second direction (Y) are load-bearing.

10. Building according to any one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that said building comprises a plurality of levels, the first shear wall (3), the second shear wall (4) and the external longitudinal load-bearing walls (5) each having a constant thickness at each level of said building.

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