Collision prevention apparatus

Abstract

A wind extraction device (wind turbine) having a collision prevention apparatus proximate to the wind turbine’s blade 1 to prevent objects from coming into contact with the blades. The collision prevention apparatus may have a protective mesh 2 with wire strands of 5mm thickness and interstitial spaces of 10mm that occupies a parallel plane to the swept area of the turbine blades, and a solid sheet cowl 6 arranged around the turbine blades. The device may also comprise a power converter 5 that is mechanically coupled to the turbine blade.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure is directed generally to the field of wind energy extraction, and, more particularly, to protecting flying animals from collision with components of a wind energy extraction device such as, for example, turbine blades. BACKGROUND

[0002] The generation of electricity from renewable sources has become an increasingly important area of focus in recent years due to the environmental and sustainability concerns associated with traditional energy sources. Among the various types of renewable energy, wind energy has gained significant attention due to its abundant availability and potential for large-scale power generation.

[0003] Wind energy is typically harnessed through the use of wind turbines, which convert the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is then further converted into electrical energy through a power converter. The efficiency and reliability of the wind energy extraction process are crucial for the overall performance of the wind turbine system.

[0004] However, the operation of wind turbines is not without its challenges. One of the primary concerns is the potential for collisions from animals or other flying objects, in particular bats, which leads to increased fatalities. For this reason, local jurisdictions often require a bat population survey before planning permission for wind turbines is provided. If bats are found to be within a survey, the planning permission is often refused without further consideration for preventative measures that could be provided to reduce bat fatalities.

[0005] Another concern is collisions with objects that lead to damaging the wind turbine blades. Objects that collide with turbine blades can be anything from birds, bats, airborne debris, unmanned aerial vehicles (such as drones), or the like. Their impact can not only cause immediate damage but also lead to long-term wear and tear, reducing the lifespan of the turbine blades and affecting the overall performance, e.g., its efficiency, of the wind turbine system.

[0006] There are many publications, for example from “Eurobats Publication Series No.6” and another “NIEA Guidance on Bat surveys for Wind Turbine Proposals” concerned about morbidity with bats interfacing with wind-turbines. The number of publications and guidance notes shows there is a definite problem that must be addressed regarding the fatality of bats and other animals and the generation of electricity through wind harvesting devices.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a wind energy extraction device that can effectively reduce the fatality rates of bats and prevent collisions with foreign objects, thereby improving the likelihood of planning permission grants, and the reliability and lifespan of the turbine blades, enhancing the overall performance of the wind turbine system. SUMMARY

[0008] In general terms, the present disclosure is directed to a wind energy extraction device that comprises rotating turbine blades, which may in turn be coupled to a power converter, as well as a collision prevention apparatus near the blades to prevent objects from touching the blades while they are in operation. Advantageously, the invention solves the problem of preventing objects from colliding with, for example, wind turbine blades, while importantly also enhancing wind energy harvesting and furthermore enabling the placement of wind turbines in areas previously restricted due to wildlife protection laws or high likelihood of airborne debris.

[0009] According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a wind energy extraction device. The wind energy extraction device comprises at least one rotating turbine blade. Additionally, the wind energy extraction device comprises a collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade to prevent objects coming into contact with the blades in operation.

[0010] In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus comprises a protective mesh and a protective cowl arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade. In some examples, the protective cowl is mechanically coupled to the protective mesh to ensure side impacts to the rotating blades do not occur and additionally, provides better wind coupling to the rotating blades to maximise energy transfer.

[0011] In some examples, the protective mesh comprises wire strands of less than 5 mm in diameter. In some examples, the protective mesh of the wind energy extraction device comprises interstitial spaces of at least 50mm. The protective cowl of the wind energy extraction device comprises a solid sheet material.

[0012] In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus covers a swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade. In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade occupy parallel planes.

[0013] In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus is placed up-wind of the at least one rotating turbine blade.

[0014] In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated 100mm or more. In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated by 200mm.

[0015] In another approach, there is provided a method for providing a wind energy extraction device as described above. The method comprises providing a wind energy extraction device comprising at least one rotating turbine blade; providing a mechanical coupling between the wind energy extract device and a power converter; and providing a collision prevention apparatus, wherein the collision prevention apparatus is provided in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade to prevent objects coming into contact with the blades in operation.

[0016] In another approach, there is provided a system for wind extraction as described above. The system comprises a wind energy extraction device, and a power converter. The wind energy extraction device comprises at least one rotating turbine blade, which is mechanically coupled to the power converter. Additionally, the wind energy extraction device comprises a collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade to prevent objects coming into contact with the blades in operation. The system is configured to extract or generate energy in operation through the mechanical movement of the at least one rotating turbine blade which, through its coupling to the power converter, in turn generates electricity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates the buffer distance between a rotating turbine blade of a wind extraction device and nearby obstructions, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure;

[0019] FIGs. 2A-2B illustrate a wind extraction device comprising a collision prevention apparatus, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure;

[0020] FIGs. 3A-3B illustrate a wind extraction device comprising a collision prevention apparatus, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure; and

[0021] FIG. 4 is an illustrative flowchart of a process for providing a wind extraction device, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates the buffer distance between a rotating turbine blade of a wind extraction device and nearby obstructions, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. While FIGs. 1-3B are shown with a wind energy extractive device with 3 turbine blades, it should be understood that this is not intended to be limiting and a plurality of other examples are possible, such as 1 turbine blade, 4 turbine blades, etc. In addition, while it is shown that the turbine blades are substantially co-planar and this is also not intended to be limiting. For example, helical turbine blades or non-coplanar blades are also considered within the scope of this disclosure.

[0023] In the prior art techniques have been deployed to solve the above identified problem, however these techniques are often deficient. For example, large wind turbines use the blade pitch to stop rotation in air speeds below about 5 m / s when it is supposed bats are more likely to be flying. However, this has problems because some bats might be flying at higher wind velocities and shall become victims to the rotating blades. Moreover, this tactic of stopping wind turbines cannot be used generators having capacities of less than about 15 kW because there is no pitch control on these blades.

[0024] Another technique is to paint the larger blades with ultraviolet paint to help the bats to see them, but this is not very successful. Furthermore, the smaller turbines have the blades spinning much faster and thus they become a blur and not seen by the bats.

[0025] Another technique is to use “Boomboxes” to transmit high powered ultrasonic sound to frighten the bats away from large wind turbines sites. This is not environmentally friendly to the bats, and it is not very economic for small scale systems.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 1, increasing the distance from known habitat and flying corridors tries to remove bats from flying where blades might be rotating. Governmental guidance suggests a 200m buffer around woodland areas, and a recommendation that a distance of 50 m between turbine blade tip and nearest woodland of other key habitats (lakes, hedgerows); From “Bats and onshore Wind Turbines: Survey, Assessment and Mitigation” August 2021. However, this is insufficient as bats, as well as birds, occasionally fly out of supposed blade free zones, and this limits the use of wind turbines in zones near wooded or close hedge rows as the buffer zone cannot be met.

[0027] FIGs. 2A-2B illustrate a wind extraction device comprising a collision prevention apparatus, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. As described above, the present disclosure relates to a wind energy extraction device. The wind energy extraction device may comprise at least one rotating turbine blade 1. The at least one rotating turbine blade 1 may also be mechanically coupled to a power converter 5. Additionally, the wind energy extraction device further may comprise a collision prevention apparatus 2 located in the parallel plane of the rotating blade(s). The collision prevention apparatus 2 is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine bladel. The configuration of the collision prevention apparatus 2 is such that it prevents objects from coming into contact with the blade(s) while they are in operation.

[0028] In more detail, the rotating turbine blade 1 is designed to capture wind energy and convert it into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is then transferred to the power converter 5, which is responsible for transforming the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The power converter may be an electric generator, which uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate electricity. The rotating turbine blade 1 and the power converter are mechanically linked, possibly through a gearbox (not shown) that adjusts the rotational speed to optimize the power output of the system.

[0029] The rotating turbine blade 1 can be designed in various shapes and sizes, depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device. For instance, the blade could be long and slender for low rotational speeds, or shorter and wider high rotational speeds appropriate to geographic areas. The blade could also be made from various materials, such as composite materials, metals, or even wood, depending on the environmental conditions and cost considerations.

[0030] The collision prevention apparatus 2 is a safety feature of the wind energy extraction device. It is positioned near the rotating turbine blade 1 and is designed to prevent any objects from coming into contact with the blades while they are in operation. This apparatus could be a physical barrier, such as a mesh or a cage, that surrounds the blades.

[0031] In another example, the collision prevention apparatus 2 could be a combination of physical barriers and sensor-based systems. For example, the supporting post 4 could be used to mount a bespoke sensor system that could be used to detect the local species flying wildlife and switch on a local audible warning system appropriate to the known local species as a deterrent.

[0032] In an alternative example, the sensor system may be mounted on the housing of the power converter 5, or other suitable location. This dual-layered approach could provide enhanced protection for the rotating turbine blades 1, reduce the fatality rates of bats, and increase the overall safety and reliability of the wind energy extraction device.

[0033] The wind energy extraction device, as described above, further may comprise a collision prevention apparatus 2. The collision prevention apparatus of the wind energy extraction device may comprise sensory detection and audible deterrent mounted upon the mast 4. Additionally, the collision prevention apparatus of the wind energy extraction device may comprise a protective cowl 6. The protective cowl is arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade of the wind energy extraction device.

[0034] The collision prevention apparatus 2, is designed to act as a physical barrier between the rotating turbine blades 1 and any potential objects that may come into contact with them. This mesh could be constructed from a variety of materials, such as steel, aluminum, or durable plastic, depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device. The mesh could be designed with varying degrees of density, with smaller gaps between the wires for environments where smaller debris, such as leaves or small birds, are a concern, and larger gaps for environments where larger objects, such as birds of prey or drones, are more likely to be encountered.

[0035] It has been found that, in addition to the collision avoidance benefits discussed above, there is a non-obvious effect of the collision prevention apparatus 2 that improves energy harvesting by controlling turbulent air local to the rotating blade(s). Rotating blade(s) cause turbulence, which can move upstream and thus reduce energy harvesting from the wind. However, the mesh conditions the upstream wind to provide a laminar flow at the point the wind strikes the rotating blades, thereby improving the energy transfer between the wind and rotating blades.

[0036] The cowling 6 of the collision prevention apparatus 2 operates around the periphery of the rotating blade(s) and is constructed from solid sheet by contrast to the mesh of the collision prevention apparatus 2. In addition to providing mutual protection between flying animals and the blades, this cowling 6 improves the coupling efficiency between the wind and the rotating blade(s). It confines the wind to the blade(s) to improve energy transfer, rather than allowing the wind to skew off outwardly, from the centre of the axis of rotation of the blade(s), within the blade vicinity and reduce energy transfer. In some examples, it’s the cowling 6 is shaped to match the curvature of the turbine blades 1, providing a streamlined surface that reduces wind resistance and minimizes the impact on the efficiency of the wind energy extraction device. Moreover, in some examples, the cowling 6 is designed to be either a solid piece or a series of interconnected segments to provide a physical barrier between the blades 1 and any potential objects that may come into their path from a perpendicular / oblique angle. The solid sheet material can be made from a variety of materials, including but not limited to, metal, plastic, or composite materials.

[0037] In some examples, protective cowling 6 comprises an extended portion?, placed upstream to the mesh. The extended portion 7 collimates the wind before its entry into the mesh 2, which forces air into the mesh 2, improving efficiency. In this way, air is not allowed to slide past the outside perimeter of the mesh 2, and instead contributes to driving the blade(s) 1. The extended portion 7 is constructed in a similar fashion to that of the collision protection cowling 6. In addition, in some examples, the cowl 6 (and extended portion 7) are designed with a curved or aerodynamic shape to direct wind towards the turbine blades, increasing the efficiency of the wind energy extraction device.

[0038] The support structure 3 is another component of the collision prevention apparatus 2 and 6, and it is arranged around the circumference of the rotating turbine blades 1. This support structure is designed to be lightweight but mechanically robust to ensure the wind turbulence around the blade(s) does not weaken it. A possible example of construction would use tubing of either aluminum, steel, or plastic composite, for example, carbon fibre. The support structure can be attached to the turbine blade assembly using a variety of methods, including but not limited to, bolts, screws, or welding.

[0039] The protective mesh 2, on the other hand, can be a flexible structure made of a strong, lightweight material such as nylon or metal wire suitably supported. The mesh 2 can be designed with a specific pattern, such as a diamond or square pattern, to provide optimal protection while allowing wind to pass through. The size of the openings in the mesh 2 can be adjusted based on the expected size of the objects that the collision prevention apparatus is designed to protect against.

[0040] The mechanical coupling between the protective cowl 6 and the protective mesh 2 to the support structure 3 can be achieved through a variety of methods. In one embodiment, the cowl 6 can have a series of hooks or loops on its outer surface, to which the mesh 2 can be attached. The tension in the mesh 2 can be adjusted by pulling or loosening the mesh 2 on the hooks or loops. In another example, the cowl 6 and the mesh 2 can be connected using a series of springs or screw clamps, which can stretch or contract to adjust the tension in the mesh. In another example, the cowl 6 and the mesh 2 can be connected via welding, brazing, glueing or other permanent fixing.

[0041] The design and material of the cowl can be adapted to suit different environments and operational requirements, enhancing the overall performance and durability of the wind energy extraction device.

[0042] The collision prevention apparatus, in its function to cover the swept area of the rotating turbine blade, can be designed in a variety of ways to ensure optimal performance. For instance, it may be constructed as a mesh-like structure, made from a durable material such as steel or reinforced plastic. This mesh structure would allow wind to pass through, while preventing larger objects, such as birds or debris, from coming into contact with the rotating blades.

[0043] The wind energy extraction device, as described above, may comprise a collision prevention apparatus. The wind energy extraction device further may comprise at least one rotating turbine blade. The collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade are arranged in such a way that they occupy parallel planes.

[0044] In this example, the collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade are arranged in parallel planes. This arrangement ensures that the collision prevention apparatus does not interfere with the operation of the turbine blades while still providing a protective barrier against potential collisions.

[0045] To illustrate this further, consider a wind energy extraction device with a single rotating turbine blade. The swept area of this blade, when in operation, forms a circular plane. The collision prevention apparatus, in this case, could be a circular mesh or grid that is arranged in a plane parallel to the swept area of the blade. The mesh or grid 2 is positioned close enough to the blade to prevent objects from coming into contact with it, but far enough away to not interfere with the b’ade's rotation.

[0046] In another example, the wind energy extraction device could have multiple rotating turbine blades. The swept areas of these blades, when in operation, form multiple overlapping circular planes. The collision prevention apparatus, in this case, could be a series of interconnected circular meshes or grids that are arranged in planes parallel to the swept areas of the blades. These meshes or grids are positioned in such a way that they form a protective barrier around each blade, preventing objects from coming into contact with any of the blades.

[0047] In these examples, the key aspect is the substantially parallel arrangement of the collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade. This arrangement ensures that the collision prevention apparatus provides effective protection without interfering with the operation of the blades, such as air turbulence.

[0048] FIGs. 3A-3B illustrate a wind extraction device comprising a collision prevention apparatus, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. FIGs. 3A-3B show some specific dimensions of the wind energy extraction system, according to examples herein, however, it should be understood that these dimensions are for illustrative purposes only. For example, a mast of thickness 0.3m and a swept area of 5.6m is illustrative of a small to medium size wind extraction device.

[0049] The protective mesh 2, as part of the wind energy extraction device, is designed to provide a barrier between the rotating turbine blades and any potential objects that may come into contact with them. The mesh 2 is constructed with interstitial spaces, which are essentially the gaps or openings between the strands of the mesh 2, as shown in the insert of FIG. 3 A. These spaces are designed to be of a minimum dimension of at least 50mm, although it should be understood that other options are available based on the expected potential debris or bird size, for example. In addition, this dimension is not arbitrary but is carefully chosen to balance the need for airflow to the turbine blades and the prevention of objects from passing through the mesh. Moreover, in some examples, the dimension of the spaces in mesh 2 is also chosen to make the footprint of the blade(s) of the turbine visible to, for example, bats who use echolocation to detect objects.

[0050] In a specific example, the mesh could be designed with a hexagonal pattern, with each hexagon having a diameter of approximately 10 cm. This size would allow for the passage of wind while preventing the entry of larger objects. The mesh could be attached to the turbine structure using a series of brackets and bolts or welded / brazed / glued, ensuring a secure fit that can withstand high wind speeds.

[0051] For instance, in a specific embodiment, the protective mesh may be constructed from a durable material such as steel or a high-strength polymer. The mesh may be formed into a cylindrical shape that encases the rotating turbine blades. The interstitial spaces may be squareshaped, each side measuring 50mm. This would allow sufficient airflow to the turbine blades while preventing larger objects such as birds or debris from coming into contact with the blades.

[0052] In a specific example, the mesh could be designed with a hexagonal pattern, with each hexagon having a diameter of approximately 10 cm. This size would allow for the passage of wind while preventing the entry of larger objects. The mesh could be attached to the turbine structure using a series of brackets and bolts or welded / brazed / glued, ensuring a secure fit that can withstand high wind speeds. In some examples, the protective mesh 2 of the wind energy extraction device further may comprise interstitial spaces. These interstitial spaces are characterized by a minimum dimension of at least 50mm.

[0053] In another example, the interstitial spaces may be square or circular in shape, with a size or diameter of 50mm. This could potentially allow for a more uniform distribution of wind flow to the turbine blades. The shape of the interstitial spaces can be varied depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device.

[0054] In yet another embodiment, the protective mesh may be designed with interstitial spaces of varying dimensions. For example, the spaces closer to the center of the mesh may be smaller, say 30mm, to prevent smaller objects from reaching the turbine blades. The spaces towards the outer edges of the mesh may be larger, say 70mm, to allow for more airflow to the turbine blades. This design could potentially optimize the performance of the wind energy extraction device by ensuring maximum airflow to the blades while minimizing the risk of collision with objects, and improved visibility to bats through echolocation.

[0055] In some other examples, the protective mesh could also be replaced with a solid protective casing with strategically placed openings acting as the interstitial spaces. These openings could be designed with the same minimum dimension of 50mm. This design could potentially offer more protection to the turbine blades, especially in harsh weather conditions.

[0056] For instance, in a practical application, the protective mesh 2 could be made from a durable material such as stainless steel or a high-strength polymer. The mesh 2 could be woven in a diamond or square pattern, with each individual opening being less than 10 mm in size. This would effectively prevent objects such as small rocks, birds, or even large insects from coming into contact with the rotating blades, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the blades and potential interruptions to the energy extraction process.

[0057] Furthermore, the mast 4, protective mesh 2 or casing could be equipped with sensors that detect the presence of objects in close proximity. Upon detection of an object, the wind energy extraction device could be programmed to slow down or stop the rotation of the turbine blades, further reducing the risk of collision.

[0058] In some examples, the protective mesh 2 comprises a wire mesh, wherein the wire mesh of the protective mesh 2 is less than 10 mm in size. The wire mesh, being less than 10 mm in size, is designed to be small enough to prevent even the smallest of debris from passing through, while still allowing for the free flow of wind to reach the turbine blades. It should be understood that other examples of wire mesh sizes are possible, and are considered within the scope of this disclosure. For example, the wire strand forming the mesh may be between 1mm and 20mm in diameter.

[0059] In another embodiment, the protective mesh 2 could be made from a flexible material, such as a high-strength fabric or a flexible polymer. This would allow the mesh 2 to flex and absorb the impact of larger objects, such as birds or debris, thereby reducing the risk of damage to both the mesh and the turbine blades.

[0060] In another embodiment, the protective mesh 2 could be made from a stamped sheet of material, such as a flexible sheet metal. This would allow the mesh 2 to be manufactured in a fast fashion, while still retaining the flexing and absorbing benefits described above.

[0061] In yet another embodiment, the protective mesh 2 could be designed with a series of overlapping layers. Each layer comprises a wire mesh of 2 mm in size, with interstitial spaces of 50 mm, with the layers could be arranged in such a way that they create an effective interstitial space of 25 mm for the wind to pass through. This would further increase the effectiveness of the mesh in preventing objects from coming into contact with the turbine blades, while still allowing for the free flow of wind.

[0062] In a specific worked example, a wind energy extraction device can have a protective cowl 6 made of reinforced plastic, shaped to conform to the contours of a three-blade turbine. The cowl 6 can be attached to the turbine assembly using bolts shown in the profile of FIG. 3B. As an alternative, the protective cowl 6 can be made of a different material, such as aluminum or carbon fiber, and the protective mesh 2 can be made of a different material, such as metal wire or polyester. The cowl 3 and the mesh 4 can be connected using a different method, such as a series of springs or screw clamps. The size of the openings in the mesh can also be adjusted based on the expected size of the objects that the collision prevention apparatus is designed to protect against.

[0063] In some examples, the placement of the collision prevention apparatus is up-wind of the rotating turbine blades. This positioning allows the apparatus to intercept any potential objects before they reach the turbine blades. The apparatus could be a physical barrier, such as a net or a grid, designed to catch or deflect objects. For instance, the apparatus could be a robust netting made from high-strength materials like Kevlar or carbon fiber, capable of withstanding high wind speeds and the impact of airborne debris.

[0064] In yet another embodiment, the collision prevention apparatus could be adjustable. This would allow the apparatus to be repositioned based on the direction of the wind, ensuring that it is always up-wind of the turbine blades; such an example is more attractive to helical turbines that do not turn into the wind, instead, the mesh can be moved into the wind either manually, automatically, or be placed cylindrically wholly around the whole wind turbine. That is to say that the adjustment mechanism could be manual, requiring human intervention, or automatic, using sensors to detect changes in wind direction and adjust the apparatus accordingly.

[0065] The wind energy extraction device, as described above, may comprise a collision prevention apparatus. The wind energy extraction device also may comprise at least one rotating turbine blade. In some examples, the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade in the wind energy extraction device are spatially separated by a distance of 100mm or more. This distance is not fixed and can be adjusted based on the size of the turbine blade, the speed at which it rotates, and the type of objects that are likely to come into contact with the blade. For instance, in a wind energy extraction device designed for use in an area with a high bird population, the distance may be increased to provide a larger buffer zone. Conversely, in an area with minimal wildlife, the distance could be reduced.

[0066] The distance between the collision prevention apparatus and the rotating turbine blade can be adjusted manually or automatically. In a manual adjustment scenario, a technician could physically adjust the distance based on the environmental conditions. In an automatic adjustment scenario, the wind energy extraction device could be equipped with sensors that detect the presence of objects near the turbine blade. When an object is detected, the device could automatically adjust the distance between the collision prevention apparatus and the turbine blade to prevent a collision.

[0067] For instance, in a scenario where the turbine blade has a larger diameter, the distance between the collision prevention apparatus and the blade might be increased to accommodate the larger blade size. This could range from 250mm to 300mm, or even more, depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device.

[0068] On the other hand, if the turbine blade is smaller, the distance between the collision prevention apparatus and the blade could be reduced. This could be anywhere from 150mm to 100mm, or even less, again depending on the specific requirements of the device.

[0069] The speed of rotation of the turbine blade could also influence the spatial separation. For a faster rotating blade, a larger distance might be necessary to ensure that objects are deflected in time before they reach the blade. Conversely, for a slower rotating blade, a smaller distance might suffice.

[0070] In some embodiments, the wind energy extraction device could include multiple collision prevention apparatuses. Each apparatus could be positioned at a different distance from the turbine blade. This would provide multiple layers of protection and further reduce the likelihood of a collision.

[0071] In addition to the spatial separation, the material of the collision prevention apparatus could also be varied. For instance, a harder material might be used for larger objects, while a softer material might be used for smaller objects. The shape of the collision prevention apparatus could also be varied, with a more rounded shape for larger objects and a more pointed shape for smaller objects.

[0072] Furthermore, the collision prevention apparatus could be equipped with sensors that detect the size and speed of incoming objects and adjust the distance and material of the collision prevention apparatus accordingly. This could be achieved through a combination of radar, lidar, and ultrasonic sensors, among others.

[0073] Although the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments as set forth above, it should be understood that these embodiments and examples are illustrative only and that the claims are not necessarily limited to those examples. Those skilled in the art will be able to make modifications and alternatives in view of the disclosure which are contemplated as falling within the scope of the appended claims. Each feature disclosed or illustrated in the present specification may be incorporated in the invention, whether alone or in any appropriate combination with any other feature disclosed or illustrated herein.

[0074] FIG. 4 is an illustrative flowchart of a process for providing a wind extraction device, in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. Process 400 begins at step 402. At step 402, at least one rotating turbine blade is provided. At step 404, a collisions prevention apparatus is provided in close proximity to the, at least one rotating turbine blade. At step 406, a power converter is provided. At step 408, the power converter is mechanically coupled to the, at least one rotating turbine blade.

[0075] In addition to the protective mesh 2 and cowling 6, the collision prevention apparatus 2 could also include a series of sensors. These sensors could be used to detect the presence of objects in the vicinity of the wind energy extraction device, and could trigger an automatic shutdown of the turbine blades if a collision is deemed likely. The sensors could use a variety of detection methods, such as infrared, ultrasonic, or radar, depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device.

[0076] Furthermore, the collision prevention apparatus could also include a warning system. This system could use visual or auditory signals to alert nearby wildlife or unmanned aerial vehicles of the presence of the wind energy extraction device, encouraging them to steer clear of the rotating turbine blades. The warning system could use a variety of signal types, such as flashing lights, high-frequency sound waves, or radio signals, depending on the specific requirements of the wind energy extraction device.

[0077] The systems and processes discussed above are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. One skilled in the art would appreciate that the actions of the processes discussed herein may be omitted, modified, combined, and / or rearranged, and any additional actions may be performed without departing from the scope of the invention. More generally, the above disclosure is meant to be exemplary and not limiting. Only the claims that follow are meant to set bounds as to what the present disclosure includes. Furthermore, it should be noted that the features and limitations described in any one embodiment may be applied to any other embodiment herein, and flowcharts or examples relating to one embodiment may be combined with any other embodiment appropriately, done in different orders, or done in parallel. In addition, the systems and methods described herein may be performed in real-time. It should also be noted that the systems and / or methods described above may be applied to, or used in accordance with, other systems and / or methods. In this specification, the following terms may be understood given the below explanations:

[0078] All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), and / or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0079] Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

[0080] The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed. The claims should not be construed to cover merely the foregoing embodiments, but also any embodiments which fall within the scope of the claims.

[0081] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words “comprise” and “contain” and variations of them mean “including but not limited to”, and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.

[0082] All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), and / or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

[0083] The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents which are filed concurrently with or previous to this specification in connection with this application and which are open to public inspection with this specification, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference. What is claimed is: 1. A wind energy extraction device, comprising: at least one rotating turbine blade; a collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade to prevent objects coming into contact with the blades in operation. 2. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus further comprises: a protective mesh; and a protective cowl arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade. 3. The wind energy extraction device of claim 2, wherein the protective cowl and the protective mesh are held securely to a support structure around the at least one rotating blade. 4. The wind energy extraction device of claim 2, wherein the protective mesh comprises a wire strand with a diameter of less than 5 mm. 5. The wind energy extraction device of claim 2, wherein the protective mesh of the wind energy extraction device comprises interstitial spaces of at least 10 mm. 6. The wind energy extraction device of claim 2, wherein the protective cowl of the wind energy extraction device comprises a solid sheet material. 7. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus covers a swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade. 8. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade occupy parallel planes. 9. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus is placed up-wind of the at least one rotating turbine blade. 10. The wmd energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated by 50mm or more. 11. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated by 200mm. 12. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, further comprising: a power converter that is mechanically coupled to the at least one rotating turbine blade. 13. A method of providing a wind energy extraction system, the method comprising: providing at least one rotating turbine blade; providing a collision prevention apparatus in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade; providing a power converter; and mechanically coupling the power converter to the at least one rotating turbine blade. 14. A system for wind energy extraction, the system comprising a wind energy extraction device and a power converter, wherein: the wind energy extraction device comprises: at least one rotating turbine blade; and a collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade; and wherein the at least one rotating turbine blade is mechanically coupled to the power converter. AMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS HAVE BEEN FILED AS FOLLOWS:

Claims

01 04 251. A wind energy extraction device, comprising:at least one rotating turbine blade;a collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade to prevent objects coming into contact with the blades in operation;wherein the collision prevention apparatus comprises:a protective mesh formed of strands having a diameter of less than 5 mm andinterstitial spaces of at least 10 mm; anda protective cowl arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade.wherein the protective cowl and the protective mesh are held securely to a support structure around the at least one rotating blade.

2. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the protective cowl of the wind energy extraction device comprises a solid sheet material.

3. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus covers a swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade.

4. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the swept area of the at least one rotating turbine blade occupy parallel planes.

5. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus is placed up-wind of the at least one rotating turbine blade.

6. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated by 50mm or more.

7. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, wherein the collision prevention apparatus and the at least one rotating turbine blade are spatially separated by 200mm.

8. The wind energy extraction device of claim 1, further comprising: a power converter that is mechanically coupled to the at least one rotating turbine blade.

9. A method of providing a wind energy extraction system, the method comprising:providing at least one rotating turbine blade;providing a collision prevention apparatus in close proximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade;providing a power converter; andmechanically coupling the power converter to the at least one rotating turbine blade,wherein the collision prevention apparatus comprises:a protective mesh formed of strands having a diameter of less than 5 mm andinterstitial spaces of at least 10 mm; anda protective cowl arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade.wherein the protective cowl and the protective mesh are held securely to a support structure around the at least one rotating blade.

10. A system for wind energy extraction, the system comprising a wind energy extraction device and a power converter, wherein:the wind energy extraction device comprises:at least one rotating turbine blade; anda collision prevention apparatus, which is configured in closeproximity to the at least one rotating turbine blade; andwherein the at least one rotating turbine blade is mechanically coupled to the power converter,wherein the collision prevention apparatus comprises:a protective mesh formed of strands having a diameter of less than 5 mm andinterstitial spaces of at least 10 mm; anda protective cowl arranged around a circumference of the at least one rotating turbine blade.wherein the protective cowl and the protective mesh are held securely to a support structure around the at least one rotating blade.LDCM