Environmental consideration type building

Abstract

To provide an environmental consideration type building which can effectively utilize natural energy even in a narrow site without being affected by a roof gradient.SOLUTION: In an environmental consideration type building 100, a parapet 40 is provided on a roof 10 of the building. A building material integrated-type photovoltaic power generation panel 50 is installed on an outer peripheral surface of an outer wall 20 of the building, on an outer peripheral surface of the parapet 40, or in a region striding from the outer peripheral surface of the outer wall 20 across the outer peripheral surface of the parapet 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to environmentally friendly buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, environmental issues such as air pollution and global warming have been raised, and in the field of architecture, efforts are being made to design and construct buildings that are environmentally friendly and sustainable and that coexist with natural energy, that is, environmentally friendly buildings. In environmentally friendly buildings, by skillfully controlling heat and solar radiation and utilizing natural energy sources such as sunlight, it is possible to maintain a comfortable indoor environment while reducing the amount of fossil energy used.

[0003] One example of a commonly used environmentally friendly building is one with solar panels installed on the roof. However, for buildings located on small plots of land in urban areas, for example, the installation angle of the solar panels depends on the slope of the roof surface (roof pitch), and depending on the site conditions and solar radiation conditions, it can often be impossible to secure a surface area for mounting solar panels.

[0004] For these reasons, there is a demand for environmentally friendly buildings that can effectively utilize natural energy even on small sites, regardless of roof slope.

[0005] Here, Patent Document 1 proposes an environmentally friendly building that obtains electricity from solar panels installed on the roof surface and suppresses electricity consumption for heating and cooling. Specifically, the main roof has a south roof surface located on the south side and a north roof surface located on the north side, with the roof ridge sandwiched between them, the roof ridge is shifted to the north when the main roof is viewed from above, the roof slope of the south roof surface is smaller than that of the north roof surface, and solar panels are installed on the south roof surface, which has a larger area than the north roof surface. The top floor part below the south roof surface has a protruding part where the floor part of the top floor part protrudes further south than the floor part of the lower floor part, and the south roof surface is supported by the protruding part to have eaves protruding from the top floor part to the south. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-179911 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The eco-friendly building described in Patent Document 1 not only changes the slope of the roof surface on the south side and the north side of the roof ridge to relatively increase the area of ​​the roof surface on the south side, but also makes the floor of the top floor below the south roof surface protrude further south than the floors of the lower floors, which necessitates changes to the exterior wall structure of the building and necessitates a special structure for the entire building. Furthermore, even if this structure is applied, it does not guarantee the above-mentioned problem, that is, the effective use of natural energy even on a small site without being affected by the roof slope.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide an environmentally friendly building that can effectively utilize natural energy even on a small site, regardless of the roof slope. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the environmentally friendly building according to the present invention is as follows: The building has a parapet on the roof. The building is characterized in that a building-integrated solar power generation panel is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall of the building, on the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, or in the area spanning from the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall to the outer peripheral surface of the parapet.

[0010] According to this aspect, by installing a building material-integrated solar power generation panel on the outer peripheral surface of the building's exterior wall, on the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, or in the area spanning from the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall to the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, the building material-integrated solar power generation panel is not affected by the slope of the roof surface, making it possible to effectively utilize natural energy even on a small site.

[0011] In the case of installing a building material-integrated solar power generation panel on the outer periphery of the exterior wall of a building, this includes both a literally building material-integrated type in which the solar power generation panel is installed and integrated in advance on the outer periphery of the exterior wall of the building, i.e., the building material that constitutes the exterior wall below the parapet, and a type in which the solar power generation panel is installed later on the building material that constitutes the exterior wall, thereby integrating the building material and the solar power generation panel after the fact.

[0012] On the other hand, in the case where a building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panel is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, this includes both a configuration in which the photovoltaic power generation panel is installed and integrated in advance on the building material that makes up the parapet, and a configuration in which the photovoltaic power generation panel is installed retroactively on the building material that makes up the parapet, thereby integrating the building material and the photovoltaic power generation panel after the fact.

[0013] On the other hand, in the case where a building material-integrated solar power generation panel is installed in the area spanning from the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall to the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, this includes both a configuration in which a solar power generation panel is installed and integrated in advance with the building materials that make up part of the exterior wall and part of the parapet, and a configuration in which a solar power generation panel is installed retroactively with the building materials that make up part of the exterior wall and part of the parapet, thereby integrating the building materials with the solar power generation panel after the fact.

[0014] By applying this aspect, even buildings located on small sites can advantageously apply PPAs (Power Purchase Agreements), which can contribute to the wider adoption of environmentally friendly buildings.

[0015] Another aspect of the environmentally friendly building according to the present invention is The roof is any one of a flat roof, a butterfly roof, and a single-shed roof, The flat roof and the butterfly roof are provided with the parapet along their periphery, The parapet is provided along the periphery of the single-pitch roof except for the eaves, The building material-integrated photovoltaic panels are installed on some or all of the multiple parapets that face each other in multiple directions.

[0016] According to this aspect, when the roof is a flat roof or a butterfly roof, parapets are provided along the periphery of the roof, and building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panels are installed on some or all of the multiple parapets facing in multiple directions, so that a building with high power generation capacity can be formed, for example. Also, when the roof is a gable roof, parapets are provided along the periphery except for the eaves, and building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panels are installed on some or all of the multiple parapets facing in multiple directions, so that a building with high power generation capacity can be formed by receiving sunlight from various directions, and since the eaves of the roof are a part that guides rainwater and the like to the outdoors, not providing a parapet here does not impede the drainage of rainwater.

[0017] In another aspect of the environmentally friendly building according to the present invention, The parapet is provided with a second ventilation layer communicating with the first ventilation layer provided in the outer wall, and the air is exhausted through an exhaust part located above the parapet and communicating with the outside. The building material-integrated photovoltaic panel is characterized in that a heat exhaust path for exhausting heat from inside the building material-integrated photovoltaic panel is connected to the exhaust section, and the heat is exhausted through the exhaust section.

[0018] According to this aspect, the first ventilation layer provided on the exterior wall and the second ventilation layer provided on the parapet are connected to each other, and the outside air that flows through the first ventilation layer and the second ventilation layer is exhausted through the exhaust part located above the parapet and leading to the outside, thereby forming a combination structure of the exterior wall and the parapet with excellent breathability. Furthermore, the exhaust heat path for exhausting the heat inside the building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panel is connected to the exhaust part, and the heat is exhausted through the exhaust part, so that the structure can be simplified compared to a form in which the exhaust part and the heat exhaust part are provided separately above the parapet.

[0019] In another aspect of the environmentally friendly building according to the present invention, The parapet is further provided with a ventilation layer that communicates with the attic space of the building, and the ventilation layer is connected to the exhaust section so that air in the attic space is exhausted through the exhaust section to provide attic ventilation.

[0020] According to this embodiment, the ventilation layer communicating with the attic space of the building is connected to the exhaust section, and the air in the attic space is exhausted through the exhaust section, so that attic ventilation can be realized in addition to ventilation of the exterior wall and exhaust heat from the building material integrated photovoltaic power generation panel. Also, since ventilation is performed through the exhaust section, the structure can be simplified compared to a configuration in which an exhaust section, a heat exhaust section, and a ventilation section are provided separately above the parapet.

[0021] In another aspect of the environmentally friendly building according to the present invention, The building-integrated solar power generation panel includes a first power generation layer disposed on the outdoor side and a second power generation layer disposed on the building side, the first power generating layer is optically transparent; The second power generation layer receives light that has passed through the first power generation layer and generates power.

[0022] According to this aspect, the building material-integrated solar power generation panel comprises a light-transmitting first power generation layer and a second power generation layer that receives light that has passed through the first power generation layer and generates electricity, thereby making it possible to form an environmentally friendly building with excellent power generation performance. Effect of the Invention

[0023] As can be understood from the above explanation, the environmentally friendly building of the present invention can effectively utilize natural energy even on a small site, regardless of the roof slope. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of an environmentally friendly building according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1, and is a front view of the facade of an environmentally friendly building according to the embodiment. [Diagram 3] This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the parapet and attic space, cut at the location of the building-integrated solar power generation panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Hereinafter, an example of an environmentally friendly building according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, substantially the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted.

[0026] [Environmentally friendly building according to the embodiment] An example of an environmentally friendly building according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the example of an environmentally friendly building according to an embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a view taken in the direction of an arrow II in Fig. 1, which is a front view of the facade of the environmentally friendly building according to an embodiment. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the parapet and attic space cut at a position where a building-integrated photovoltaic power generation panel is located.

[0027] The environmentally friendly building 100 is a two-story building (detached house) equipped with a rectangular flat roof 10 in plan view. The roof of the building may be a butterfly roof, a single-pitch roof, or the like, in addition to the flat roof shown in the figure, and any roof type that can be provided with a parapet on which building-material-integrated photovoltaic panels can be installed along part or all of the outer periphery of the roof can be applied.

[0028] For example, in the case of a gable roof, a parapet is provided along the outer perimeter except for the eaves, and building material-integrated solar panels are installed on some or all of the multiple parapets facing in multiple directions.Since the eaves of the roof are the part that directs rainwater and other water to the outdoors, not providing a parapet here does not impede the drainage of rainwater.

[0029] In addition, the examples shown below show a configuration in which a building material-integrated photovoltaic panel is installed on the outer peripheral surface of a parapet, but the building material-integrated photovoltaic panel may also be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall of a building, or in the area spanning from the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall to the outer peripheral surface of the parapet.

[0030] 1 and 2, building-integrated photovoltaic panels 50 are installed on all outer periphery of the parapet 40 on all four sides. Here, the "building-integrated photovoltaic panels" are also called BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltanics) panels, and unlike conventional solar panels placed on the roof, they are panels that are integrated into the building materials, with the photovoltaic panels built into the building materials.

[0031] More specifically, this includes a literally building material integrated type in which the building material-integrated solar power generation panel 50 is installed (embedded) in advance and integrated into the building material that makes up the parapet 40, and a type in which the building material-integrated solar power generation panel 50 is installed later on in the building material that makes up the parapet 40, thereby integrating the building material and the solar power generation panel after the fact.

[0032] In addition to the illustrated example in which the building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panels 50 are installed on all of the parapets 40 on four sides, the building material-integrated photovoltaic power generation panels 50 may be installed on the parapets 40 on three sides, two sides, or any one side. Also, various panels such as conventional general solar panels and photocatalyst panels (not shown) may be installed on the flat roof surface 11 or the back side (roof surface 11 side) of the parapet 40.

[0033] 2, the building-integrated photovoltaic power generation panel 50 is installed on the wall surface of the parapet 40 at a high position, avoiding the balconies 28 and living rooms on the floors below, for example, at a height of 6 m or more on a detached house. In the illustrated example, the building-integrated photovoltaic power generation panel 50 equipped with multiple (three in the illustrated example) power generation units 50A is installed on the wall surface of the parapet 40 at such a high position.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 3, the power generating unit 50A includes, inside the front glass 51, a first power generating layer 53 disposed on the outdoor side, and a second power generating layer 55 disposed on the building side.

[0035] The first power generation layer 53 is a power generation layer equipped with a light-transmitting, glass-sealed power generation module, while the second power generation layer 55 is a power generation layer equipped with, for example, a film-type power generation module, and the second power generation layer 55 receives light transmitted through the light-transmitting first power generation layer 53 to generate power.

[0036] In this way, by applying a building material-integrated solar power generation panel 50 formed of multiple power generation units 50A, which is equipped with a double power generation facility consisting of a light-transmitting first power generation layer 53 and a second power generation layer 55 that receives light that has passed through the first power generation layer 53 and generates electricity, an environmentally friendly building 100 with excellent power generation performance is created.

[0037] The exterior wall 20 supporting the parapet 40 comprises an exterior material 21, an exterior wall panel 22, and a heat insulating material 23 filled inside the exterior wall panel 22, and a first ventilation layer 24 is provided between the exterior material 21 and the exterior wall panel 22 to allow outside air to circulate from below to above in the X1 direction.

[0038] In the outdoor area of ​​the parapet 40, a second ventilation layer 42 is provided which communicates with the first ventilation layer 24 provided in the exterior wall 20. In the upper part of the parapet 40, a coping 46 is attached above the top end 45, and an exhaust passage 47 is provided between the top end 45 and the coping 46, and the second ventilation layer 42 communicates with the exhaust passage 47.

[0039] An exhaust port 48 to which an exhaust passage 47 communicates is provided on the building side above the parapet 40, and the exhaust passage 47 and the exhaust port 48 form an exhaust section 49.

[0040] The outside air that flows through the first ventilation layer 24 of the exterior wall 20 in the X1 direction and then flows through the second ventilation layer 42 of the parapet 40 in the X2 direction flows into the exhaust path 47 and is exhausted to the outdoors in the X3 direction through the exhaust port 48.

[0041] Meanwhile, inside the power generation unit 50A, an inlet 58 for taking in outside air in the X5 direction is provided below the power generation unit 50A, a heat exhaust path 57 is provided on the back side of the second power generation layer 55, and a communication port 59 for exhausting heat generated in the power generation unit 50A to the exhaust path 47 in the X6 direction is provided above the power generation unit 50A.

[0042] The heat generated inside the power generation unit 50A is discharged to the exhaust path 47 by the outside air flowing through the heat exhaust path 57, and the outside air flowing through the heat exhaust path 57 can suppress excessive increases in the internal temperature of the power generation unit 50A, thereby lowering the internal temperature.

[0043] In addition, there is an attic space 30 below the roof 10, and a ventilation layer 43 communicating with the attic space 30 is provided in the area on the roof surface side of the parapet 40, and the ventilation layer 43 communicates with an exhaust passage 47.

[0044] Below the attic space 30 is a ceiling 35, and below the ceiling 35 is a living room 38. The space above the ceiling 35 is also filled with insulation material 36.

[0045] Air within the attic space 30 flows into the ventilation layer 43 of the parapet 40 in the direction X7, and the air that flows through the ventilation layer 43 in the direction X8 flows into the exhaust duct 47 and is exhausted to the outdoors in the direction X9 through the exhaust port 48, thereby forming an attic ventilation structure 60 via the parapet 40.

[0046] The attic ventilation structure 60 enables airflow through the parapet 40, thereby achieving attic ventilation in the attic space 30.

[0047] In this way, the parapet 40 can perform three different functions: ventilation of outside air through the ventilation layer (second ventilation layer 42) that communicates with the ventilation layer (first ventilation layer 24) of the exterior wall 20, exhaust of heat generated by the power generation unit 50A, and ventilation of the attic space 30.

[0048] Furthermore, the exhaust section 49 above the parapet 40 is configured to realize all of the exhaust from the second ventilation layer 42, the exhaust heat from the heat exhaust path 57, and the ventilation from the ventilation layer 43, so that the exhaust / heat exhaust mechanism can be simplified compared to a configuration in which each exhaust and heat is exhausted by a separate exhaust section, which is preferable. Note that the final exhaust and heat exhaust from each exhaust layer and heat exhaust layer may be performed via a separate system.

[0049] According to the illustrated environmentally friendly building 100, natural energy can be effectively utilized even on a small site, regardless of the roof slope.

[0050] In addition, the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here, and may be implemented in other embodiments in which other components are combined with the configurations and the like of the above-mentioned embodiment. In this regard, the present invention may be modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and may be appropriately determined according to the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 10: Roof (flat roof) 11: Roof surface 20: Exterior wall 21: Exterior material 22: Exterior wall panel 23: Insulation 24: First ventilation layer 28: Balcony 30: Attic space 35: Ceiling 36: Insulation 38: Living room 40: Parapet 42: Second ventilation layer 43: Ventilation layer 45: Top 46: Kasagi 47: Exhaust duct 48: Exhaust port 49: Exhaust section 50: Building material integrated solar power generation panel 50A: Power generation unit 51: Surface glass 53: First power generation layer 55: Second power generation layer 57: Heat exhaust path 58:Inlet 59: Connection 60: Attic ventilation structure 100: Environmentally friendly buildings

Claims

1. The building has a parapet on the roof. This environmentally friendly building is characterized in that a building material-integrated solar power generation panel is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall of the building, the outer peripheral surface of the parapet, or the area spanning from the outer peripheral surface of the exterior wall to the outer peripheral surface of the parapet.

2. The roof is any one of a flat roof, a butterfly roof, and a single-shed roof, The flat roof and the butterfly roof are provided with the parapet along their periphery, The parapet is provided along the periphery of the single-pitch roof except for the eaves, 2. The environmentally friendly building according to claim 1, wherein the building-integrated photovoltaic panels are installed on some or all of the plurality of parapets facing each other in a plurality of directions.

3. The parapet is provided with a second ventilation layer communicating with the first ventilation layer provided in the outer wall, and the air is exhausted through an exhaust part located above the parapet and communicating with the outside, An environmentally friendly building as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a heat exhaust path through which heat inside the building material-integrated solar power generation panel is exhausted is connected to the exhaust section, and the heat is exhausted through the exhaust section.

4. An environmentally friendly building as described in claim 3, characterized in that the parapet is further provided with a ventilation layer communicating with the attic space of the building, the ventilation layer being connected to the exhaust section, so that air in the attic space is exhausted through the exhaust section to perform attic ventilation.

5. The building-integrated solar panel includes a first power generation layer disposed on the outdoor side and a second power generation layer disposed on the building side, the first power generating layer is light transmissive; 3. The environmentally friendly building according to claim 1, wherein the second power generation layer receives light that has passed through the first power generation layer and generates power.

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