Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit

Abstract

A decentralized heat recovery ventilator (19, figure 1) for an external wall of a building comprises an indoor module 16, a wall module 17 and an outdoor module 18. The wall module comprises an elonga

Description

10 03 25 Technical Field 5 The present invention relates to ventilation, in particular to the ventilation of residential and non-residential (commercial) premises. Most precisely, the present invention relates to decentralized heat recovery air handling units and can be used to transfer heat and energy from the flow of exhaust air extracted from the room to the flow of fresh air drawn into the room to replace the exhaust air from the room. 10 Background From the state of the art, many different technical solutions, various forms and designs, intended for natural ventilation of residential and non-residential premises, are known. 15 The impetus for the search for optimal solutions for ventilation systems was the attempt to construct the premises in such a way as to ensure maximum energy savings in the building. However, an increase in the energy-saving ratio of a building leads to a proportional decrease in indoor self-regulated climate control. In other words, in such premises, as a result of the use of central heating, the operation 20 of a large number of household appliances and other modem technological factors, significant drying and pollution of the air inside the premises occurs, thereby creating acceptable conditions for the development of allergic diseases and complications or diseases of the respiratory tract. In spring and summer, energy-saving buildings do not remove high humidity well 25 enough, complicating the natural circulation of air indoors, thereby creating favourable conditions for the development of fungi and harmful microorganisms. The above statements have long been known to mankind. Therefore, in many developed countries, medical institutions recommend frequent ventilation of the premises. In most countries, norms are put into effect, which regulate norms for constantly 30 operating air exchange systems. Most countries have enacted regulations governing full-time air exchange systems. Typically, ventilation occurs by opening windows, providing natural air circulation inside the room. However, ventilation that occurs only by opening windows creates a lot of inconvenience. In particular, due to its large area, an open window greatly cools the room in 10 03 25 winter and heats it up in summer, which ultimately results in significant power consumption to ensure acceptable and comfortable working and living conditions. That is why, the work on making-of ventilation systems takes considerable time. Patent UA No. 148372 describes a decentralized heat recovery air handling unit that 5 contains the ventilation system heat exchanger with waste heat recovery, having the form of a cylinder with multiple heat exchange segments and two covers, and the multiple heat exchange segments are arranged radially and converge at the base to form a circular through hole in the centre, while each heat exchange segment has the form of an elongated V-shaped plate, and the heat exchange segments are placed equidistantly at intervals, forming a 10 continuous corrugated space of heat exchanging sections of the cylinder, each of the covers is equipped with a guide outer ring and an inner ring of a smaller diameter, between which at intervals corresponding to the size of the space between the heat exchange segments adjacent to the covers, the external and internal distribution holes of the front and rear covers are placed, respectively, the holes being placed checkerwise relative to the inner ring of a smaller 15 diameter and the checkerboard order of the front and back covers of external and internal distribution holes is performed with one step shift. Patent UA No. 146223 describes a decentralized heat recovery air handling unit that contains recuperator with air ducts, fan and heat exchanger, connected to each other and mounted in the wall of the room, between its outer and inner surfaces, and in the opening 20 between the exterior and interior of the premise, two direct-flow concentric cylinders are installed, between which, on the outer surface of the inner cylinder, a Q-shaped in crosssection corrugation heat exchanger is secured, and on the inner surface of the cylinder, additionally, oppositely, external and internal fans are installed, the openings of the system are equipped with corresponding outer and inner covers, where the inner cover is respectively 25 equipped with an intake air grille and an internal exhaust air gap with an air splitter, the outer cover is additionally equipped with a condensed fluid drain hole, placed beyond the surface plane of the exterior wall, and an intake air grille, and the corresponding exhaust air grille. The disadvantages of closest prior art: • inappropriate technical specifications; 30 • the imperfect design of the waste heat exchanger, because when the air passes along the heat exchange surface of the corrugated heat exchanger, existing openings in the heat exchanger cavities reduce the heat exchange area; • air flows are not balanced; 10 03 25 • the power supply is located in the interior module, and as a result does not provide additional heating for the waste heat exchanger; • waste heat exchanger design produces excessive condensation and leads to possible icing; 5 • outdoor grille hood is out of door, which does not provide wind protection for the exhaust duct. Summary The present invention provides a new decentralized heat recovery air handling unit, in 10 which: • due to the cylinder placed in the intrawall module of corrugated heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange ducts positioned equidistantly, forming a continuous corrugated space of heat exchanging sections of the cylinder, which has the U-shaped in cross section and is performed not straight, but undulated or 15 of other geometric shape over the length, which provides an increased heat exchange area, and also changes the laminar flow of air movement to turbulent, thus improving the transfer of thermal energy by mixing the air in the heat exchanger cells, resulting in an increase in the heat exchange efficiency between intake and exhaust air; 20 • by placing plastic separators with aerofoil profile in the intrawall duct on both sides of the heat exchanger, which help reduce air flow resistance; reduces the amount of condensed fluid, reducing the risk of icing of the product from the inside and the appearance of ice dams outside; by reducing the amount of condensed fluid, minimizes ice coating formation on the surface of the waste 25 heat exchanger, which leaves unchanged the high efficiency and aerodynamic properties of the waste heat exchanger and improves the performance characteristics of the product as a whole; • due to the electronic display located in the interior module on the front surface of the housing at an angle, visual control of the AHU operation is improved; 30 • due to air disks mounted on both sides of the housing, and an angled plate that changes the direction of the inlet and exhaust flows that passes through the intrawall duct inside the housing, reduce air flow resistance is improved making it possible to differentiate the indoor from outdoor air; 10 03 25 • due to the polymer noise absorber placed on the interior module body, helps to reduce the noise of AHU operation; • due to outdoor grille hood design with an inclination tilt of the rear part, the AHU is protected from wind direction perpendicular to the building wall. 5 An aspect of the invention provides a decentralized heat recovery air handling unit, AHU, comprising a wall module, an interior module and an outdoor grille hood. The wall module is configured to be located through a hole through an exterior wall of a building. The wall module comprises an intrawall duct comprising a corrugated heat exchanger; a plurality of separators and two axial fans. The corrugated heat exchanger comprises multiple heat 10 exchange ducts having an undulated shape over their length and being U-shaped in cross section. The heat exchange ducts are positioned equidistantly, forming a continuous corrugated space of heat exchanging sections. The separators have an aerofoil profile. The two axial fans are located oppositely, but not coaxially, on both ends of the corrugated heat exchanger. The separators are disposed between the respective axial fan and the corrugated 15 heat exchanger at both ends of the corrugated heat exchanger. The interior module comprises a housing, an electronic display, at least one air disk, an angled plate and a polymer noise absorber. The housing comprises a front surface and sides. The electronic display is installed on the front surface. The at least one air disk is installed on the sides of the housing. The angled plate is provided inside the housing and is configured to separate and guide the inlet 20 and exhaust flows passing through the intrawall duct. The polymer noise absorber is installed on the housing. The outdoor grille hood is configured to be installed externally to the exterior wall. The outdoor grille hood comprises a distal end rear part having an inclination tilt, configured to protect the AHU from wind direction perpendicular to the exterior wall of the building. 25 The separators may contain external and internal distribution holes placed checkerwise with one step shift. The decentralized heat recovery air handling unit may further comprise an air cleaning filter mounted on the angled plate. The decentralized heat recovery air handling unit may further comprise a power 30 distribution / interconnection board mounting designed with the possibility of changing the product dimensions. The corrugated heat exchanger may further comprise two heating elements. 10 03 25 The claimed decentralized heat recovery air handling unit is different from closest prior art in the following: • the presence of a corrugated heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange ducts, undulated or of other geometric shape over the length, U-shaped in 5 cross section, positioned equidistantly, on both sides of which there are separators with an aerofoil profile, behind which fans are located oppositely; • the presence of an angled electronic display on the front surface of the interior module improves visual control of AHU operation, • the presence of air disks on the sides of the interior module housing, and an 10 angled plate inside the housing that changes the direction of the inlet and exhaust flows, passing through the intrawall duct; • the presence of a polymer noise absorber on the interior module body, • the outdoor grille hood construction, the rear part of which is additionally made with an inclination tilt at a certain angle, protecting the AHU from wind 15 direction perpendicular to the building wall. As a result of using the present invention, a decentralized heat recovery air handling unit is produced, in which: • due to the cylinder placed in the intrawall duct of corrugated heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange ducts positioned equidistantly, forming a 20 continuous corrugated space of heat exchanging sections, the heat exchanger has U-shaped in cross section and is performed not straight, but undulated in length, which provides an increased heat exchange area, and also changes the laminar flow of air movement to turbulent, thus improving the transfer of thermal energy by mixing the air in the heat exchanger cells, resulting in an 25 increase in the heat exchange efficiency between intake and exhaust air; • by placing plastic separators with aerofoil profile in the intrawall duct on both sides of the heat exchanger, helps reduce air flow resistance; reduces the amount of condensed fluid, reducing the risk of icing of the product from the inside and the appearance of ice dams outside; by reducing the amount 30 of condensed fluid, minimizes ice coating formation on the surface of the waste heat exchanger, which leaves unchanged the high efficiency and aerodynamic properties of the waste heat exchanger and improves the performance characteristics of the product as a whole; • due to the electronic display located in the interior module on the front surface of the housing at an angle, visual control of the AHU operation is improved; • due to air disks mounted on both sides of the housing and an angled plate that changes the direction of the inlet and exhaust flows that passes through the intrawall duct inside the housing, reduce air flow resistance is improved; • the polymer noise absorber placed on the interior module body helps to reduce the noise of AHU operation; • due to outdoor grille hood design with an inclination tilt of the rear part, the AHU is protected from wind direction perpendicular to the building wall. Brief Description of the drawings Fig.l - General view of the decentralized heat recovery air handling unit, where: 19 - Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit. Fig.2 - General and front views of the interior module, where: 9 ~ air disk; 12 - housing; 13 - display; 14 - front panel; 15 - front translucent display panel. Fig.3 - Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit in cross section, where: 1 - isolator; 2 - separator; 3 - board connector; 4 - power board; 5 - heat exchanger; 6 - mounting; 7 heater; 8 - fan; 16 - interior module; 17 - the interior wall module; 18 - outdoor grille hood. Fig.4 - Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit in cross section, where: 9- air disk; 10 03 25 10-filter; 11 - plate. Fig.5 - Side view of intrawall duct, where: 2 - separator; 5 5 - heat exchanger; 21 - heater. Fig.6 - Front view of intrawall duct and section along the segment, where: 20 - turbulent air. 10 Detailed description Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit (19) (hereinafter - AHU) is designed as follows. AHU (19) can be conditionally divided into three modules: 1. Interior module (16); 15 2. Interior wall module (17); 3. Exterior wall module (18). The interior module (16) consists of a housing (12), on the right and left side of which air disks are mounted (9). On one side, exhaust indoor air is taken in to be discharged outside, and on the other side, fresh, heated or cooled air is supplied (depending on the time of year). 20 Inside the housing there is an angled plate (11), which performs the function of separator and guide of the inlet and exhaust flows passing through the coaxial intrawall duct of the heat exchanger (5), on the right and left sides of the housing (12) of the interior module (16). There is an air cleaning filter (10) mounted on the plate (11). An electronic display is mounted at the bottom of the housing (13), which displays certain information on the 25 operating mode and air parameters (time, temperature and humidity of intake and exhaust air, flow rate, air quality and other information). The layout of the board's controls (4) in the product body (12) and the tilt of the display (13) provide improved visual control of the product's operation and at the same time improves performance characteristics. The power distribution / interconnection board mounting (6) is designed with the possibility of changing 30 the product dimensions. The front of the housing (12) is closed by two front panels - the main one (14) and the display panel (15), made of translucent material through which information from the display is visible (15). The polymer noise absorber (not shown) provided on the interior module (16) body (12), helps reduce noise that appears from the air 10 03 25 flow, and also reduces the risk of condensation, the occurrence of which is associated with the difference in temperature between the outdoor air and the intake air in the room. The interior wall module (17) consists of a metal corrugated heat exchanger (5) (counterflow waste heat exchanger), on both sides of which plastic separators are mounted 5 (2) with aerofoil profile to reduce air flow resistance, and two axial fans (8), located oppositely, but not coaxially, on both sides of the heat exchanger (5) The separators (2) are disposed between the respective axial fan (8) and the corrugated heat exchanger (5) at both ends of the corrugated heat exchanger. The heat exchanger (5) has U-shaped in cross section and is performed not straight, but undulated in length or other similar geometric shape along 10 the length, which provides an increased heat exchange area, and also changes the laminar air flow to turbulent (20), while improving the transfer of thermal energy by mixing the air in the heat exchanger cells. These two factors generally lead to an increase in the heat exchange efficiency between intake and exhaust air. Plastic separators (2) with aerofoil profile to reduce air flow resistance provide smooth air inlet and outlet inside the heat exchanger (5), 15 which reduces the AHU air resistance (19) as a whole and has a positive effect on reducing aerodynamic noise and power consumption. Plastic separators (2) significantly reduce the amount of condensate, reducing the risk of frosting of the product from the inside and the appearance of ice dams outside. Besides, by reducing the amount of condensed fluid, separator material (2) minimizes ice coating formation on the surface of the waste heat 20 exchanger (not shown), which leaves unchanged the high efficiency and aerodynamic properties of the waste heat exchanger (not shown), improving the performance characteristics of the product as a whole. A power supply unit (not shown) and a product controller (not shown) are installed inside the heat exchanger. The inevitable heat release from the power supply unit (not shown) and the controller (not shown) is not wasted, but 25 heats the heat exchanger and then the intake air. Air control sensor boards (temperature, humidity, CCh) are mounted on both sides of the heat exchanger (not shown) (5). All board connections (not shown) are made using connectors, with no large terminal blocks or bulky cable routes, which increases connection reliability and saves internal space for unhindered air flow. Axial fans (8), which provide air movement, are equipped with specially profiled 30 impeller blades (not shown), which reduce noise levels compared to classic impellers (not shown) and provide balanced performance characteristics of air flows. Heating elements (7, 21) are installed outside the heat exchanger (5): the one provides protection against icing of possible condensate; the other is for additional air heating at low outside temperatures. Outdoor grille hood (18) (hereinafter - Hood) provides the AHU (19) protection from precipitation and the entry of solid elements into the AHU from the street (leaves, birds, insects and other debris). The hood (18) is designed in such a way that the AHU (19) is protected from wind direction perpendicular to the building wall (not shown). At the bottom 5 of the hood (18) there is a hole for draining condensate (not shown), which under certain conditions can appear in the unit. 10 03 25

Claims

10 03 251. Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit, AHU, comprising:a wall module configured to be located through a hole through an exterior wall of a building, wherein the wall module comprises: an intrawall duct comprising a corrugated heat exchanger comprising multiple heat exchange ducts having an undulated shape over their length and being U-shaped in longitudinal cross section, wherein the heat exchange ducts are positioned equidistantly, forming a continuous corrugated space of heat exchanging segments; a plurality of separators having an aerofoil profile; and two axial fans located oppositely, but not coaxially, on both ends of the corrugated heat exchanger, wherein the separators are disposed between the respective axial fan and the corrugated heat exchanger at both ends of the corrugated heat exchanger;an interior module comprising: a housing comprising a front surface and sides; an electronic display installed on the front surface; at least one air disk installed on the sides of the housing; an angled plate inside the housing configured to separate and guide the inlet and exhaust flows passing through the intrawall duct; and a polymer noise absorber installed on the housing,an outdoor grille hood configured to be installed externally to the exterior wall, the outdoor grille hood comprising a distal end part having an inclination tilt configured to protect the AHU from wind direction perpendicular to the exterior wall of the building.

2. Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, wherein the separators contain external and internal distribution holes placed checkerwise with one step shift.

3. Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, further comprising an air cleaning filter mounted on the angled plate.

4. Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, further comprising a power distribution / interconnection board mounting designed with the possibility of changing the product dimensions.

5. Decentralized heat recovery air handling unit according to claim 1, wherein the corrugated heat exchanger further comprises two heating elements.

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