Bridge construction method

Abstract

To provide a bridge that can be efficiently constructed.SOLUTION: A bridge 1 has a ground cover block 20 that has a ground cover 22 that extends in the longitudinal direction and is integrally formed on one end of a precast concrete plate along the longitudinal direction, a slab block 30 that is arranged adjacently to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block 20, and a bridge pier block 10 that supports both ends of the ground cover block 20 facing each other in the longitudinal direction, and both ends of the slab block 30 facing each other in the longitudinal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a bridge construction method and blocks suitable for the method. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent document 1 describes the formation of ground guards integrally on both sides of the short side of a precast concrete plate where the upper part of the truss reinforcement protrudes from the concrete plate, in order to easily and efficiently join precast concrete floor plates and construct bridges.

[0003] Patent Document 2 discloses technology aimed at providing a guardrail post and a guardrail that can suppress the protrusion of the guardrail post onto the sidewalk while ensuring the construction gauge, allowing smooth passage on the sidewalk and ensuring sufficient shock absorption. In this document, the guardrail post is mainly composed of a front flange, a rear flange, and a connecting piece, and is fixed to the ground cover concrete with anchor bolts. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-252015 [Patent Document 2] JP 2020-84645 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] What is needed are structures and methods that allow for more efficient construction or manufacturing of bridges. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a method for constructing a bridge having a ground cover block with a ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction integrally formed at one end along the longitudinal direction (long side direction) of a precast concrete slab, a deck block arranged adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block, and an abutment block supporting both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block and both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the deck block. This bridge construction method includes arranging the deck block adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block, and arranging the deck block so that both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block and both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the deck block are supported by the abutment block, making it possible to install a bridge more simply and at low cost.

[0007] The ground cover blocks, deck blocks and abutment blocks may be made of concrete or may be provided as precast (prefabricated) products in a factory. Each of these ground cover blocks and abutment blocks is included in one aspect of the present invention.

[0008] Both longitudinal ends of the cover blocks and deck blocks are supported by the abutment blocks. Therefore, the cover blocks and deck blocks have the strength to form a superstructure that supports the upper part of the bridge. Therefore, the cover blocks and deck blocks may form the superstructure without using other main structural members such as steel girders. The cover blocks have a higher weight per unit length than the deck blocks because of the cover. Therefore, the width of the cover blocks may be narrower than that of the deck blocks, which reduces the capacity required for cranes and other equipment used in construction, allowing bridges to be constructed more efficiently and at lower cost.

[0009] The ground cover block may include a plurality of holes provided at regular intervals on the upper surface of the ground cover so that posts such as a guard fence can be inserted. The bridge manufacturing method may include attaching a guard fence by inserting posts of the guard fence into the plurality of holes. The bridge can be constructed more efficiently. Each of the plurality of holes may include a first hole with a bottom and a large diameter provided so that the post can be inserted, and a second hole with a small diameter extending from the bottom of the first hole to the lower surface or side surface of the ground cover block. The lower surface or side surface of the ground cover block is a portion facing an object that the bridge crosses, such as a river, and is not expected to interfere with other structures. Therefore, in the ground cover block during construction, after construction, and before construction, water can be drained from the holes for the posts through the second hole.

[0010] The ground cover block may have a drainage hole penetrating the ground cover block in the plate portion on the inside of the ground cover. The ground cover block has an L-shaped cross section due to the combination of the ground cover and the plate portion, which makes it easy to maintain strength against the deck block, and is located at the end of the road surface formed by the bridge. The lower surface of the ground cover block is the part facing the object that the bridge crosses, such as a river, and is not expected to interfere with other structures. Therefore, the drainage hole can be provided by simply penetrating the plate portion. The drainage hole may have a wider opening (larger diameter) on the lower side than the opening on the upper side. The ground cover block may have at least a part cut out so as to reach the plate portion on the inside of the ground cover. The cut out part can be used as a drainage opening.

[0011] The ground protection block may be provided with connection holes for inserting connectors for connecting to the abutment blocks so as to penetrate the inner plate portions of the ground protection block near both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction. The bridge manufacturing method may include connecting the ground protection block to the abutment blocks arranged at both ends via the connection holes. The abutment blocks arranged at both ends of the bridge can be connected to each other via the ground protection block having an L-shaped cross section and high strength, thereby providing a bridge with a more stable structure.

[0012] The abutment block may include a raised portion at one of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor part of the covering block on the inside of the covering and at one of both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the deck block. The method for manufacturing a bridge may include arranging the covering block and the deck block such that both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of each are inside the raised portions of the abutment blocks arranged at both ends. The raised portions of the abutment blocks can more stably support the covering block and the deck block.

[0013] A precast abutment block that constitutes the abutment of a bridge may have a foundation portion that supports the load of a superstructure block extending longitudinally to constitute the superstructure of the bridge, a support surface provided on a part of the upper part of the foundation portion that supports the underside of one of the two ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure block, and a rising portion that rises from the support surface and abuts on one of the end faces of both longitudinal ends of the superstructure block. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. [Diagram 2] A diagram showing the construction of the bridge shown in Figure 1. [Diagram 3] FIG. [Figure 4] Figure 3 shows the back view (a), bottom view (b) and CC cross section (c) of the ground cover block. [Diagram 5] A diagram showing the protective fence installed. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of an abutment block. [Figure 7] A diagram showing the ground cover block attached to the abutment block. [Figure 8] A diagram showing some examples of abutment blocks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] FIG. 1 shows an outline of a bridge (bridge, bridge structure) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows how to manufacture (construct) the bridge 1. The bridge 1 is a structure that crosses an obstacle such as a river 2, and includes abutment blocks 10 arranged on both sides 3 of the river 2, ground cover blocks 20 supported by the abutment blocks 10 on both sides and arranged to straddle the river 2, deck blocks 30, and a guardrail (parapet) 40 installed on the ground cover blocks 20. This bridge 1 is installed for the purpose of installing a road 4, etc., while avoiding small obstacles such as the river 2, which is approximately 10 m wide or less. The ground cover blocks 20 and deck blocks 30 constitute a superstructure (structure for the part that crosses the obstacle) 5 that supports the upper part of the bridge 1, and the abutment blocks 10 constitute a substructure 6 that supports the superstructure 5. Therefore, the ground cover blocks 20 and deck blocks 30 have a longitudinal length (X direction) of approximately 10 m, or even approximately 5 m or less, and are used as superstructure blocks 50 that are connected to the abutment blocks 10 on both banks 3.

[0016] The ground guard blocks 20 arranged on both sides (both ends) of the width direction (Y direction) of the bridge 1 are concrete blocks in which a ground guard (ground guard part) 22 extending in the longitudinal direction X is integrally formed at one end 21a along the longitudinal direction (long side direction) X of a precast concrete plate 21, and may be prefabricated (precast) and mass-produced in a factory. The ground guard block 20 has an end face 24 that is approximately L-shaped, and includes the ground guard 22 protruding upward and a plate part 23 extending horizontally inward. The bridge 1 includes the ground guard blocks 20 arranged symmetrically on both ends, and the configurations of these are almost the same except for the symmetry. Therefore, the following will be described in more detail using the ground guard block 20 on the left side of FIG. 1 as an example.

[0017] The bridge 1 includes a deck block 30 disposed adjacent to the other end 21b along the longitudinal direction X of the ground cover block 20, and an abutment block 10 supporting both ends 29a and 29b of the ground cover block 20 facing the longitudinal direction X and both ends 39a and 39b of the deck block 30 facing the longitudinal direction X. The deck block 30 is typically a PC plate precast into a flat plate shape made of concrete, and may be prefabricated (precast) and mass-produced in a factory. The top surface 31 of the deck block 30 may be flat, or may have an appropriate slope for rainwater drainage, or may have an appropriate pattern such as a lattice or tile for the purpose of anti-slip or the like.

[0018] The floor plate block 30 is precast with a length (width) W3 in the Y direction of a predetermined value in the range of about 1 to 2 m, and one or several pieces are arranged in the width direction Y according to the width of the bridge 1. For example, the width W3 of the floor plate block 30 is 1.5 m. The width W2 of the ground cover block 20 is narrower (shorter) than the width W3 of the floor plate block 30, and is set so that the lifting weight of the ground cover block 20 is the same as the weight of the floor plate block 30, or the weight difference is such that there is no need to change the selection of the crane when constructing the bridge 1. An example of the width W2 of the ground cover block 20 is 600 mm, but is not limited to this and may be about 1 m. The ground cover block 20 and the floor plate block 30, and the floor plate blocks 30 are arranged in the width direction Y, but they may be arranged so that their ends are in close contact with each other, or they may be arranged with a packing or the like between them, or they may be arranged with an appropriate gap suitable for purposes such as drainage.

[0019] The abutment blocks 10 may also be made of concrete, prefabricated (precast) in a factory, and mass-produced. The width W1 of the abutment blocks 10 may also be constant and may be such that the lifting weight does not require changing the selection of the crane when constructing the bridge 1, for example, the width W1 may be about 1 m. A plurality of the abutment blocks 10 are arranged in a row so that the width is the same as or longer than the overall width of the ground cover blocks 20 and deck blocks 30 that constitute the superstructure 5.

[0020] Fig. 3 shows the cover block 20. Fig. 4(a) shows the back surface 20a of the cover block 20, Fig. 4(b) shows the bottom surface 20b of the cover block 20, and Fig. 4(c) shows a cross section of the cover (cover portion) 22 of the cover block 20. The cover block 20 has an end surface 24 and a cross section in the width direction Y that are approximately L-shaped, and includes a plate portion 23 that extends flat with an appropriate thickness, and a cover 22 that protrudes upward from the plate portion 23. An example of the thickness of the plate portion 23 is 350 mm, and an example of the thickness of the cover 22 is 600 mm, but these dimensions are not limited to these.

[0021] The ground cover block 20 includes a plurality of holes 26 provided at regular intervals on the upper surface 22a of the ground cover 22 so as to insert the posts 41 of the protective fence 40. As shown in Fig. 4(c), each of these holes 26 includes a first hole 26a with a large diameter, for example 160φ, with a bottom, provided so that the post 41 can be inserted, and a second hole 26c with a small diameter, for example 50φ, extending from the bottom 26b of the first hole 26a to the lower surface (bottom surface) 20b of the ground cover block 29. The second hole 26c with a small diameter for drainage may be provided so as to penetrate the side surface (back surface) 20a of the ground cover block 20.

[0022] FIG. 5 shows the state in which the posts 41 of the guardrail (parapet) 40 are inserted into the holes 26 of the guardrail 22 of the guardrail block 20 and the guardrail 40 is attached to the guardrail block 22. The guardrail block 20 can have the holes 26 for the posts 41 when it is prefabricated in a factory, and the guardrail 40 can be installed at the manufacturing site (construction site) of the bridge 1 by simply inserting the posts 41 into the holes 26 for installation. This eliminates the need to drive anchors into the guardrail block 20 or fix the supports 41 with bolts or the like. After the posts 41 are inserted into the holes 26 for installation, the gap between the posts 41 and the holes 26 may be filled with mortar or the like. In addition, if the guardrail 40 can be attached to the guardrail block 20 with sufficient strength by inserting the posts 41 into the holes 26 for installation, for example, until they reach the bottom 26b, the gap between the posts 41 and the holes 26 does not need to be filled. Even if rainwater, condensation, etc. enter the installation hole 26, it is automatically drained from the drainage hole 26c, so that the support 41 can be prevented from corroding due to rust or the like. In this bridge 1, basically, other support structures that support the ground cover block 20 from the bottom surface (lower surface) 20b are not required. Therefore, since the bottom surface 20b faces the river 2 in this example, it can be easily drained by providing a hole 26c penetrating the bottom surface 20b. In the ground cover 22 of the ground cover block 20, the back surface (side surface) 20a also does not interfere with other structures and can be drained into the river 2. For this reason, the hole 26c penetrating for drainage may be provided on the back surface 20a. This drainage hole 26c functions as a drainage hole for the installation hole 26 even when the ground cover block 20 is stored outdoors or transported.

[0023] The ground cover block 20 further includes drainage holes 27 provided in the plate portion 23 on the inside of the ground cover 22 so as to penetrate the ground cover block 20. These drainage holes 27 allow rainwater and the like on the upper surface of the plate portion 23 of the ground cover block 20 and the upper surface 31 of the adjacent floor block 30 to be drained from the bottom surface 20b of the ground cover block 20 to the river 2. The drainage holes 27 may have a larger diameter (opening) on ​​the bottom surface 20b than the diameter (opening) on ​​the upper surface. This can prevent the drainage holes 27 from being clogged with garbage, gravel, and the like. The ground cover block 20 has an L-shaped cross section including the ground cover 22, and is strong compared to the floor block 30. Therefore, it is easy to maintain strength even if a structure such as the drainage holes 27 is included, which is missing a part of the cross section. Furthermore, the vicinity of the ground cover 22 of the ground cover block 20 does not interfere with the passage of vehicles, and is suitable as an area for providing the drainage holes 27 for the floor block 30 where heavy objects such as vehicles are expected to pass through.

[0024] The ground cover block 20 may further include a portion (notch) 25 where at least a part of the ground cover 22 is cut out so as to reach the inner plate portion 23 of the ground cover 22. When a large amount of rainwater occurs and the drainage holes 27 cannot drain it quickly enough, the large amount of rainwater can be drained directly into the river 2 via the notch 25. This prevents a large amount of rainwater from accumulating on the bridge 1 and obstructing traffic, and prevents a large amount of rainwater from being added to the bridge 1 as a load.

[0025] The ground cover block 20 may further include connection holes 28 provided so as to penetrate the inner plate portion 23 of the ground cover 22 near both ends 29a and 29b facing each other in the longitudinal direction X. A connector for the abutment block 10 can be inserted through the connection holes 28, and the abutment blocks 10 grounded on both banks 3 can be firmly connected to each other by the high-strength ground cover block 20. In the unlikely event that a condition occurs in which the position of the abutment block 10 is likely to shift due to an earthquake, flooding, or the like, the spacing between the abutment blocks 10 on both banks 3 can be maintained via the ground cover blocks 20 on both sides, thereby preventing the floor plate block 30 from falling.

[0026] 6 shows an example of a precast abutment block 10 that constitutes the abutment (substructure) 6 of the bridge 1. This abutment block 10 has a foundation (main body) 11 that supports the load of a superstructure block 50 extending in the longitudinal direction so as to constitute the superstructure 5 of the bridge 1, in this example, a ground cover block 20 and a deck block 30, a support surface 12 provided on a part of the upper part of the foundation 11 that supports the underside of one of both ends facing the longitudinal direction X of the superstructure block 50, and a rising portion 13 that rises from the support surface 12 and abuts on one end face of both ends in the longitudinal direction X of the superstructure block 50. In this example, the support surface 12 supports one of the ends 29a and 29b of the ground covering block 20 and the lower surface (bottom surface) of one of the ends 39a and 39b of the floor plate block 30, and the rising portion 13 abuts one of the ends 29a and 29b of the ground covering block 20 and one of the end surfaces of the ends 39a and 39b of the floor plate block 30, preventing these blocks 20 and 30 from moving in the longitudinal direction X. Anchor holes 18 may be provided on the support surface 12 of the abutment block 10 at positions facing the connection holes 28 provided in the ground covering block 20. The abutment block 10 shown in FIG. 6 is an example of a gravity type, but the abutment block 10 may be provided with an L-shaped or inverted T-shaped foundation, etc.

[0027] FIG. 7 shows the state in which the abutment block 10 is combined with the ground covering block 20. The bridge 1 can be constructed by placing the ground covering block 20 on the abutment block 10 so that the bottom surface 29c of one end 29a of the ground covering block 20 is placed on the upper support surface 12 of the base portion 11 of the abutment block 10 and the end surface 29d of the one end 29a abuts the rising portion 13. The rising portion 13 acts as a stopper, preventing the ground covering block 20 from moving in the longitudinal direction X. The deck block 30 can also be mounted on the abutment block 10 in a similar manner. A packing or the like may be placed between the abutment block 10 and the ground covering block 20 or the deck block 30.

[0028] Furthermore, anchors 19 such as rebars may be inserted through connection holes 28 provided in the ground cover blocks 20 and anchor holes 18 provided in the support surface 12 of the abutment blocks 10, and these holes 28 and 18 may be filled with mortar or the like. The anchors 19 can suppress the movement of the abutment blocks 10 on both banks relative to the ground cover blocks 20, and even in the unlikely event that the abutment blocks 10 move due to a flood, earthquake, or the like, the movement of the abutment blocks 10 can be suppressed, thereby preventing the deck blocks 30 from falling off the abutment blocks 10.

[0029] Furthermore, by designing the upper surface 13a of the rising portion 13 to be at the same height as the upper surface 23a of the plate portion 23 of the ground covering block 20 or the upper surface 31 of the deck block 30, the bridge 1 can be constructed without creating a step between the upper surfaces of the ground covering block 20 and the deck block 30 for the abutment block 10. When constructing a road 4 such as asphalt, a base without steps can be provided for this purpose.

[0030] The base portion 11 of the abutment block 10 may have a sufficient weight and a sufficient contact area so as to be stable as the foundation of the bridge 1. Thus, an example of the base portion 11 is one having a cross section of a trapezoid or a half trapezoid in which the contact surface (bottom surface) 15 in contact with the ground 9 is wider than the upper part. The shape of the base portion 11 is not limited to a trapezoid, but may be a rectangle, or may have an inverted T-shaped contact surface. Figures 8(a) to (c) show some examples of gravity-type abutment blocks 10. The abutment block 10 may be placed on a sandbank in a river or in the middle of the river. As in the abutment block 10 shown in Figure 8(b), a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of bridge structures 1 can be constructed in succession via the abutment block 10 including support surfaces 12 on both sides to bridge the bridge.

[0031] As described above, the bridge 1 of this example is manufactured using the ground cover block 20 in which the ground cover 22 extending in the longitudinal direction X is integrally formed at one end 21a along the longitudinal direction X of the precast concrete slab 21, and the bridge 1 can be easily manufactured by arranging one or more deck blocks 30 adjacent to the other end 21b along the longitudinal direction X of the ground cover block 20 so that both ends 29a and 29b of the ground cover block 20 facing the longitudinal direction X and both ends 39a and 39b of the deck block 30 facing the longitudinal direction X are supported by the abutment blocks 10 on both banks 3. Since the ground cover block 20 and the deck block 30 can be supported by the abutment blocks 10 on both banks, respectively, by designing these blocks 20 and 30 to have sufficient strength as a superstructure, the superstructure supporting the upper part of the bridge 1 can be formed by these blocks 20 and 30. For this reason, there is no need to construct in advance components (vertical beams) that support floor materials such as steel girders as the superstructure of the bridge, and bridge 1 can be manufactured efficiently in a short period of time. Also, in bridge 1, protective fences 40 including handrails, guardrails, etc. are often installed on ground covering 22, but by making holes 26 for inserting posts 41 in ground covering 22 in advance at the factory when prefabricating, the time required to install protective fence 40 can be shortened and bridge 1 can be manufactured even more efficiently.

[0032] The bridge 1 of this example can be used as a bridge over a small river 2 of approximately 10 m or less, and each of the ground cover block 20 and the deck block 30 can be crossed in the crossing direction as a single piece, that is, the blocks 20 and 30 can be crossed over the abutment blocks 10 on both banks 3. The bridge 1 of this example is constructed by combining the ground cover block 20 made of a precast deck integrated with the ground cover 22 and the deck block 30 made of a deck without the ground cover. Furthermore, the width W2 of the ground cover block 20 integrated with the ground cover is narrower than the width W3 of the deck block 30 without the ground cover. The maximum crane load is generally determined by the weight of the deck plates arranged when constructing at the site, but the ground cover block 20 integrated with the ground cover 22 and the deck 23 is heavier because of the attached ground cover. Therefore, by narrowing the width W2 of the ground cover block 20, the bridge 1 can be constructed using the same crane as the deck block 30.

[0033] In addition, a bridge (bridge) 1 is basically provided with a parapet (protective fence) 3 to prevent falls, but in order to construct the parapet, a ground guard to support the parapet is required. Conventionally, the method of constructing the ground guard is to cast the ground guard in place after the construction of the deck plate. Casting in place requires a long construction period, and it takes time to open the bridge. Also, construction to attach supports for the parapet and protective fence requires additional construction time, such as driving anchors into the ground guard after casting in place and attaching the supports. In the ground guard block 20 of this example, holes 26 for attaching supports 41 for the parapet and protective fence are opened in advance in the ground guard 22, so that the bridge 1 can be constructed in a short period of time. Furthermore, construction can be performed more cheaply than casting in place and then installing anchors later.

[0034] When holes 26 for a parapet or a guard fence are provided in a precast guard block 20 with a guard fence, if water accumulates in the holes 26 and freezes during storage at the factory or during construction at the site, the concrete may burst. For this reason, the holes 26 for installing the posts are provided through the bridge, and a large-diameter hole 26a for inserting the posts 41 of the guard fence 40 and a hole 26c smaller in diameter are provided through the lower surface (bottom surface) 20b of the guard block 20, so that water can drain from the bottom surface and damage can be prevented. A small-diameter hole 26c for draining water may be provided horizontally from the hole 26a of the guard fence. A drain may be provided toward the outside of the bridge, but the mortar filled during construction of the guard fence may drip from the drain and damage the appearance, so it is preferable that the drain hole 26c is provided to open to the bottom surface 20b.

[0035] Furthermore, rivers 2 generally have a gradient from upstream to downstream, and rainwater that falls on the deck of bridge 1 flows downstream and accumulates in the ground cover. For this reason, in bridge 1 of this example, slits 25 are provided partially in ground cover 22, allowing rainwater to flow into river 2. Drainage holes 27 may also be provided together with or instead of slits 25 to allow water to flow.

[0036] The above discloses a bridge having a precast concrete slab having a ground cover block with a ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction integrally formed at one end along the longitudinal direction, a floor block arranged adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block, and an abutment block supporting both ends of the ground cover block facing in the longitudinal direction and both ends of the floor block facing in the longitudinal direction. The ground cover block and the floor block may constitute a superstructure supporting the upper part of the bridge. The width of the ground cover block may be narrower than the width of the floor block. The ground cover block may include a plurality of holes provided at regular intervals on the upper surface of the ground cover so as to insert a support. Each of the plurality of holes may include a first hole with a large diameter and a bottom provided so that the support can be inserted, and a second hole with a small diameter extending from the bottom of the first hole to the lower surface or side surface of the ground cover block. The ground cover block may have a drainage hole penetrating the ground cover block in the inner plate portion of the ground cover. The ground cover block may be cut out so that at least a portion of the ground cover reaches the inner plate portion of the ground cover. The ground cover block may have a connection hole for inserting a connector with the abutment block so as to penetrate the inner plate portion of the ground cover near the two ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction. The abutment block may include a rising portion that corresponds to one of the two ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor portion of the ground cover inside the ground cover and one of the two ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the floor plate block.

[0037] The above discloses a ground cover block in which a ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction is integrally formed at one end along the longitudinal direction of a precast concrete plate, and both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block together with a floor plate block arranged adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block are supported by abutment blocks to form a bridge. The ground cover block may be narrower than the width of the floor plate block. The ground cover block may include a plurality of holes provided at regular intervals on the upper surface of the ground cover so that a support pole can be inserted. Each of the plurality of holes in the ground cover block may include a first hole with a bottom and a large diameter provided so that the support pole can be inserted, and a second hole with a small diameter extending from the bottom of the first hole to the lower surface or side surface of the ground cover block. The ground cover block may be provided with a drainage hole penetrating the ground cover block on the inner plate portion of the ground cover. The ground protection block may be cut out so that at least a part of the ground protection block reaches the inner plate portion of the ground protection block. The ground protection block may be provided with a connection hole for inserting a connector for connecting to the abutment block so as to penetrate the inner plate portion of the ground protection block near both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction.

[0038] The above discloses a precast abutment block that constitutes the abutment of a bridge, the abutment block having a foundation portion that supports the load of a superstructure block extending in the longitudinal direction to constitute the superstructure of the bridge, a support surface provided on a part of the upper part of the foundation portion that supports the underside of one of the two ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure block, and a rising portion that rises from the support surface and abuts against one end face of one of the two ends in the longitudinal direction of the superstructure block.

[0039] The above discloses a method for manufacturing a bridge, which includes arranging a deck block adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of a precast concrete plate, with a deck block having a deck extending in the longitudinal direction integrally formed at one end along the longitudinal direction of the precast concrete plate, and arranging the deck block so that both ends of the deck block facing in the longitudinal direction and both ends of the deck block facing in the longitudinal direction are supported by abutment blocks. The method may include forming a superstructure supporting the upper part of the bridge with the deck block and the deck block. The deck block may include a plurality of holes provided at regular intervals on the upper surface of the deck so as to insert supports, and may include inserting supports of a guard fence into the plurality of holes to attach the guard fence. The deck block may be provided with connection holes for inserting connectors to the abutment block so as to penetrate the inner plate part of the deck near both ends facing in the longitudinal direction, and may include connecting the deck block to the abutment blocks arranged at both ends through the connection holes. The abutment block may include a raised portion corresponding to one of the two ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor portion of the ground covering block on the inside of the ground covering, and one of the two ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the floor slab block, and the ground covering block and the floor slab block may be arranged so that both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction are inside the raised portions of the abutment blocks arranged at those two ends. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 1 bridge, 20 ground cover blocks, 30 deck blocks

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a bridge, comprising: arranging a deck block adjacent to one end along the longitudinal direction of a precast concrete slab, the other end along the longitudinal direction of the deck block, and arranging the deck block so that both ends of the deck block facing each other in the longitudinal direction and both ends of the deck block facing each other in the longitudinal direction are supported by abutment blocks, The ground protection block is provided with connection holes for inserting connectors for connecting to the abutment block from above near both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction, the connection holes penetrating the inner plate portion of the ground protection block; An insertion hole for inserting the connector from above is provided on the support surface of the abutment block, A method for manufacturing a bridge, comprising: inserting the connector from the upper side of the ground protection block, through the connection hole, into the insertion hole of the abutment block arranged at both ends of the ground protection block, thereby connecting the ground protection block and the abutment block.

2. In claim 1, a bridge manufacturing method including forming a superstructure that supports an upper portion of the bridge using the ground covering blocks and the deck blocks.

3. In claim 1, A method for manufacturing a bridge, comprising: the abutment block including a raised portion corresponding to one of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor portion of the ground cover block on the inside of the ground cover, and one of both ends facing in the longitudinal direction of the deck block; and arranging the ground cover block and the deck block so that both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction are inside the raised portions of the abutment blocks arranged at those ends.

4. In claim 1, The ground cover block includes a plurality of holes provided at regular intervals on an upper surface of the ground cover for inserting posts; A method for manufacturing a bridge, comprising: inserting posts of a protective fence into the plurality of holes to attach the protective fence.

5. A ground cover block having a ground cover integrally formed on one end along the longitudinal direction of a precast concrete slab, the ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction; a floor plate block arranged adjacent to the other end of the ground covering block along the longitudinal direction; abutment blocks supporting both ends of the ground cover block facing each other in the longitudinal direction and both ends of the deck block facing each other in the longitudinal direction; The ground protection block includes connection holes near both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction for inserting connectors to the abutment block from above, the connection holes being provided so as to penetrate the inner plate portion of the ground protection block; A bridge including an insertion hole in the support surface of the abutment block for inserting the connector from above.

6. In claim 5, A bridge, wherein the ground cover blocks and the deck blocks constitute a superstructure that supports the upper part of the bridge.

7. In claim 5, A bridge in which the width of the ground cover blocks is narrower than the width of the deck blocks.

8. In claim 5, The bridge, wherein the guardrail block includes a plurality of holes spaced at regular intervals in an upper surface of the guardrail for inserting posts.

9. In any one of claims 5 to 8, The abutment block of the bridge includes a raised portion corresponding to one of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the floor portion inside the ground cover of the ground cover block, and one of both ends opposing each other in the longitudinal direction of the deck block.

10. A ground cover block having a ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction integrally formed at one end of a precast concrete plate along the longitudinal direction, A bridge is formed by supporting both ends of the ground cover block facing each other in the longitudinal direction on the abutment blocks together with a deck block arranged adjacent to the other end along the longitudinal direction of the ground cover block, A ground protection block having connection holes near both ends facing each other in the longitudinal direction for inserting connectors to the abutment block from above, the connection holes being arranged to penetrate the inner plate portion of the ground protection block.

11. In claim 10, A ground covering block having a width narrower than that of the floorboard block.

12. In claim 10 or 11, The ground cover block includes a plurality of holes at regular intervals on an upper surface of the ground cover for inserting posts therein.

13. A precast abutment block constituting a bridge abutment, a base portion supporting the load of a superstructure block extending in a longitudinal direction so as to constitute a superstructure of a bridge; a support surface provided on a portion of an upper portion of the base portion, the support surface supporting a lower surface of one of both ends of the upper structural block facing each other in the longitudinal direction; a rising portion that rises from the support surface and abuts on one end surface of both ends of the upper structure block in the longitudinal direction, The upper structure block includes a ground cover block having a ground cover integrally formed on one end along the longitudinal direction of a precast concrete plate, the ground cover extending in the longitudinal direction being extended in the longitudinal direction; A bridge abutment block including an insertion hole in the support surface for inserting a connector from the upper side of the ground protection block through a connection hole that penetrates the ground protection block.

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