Measurement device and measurement method for density of hydrous explosive

Abstract

To enable rapid and accurate measurement of the density of hydrous explosives at construction sites and the like.SOLUTION: A measurement device 1 for the density of hydrous explosives is used in verifying whether the density of hydrous explosives manufactured by mixing a foaming agent and foaming aid with an explosive intermediate is within an optimum density range to be used as an explosive. It comprises a container 3 containing an upper limit density reference liquid 2 having a density at the upper limit of the optimum density range and a container 5 containing a lower limit density reference liquid 4 having a density at the lower limit of the optimum density range. A process of feeding fractionated hydrous explosives into the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and a process of feeding the fractionated hydrous explosives into the lower limit density reference liquid 4 are performed, and the density of the hydrous explosives is measured from a floating and sinking state of the hydrous explosives in the respective reference liquids.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method for measuring the density of water-containing explosives used in tunnel blasting in mountain tunnels and the like. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, the work of blasting for mountain tunnels has been known as one of the tasks with a high risk of skin-falling accidents because it is necessary to approach the tunnel face. If this blasting work could be automated, the amount of work required to approach the tunnel face would be reduced, and the safety of mountain tunnel construction would be improved. In addition, as typified by the Linear Chuo Shinkansen, long-hole blasting is required for the construction of long tunnels in hard rock, so there is a demand for improving the productivity of blasting work.

[0003] As a technology that satisfies these demands, automation technology for blasting charges using site-mixed water-containing explosives (bulk emulsion explosives) is attracting attention. Bulk emulsion explosives are gel-like low-viscosity explosives that contain water and are based on ammonium nitrate (AN). They are not packaged in paper or resin film, and the gel explosives are pumped through a hose by a pumping machine such as a monopump, making it possible to load the appropriate amount into the drilled hole. This makes it easy to control the amount of charge, and by linking it to the drilling data of the drill jumbo, it becomes possible to carry out efficient loading and blasting.

[0004] Site-mixed water-containing explosives are modified to be explosive by incorporating microbubbles into the non-explosive raw material "explosive intermediate" (emulsion matrix) in some way during charging. The microbubbles form hot spots, increase the detonation sensitivity, and ensure the explosive propagation.

[0005] As disclosed in paragraph

[0024] of the specification of Patent Document 1 below, there are two known methods for incorporating microbubbles into an explosive intermediate.

[0006] The first method is to physically mix in a substance containing microbubbles. In this method, hollow glass spheres (micro hollow particles) such as glass microparticles or perlite called glass microballoons (GMB) are mixed into the explosive intermediate to make them exist as microbubbles in the water-containing explosive. In this method, the density of the explosive intermediate decreases in proportion to the amount of mixture when mixing is completed.

[0007] The second method is to mix a foaming agent and a foaming assistant with an explosive intermediate and generate microbubbles by chemical reaction. For example, if an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and an aqueous solution of acetic acid are mixed with the explosive intermediate using a pump or the like and then further mixed with a mixer, the nitrite ions are decomposed by a chemical reaction, changing from sodium nitrite to dinitrogen trioxide to nitric oxide, and microbubbles are encapsulated. In this method, since the chemical reaction takes time, if the moment of mixing is considered to be time zero, it takes about 15 to 45 minutes for the microbubbles to be generated by the chemical reaction and the encapsulation progresses, and the density gradually decreases.

[0008] In the first method mentioned above, if the relationship between the mixing ratio and density is determined in advance, a water-containing explosive of the desired density can be easily manufactured. However, since there is a risk of fire and explosion in the equipment and process in which the glass microballoons are physically mixed, except in cases where it is manufactured in an explosives factory etc. that is well protected against this, it is not manufactured at construction sites etc.

[0009] On the other hand, the second method mentioned above only involves mixing with a pump and an in-line mixer, so there is no risk of fire or explosion due to mixing, and it can be used at construction sites, etc. For this reason, the second method mentioned above, that is, a method in which a foaming agent and a foaming assistant are mixed with an explosive intermediate to generate microbubbles through a chemical reaction, is used as a means for encapsulating microbubbles in the explosive intermediate in site-mixed water-containing explosives. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] JP 2008-57797 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] As mentioned above, site-mixed water-containing explosives are modified to be explosive by mixing a foaming agent or the like with a non-explosive intermediate to encapsulate microbubbles, but the degree of modification depends on the density. That is, if the density is too high, it will only burn, and if the density is too low, it will neither explode nor burn. For this reason, it is necessary to set the density within the optimal range for use as an explosive, and rapid measurement and management of density at tunnel blasting sites, etc., is essential.

[0012] In particular, while the method of generating microscopic bubbles through the above-mentioned chemical reaction is a safe method, unless density is measured and controlled properly on-site, it is impossible to know whether foaming is complete or still in progress, or whether the density of the finished water-containing explosive is within the desired range.

[0013] It is possible to calculate the foaming rate in advance from the mixture ratio of the foaming agent and foaming assistant, but since the explosive intermediate has a high viscosity and its viscosity changes greatly with temperature, even if correction is made based on the measured temperature, it is difficult to achieve the plan.

[0014] Furthermore, there may be cases where there is an abnormality in the foaming due to incorrect machine settings, a malfunction of the pump that reduces capacity by a small amount (a few percent), or chemical deterioration of the foaming agent or foaming assistant, causing the density to fall outside the desired range. In such cases, the foam may not explode, and the blasting process may end in failure.

[0015] The conventional method for measuring the density of water-containing explosives involves filling a container of known volume (several hundred milliliters) whose weight has been accurately measured in advance with a site-mixed type water-containing explosive mixed with a foaming agent until it is completely filled to the brim, then measuring the weight using an electronic balance placed on a table in a weighing room, subtracting the weight of the container to determine the weight of the water-containing explosive, and calculating the density from the volume and weight.

[0016] However, this measurement method requires a level table such as a surface plate that allows precise measurement with an electronic balance, and an environment that is not affected by harmful vibrations when measuring with the electronic balance. Furthermore, when filling a container with water-containing explosives, care must be taken not to entrap air. In other words, if air is entrapped, the apparent density decreases, and the entrapped air is not microbubbles and does not contribute to the explosion, so even if the density measured by this method is within the appropriate range, the density of the water-containing explosive containing the actual microbubbles will be different, and it may not explode.

[0017] Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, which is capable of quickly and accurately measuring the density at a construction site or the like of a water-containing explosive in which a foaming agent and a foaming assistant are mixed into an explosive intermediate to generate microbubbles. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 1 provides a density measuring device for a water-containing explosive, which is used to check whether the density of a water-containing explosive produced by mixing a foaming agent and a foaming assistant with an explosive intermediate is within an optimal density range for use as an explosive, comprising: The present invention provides an apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, comprising a container containing an upper limit density standard liquid having a density at the upper limit of the optimal density range, and a container containing a lower limit density standard liquid having a density at the lower limit of the optimal density range.

[0019] In the invention described in claim 1, a measuring device including a container containing an upper limit density reference liquid having a density at the upper limit of the optimum density range and a container containing a lower limit density reference liquid having a density at the lower limit of the optimum density range is used, and the manufactured water-containing explosive is sampled and put into the container containing the upper limit density reference liquid and the container containing the lower limit density reference liquid, respectively, and the density of the water-containing explosive is measured by observing the floating and sinking state of the water-containing explosive in the reference liquid. That is, if the put-in water-containing explosive floats in the upper limit density reference liquid and sinks in the lower limit density reference liquid, the density of the water-containing explosive is measured to be in the optimum density range.

[0020] In this way, the device for measuring the density of water-containing explosives according to the present invention does not require a quiet and precise installation location, and since a small aliquot is dropped into a reference liquid for measurement, there is little risk of air bubbles being trapped, making it possible to measure density quickly and accurately even at construction sites, etc.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in the first aspect, further comprising a container containing an intermediate density reference liquid having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid and the lower limit density reference liquid.

[0022] In the invention described in claim 2 above, a container containing an intermediate density reference liquid having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid and the lower limit density reference liquid is further provided, so that more precise density can be measured within the optimum density range.

[0023] The present invention relates to claim 3, and provides an apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in claim 1, further comprising either or both of a container containing an over-upper limit density reference liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density reference liquid and a container containing an over-lower limit density reference liquid having a density less than that of the lower limit density reference liquid.

[0024] In the invention described in claim 3 above, either or both of a container containing an over-upper limit density reference liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density reference liquid and a container containing an over-lower limit density reference liquid having a density less than that of the lower limit density reference liquid are further provided. Therefore, even if the measured density of the water-containing explosive is outside the optimal density range, it is possible to measure the extent to which it is outside the optimal density range, and measures to bring it into the optimal density range can be easily taken.

[0025] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in the first aspect, which comprises a float adjusted to a predetermined density in order to confirm the density of each reference liquid.

[0026] In the invention described in claim 4 above, in order to check for any density changes due to deterioration of each standard liquid, etc., a floating-sink piece adjusted to a predetermined density is immersed in each standard liquid, and the density of the standard liquid is confirmed from the floating / sinking state of the floating-sink piece.

[0027] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, which is used to confirm whether or not the density of a water-containing explosive produced by mixing a foaming agent and a foaming assistant with an explosive intermediate is within an optimum density range for use as an explosive, comprising the steps of: A step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an upper limit density standard liquid having an upper limit density of the optimum density range; A step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into a lower limit density reference liquid having a lower limit density of the optimum density range; There is provided a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, characterized in that the density of the water-containing explosive is measured from the floating / sinking state of the water-containing explosive in each reference liquid.

[0028] The present invention relates to claim 6, and provides a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in claim 5, further comprising the step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an intermediate density reference liquid having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid and the lower limit density reference liquid.

[0029] The present invention according to claim 7 provides a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in claim 5, further comprising either or both of a step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an excess-upper limit density reference liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density reference liquid and a step of introducing it into an excess-lower limit density reference liquid having a density smaller than that of the lower limit density reference liquid.

[0030] According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive according to the fifth aspect, in which the density of each reference liquid is confirmed using a float-sinker adjusted to a predetermined density.

[0031] The inventions described in claims 5 to 8 above prescribe a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive. Effect of the Invention

[0032] As explained above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to quickly and accurately measure the density of water-containing explosives at construction sites and the like. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0033] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the manufacturing process of a site mixing type water-containing explosive. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a method for measuring the specific gravity of a water-containing explosive according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement results of specific gravity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0035] For example, an explosives manufacturing system 20 for manufacturing site-mixed type water-containing explosives (bulk emulsion explosives) used at tunnel construction sites, as shown in FIG. 1, is composed of an explosives intermediate storage tank 21 for storing an explosive intermediate in an emulsion state (ANE: ammonium nitrate emulsion), a foaming agent storage tank 22 for storing a foaming agent and a foaming assistant, a pressure pump 23 for pressure-feeding the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent and the foaming assistant, and a loading hose 25 into which the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent and the foaming assistant are pressure-feeded and which, when inserted into a drilled hole 24 drilled in the tunnel face, discharges the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent and the foaming assistant from the tip to load the water-containing explosive into the drilled hole 24.

[0036] The explosive intermediate and the foaming agent / foaming assistant discharged from the tip of the charge hose 25 are mixed inside the drilling hole 24, and become sensitized only inside the drilling hole 24, becoming a water-containing explosive. In other words, the explosive intermediate before being mixed with the foaming agent / foaming assistant is not an explosive, is not subject to the Explosives Control Act, and is treated as a hazardous material under the Fire Service Act, so no management system like that for explosives is required, and each material can be stored, transported, and handled separately.

[0037] As the blowing agent and blowing assistant to be mixed with the explosive intermediate, any conventionally known blowing agent and blowing assistant which are widely used as the blowing agent and blowing assistant for emulsion explosives can be used without any restriction.

[0038] In the above-mentioned explosive manufacturing system 20, a foaming agent and a foaming assistant are mixed with an explosive intermediate to generate a large number of microbubbles inside, thereby modifying the explosive intermediate into a detonatable water-containing explosive, but the degree of modification depends on the density of the water-containing explosive. In other words, the density of the water-containing explosive must be within an optimal density range in order to be used as an explosive. The water-containing explosive density measuring device 1 according to the present invention is designed to quickly measure and manage whether the density of the water-containing explosive is within such an optimal density range at the tunnel blasting site.

[0039] To explain the specific optimum density range, the density of the explosive intermediate is 1.4 g / cm 3 Although it can burn in this state, it does not explode, so the density of this explosive intermediate must be reduced to a density that can be detonated as a water-containing explosive by mixing the foaming agent and foaming assistant and mixing in a large number of microbubbles. As the water-containing explosive containing a large number of microbubbles detonates, its density decreases in proportion to the amount of microbubbles contained inside, so the detonation reaction rate and detonation pressure also decrease. Table 1 shows the relationship between density, detonation reaction rate, and detonation pressure calculated using a calculation program for analyzing combustion and explosion characteristics including chemical equilibrium calculation of explosives based on the equation of state under high temperature and high pressure derived from the intermolecular potential model of Kihara and Hikita called KHT. [Table 1]

[0040] As is clear from the simulation results in Table 1, density, detonation reaction rate, and detonation pressure are proportional to each other. The destructive power against rock mass is greater as the detonation reaction rate and detonation pressure are higher. 3 In areas where the density is higher than 1.0 g / cm3, the detonation reaction may be interrupted and the explosion may not occur. 3In the region lower than this, the destructive power is insufficient, and if the charge length is long, there is a possibility that the explosive will not explode. Therefore, the density of the water-containing explosive is set to 1.0 to 1.3 g / cm 3 It is desirable to control the density to about 100%. This density range is the optimum density range for use as an explosive. By adjusting the density of the water-containing explosive, it is possible to impart explosiveness and adjust the detonation reaction rate and detonation pressure. The density of the water-containing explosive can be adjusted by adjusting the mixture ratio of the foaming agent and the foaming assistant.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 2(C), the apparatus 1 for measuring the density of water-containing explosives according to the present invention comprises at least a container 3 containing an upper limit density reference liquid 2 having a density at the upper limit of the optimal density range, and a container 5 containing a lower limit density reference liquid 4 having a density at the lower limit of the optimal density range.

[0042] The standard solutions of the specified density are based on the density (g / cm) of various substances listed in "Science Annals 2023, Reiwa 5, Vol. 96 (Desktop Edition), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Maruzen Publishing Co., Ltd., pp. 397-398, (Published November 30, 2022)". 3 The density can be obtained by preparing an aqueous solution of each substance based on the density of the liquid. The following are examples of aqueous solutions of major substances corresponding to each density.

[0043] Density 1.0: water Density 1.1:ZnSO 4 10% aqueous solution of BaCl 2 12% aqueous solution of K 2 CO 3 10% aqueous solution of Density 1.2:NaCl 2 20% aqueous solution of K 2 CO 3 22% aqueous solution of Density 1.3:K 2 CO 3 30% aqueous solution of Density 1.4:K 2 CO 3 40% aqueous solution of Moreover, it is also possible to use an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate as the reference liquid, which does not immediately react chemically with water and water-containing explosives.

[0044] The reference solution may change in density due to deterioration when density measurements are performed many times or over time. It is also necessary to check whether the density of the prepared aqueous solution is adjusted to a predetermined density. In order to check for density changes due to deterioration or the like, or to check whether the aqueous solution is adjusted to a predetermined density, a sink-float element having a predetermined density is placed in each reference solution, and the density of the reference solution can be confirmed from the floating / sinking state of the sink-float element.

[0045] The float-sink elements are solid objects made of resin, metal, glass, etc., and are adjusted to a predetermined density. Several sets of float-sink elements are prepared to suit the density of each reference liquid, with one set having a density slightly higher than the density of the aqueous solution, set on the positive side, and the other set having a density slightly lower than the density of the aqueous solution, set on the negative side.

[0046] The method of measuring the density of a reference liquid using the above-mentioned float-sink device involves first confirming that a float-sink device with a density slightly higher than that of the reference liquid sinks when it is dropped into the reference liquid, then confirming that a float-sink device with a density slightly lower than that of the reference liquid floats when it is dropped into the reference liquid in the same manner, thereby confirming that the density of the reference liquid is between the density of the float-sink device set on the positive side and the density of the float-sink device set on the negative side.

[0047] The containers 3 and 5 in which the respective reference solutions are placed are wide-mouthed, transparent, bottomed, tubular, elongated containers made of resin or glass, and the respective reference solutions are placed up to about 50% to 80% of the containers 3 and 5. The containers 3 and 5 are preferably containers with leak-proof lids and a volume of 200 to 300 ml.

[0048] 2(A) and (B), the measuring device 1 further includes a container 7 for water-containing explosives for taking a sample of the water-containing explosives 6 coming out of the tip of the charge hose 25 in the explosives manufacturing system 20, and a spatula 8 (spoon) made of stainless steel or resin for taking a portion of the water-containing explosives 6 in the container 7 for water-containing explosives and pouring it into the upper limit density reference liquid 2 or the lower limit density reference liquid 4. Although not shown, a disposal container is also provided separately for storing the water-containing explosives after the measurement and the remaining water-containing explosives. The water-containing explosives stored in the disposal container are decomposed in a decomposition device as appropriate.

[0049] Next, a method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive using the measuring device 1 having the above-mentioned configuration will be described. The temperature condition during measurement is not particularly limited as long as it is room temperature, but it is preferably 0°C to 40°C, for example.

[0050] First, as shown in FIG. 2(A), the water-containing explosive 6 is placed in the container 7 for the water-containing explosive, and the container 7 is left to stand for a time (about 15 to 45 minutes) for the foaming agent and foaming assistant to act.

[0051] After a predetermined time has elapsed, as shown in FIG. 2(B), a small amount of the water-containing explosive 6 is taken from the water-containing explosive 6 contained in the container 7 for water-containing explosives with a spatula 8 and poured into the upper limit density reference liquid 2 having the upper limit density of the optimal density range. Then, the floating / sinking state of the poured water-containing explosive 6 is observed. Also, a small amount of the water-containing explosive 6 is taken from the spatula 8 and poured into the lower limit density reference liquid 4 having the lower limit density of the optimal density range. Then, the floating / sinking state of the poured water-containing explosive 6 is observed.

[0052] If the added water-containing explosive 6 floats in the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and sinks in the lower limit density reference liquid 4, it can be confirmed that the density of the water-containing explosive 6 is within the optimal density range for use as an explosive.

[0053] As described above, the measurement method according to the present invention does not require a quiet place free from vibrations or a precise place where the measurement can be kept horizontal, and can be carried out on a jumbo work basket used in tunnel construction, allowing for rapid density measurement at construction sites, etc. In addition, since a small amount of water-containing explosive is dropped into the reference liquid for measurement, there is little risk of air bubbles being trapped, making it possible to measure density accurately. Furthermore, since no utilities such as a power source are required, the measurement can be carried out easily. In addition, since a small amount of water-containing explosive is dropped into the aqueous solution, there is no risk of fire, and the measurement can be carried out safely.

[0054] The density of the water-containing explosive can be measured once or multiple times at suitable timings such as when the loading of the water-containing explosive into the drilled hole 24 starts, during the loading, and when the loading is completed. For example, by measuring an initial flow sample coming out of the nozzle of the charging hose before the loading starts and measuring a sample remaining in the charging hose after the loading is completed, it can be confirmed that the density is within the optimum density range from the start to the end of loading of the water-containing explosive.

[0055] Next, a modified example of the measurement device 1 will be described. As shown in Fig. 3, the measurement device 1 may further include a container 10 containing an intermediate density reference liquid 9 having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and the lower limit density reference liquid 4. For example, if the density of the upper limit density reference liquid 2 is 1.3 g / cm 3 , the density of the lower limit density standard solution 4 is 1.1 g / cm 3 In this case, the density of the intermediate density standard solution 9 is 1.2 g / cm 3 It can be said that:

[0056] The container 10 containing the intermediate density standard liquid 9 can be composed of a single container 10 containing intermediate density standard liquid 9 having a density exactly halfway between the upper limit density standard liquid 2 and the lower limit density standard liquid 4, or it can be composed of multiple containers 10... each containing intermediate density standard liquid 9 having a plurality of different densities between the upper limit density standard liquid 2 and the lower limit density standard liquid 4.

[0057] As the container 10 for containing the intermediate density reference liquid 9, the same containers 3, 5 for containing the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and the lower limit density reference liquid 4 described above can be used.

[0058] By providing the container 10 containing the intermediate density standard liquid 9, the density of the water-containing explosive can be measured more precisely within the optimum density range, and the detonation reaction rate and detonation pressure of the water-containing explosive can be adjusted as shown in Table 1.

[0059] The density of the upper limit density standard solution 2 is 1.3 g / cm 3 , the density of the lower limit density standard solution 4 is 1.0 g / cm 3 , the density of intermediate density standard solution 9 is 1.1 g / cm 3 , 1.2g / cm 3 When considering the two types of explosives, the possible floating and sinking patterns of water-containing explosives are summarized in Table 2. [Table 2]

[0060] In situation 1, the density of the water-containing explosive is 1.0 g / cm 3 In the cases 2, 3, and 4, the density of the water-containing explosive is within the optimum density range, and the amount of foaming agent is appropriate. In the case of the case 5, the density of the water-containing explosive is 1.3 g / cm 3 If it is larger, there may be too little foaming agent, the foaming agent may have deteriorated, or there may be a problem with the static mixer used to mix the explosive intermediate with the foaming agent and foaming assistant.

[0061] As another variation of the measuring device 1, the measuring device 1 may further be provided with either or both of a container containing an over-upper limit density standard liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density standard liquid 2 and a container containing an over-lower limit density standard liquid having a density less than that of the lower limit density standard liquid 4.

[0062] It is clear that the densities of the water-containing explosives in the conditions 1 and 5 shown in Table 2 are outside the optimum density range, but since it is not clear how far they are out of the range, it is not possible to determine how much the amount of foaming agent should be increased or decreased. Therefore, an over-upper limit density reference liquid and an over-lower limit density reference liquid that are a certain amount larger or smaller than the optimum density range are prepared so that the density can be roughly measured. The range of larger or smaller than the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and the lower limit density reference liquid 4 should be ±0.5 or less, preferably ±0.3 or less. EXAMPLES

[0063] As shown in FIG. 2, two 300 ml wide-mouthed plastic containers 3 and 5 were prepared, each containing upper limit density reference solution 2 (1.3 g / cm 3 ), lower limit density standard solution 4 (1.1g / cm 3 ) was placed in each of the containers to constitute the measuring device 1. In addition, a resin container having a volume of 20 L was used as the container 7 for the water-containing explosive and the disposal container.

[0064] A water-containing explosive was produced using a site mixing type automatic loading device, and an initial flow sample of about 100 g of the water-containing explosive discharged from the tip of the charge hose 25 was received in the water-containing explosive container 7 (FIG. 2(A)).

[0065] As shown in Figure 2(B), a thumb-sized amount of water-containing explosive was taken with a stainless steel spatula 8 (stainless steel large spoon), and after confirming that it floated in the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and sank in the lower limit density reference liquid 4 as shown in Figure 2(C), the work of loading into the drilled hole 24 began. The water-containing explosive remaining in the water-containing explosive container 7 was transferred to a disposal container.

[0066] After the loading work was completed, the water-containing explosive remaining in the loading hose 25 was received in the water-containing explosive container 7, and a thumb-sized piece of water-containing explosive was taken with the spatula 8. After confirming that it floated in the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and sank in the lower limit density reference liquid 4, the container was evacuated, and the explosion was carried out after confirming safety. EXAMPLES

[0067] In comparison with the above-mentioned Example 1, Example 2 has a difference from the above-mentioned Example 1 in that the intermediate density standard solution 9 (1.2 g / cm 3 1 in that it further comprises a container 10 containing 200 ml of

[0068] After confirming that the water-containing explosive sampled using the spatula 8 floated in the upper limit density reference liquid 2 and sank in the lower limit density reference liquid 4 (FIG. 3(A)), the floating and sinking states were also confirmed in the intermediate density reference liquid 9. As shown in FIG. 3(B), when the explosive sank in the intermediate density reference liquid 9, the density was 1.2 to 1.3 g / cm 3 As shown in FIG. 3(C), if it floats in the intermediate density standard solution 9, it has a density between 1.1 and 1.2 g / cm 3 The density is between .

[0069] A 300 ml wide-mouthed resin container was prepared, along with an electronic balance placed on a platen provided in the weighing room.

[0070] A water-containing explosive was manufactured using a site mixing type automatic loading device, and approximately 200 g of the initial flow sample of the water-containing explosive emerging from the tip of the loading hose was filled to the brim into the container whose weight had been measured in advance using an electronic balance or the like. This was then carried to the weighing room and its weight was measured using an electronic balance placed on a stationary plate to calculate the density of the water-containing explosive.

[0071] It is difficult to measure density using this method at an actual tunnel construction site, etc. In other words, it is difficult to set up a weighing room at the tunnel construction site, etc., and even if a weighing room were set up in a yard outside the tunnel, transportation to that location would be necessary, making it impossible to perform rapid measurements in a long tunnel. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1...measuring device, 2...upper limit density standard liquid, 3...container, 4...lower limit density standard liquid, 5...container, 6...water-containing explosive, 7...container for water-containing explosive, 8...spatula, 9...intermediate density standard liquid, 10...container, 20...explosive manufacturing system, 21...explosive intermediate storage tank, 22...foaming agent storage tank, 23...pressure pump, 24...drilling, 25...charge hose

Claims

1. A measuring device for the density of a water-containing explosive, which is used to confirm whether the density of a water-containing explosive produced by mixing a foaming agent and a foaming assistant with an explosive intermediate is within an optimal density range for use as an explosive, An apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, comprising: a container containing an upper limit density standard liquid having a density at the upper limit of the optimal density range; and a container containing a lower limit density standard liquid having a density at the lower limit of the optimal density range.

2. 2. The apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive according to claim 1, further comprising a container containing an intermediate density reference liquid having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid and the lower limit density reference liquid.

3. 2. The apparatus for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive as described in claim 1, further comprising either or both of a container containing an excess upper limit density reference liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density reference liquid and a container containing an excess lower limit density reference liquid having a density smaller than that of the lower limit density reference liquid.

4. 2. An apparatus for measuring the density of water-containing explosives according to claim 1, further comprising a float adjusted to a predetermined density in order to confirm the density of each standard liquid.

5. A method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, which is used to confirm whether or not the density of a water-containing explosive produced by mixing a foaming agent and a foaming assistant with an explosive intermediate is within an optimal density range for use as an explosive, comprising: A step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an upper limit density standard liquid having an upper limit density of the optimum density range; A step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into a lower limit density reference liquid having a lower limit density of the optimum density range; A method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive, comprising measuring the density of the water-containing explosive from the floating / sinking state of the water-containing explosive in each standard liquid.

6. 6. The method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive according to claim 5, further comprising the step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an intermediate density reference liquid having a density between the upper limit density reference liquid and the lower limit density reference liquid.

7. The method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive according to claim 5, further comprising either or both of a step of taking an aliquot of the produced water-containing explosive and introducing it into an excess-upper limit density reference liquid having a density greater than that of the upper limit density reference liquid and a step of introducing it into an excess-lower limit density reference liquid having a density smaller than that of the lower limit density reference liquid.

8. 6. A method for measuring the density of a water-containing explosive according to claim 5, wherein the density of each standard liquid is confirmed using a float-sinker adjusted to a predetermined density.

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