Bridge construction method

Abstract

To simplify an abutment.SOLUTION: A bridge 1 includes an abutment 5 and a bearing 4 that is provided on the abutment 5 and supports an end of a superstructure 2. A method for constructing the bridge 1 includes constructing an earth retaining wall 10 by arranging and placing a plurality of steel members 15 in the ground G, and forming upper concrete 11 provided with the bearing 4 at the upper end of the earth retaining wall 10. The abutment 5 includes the earth retaining wall 10 and the upper concrete 11. The steel member 15 is a steel pipe pile or a steel pipe sheet pile.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a bridge. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a precast bridge in which precast concrete abutments are installed at the start and end of the bridge and main girders made of precast concrete are erected and supported by the abutments. In Patent Document 1, the abutments have a retaining wall that also serves as an earth retaining wall, and the retaining wall is designed to receive earth pressure from the ground on the back side. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2007-39897 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, for example, when constructing a bridge in a location where groundwater is of little concern, the precast concrete abutments mentioned above are over-specified in terms of waterproofing.

[0005] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to simplify the bridge abutments. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Therefore, the bridge construction method according to the present invention is a method for constructing a bridge including an abutment and a bearing provided on the abutment to support an end of the superstructure. The bridge construction method according to the present invention includes constructing an earth-retaining wall by arranging a plurality of steel members and casting them into the ground, and forming upper concrete on which the bearing is provided, at the upper end of the earth-retaining wall, so that the abutment includes the earth-retaining wall and the upper concrete.

[0007] Here, the "ground" in the present invention includes at least one of a natural ground (original ground, natural ground) and an artificial ground such as an embankment. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, the skeleton portion of the abutment can be an earth retaining wall made up of a plurality of steel members, so that the abutment can have a simple structure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge in a first embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] A flowchart showing a bridge construction method according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows an example of a bridge in the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge according to a second embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the second embodiment. [Figure 11] A flowchart showing a bridge construction method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 1 is a flowchart showing a bridge construction method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bridge construction method according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge in a first modified example. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge in a second modified example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a bridge 1 in a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, Fig. 1(A) is a BB cross-sectional view of Fig. 1(B) (a longitudinal section of the bridge 1), and Fig. 1(B) is an AA cross-sectional view of Fig. 1(A) (a transverse section of the bridge 1). In addition, Fig. 1(A) illustrates the bridge axis direction P of the bridge 1, and Fig. 1(B) illustrates the bridge axis perpendicular direction Q of the bridge 1. Here, the bridge axis perpendicular direction Q means the direction horizontally perpendicular to the bridge axis direction P.

[0012] In this embodiment, the bridge 1 includes a superstructure 2, a pair of substructures 3, and a plurality of bearings 4. The superstructure 2 is erected between the pair of substructures 3 via the bearings 4.

[0013] 1(A) and (B), the superstructure 2 is shown in a simplified form as a rectangular plate, but in reality, the superstructure 2 is composed of, for example, multiple bridge girders and a plate-like deck slab. The multiple bridge girders extend parallel to the bridge axis direction P at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Q. The deck slab is positioned so as to straddle the multiple bridge girders.

[0014] The substructure 3 includes an abutment 5 constituting its upper portion, and a foundation 6 constituting its lower portion. The abutment 5 is composed of an upper portion 10a of an earth-retaining wall 10, upper concrete 11, and decorative concrete 12. The foundation 6 is composed of a lower portion 10b of the earth-retaining wall 10. In other words, the substructure 3 has a structure in which the abutment 5 and foundation 6 are integrated via the earth-retaining walls 10 that constitute them.

[0015] The foundation 6 (the lower portion 10b of the earth-retaining wall 10 constituting it) is buried in the ground G. The abutment 5 (the upper portion 10a of the earth-retaining wall 10 constituting it) is subjected to earth pressure from the ground G on its rear side. Here, the ground G includes at least one of natural ground (original ground, natural mountain) and artificial ground such as embankment.

[0016] The retaining wall 10 is constructed by arranging multiple vertically extending steel members 15 in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Q and casting them into the ground G. That is, the retaining wall 10 is formed by a row of steel members 15. In this embodiment, the steel members 15 are steel pipe piles or steel pipe sheet piles.

[0017] The upper concrete 11 is a concrete member formed on the upper end of the retaining wall 10. The upper concrete 11 is also called cap concrete. The upper concrete 11 comprises a bridge seat 16 and a parapet (parapet wall) 17. The bridge seat 16 covers the upper end of the retaining wall 10 and extends in the direction Q perpendicular to the bridge axis. The parapet 17 rises from the bridge seat 16 and extends in the direction Q perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0018] The decorative concrete 12 is formed, for example, by covering the front surface of the upper part 10a of the retaining wall 10 (the surface opposite to the back surface on which earth pressure acts, as mentioned above) with concrete in order to make the front surface look beautiful and to make it straight.

[0019] A number of bearings 4 are provided on the bridge seat 16 of the upper concrete 11. These bearings 4 are lined up at intervals from one another on the bridge seat 16 of the upper concrete 11 in the direction Q perpendicular to the bridge axis. The bearings 4 are interposed between the bridge seat 16 of the upper concrete 11 and the end of the superstructure 2 in the bridge axis direction P. The bearings 4 support the end of the superstructure 2 in the bridge axis direction P from below. For example, the end of the bridge girder mentioned above in the bridge axis direction P can be placed on the bearings 4.

[0020] Next, a method for constructing the bridge 1 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 2 to 5 in addition to Fig. 1 described above. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for constructing a bridge 1 in this embodiment. Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 are diagrams showing the method for constructing a bridge 1 in this embodiment, and (A) and (B) in Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 correspond to (A) and (B) in Fig. 1 described above, respectively.

[0021] In this embodiment, the ground G on which the bridge 1 is to be constructed has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape and is shaped like a bank extending in one horizontal direction (see Figs. 3(A) and (B)). The bridge 1 is constructed so that the bridge axis direction P is aligned with the extension direction of the bank.

[0022] In the method for constructing the bridge 1, first, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3(A) and (B), in step S1, a pair of retaining walls 10 are constructed in the ground G with a gap between them in the bridge axis direction P. In this embodiment, each of the pair of retaining walls 10 is constructed by arranging a plurality of steel members 15 in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis Q and casting them into the ground G. If the steel members 15 are steel pipe sheet piles, the steel pipe sheet piles can be fixed to each other by connecting the joints of adjacent steel pipe sheet piles when constructing the retaining walls 10.

[0023] Next, as shown in Figures 2, 4(A) and 4(B), in step S2, the ground G between the pair of earth retaining walls 10 is excavated. Note that each steel member 15 is driven deep enough below the flooring surface (the lowest surface of the excavation) S so that the earth retaining wall 10 can stand on its own without the need for braces or the like between the earth retaining walls 10 during this excavation. In other words, the earth retaining wall 10 can stand on its own. Note that the part of the earth retaining wall 10 above the flooring surface S corresponds to the upper part 10a described above, and the part below the flooring surface S corresponds to the lower part 10b described above.

[0024] Next, as shown in Figures 2, 5(A) and 5(B), in step S3, the front surface (wall surface on the excavation side) of the upper portion 10a of the retaining wall 10 is covered with decorative concrete 12, the upper concrete 11 is formed, and the bearings 4 are installed. The timing of these steps is arbitrary. For example, after the upper concrete 11 is formed, the installation of the bearings 4 and the covering of the wall surface with decorative concrete 12 may be performed in parallel.

[0025] In order to prevent a gap from being formed at the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12, it is preferable that the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12 extend downward from the flooring surface S. In this regard, Figures 5(A) and (B) show a state in which the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12 extends downward from the flooring surface S.

[0026] In addition, in this embodiment, when the steel member 15 is a steel pipe pile, it is preferable to fix adjacent steel pipe piles to each other by welding or the like after the above-mentioned excavation of the ground G and before covering the wall surface with decorative concrete 12.

[0027] Next, as shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 1(A) and (B), in step S4, the superstructure 2 is erected between the abutments 5 so as to span the space T between the abutments 5. During this erection, the end of the superstructure 2 (the end in the bridge axis direction P) can be placed on the abutments 5 via bearings 4. In this manner, bridge 1 is constructed.

[0028] Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of use of the bridge 1 in this embodiment. Figure 6(A) shows an example of using the bridge 1 to provide an underpass U extending in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction P (for example, a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Q). Figure 6(B) shows an example of using the bridge 1 to provide a waterway W extending in a direction intersecting the bridge axis direction P (for example, a direction perpendicular to the bridge axis Q).

[0029] According to this embodiment, the bridge 1 includes an abutment 5 and a bearing 4 provided on the abutment 5 to support an end of the superstructure 2. The method for constructing the bridge 1 includes constructing an earth-retaining wall 10 by arranging a plurality of steel members 15 and casting them into the ground G (step S1), and forming an upper concrete 11 on which the bearing 4 is provided, at the upper end of the earth-retaining wall 10 (step S3). The abutment 5 includes the earth-retaining wall 10 and the upper concrete 11. The steel member 15 is a steel pipe pile or a steel pipe sheet pile. Therefore, the skeleton part of the abutment 5 can be the earth-retaining wall 10 made of a plurality of steel members 15, and the abutment 5 can have a simple configuration.

[0030] According to this embodiment, the method for constructing the bridge 1 also includes covering the front surface of the retaining wall 10 (the surface opposite to the back surface on which earth pressure acts) with concrete (decorative concrete 12) (step S3). This makes it possible to prevent the steel members 15 constituting the abutment 5 from being exposed to the outside.

[0031] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the method for constructing the bridge 1 includes excavating the ground G on the front side of the retaining wall 10 (the side opposite to the back side on which earth pressure acts) (Step S2) before placing the end of the superstructure 2 on the abutment 5 via the bearings 4 (Step S4). In this embodiment, since the retaining wall 10 is self-supporting as described above, excavation can be carried out efficiently when excavating the ground G without placing struts or the like between the retaining walls 10.

[0032] According to this embodiment, the upper concrete 11 includes a bridge seat 16 on which the bearing 4 is provided, and a parapet portion 17 rising from the bridge seat 16. By forming such upper concrete 11 at the upper end of the retaining wall 10, the abutment 5 can be easily formed.

[0033] Next, a bridge 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Fig. 7 shows a schematic configuration of a bridge 1 in this embodiment. Here, Fig. 7(A) is a DD cross-sectional view of Fig. 7(B) (longitudinal section of bridge 1), and Fig. 7(B) is a CC cross-sectional view of Fig. 7(A) (transverse section of bridge 1). The points that differ from the first embodiment will be described.

[0034] In this embodiment, the retaining wall 10 is composed of an area H1 constituting the substructure 3, and an area H2 extending from the area H1 on both sides in the direction Q perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0035] Next, a method for constructing the bridge 1 in this embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 8 to 10 in addition to Figs. 2 and 7 described above. 8 to 10 are diagrams showing a method for constructing a bridge 1 in this embodiment, and (A) and (B) in Figs. 8 to 10 correspond to (A) and (B) in Fig. 7 described above, respectively.

[0036] In this embodiment, the ground G on which the bridge 1 is to be constructed is a planar terrain (that is, the ground surface of the ground G is approximately flat) (see FIGS. 8(A) and (B)).

[0037] In the method for constructing the bridge 1, first, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 8(A) and (B), in step S1, a pair of retaining walls 10 are constructed in the ground G with a gap between them in the bridge axis direction P. In this embodiment, each of the pair of retaining walls 10 is constructed by arranging a plurality of steel members 15 in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis Q and casting them into the ground G. If the steel members 15 are steel pipe sheet piles, the steel pipe sheet piles can be fixed to each other by connecting the joints of adjacent steel pipe sheet piles when constructing the retaining walls 10.

[0038] Next, as shown in Figures 2, 9(A) and 9(B), in step S2, the ground G between the pair of earth retaining walls 10 is excavated. Note that each steel member 15 is driven deep enough below the flooring surface S so that the earth retaining wall 10 can stand on its own without the need for braces or the like between the earth retaining walls 10 during this excavation. In other words, the earth retaining wall 10 is self-supporting. Note that the portion of the earth retaining wall 10 above the flooring surface S corresponds to the upper portion 10a described above, and the portion below the flooring surface S corresponds to the lower portion 10b described above.

[0039] Next, as shown in Figures 2, 10(A) and 10(B), in step S3, for area H1 of the retaining wall 10, the front surface (the wall surface on the excavation side) of the upper portion 10a of the retaining wall 10 is covered with decorative concrete 12, the upper concrete 11 is formed, and the bearings 4 are installed. The timing of these steps is arbitrary. For example, after the upper concrete 11 is formed, the installation of the bearings 4 and the covering of the wall surface with decorative concrete 12 may be performed in parallel.

[0040] On the other hand, for region H2 of the retaining wall 10, an upper concrete 11' (cap concrete) is formed so as to be continuous with the upper concrete 11, and the wall surface is covered with decorative concrete 12' so as to be continuous with the decorative concrete 12. The upper concrete 11' covers the upper end of region H2 of the retaining wall 10 and extends in the direction Q perpendicular to the bridge axis.

[0041] In order to prevent gaps from being generated at the bottom ends of the decorative concrete 12, 12', it is preferable that the bottom ends of the decorative concrete 12, 12' extend below the flooring surface S. In this regard, Figures 10(a) and (b) show how the bottom ends of the decorative concrete 12, 12' extend below the flooring surface S.

[0042] In addition, in this embodiment, when the steel member 15 is a steel pipe pile, it is preferable to fix adjacent steel pipe piles to each other by welding or the like after the above-mentioned excavation of the ground G and before covering the wall surface with decorative concrete 12, 12'.

[0043] Next, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7(A) and (B), in step S4, the superstructure 2 is erected between the abutments 5 so as to span the space T between the abutments 5. During this erection, the end of the superstructure 2 (the end in the bridge axis direction P) can be placed on the abutments 5 via the bearings 4. In this manner, bridge 1 is constructed. In this embodiment as well, it goes without saying that the bridge 1 can be used to provide the underpass U and waterway W described above.

[0044] Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a method for constructing the bridge 1 in this embodiment. The points that differ from the first and second embodiments will be described.

[0045] In this embodiment, the order of steps included in the method for constructing the bridge 1 is different from that of the first and second embodiments described above.

[0046] In the method for constructing the bridge 1 in this embodiment, first, in step S11, a pair of earth retaining walls 10 are constructed in the ground G at an interval from each other in the bridge axis direction P, similar to the above-mentioned step S1.

[0047] Next, in step S12, similarly to the above-mentioned step S3, the upper concrete 11 is formed and the bearings 4 are installed.

[0048] Next, in step S13, similar to step S4 described above, the superstructure 2 is erected between the abutments 5. During this erection, the end of the superstructure 2 (the end in the bridge axis direction P) can be placed on the abutments 5 via the bearings 4.

[0049] Next, in step S14, similarly to the above-described step S2, the ground G between the pair of earth retaining walls 10 is excavated.

[0050] Next, in step S15, similarly to step S3 described above, the front surface (the wall surface on the excavation side) of the upper portion 10a of the retaining wall 10 is covered with decorative concrete 12. In this manner, bridge 1 is constructed.

[0051] Particularly, according to this embodiment, the method for constructing the bridge 1 includes excavating the ground G on the front side (opposite the back side on which earth pressure acts) of the retaining wall 10 (step S14) after the end of the superstructure 2 is placed on the abutment 5 via the bearings 4 (step S13). This allows the bridge 1 to be put into service prior to the completion of the excavation.

[0052] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned steps S13 and S14 may be performed in parallel, that is, the erection of the superstructure 2 and the excavation of the ground G may be performed in parallel.

[0053] Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 12 to Fig. 14. Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing a method for constructing a bridge 1 in this embodiment. Fig. 13(a) to Fig. 14(d) are diagrams showing a method for constructing a bridge 1 in this embodiment. The points that differ from the above-described second embodiment will be described.

[0054] In this embodiment, construction of the bridge 1 does not involve excavation of the ground G as in step S2 described above.

[0055] In this embodiment, the ground G is also flat (that is, the ground surface of the ground G is approximately flat).

[0056] In the method for constructing the bridge 1 in this embodiment, first, as shown in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13(A), in step S21, a pair of earth retaining walls 10 are constructed with a gap between them in the bridge axis direction P and protruding upward from the ground G. For the earth retaining wall 10, the lower portion of each steel member 15 is driven sufficiently deeper than the ground surface GL of the ground G so that the earth retaining wall 10 can stand on its own. In other words, the earth retaining wall 10 is self-supporting. The portion of the earth retaining wall 10 above the ground surface GL corresponds to the upper portion 10a described above, and the portion below the ground surface GL corresponds to the lower portion 10b described above.

[0057] In this embodiment, each of a pair of retaining walls 10 is constructed by arranging multiple steel members 15 in the direction orthogonal to the bridge axis Q and casting their lower parts into the ground G. If the steel members 15 are steel pipe sheet piles, when constructing the retaining wall 10, the steel pipe sheet piles can be fixed to each other by connecting the joints of adjacent steel pipe sheet piles.

[0058] Next, as shown in Figures 12 and 13(A), in step S22, the front surface of the upper portion 10a of the retaining wall 10 is covered with decorative concrete 12, the upper concrete 11 is formed, and the bearings 4 are installed. The timing of these steps is arbitrary. For example, after the upper concrete 11 is formed, the installation of the bearings 4 and the covering of the wall surface with decorative concrete 12 may be performed in parallel.

[0059] In order to prevent a gap from being formed at the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12, it is preferable that the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12 extend below the ground surface GL. In this regard, Fig. 13(a) shows a state in which the bottom end of the decorative concrete 12 extends below the ground surface GL.

[0060] In this embodiment, when the steel members 15 are steel pipe piles, it is preferable to fix adjacent steel pipe piles to each other by welding or the like prior to covering the wall surface with the decorative concrete 12.

[0061] Next, as shown in Figures 12 and 14(c), in step S23, the superstructure 2 is erected between the abutments 5 so as to span the space T between the abutments 5. During this erection, the end of the superstructure 2 (the end in the bridge axis direction P) can be placed on the abutments 5 via the bearings 4.

[0062] Next, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 14(d), in step S24, a bank G' is constructed on the ground G (on the ground surface GL) on the rear side of the upper portion 10a of the retaining wall 10. In this manner, bridge 1 is constructed.

[0063] In this embodiment, the order of the above-mentioned steps S23 and S24 may be reversed, so that the construction of the embankment G' is followed by the erection of the superstructure 2. Alternatively, the above-mentioned steps S23 and S24 may be performed in parallel, that is, the erection of the superstructure 2 and the construction of the embankment G' may be performed in parallel.

[0064] In particular, according to this embodiment, the method for constructing the bridge 1 includes constructing an embankment G' on the ground G on the rear side of the retaining wall 10 (step S24). The bridge 1 can also be applied to a form that does not involve excavation of the ground G.

[0065] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge 1 in the first modified example. The points that differ from the above-described first to third embodiments will be described.

[0066] In the first to third embodiments described above, the retaining walls 10 are self-supporting, and therefore it was possible to excavate the ground G between the retaining walls 10 without installing struts or the like between the retaining walls 10. In contrast, in this modified example, excavation of the ground G between the retaining walls 10 is carried out while installing wales and struts between the retaining walls 10. Then, when the excavation is completed, the base slab concrete 20 is poured and formed on the flooring surface S so that it is sandwiched between the retaining walls 10, and then the wales and struts are removed.

[0067] In the bridge 1 shown in the above-described fourth embodiment, the base slab concrete 20 may be poured and formed on the ground surface GL so as to be sandwiched between the retaining walls 10.

[0068] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a bridge 1 in the second modified example. The points that differ from the above-described first to third embodiments will be described.

[0069] In the first to third embodiments described above, the end portion (end portion in the bridge axis direction P) of the superstructure 2 is placed on the abutment 5 (upper concrete 11) via the bearing 4. In contrast, in this modification, the abutment 5 (upper concrete 11) and the end portion (end portion in the bridge axis direction P) of the superstructure 2 are rigidly joined. Therefore, in this modification, a pair of abutments 5 and the superstructure 2 are rigidly joined to form a rigid frame structure (gate rigid frame structure).

[0070] In this modified example, when excavation of the ground G between the retaining walls 10 is proceeded after a pair of abutments 5 and the superstructure 2 are rigidly joined to form a rigid frame structure (portal rigid frame structure), there is no need to use the aforementioned struts, etc. during the excavation.

[0071] In the bridge 1 shown in the above-described fourth embodiment, a pair of abutments 5 and the superstructure 2 may be rigidly joined to form a rigid frame structure (portal rigid frame structure) in the same manner as in this modified example.

[0072] In each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, the steel members 15 are steel pipe piles or steel pipe sheet piles. However, the steel members 15 may be steel sheet piles or H-shaped steel.

[0073] In each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, the skeleton portion of the abutment 5 can be constructed so as to have sufficient strength with the retaining wall 10 made of a plurality of steel members 15. Therefore, in the bridge 1, the decorative concrete 12 can be omitted.

[0074] In each of the above-described embodiments and modifications, it goes without saying that the bridge 1 may include one or more piers between a pair of abutments 5.

[0075] The above-described bridge 1 can also be applied to a bridge that crosses a valley line of the ground G. In that case, some or all of the work of excavating the ground G and constructing the embankment G' can be omitted.

[0076] Of a pair of abutments constituting a bridge, one may have a configuration similar to the above-mentioned abutment 5, and the other may have a configuration different from that of the above-mentioned abutment 5.

[0077] The illustrated embodiments and modifications are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it goes without saying that the present invention encompasses various improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims, in addition to those directly shown by the described embodiments and modifications. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1...bridge, 2...superstructure, 3...substructure, 4...bearing, 5...abutment, 6...foundation, 10...retaining wall, 10a...upper part, 10b...lower part, 11,11'...upper concrete, 12,12'...decorative concrete, 15...steel member, 16...bridge seat, 17...parapet, 20...base slab concrete, G...ground, G'...embankment, GL...ground surface, H1,H2...area, P...bridge axis direction, Q...direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, S...bedding surface, T...space, U...underpass, W...waterway

Claims

1. A method for constructing a bridge comprising: an abutment; and a support provided on the abutment to support an end of a superstructure, the method comprising the steps of: Constructing an earth retaining wall by arranging a plurality of steel members and casting them into the ground; forming an upper concrete portion on which the support is provided at an upper end of the earth retaining wall; Including, A method of constructing a bridge, wherein the abutment comprises the earth retaining wall and the upper concrete.

2. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1 , wherein the steel members are steel pipe piles or steel pipe sheet piles.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising encasing a front surface of the retaining wall with concrete.

4. 2. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1, further comprising excavating the ground on the front side of the retaining wall before the end of the superstructure is placed on the abutment via the support.

5. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1, further comprising excavating the ground on the front side of the retaining wall after the end of the superstructure is placed on the abutment via the support.

6. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1 , further comprising constructing an embankment on the ground on the rear side of the retaining wall.

7. 2. The method for constructing a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the upper concrete comprises a bridge seat on which the bearing is provided, and a parapet portion rising from the bridge seat.

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