Structure

Abstract

To ensure fire resistance in an external corner that is located at an upper part of an end of a floor structure that faces an outer perimeter or atrium of a wooden building.SOLUTION: A structure 100 comprises a wooden floor surface material 110, a wooden horizontal member 120 that supports an end of the floor surface material 110, and a plurality of layers of first fire-resistant board 140 that covers an upper surface of a floor structure 130 constructed by the floor surface material 110 and the horizontal member 120, and a plurality of layers of second fire-resistant board 150 that covers a side of the floor structure 130 located at an end side of the floor surface material 110. At an upper part of the side of the floor structure 130, the first fire-resistant board 140 and the second fire-resistant board 150 are stacked in a stair-like manner and joined together by butting their ends together.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structural body that constitutes a floor structure of a wooden building. [Background technology]

[0002] As wooden building components having fire resistance, floors as described in JP 2023-38258 A (Patent Document 1) and beams as described in JP 2020-66850 A (Patent Document 2) have been proposed. The floor described in Patent Document 1 is configured such that the upper surface of the wooden floor surface material is covered with a fire-resistant plate material made of at least one layer of gypsum board or the like, thereby being able to withstand hot air from above the floor surface for a predetermined period of time. In addition, the beam described in Patent Document 2 is configured such that the periphery of the wooden load support material is covered with a fire-resistant plate material made of at least one layer of gypsum board or the like, thereby being able to withstand hot air from around the beam for a predetermined period of time. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2023-38258 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2020-66850 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Incidentally, the floor structure of a wooden building is composed of floor surface materials that form the floor surface of each floor, and horizontal members such as beams that support the floor surface materials. In order to impart fire resistance to such a floor structure, it is possible to combine the floor described in Patent Document 1 with the beam described in Patent Document 2. However, in order to impart fire resistance to such a floor structure, there has been insufficient consideration on how to join the fireproof plate material of the floor and the fireproof plate material of the beam. In addition, there is a problem that the protruding corners located at the upper ends of the floor structure facing the outer periphery or atrium of a wooden building may be exposed to hot air from two directions, and therefore the protruding corners are likely to become weak points in terms of fire resistance.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a structural body that can ensure the fire resistance of the protruding corners located at the upper ends of floor structures facing the outer perimeter or open-air areas of wooden buildings. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The structure includes wooden floor panels, wooden cross members supporting the ends of the floor panels, multiple layers of first fire-resistant boards covering the upper surface of the floor structure constructed by the floor panels and cross members, and multiple layers of second fire-resistant boards covering the side surface of the floor structure located on the end side of the floor panels.The first and second fire-resistant boards are stacked in a stepped manner at the upper part of the side surface of the floor structure, with their ends butted together and joined. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, in a floor structure facing the outer perimeter or atrium of a wooden building, the fire resistance of the protruding corner located at the upper part of the end can be ensured. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure that constitutes a floor structure of a wooden building. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of defects of a general structure. [Diagram 3]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of an example of a structure. [Figure 4] 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams of the action and effect of an example of a structure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of another example of a structural body. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a first modified example of the structure. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a second modified example of the structure. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a third modified example of the structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows an example of a structure 100 constituting a floor structure of a wooden building. The structure 100 described below is merely one example of this embodiment, and should not be construed as being limited to this configuration. Therefore, it goes without saying that a person skilled in the art of this technical field can make appropriate modifications within the scope of the technical idea of ​​this embodiment, taking into account his or her own experience, knowledge, technical common sense, etc.

[0010] The structure 100 constitutes the floor structure of a wooden building, and is particularly applicable to areas where the ends may be exposed to high-temperature heat during a fire, such as the periphery and the atrium. The structure 100 includes a wooden floor surface material 110, wooden cross members 120 supporting the ends of the floor surface material 110, a first fire-resistant plate material 140 of multiple layers covering the upper surface of a floor structure 130 constructed by the floor surface material 110 and the cross members 120, and a second fire-resistant plate material 150 of multiple layers covering the side surface of the floor structure 130 located on the end side of the floor surface material 110. The joining of the floor surface material 110 and the cross members 120, and the joining of the floor structure 130 to the first fire-resistant plate material 140 and the second fire-resistant plate material can be performed using a known joining technique.

[0011] The floor material 110 is made of, for example, cross-laminated timber (CLT) having a rectangular shape in plan view. The floor material 110 is not limited to a rectangular shape in plan view, and may have a modified shape according to the layout of a wooden building. However, considering the application location of the structure 100 according to this embodiment, at least a part (in other words, an end) needs to extend in a straight line.

[0012] The cross members 120 may be beams made of, for example, solid wood or laminated wood. The floor structure 130 shown in Fig. 1 has a so-called beam-supported structure, in other words, the floor surface material 110 is supported by the opposing surfaces of a pair of cross members 120. However, the floor structure 130 is not limited to a beam-supported structure, and may have a so-called floor-supported structure, in other words, the floor surface material 110 is supported by the upper surfaces of multiple cross members 120.

[0013] The first fireproof plate 140 includes a lower fireproof plate 140A arranged on the upper surface of the floor structure 130, a middle fireproof plate 140B arranged on the upper surface of the lower fireproof plate 140A, and an upper fireproof plate 140C arranged on the upper surface of the middle fireproof plate 140B. The lower fireproof plate 140A, the middle fireproof plate 140B, and the upper fireproof plate 140C can be made of, for example, gypsum boards that exhibit good fire resistance. When exposed to high-temperature heat during a fire, the crystal water of the gypsum board is thermally decomposed into water vapor and gradually released, so that the temperature rise can be delayed. In addition, the thicknesses of the lower fireproof plate 140A, the middle fireproof plate 140B, and the upper fireproof plate 140C can be appropriately set according to the fire resistance required for the structure 100, for example, but do not necessarily have to have the same thickness. The upper fire-resistant board 140C located on the outermost layer of the first fire-resistant board 140 is not limited to gypsum board, and may be made of aerated concrete (ALC) that exhibits good fire resistance.

[0014] The second fireproof plate 150 includes an underlay fireproof plate 150A arranged on the side of the floor structure 130, an inner fireproof plate 150B arranged on the outer surface of the underlay fireproof plate 150A, and an upper fireproof plate 150C arranged on the outer surface of the inner fireproof plate 150B. The underlay fireproof plate 150A, the inner fireproof plate 150B, and the upper fireproof plate 150C can be made of, for example, gypsum board that exhibits good fire resistance, similar to the first fireproof plate 140. In addition, the thicknesses of the underlay fireproof plate 150A, the inner fireproof plate 150B, and the upper fireproof plate 150C can be appropriately set according to, for example, the fire resistance required for the structure 100, similar to the first fireproof plate 140, but do not necessarily have to have the same thickness.

[0015] In a general structure 100', if the ends of the three layers of the first fireproof plate 140' covering the top surface of the floor structure 130' constructed by the floor surface material 110' and the cross member 120' and the three layers of the second fireproof plate 150' covering the side surface of the floor structure 130' are aligned in a straight line as shown in FIG. 2, the following problems will occur. That is, when the structure 100' shown in FIG. 2 is exposed to high temperature heat during a fire, as described above, the crystallization water of the gypsum board constituting the first fireproof plate 140' and the second fireproof plate 150' can be thermally decomposed to delay the temperature rise. However, since the gypsum board is thermally contracted by the thermal decomposition of the crystallization water, a linear gap is formed at the joint (joint) between the end of the first fireproof plate 140' and the second fireproof plate 150', and as a result, a linear path for the hot air to enter the wooden floor structure 130' is formed. In this case, high-temperature air is directly transmitted to the wooden floor structure 130' through the linear gaps, and the cross members 120' that make up the floor structure 130' may reach an ignition temperature (e.g., 260°C) or higher, causing carbonization. Note that in Fig. 2, each element is distinguished by adding a dash (') to avoid confusion with this embodiment.

[0016] Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, at the upper part of the side of the floor structure 130 (i.e., the corner portion), the first fire-resistant plate 140 and the second fire-resistant plate 150 are stacked in a stepped manner and joined with their ends butted together.

[0017] Specifically, for the first fireproof plate 140, the underlay fireproof plate 140A extends to the end of the floor structure 130, and the middle fireproof plate 140B disposed on the upper surface of the underlay fireproof plate 140A extends beyond the end of the underlay fireproof plate 140A to a position corresponding to the plate thickness of the underlay fireproof plate 150A of the second fireproof plate 150. Also, the upper fireproof plate 140C disposed on the upper surface of the middle fireproof plate 140B extends beyond the end of the middle fireproof plate 140B to a position where the plate thicknesses of the underlay fireproof plate 150A and the middle fireproof plate 150B of the second fireproof plate 150 are added together. And, by arranging the underlay fireproof plate 140A, the middle fireproof plate 140B, and the overlay fireproof plate 140C in this way, the end of the first fireproof plate 140 is stacked in a staircase shape.

[0018] In addition, for the second fire-resistant plate 150, the lower fire-resistant plate 150A extends beyond the upper surface of the floor structure 130 to a position corresponding to the upper surface of the lower fire-resistant plate 140A of the first fire-resistant plate 140. The middle fire-resistant plate 150B disposed on the outer surface of the lower fire-resistant plate 150A extends beyond the upper end of the lower fire-resistant plate 150A to a position corresponding to the upper surface of the middle fire-resistant plate 140B of the first fire-resistant plate 140. The upper fire-resistant plate 150C disposed on the outer surface of the middle fire-resistant plate 150B extends beyond the upper end of the middle fire-resistant plate 150B to a position corresponding to the upper surface of the upper fire-resistant plate 140C of the first fire-resistant plate 140. By arranging the lower fire-resistant board 150A, the middle fire-resistant board 150B and the upper fire-resistant board 150C in this manner, they are stacked in a stepped manner in which the ends of the second fire-resistant board 150 match the ends of the first fire-resistant board 140.

[0019] The first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 thus constructed have stepped ends that match each other, so they can be butted together and joined without gaps. Therefore, the intrusion path of hot air that reaches the wooden floor structure 130 from the corner portion located at the top of the end of the structure 100 is stepped according to the joint surface of the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150, as shown in FIG. 4. In this case, when high-temperature hot air acts on the corner portion of the structure 100 during a fire, the hot air reaches the wooden floor structure 130 along the stepped intrusion path. At this time, in the illustrated embodiment, the intrusion path of hot air is bent at right angles four times, so even if the gypsum boards that constitute the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 are thermally contracted to some extent, the intrusion path of hot air that reaches the floor structure 130 from the corner portion of the structure 100 is not formed.

[0020] For these reasons, in the floor structure 130 facing the outer perimeter or atrium of a wooden building, the fire resistance of the protruding corner located at the upper end of the end can be ensured.

[0021] The end shapes of the first fire-resistant plate 140 and the second fire-resistant plate 150 may be as shown in Fig. 5. That is, for the first fire-resistant plate 140, the underlay fire-resistant plate 140A extends beyond the end of the floor structure 130 to a position corresponding to the plate thickness of the underlay fire-resistant plate 150A of the second fire-resistant plate 150. The inner lining fire-resistant plate 140B disposed on the upper surface of the underlay fire-resistant plate 140A extends beyond the end of the underlay fire-resistant plate 140A to a position corresponding to the combined plate thickness of the underlay fire-resistant plate 150A and the inner lining fire-resistant plate 150B of the second fire-resistant plate 150. The top cover fire-resistant board 140C, which is placed on the upper surface of the middle fire-resistant board 140B, extends beyond the end of the middle fire-resistant board 140B to a position where the thicknesses of the bottom fire-resistant board 150A, the middle fire-resistant board 150B and the top fire-resistant board 150C of the second fire-resistant board 150 are combined.

[0022] In addition, for the second fire-resistant plate 150, the lower fire-resistant plate 150A extends to the upper surface of the end of the floor structure 130, and the middle fire-resistant plate 150B disposed on the outer surface of the lower fire-resistant plate 150A extends beyond the upper end of the lower fire-resistant plate 150A to a position corresponding to the upper surface of the lower fire-resistant plate 140A of the first fire-resistant plate 140. The upper fire-resistant plate 150C disposed on the outer surface of the middle fire-resistant plate 150B extends beyond the upper end of the middle fire-resistant plate 150B to a position corresponding to the upper surface of the middle fire-resistant plate 140B of the first fire-resistant plate 140.

[0023] Therefore, the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 are formed in a stepped shape with their ends matching each other, and are joined by butting their ends together, as in the previous embodiment. In this case, the joint between the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 that appears on the surface of the end of the structure 100 is located on the side of the structure 100, as is clear from FIG. 5. The action and effect of this embodiment are the same as those of the previous embodiment, so the description thereof will be omitted. Please refer to the description of the previous embodiment if necessary.

[0024] As described above, the gypsum boards constituting the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 are thermally contracted by being exposed to high-temperature hot air during a fire, and the gap between the overlay fireproof plate 140C of the first fireproof plate 140 and the overlay fireproof plate 150C of the second fireproof plate 150 that appear on the outermost surface of the structure 100 widens. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 6, a joint of a predetermined size may be provided between the overlay fireproof plate 140C of the first fireproof plate 140 located in the outermost layer and the overlay fireproof plate 150C of the second fireproof plate 150, and a fireproof joint material 160 and a sealant 170 may be filled in this order from the innermost part toward the open end.

[0025] As the fire-resistant joint material 160, for example, alkaline earth silicate wool (AES wool) can be used. Alkaline earth silicate wool is an artificial mineral fiber insulation material whose main components are silica, calcia, and magnesia and which is molded into any shape. Alkaline earth silicate wool has the advantages of being not only excellent in heat resistance but also excellent in impact resistance, and being lightweight and easy to handle.

[0026] As the sealant 170, for example, a two-component polyurethane sealant or a two-component modified silicone sealant can be used. Two-component polyurethane sealants and two-component modified silicone sealants are sealants that have weather resistance, durability, adhesion, good application quality, and conformability, and are widely used in buildings. Here, the two-component sealant is a mixed reaction curing type sealant in which the base material and the curing agent react and cure, and although it requires a two-liquid caulking gun or agitator compared to the one-component type, it has the advantage of being easy to control the curing speed.

[0027] In this way, even if the gap between the overlay fireproof plate 140C of the first fireproof plate 140 and the overlay fireproof plate 150C of the second fireproof plate 150 widens due to exposure to high temperature heat during a fire, the fireproof joint material 160 and the sealing material 170 can be elastically deformed to prevent a gap from occurring. Therefore, since no gap occurs between the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150, the fire resistance of the structure 100 can be further improved.

[0028] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, when a joint is formed between the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150, a layer of a third fireproof plate 180 may be further arranged on the upper surface of the first fireproof plate 140 or on the outer surface of the second fireproof plate 150 so as to cover the joint. Here, the third fireproof plate 180 may be, for example, a gypsum board or lightweight aerated concrete. In this way, the joint between the first fireproof plate 140 and the second fireproof plate 150 is covered with the third fireproof plate 180, so that the fireproof joint material 160 and the sealing material 170 filled in the joint are not directly exposed to hot air, and the fireproof performance can be further improved.

[0029] The surface of the overlay fire-resistant plate 150C of the second fire-resistant plate 150 is exposed at the end of the structure 100. Therefore, when the structure 100 is used in an open-ceiling section, a wooden exterior material 190 may be placed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant plate 150 to improve the appearance of the wooden building. Here, the wooden exterior material 190 may have the same or a common design as the interior wall of the wooden building, for example.

[0030] Furthermore, a person skilled in the art will easily understand that new embodiments can be created by omitting parts of the technical ideas of the various above-mentioned embodiments, combining parts of them appropriately, or replacing parts of them with well-known technology.

[0031] For example, the first fire-resistant plate 140 and the second fire-resistant plate 150 are not limited to three layers, but may be two layers or four or more layers. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 100...Structure 110…Floor material 120…Beam 130…Floor structure 140…First fireproof plate material 140A…Underlay fireproof board material 140B…Fireproof board material 140C...Top fireproof board material 150…Second fireproof plate material 150A…Underlay fireproof board material 150B…Fireproof board material 150C...Top fireproof board material 160…Fireproof joint material 170…Sealant 180…Third fireproof plate material

Claims

1. Wooden flooring and A wooden cross member supporting an end portion of the floor surface material; A first fireproof plate material having a plurality of layers covering an upper surface of a floor structure constructed by the floor surface material and the cross members; A second fireproof plate material having a plurality of layers covering a side surface of the floor structure located on an end side of the floor surface material; Equipped with At the upper part of the side surface of the floor structure, the first fireproof plate material and the second fireproof plate material are stacked in a stepped manner and joined with their ends butted together. structure.

2. A joint of a predetermined size is provided between the first fireproof plate material located in the outermost layer and the second fireproof plate material located in the outermost layer, and a fireproof joint material and a sealant are filled in this order from the innermost part of the joint toward the open end. The structure of claim 1.

3. The fireproof joint material is composed of alkaline earth silicate wool. The structure of claim 2.

4. The sealant is composed of a two-component polyurethane sealant or a two-component modified silicone sealant. The structure of claim 2.

5. A third fireproof plate is further provided on the upper surface of the first fireproof plate or on the surface of the second fireproof plate so as to cover the joint. The structure of claim 2.

6. The first fire-resistant plate and the second fire-resistant plate are made of gypsum board. The structure of claim 1.

7. The first fire-resistant plate material other than the first fire-resistant plate material located in the outermost layer and the second fire-resistant plate material are made of gypsum boards, The first fireproof plate located in the outermost layer is made of lightweight aerated concrete. The structure of claim 1.

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