Water cutoff wall structure and water cutoff wall construction method

Abstract

To provide a water cutoff structure which can be applied quickly, easily and inexpensively to prevent the intrusion of water into a shield tunnel due to sudden spring water, heavy rain or the like.SOLUTION: A water cutoff balloon is flexible and has an air inlet on one side, and when air is blown therein by a blower or other air blowing means, the water cutoff balloon expands and forms a part that comes into close contact with an inner wall of a tunnel to block the water. On one side of the water cutoff balloon, a shielding holder is provided that is held by the inner wall of the tunnel to receive the water cutoff balloon, and it is possible to prevent the water cutoff balloon from moving due to the water pressure from the blocked water.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water stop facility in a shield tunnel or the like, and particularly to a water stop wall for temporarily storing water in a tunnel when heavy rain or flood occurs during shield tunnel construction. Water stop wall structure and method for constructing water stop wall It relates to.

Background Art

[0002] The shield tunnel is completed when the shield machine starts excavation from the shaft on the launching side and reaches the shaft on the arrival side. The shaft on the launching side is used as the launching base of the shield machine, and the shaft on the arrival side is used as the arrival base of the shield machine. Furthermore, it is also used for the loading and transportation of materials, the discharge of excavated soil and groundwater, and as a ventilation tunnel.

[0003] Conventionally, when constructing sewer works or the like by the shield method, during the construction period, heavy rain or flood flows into the tunnel, and the shield excavator is submerged, resulting in problems such as failure of the electrical equipment, wiring parts, and control parts of the shield excavator.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for installing a water stop wall for temporarily storing rainwater in a tunnel during the construction of a shield tunnel composed of segments. In this method, a receiving frame is provided adjacent to the inside of the main girder of the segment and protruding a predetermined length into the tunnel from the main girder. After fixing the receiving frame to the main girder, a water stop wall is installed on the front surface of the receiving frame. Also disclosed is a method for installing a water stop wall in a shield tunnel in which, when assembling another segment in the tunnel axis direction side of an existing segment, a receiving frame is provided between adjacent segments and protruding a predetermined length into the tunnel from the inner surface of the segment. After fixing the receiving frame to the segment, a water stop wall is installed on the front surface of the receiving frame.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] According to the form disclosed in Patent Document 1, the water stop wall is formed of steel plates and is formed from three divided parts in consideration of transportation to the site, assembly, etc. That is, since the water stop wall disclosed in this document is formed of heavy steel plates, its transportation and assembly are not easy and require time. In addition, since the water stop wall is divided into three parts, it is necessary to join and reinforce the divided parts. Furthermore, in order to ensure complete water stoppage, it is necessary to weld the contact parts. Moreover, it is necessary to change the shape of the water stop wall made of steel, etc. according to the tunnel shape. Thus, the disclosure method of this document requires time, work amount, and cost to form a water stop wall in the tunnel. Also, especially in an emergency, it was difficult to handle transportation, assembly, etc. of the steel plates.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a structure that can be applied quickly, easily, and inexpensively to prevent sudden water inflow into the shield pit and water intrusion due to heavy rain, etc. Water stop wall

Means for Solving the Problems

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The aspects of the means for solving the above problems are as follows.

[0009] (First Aspect) During shield tunnel construction, it is a water stop wall that blocks water temporarily stored in the tunnel. The water stop wall has a water stop balloon located on the first side and a shielding holder located on the second side for blocking water from the first side to the second side. The water stop balloon is flexible, and air can be fed into it to expand it in the tunnel. Through the air supply part air of and the expanded water stop balloon is provided with the shielding and holding body for receiving the water stop balloon. of the expanded water stop balloon the second side is provided with the shielding and holding body for receiving the water stop balloon. The air supply part the second side is provided at for and can communicate with the air blowing means, The shielding holder is on the inner wall of the tunnel is fixed to the segment , characterized by Water stop wall structure

[0010] (Function and effect) In the first aspect The water stop balloon of the water stop wall is , flexible and can be inflated in the tunnel by supplying air into it through the air supply part. The Air is introduced into the interior by an air blowing means such as a blower, and it expands, and by forming a part that adheres to the inner wall of the tunnel, water is blocked On one side of the water stop balloon, there is provided a shielding holder that is held on the inner wall of the tunnel and receives the water stop balloon. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the water stop balloon from moving due to the water pressure received from the blocked water The air supply part can communicate with the air blowing means provided at second side with the shielding holder in between, and by the air blowing means, it becomes possible to introduce air into the water stop balloon

[0011] The water stop balloon is formed of a polymer material such as rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc and , is lightweight, and before enclosing air, it can be folded compactly and stored, so it is easy to carry. Therefore, compared with a metal water stop wall, etc., it is easy to carry and install. Also, even when changing the installation location, flexible changes are possible

[0012] The shielding holder that receives the water stop balloon is held on the inner wall of the tunnel. When using the water stop balloon alone, the pressure received from the water is supported by the frictional force between the side surface of the water stop balloon and the inner surface of the tunnel. In this case, it is assumed that the water stop balloon may move due to water pressure and water cannot be blocked. Therefore, when blocking water in the tunnel with a water stop balloon, it is preferable to construct a structure that supports the water stop balloon on the side opposite to the water storage side Before the secondary lining is constructed on the inner surface of the shield tunnel, a primary lining called a segment is formed. Several segments are assembled to form a segment ring, and the tunnel is formed continuously in the axial direction by these segment rings. The segment bears loads such as earth pressure and water pressure acting on the tunnel and has a strong structure. Therefore, using the segment to fix the shielding body is effective both in terms of strength and the degree of freedom of the installation location.

[0013] (Second aspect) During shield tunnel construction, it is a water stop wall that blocks water temporarily stored in the tunnel. The water stop wall has a water stop balloon located on the first side and a shielding holder located on the second side for blocking water from the first side to the second side. The water stop balloon is flexible, and air Through the air supply part is fed into it, and it can expand in the tunnel. By expanding, of it forms a cylindrical shape, along the tunnel direction and the cylindrical shape consists of two bottom surfaces and one side surface. Before the air is fed into the water stop balloon, it has substantially no space inside and can be folded. The water stop balloon is provided with the shielding body for receiving the water stop balloon. of The air feeding part is the second side of the inflated water stop balloon provided at and can communicate with the air blowing means. the second side The shielding body is on the inner wall of the tunnel. for This is a characteristic structure. is fixed to the segment 、 Water stop wall

[0014] (Function and effect) In the water stop balloon of the second aspect, by blowing air into it by a blower or the like, the water stop balloon along the tunnel direction forms a substantially cylindrical shape. The water stop balloon having the substantially cylindrical shape consists of two bottom surfaces (End face of cylinder) and one side surface. (Peripheral surface) By closely attaching the side surface of the cylinder to the inner wall surface of the shield tunnel, water is blocked on one side inside the tunnel. The water stop balloon is flexible, and the material is, for example, a polymer material such as rubber or high molecular weight high density polyethylene, etc.

[0015] Before air is blown into the water stop balloon, it has substantially no internal space and takes a foldable, substantially planar form. The inner wall of the tunnel is formed by assembling segments into an annular shape or the like. By blowing air into the water stop balloon made of a flexible material to expand it, the side surface can be closely attached to the inner wall surface of the tunnel. Since the water stop balloon in the second aspect is in a substantially cylindrical form, it is easy to closely attach to the inner wall of the tunnel on the side surface, thereby blocking the flow of water and making it possible to store it on one side of the tunnel.

[0016] Also, the water stop balloon has an air inlet. By making the water stop balloon in a substantially cylindrical form, an air inlet can be provided on one substantially planar bottom surface, and its formation becomes easy.

[0017] (Third Aspect) Between the water stop balloon and the shielding and holding body, can contact the water stop balloon and the shielding holder A flat water stop plate is provided It can be.

[0018] (Function and Effect) For the shielding and holding body, angle steel, round steel, H-shaped steel, etc. are used, and these are formed in an arrangement parallel or lattice-like to the cross-section perpendicular to the tunnel axis direction. Therefore, when the water stop balloon is installed so as to be in direct contact with the shielding and holding body, the water stop balloon will directly receive a load from the shielding and holding body. Since the load is received only from the part where the water stop balloon is in direct contact with the shielding and holding body, it becomes locally large and may cause damage to the water stop balloon. In order to disperse the load received by the water stop balloon from the shielding holder, a water stop plate on a flat plate can be provided between the water stop balloon and the shielding holder. As a result, the water stop balloon receives the load over the entire portion in contact with the water stop plate, so that the load is dispersed and the possibility of damage to the water stop balloon can be reduced.

[0019] (Fourth Embodiment) Inside the tunnel The first side of the water stop balloon from The second side of the shielding holder further having a suction hose arranged over It can be.

[0020] (Function and Effect) When the amount of stored water increases and the force received by the water stop balloon due to water pressure cannot be supported by the frictional force received by the water stop balloon and the force received from the shielding holder, the shielding holder or the like may be damaged, and the water stop balloon cannot be fixed at one place, which may cause the stored water to flow into the tunnel. Further, even if the shielding holder is not damaged, the water stop balloon itself may be damaged, which may cause the stored water to flow into the tunnel. As a result, the stored water flows out into the tunnel, causing problems such as failure of the electrical equipment, wiring, and control unit of the shield tunneling machine due to submersion of the shield tunneling machine.

[0021] When it is expected that the amount of stored water exceeds the allowable capacity that the shielding holder or the water stop balloon can withstand strongly, it is important to drain the stored water to the opposite side of the tunnel to reduce the water pressure. Assuming such a case, a means for controlling the amount of stored water so that the amount of stored water does not become too large is useful.

[0022] It is possible to arrange a suction hose from the water storage side in the tunnel through the side surface of the water stop balloon to the opposite side, and drain the stored water to the opposite side of the tunnel by hydrostatic pressure or by using a drainage pump or the like. This makes it possible to prevent in advance the breakage of the water stop balloon, the breakage of the shielding retainer, etc., and to avoid problems such as the failure of the electrical equipment, wiring parts, and control parts of the shield tunneling machine due to the shield tunneling machine being submerged.

[0023] (Fifth Embodiment) Between the water stop balloon and the shielding retainer, can contact the water stop balloon and the shielding holder a flat water stop plate is provided, in the tunnel The first side of the water stop balloon from The second side of the shielding holder and further having a suction hose arranged over to It can be.

[0024] (Function and Effect) By providing a water stop plate on the flat surface between the water stop balloon and the shielding retainer, the load received by the water stop balloon from the shielding retainer can be dispersed, so the possibility of breakage of the water stop balloon can be reduced. However, when the water storage amount further increases, the load received by the water stop balloon becomes even larger, and the load received by the shielding retainer also becomes even larger. Thus, when the risk of breakage of the water stop balloon, shielding retainer, etc. is predicted, it is important to drain the stored water to the opposite side of the tunnel to reduce the load received by the water stop balloon from the stored water. By arranging a suction hose from the side of the stored water in the tunnel through the side surface of the water stop balloon to the opposite side and reducing the water storage amount below the limit amount by using the hydrostatic pressure or a drainage pump or the like.

[0025] This makes it possible to prevent in advance breakage, etc. of the water stop balloon, shielding retainer, etc., and to avoid problems such as the failure of the electrical equipment, wiring parts, and control parts of the shield tunneling machine due to the shield tunneling machine being submerged.

[0026] (Sixth Embodiment) It is a method for constructing a water stop wall that constructs a water stop wall for blocking water temporarily stored in the tunnel during shield tunnel construction. The water stop wall has a water stop balloon located on the first side and a shielding holder located on the second side for blocking water from the first side to the second side. The shielding retainer is attached to the inner wall of the tunnel Fix to the segment of and the second side Air is taken from the air blowing means provided at , blow air through the air supply part of the water stop balloon, Inflate the water stop balloon, to Form a close contact part with the tunnel inner wall, water To block, Characterized by in the tunnel Construction of water stop wall Method.

[0027] (Function and effect) In the tunnel, when flooding of the tunnel is expected due to sudden heavy rain, water gushing out, etc., it is necessary to block water in order to prevent damage to equipment and the like. In such a case, it is effective to use the water stop balloon of the present invention to block water. Install the water stop balloon and the shielding holder in order from the water gushing side. The water stop balloon of the present invention is lightweight and can be folded compactly before enclosing air, and is easy to carry, so it can be installed quickly. The shielding holder is held on the tunnel inner wall so that the water stop balloon does not move due to the water pressure received from the water. For example, it can be fixed to segments or the like using bolts or the like. Before use, the water stop balloon is folded compactly, and air is blown into it using air blowing means such as a blower to expand it, forming a close contact part with the tunnel inner wall to block the flow of water. It is effective to form a continuous close contact part in the tunnel cross-sectional direction. After inflating the water stop balloon, it can also be used with the air inlet closed. Note that the holding of the shielding holder on the tunnel and the blowing of air into the water stop balloon can be performed simultaneously, or either one can be given priority depending on the situation.

Effect of the Invention

[0028] According to the present invention, It is possible to provide a water stop wall structure that can be applied quickly, easily, inexpensively, and can prevent sudden water inrush into the shield pit and water intrusion due to heavy rain.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5A

Figure 5B

Figure 5C

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0030] Hereinafter, the water stop balloon 1 according to the present invention and a water stop method using the water stop balloon 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following description and drawings are merely examples of the present invention, and the content of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to this embodiment.

[0031] (Water Stop Balloon) Hereinafter, the water stop balloon 1 having a cylindrical form will be described, but the water stop balloon 1 is not limited to this form as long as it can block water inside the tunnel. The water stop balloon 1 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. Before use, the water stop balloon 1 holds almost no air inside, has a substantially flat shape, and is in a compact, foldable shape. During use, it is inflated by sending air into it from the air inlet 5 by a blower 6, a compressor (not shown), etc., and in the use form, it has a substantially cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape consists of two bottom surfaces and one side surface. When the blower 6 is used, it has an internal pressure of about 1.3 kPa. Before air is sent in, it is compressed, flattened, foldable, and in a compact form. Therefore, it is easy to carry, and in an emergency, it can be installed flexibly in a short time. The bottom surface 1b facing the stored water 4 of the water stop balloon 1 has a substantially flat, circular shape. The circular bottom surface 1b that does not face the stored water 4 has an air inlet 5 for sending air into the water stop balloon 1 from the outside.

[0032] While sending air from the air inlet 5 by the blower 6, a compressor, etc., the water stop balloon 1 can be kept in an inflated cylindrical form. The water stop balloon 1 is used in an inflated state while sending air into it by the blower 6, etc. Or, after being inflated by the blower 6, etc., in order to prevent the outflow of air, it can also be used with the air outlet of the air inlet 5 blocked by a lid or the like. By inflating the water stop balloon 1 and bringing the side surface 1a of the cylinder into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel 10, the flow of water is blocked, and water is stored on one side of the tunnel 10. It is preferable to bring the entire side surface 1a of the water stop balloon 1 into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel 10. However, in order to block the flow of water and prevent the leakage of the stored water 4, it is sufficient that the contact portion with the inner wall of the tunnel 10 is formed continuously at least in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the tunnel 10.

[0033] The material of the water stop balloon 1 is preferably rubber or a polymer material. As the rubber, natural rubber, nitrile rubber, urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, silicone rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber, chloroprene rubber, etc. can be used, but it is not limited thereto. Hard rubber is preferred, but it is not limited thereto. Also, as the polymer material, polymer materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, etc. can be used, but it is not limited thereto. The thickness of the material of the water stop balloon 1 depends on the strength of the material, but is usually 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm. More preferably, it is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. If it exceeds 2.0 mm, the weight increases and rapid installation becomes difficult. Also, if it is thinner than 0.3 mm, the pressure resistance decreases and sewing becomes difficult.

[0034] A well-known method can be applied to the manufacturing method of the water stop balloon 1 having a cylindrical shape by blowing air using rubber, a polymer material, etc. For example, when using a cloth made of polyethylene for the water stop balloon 1, it can be manufactured by sewing it into a cylindrical shape in a state of being inflated with air or the like using a thread such as polyester. Further, in order to prevent water intrusion, a waterproof coating may be applied to the sewing part. Also, it is also possible to manufacture by adhering the end part with an adhesive suitable for adhering the material of the water stop balloon 1 so as to have a cylindrical shape in a state of being inflated with air or the like. It is also possible to manufacture by melting the polymer material once at a temperature above the melting point and fusing by joining the molten surfaces.

[0035] The water stop balloon 1 takes a cylindrical form in the usage state. The diameter of the bottom surface of the cylinder is approximately the same size as the inner diameter of the tunnel 10. Since the water stop balloon 1 becomes slightly inflated by the air sent in by a blower 6 or the like, even if it is the same size as the inner diameter of the tunnel 10, the adhesion with the inner surface of the tunnel 10 is ensured. Considering the friction between the tunnel 10 and the water stop balloon 1, the diameter of the water stop balloon 1 is 1.0 to 1.1 times, preferably 1.01 to 1.05 times, the inner diameter of the tunnel 10. When the diameter of the water stop balloon 1 is slightly larger than the diameter of the tunnel 10, the adhesion between the outer periphery of the water stop balloon 1 and the inner wall of the tunnel 10 increases, and the water stop effect becomes greater. If the diameter of the water stop balloon 1 becomes too large compared to the inner diameter (diameter) of the tunnel 10, there is a problem that the deformation of the circular bottom surface portion 1b and the side surface 1a of the water stop balloon 1 becomes large and the adhesion conversely decreases, and also the manufacturing cost becomes high. Also, if the diameter of the bottom surface of the water stop balloon 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel 10, the adhesion between the side surface 1a of the water stop balloon 1 and the inner surface of the tunnel 10 decreases, and the water stop effect decreases.

[0036] The length of the side surface of the cylindrical form of the water stop balloon 1 (the length of the straight line connecting the circular bottom portions 1b vertically) is usually 0.5 to 1.5 times, preferably 0.7 to 1.3 times, the tunnel diameter. If it is too short, the frictional force received by the water stop balloon 1 from the inner surface of the tunnel decreases, and the water stop balloon is likely to move due to water pressure. If it is too long, it becomes bulky and heavy when folded before use, so it is not easy to carry, and it will hinder the flexible installation in a short time.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 3, the air supply portion 5 of the water stop balloon 1 and the blower 6 are connected by a connecting member 7, and the air sent from the blower 6 passes through the connecting member 7 and the air supply portion 5 and is sent into the inside of the water stop balloon 1. As the material of the connecting member 7, well-known materials can be used. It may be a material used for the water stop balloon 1, or other polymer materials or metal materials.

[0038] When the amount of the stored water 4 increases, a large load due to water pressure is applied to the water stop balloon 1. In such a case, it is preferable that the water stop balloon 1 is inflated by sending air into it by a blower 6 or the like and then the air inlet is closed and blocked. For example, well-known methods such as valves such as air valves can be adopted.

[0039] Since the water stop balloon 1 is formed of a polymer material such as rubber or polyethylene, it is lightweight. Also, before enclosing air, it can be folded and stored compactly, so it is easy to carry. Therefore, compared with a water stop wall made of metal or the like, it is easy to carry and install, and rapid installation is possible. For this reason, it has a feature that it can particularly cope with sudden increases in water level. Also, when changing the installation location, there is an advantage that flexible change is possible.

[0040] Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a shaft 11, a shield tunnel 10, the water stop balloon 1 installed in the shield tunnel 10, and the stored water 4 that has flooded on the shaft 11 side. For example, when a large amount of water flows into the shaft 11 due to heavy rain, flood, etc., the water flows into the shield tunnel 10, and equipment such as a shield tunneling machine is submerged, causing damage. The water stop balloon 1 is installed in the shield tunnel 10 and plays a role of preventing water from flooding into the shield tunnel 10. When the flooding is severe and a large amount of water flows into the shaft 11, a large load due to the water pressure from the stored water 4 acts on the water stop balloon 1 for blocking this water.

[0041] (Water stop balloon structure) Air is blown into the water stop balloon 1 by a blower 6, a compressor, etc. The bottom surface facing the stored water 4 has a closed circular shape, and the other surface has a structure provided with an air inlet 5. Alternatively, after the water stop balloon 1 is inflated by blowing air, the opening of the air inlet 5 can be closed and used. Or it is also possible to use a valve such as an air valve to inject air. The side surface 1a of the water stop balloon 1 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the tunnel 10, and frictional force is generated as a force to counteract the water pressure received by the water stop balloon 1 from the stored water 4. However, it is assumed that there may be cases where the frictional force alone cannot counteract the force caused by the water pressure. In such cases, it is necessary to install the shielding retainer A2, the shielding retainer B19, etc., and fix the water stop balloon 1 so that it does not move due to the water pressure received from the stored water 4. Inside the tunnel 10, a segment ring assembled with segments 3 is formed, and this is continuous in the axial direction to form the inner surface of the tunnel 10. The segment 3 bears loads such as earth pressure and water pressure acting on the tunnel 10 and has a strong structure. Therefore, using the segment 3 to fix the shielding retainer A2 is effective both in terms of strength and in terms of the degree of freedom of the installation location. The shielding retainer A2 can be fixed, for example, using the main girder of the segment 3, and the water stop balloon 1 can be installed with a high degree of freedom regarding the installation location of the water stop balloon 1. It is preferable to fix the shielding retainer A2 using this segment 3. As the segment 3, concrete segments, steel segments, flexible segments, etc. are assumed. For example, the shielding retainer A2 can be fixed to the main girder part of a concrete-based RC segment using bolts or the like. It can also be installed on steel segments, flexible segments, etc.

[0042] The shape and material of the shielding retainer A2, etc. are not particularly limited, and channel steel, steel plates, angle steel, round steel, H-shaped steel, etc. can be used. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view along the tunnel axis at the center of the tunnel 10, representing the water stop balloon 1, the shielding holder A2, the shielding holder B19, etc. within the tunnel 10. Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the portion M surrounded by the dotted line in Figure 3. The water stop balloon 1 is in contact with the water stop plate 18 and receives a planar load from the water stop plate 18. Further, the water stop plate 18 is in contact with a plurality of shielding holders B19, and a plurality of shielding holders A2 are installed in a form that intersects with the shielding holders B19 on the outer side (the side not facing the stored water 4) (see Figure 5A, etc.). The shielding holder A2 is fixed to the segment 3 (see Figure 5A, etc.). The shielding holder B19 may be fixed to the shielding holder A2 using bolts or the like, or may be fixed to the water stop plate 18 by welding or the like. The shielding holder A2 is fixed to the connecting member 20 by bolts 16 and nuts 17, and the connecting member 20 is fixed to the segment 3 by segment fixing bolts 21.

[0043] Figure 5A shows a schematic view of the shielding holder A2, the shielding holder B19, etc. In this example, the shielding holder B19 is fixed to the shielding holder A2. As another form, it may be fixed to the water stop plate 18. The connecting member 20 is fixed to the segment 3 by segment fixing bolts 21, and the shielding holder A2 is fixed to the connecting member 20 by bolts or the like. As described above, a plurality of shielding holders A2 are installed in a state of intersecting with the shielding holders B19 on the outer side (the side without the stored water 4) of the plurality of shielding holders B19. As another form, the shielding holder B19 may be fixed to the water stop plate 18. In this case, the arrangement is the water stop balloon 1, the water stop plate 18, the shielding holder B19, and the shielding holder A2 from the side of the stored water 4. Well-known methods can be used for fixing. In Figure 3, the shielding holder A2 is fixed to the connecting member 20 fixed to the segment 3 by segment fixing bolts 21 by bolts 16 and nuts 17.

[0044] The water stop plate 18 is installed in contact with the circular bottom surface of the cylindrical water stop balloon 1 on the side not in contact with the stored water 4, and is installed in a state sandwiched between the water stop balloon 1 and the shielding and holding body A2. Or when using the shielding and holding body B19, it is installed in a state sandwiched between the water stop balloon 1 and the shielding and holding body B19. For the shielding and holding body A2 or the shielding and holding body B19, a channel steel or the like is used. Therefore, when there is no water stop plate 18, the load is linearly applied to the water stop balloon 1, and a large load is unevenly applied to the surface of the water stop balloon 1. For this reason, there is a risk that the part of the water stop balloon 1 that receives the load is damaged. On the other hand, by installing the water stop plate 18, the water stop balloon 1 receives a planar load from the water stop plate 18, and the load is uniformly applied, avoiding concentration on the linear part on the water stop balloon 1. Therefore, installing the water stop plate 18 has the effect of preventing the water stop balloon 1 from being damaged.

[0045] The material of the water stop plate 18 is not particularly limited as long as it has a predetermined strength. For example, metals such as iron plates and steel plates, plastics such as acrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride, and polycarbonate, and wood can be used. The thickness of the water stop plate 18 depends on the material. For example, in the case of an iron plate, it is about 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm. Note that the water stop plate 18 is installed as needed. In one aspect, the water stop plate 18 is composed of a plurality of parts and can be made into a disk shape by being assembled in the tunnel 10. The diameter of the water stop plate 18 can be, for example, several millimeters to several centimeters smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel 10 so that it can be installed in the tunnel 10. Since the water stop plate disperses the load received by the water stop balloon 1 from the shielding and holding body, it does not have to be disk-shaped, and can be polygonal or the like, as long as it is substantially flat. Air is sent into the water stop balloon 1 through the air supply part 5 by a blower 6 or the like. Therefore, the water stop plate 18 has an opening 18A in the plane, and the air supply part 5 of the water stop balloon 1 is located at this part, and air is sent into the water stop balloon 1 from the blower 6.

[0046] Another schematic diagram of the shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19 is shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C. In FIG. 5B, the shielding holder A2 is fixed to the segment 3 at both ends in the vertical direction via the connecting member 20. Further, the shielding holder B19 is fixed in a grid-like configuration in a manner that intersects the shielding holder A2 in the horizontal direction. FIG. 5C shows an example of yet another configuration. Five shielding holders A2 are fixed to the segment 3 via the connecting member 20 in such a manner that the ends of each shielding holder A2 are in contact with the ends of another shielding holder A2. Further, in a manner of bridging the shielding holders A2 fixed to the segment 3, the shielding holder B19 has both ends fixed to the shielding holders A2 fixed to the segment 3.

[0047] A third shielding holder C33 can also be installed in addition to the shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19. Both the shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19 are installed substantially parallel to the vertical cross-section in the axial direction of the tunnel, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5A. As the shielding holder C33, similar to the shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19, channel steel, steel plate, angle steel, round steel, H-shaped steel, etc. can be used. As shown in FIG. 6, one end of the shielding holder C33 is fixed to the shielding holder A2, and the other end is fixed to a segment in a tunnel cross-section different from the segment to which the shielding holder A2 is fixed, that is, on another segment ring (not shown). In FIG. 6, the shielding holder B19 is fixed to the water stop plate 18. Also, the shielding holder A2 is fixed to the segment 3 (not shown). Thereby, the shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19 can be further reinforced and further resist the load caused by the water pressure.

[0048] Figure 7 shows a photograph in which a water stop balloon 1, a shielding holder A2, a shielding holder B19, etc. are installed in the tunnel 10. This is a view of the water stop balloon 1 from inside the tunnel on the side opposite to the stored water 4. This figure shows a case where the water stop plate 18 and the third shielding holder C33 are not used. A plurality of shielding holders A2 are fixed to a plurality of connecting members 20 fixed to the segment 3 by segment fixing bolts 21 with bolts 16 and nuts 17. Further, a plurality of shielding holders B19 are fixed to the shielding holder A2 in a form sandwiched between the water stop balloon 1 and the shielding holder A2 so as to be substantially parallel to each other.

[0049] The shielding holder A2 and the shielding holder B19 receive the load caused by the water pressure from the water stop balloon 1. When the water stop plate 18 is used, it is received via the water stop plate 18, and when the water stop plate 18 is not used, it is received from the water stop balloon 1. Therefore, they are required to have a strength that can withstand that load. The steel materials used for the shielding holder A2, the shielding holder B19, the connecting member 20, the segment fixing bolt 21, etc. have a maximum allowable stress. The allowable stress includes a long-term allowable stress and a short-term allowable stress, and each has a compressive / tensile / bending stress and a shear stress. In the water stop method using the water stop balloon 1 according to the present invention, it is reasonable to use the short-term allowable stress as a reference.

[0050] The water pressure received by the water stop balloon 1 can be estimated as follows. Assuming that the shaft 11 is flooded and the height of the water surface from the center of the tunnel 10 is h, the load PW (N) received by the water stop balloon 1 from the water is calculated by the following formula.

Equation

[0051] Also, the frictional force FB (N) received by the water stop balloon 1 from the inner wall of the tunnel 10 can be estimated as follows.

Number

[0052] Then, the load T (N) received by the shielding holder A2 etc. is as follows.

Number

[0053] The shielding holder A2 is fixed to the segment 3 as shown in FIG. 5A etc. The number of the shielding holder A2 is 8 in the example of FIG. 5A and 5 in the example of FIG. 5C. The shielding holder A2 is usually about 3 to 10, preferably 5 to 8. Also, the shielding holder B19 may be fixed to the water stop plate 18 and used, or may be fixed to the shielding holder A2 and used. In the example of FIG. 5A, the number of the shielding holder B19 is 8, and in the example of FIG. 5C, it is 5. The shielding holder B19 is usually about 3 to 10, preferably 5 to 8, but the shielding holder B19 may not be used.

[0054] (Suction hose) If the waterlogging in the vertical shaft 11 reaches a height higher than expected, there is a risk of damage to the shielding retainer A2, the shielding retainer B19, the connecting member 20, the segment fixing bolt 21, the water stop balloon 1, etc. In such a case, it is necessary to reduce the amount of waterlogged water to such an extent that damage to the shielding retainer A2, etc. is not caused. In this case, it is effective to gradually drain the water from the side of the stored water 4 to the opposite side of the water stop balloon 1. Fig. 8 shows a form in which a suction hose 30 is installed from the side of the stored water 4 across to the opposite side of the water stop balloon 1. The end of the suction hose 30 on the side of the stored water 4 is located in the stored water 4. A ball valve 31 is installed near the opposite end of the suction hose 30 and is opened and closed as required. When the waterlogging in the vertical shaft 11 is large, usually, water flows out of the suction hose 30 due to the hydrostatic pressure, so the ball valve 31 may be kept open. Also, a pump or the like may be installed to promote drainage.

[0055] In the example of Fig. 8, one suction hose 30 is installed, but two or more suction hoses may be installed. The suction hose 30 may be fixed to the water stop balloon 1, the water stop plate 18, the shielding retainer A2, etc. A well-known fixing method can be applied. As the suction hose 30, those commonly used for water supply and drainage can be used. By monitoring the states of the shielding retainer A2, the shielding retainer B19, the connecting member 20, the segment fixing bolt 21, etc., in an emergency, the water pressure can be reduced and the water stop can be maintained by using the suction hose 30 to drain the water.

Industrial Applicability

[0056] The water stop balloon 1 of the present invention can be used as a water stop wall facility for temporarily storing water in the tunnel 10 when, for example, during shield tunnel excavation, sudden water inrush occurs in the shield pit, or when the shaft 11 is flooded due to heavy rain or flood. Since the water stop balloon 1 is easy to carry, it is easy to respond in an emergency. Also, depending on the degree of flooding of the shaft 11, by installing the shielding retainer A2 and the shielding retainer B19 flexibly, the intrusion of water into the tunnel 10 can be effectively blocked, and problems such as failure of the electrical equipment, wiring parts, and control parts of the shield tunneling machine due to the shield tunneling machine being submerged can be prevented.

[0057] Note that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Also, it is applicable not only to shield tunnels but also to mountain tunnels and small cross-section tunnels such as water conveyance tunnels.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0058] 1... water stop balloon, 1a... side surface of water stop balloon, 1b... bottom surface of water stop balloon, 2... shielding retainer A, 3... segment, 4... stored water, 5... air supply part, 6... blower, 7... connecting member, 10... tunnel, 11... shaft, 16... bolt, 17... nut, 18... water stop plate, 18A... water stop plate opening, 19... shielding retainer B, 20... connecting member, 21... segment fixing bolt, 30... suction hose, 31... ball valve, 33... shielding retainer C

Claims

1. A water stop balloon for blocking water in a tunnel, wherein the water stop balloon is flexible and can be inflated in the tunnel by blowing air into it, a shielding holder for receiving the water stop balloon is provided on one side of the inflated water stop balloon, the water stop balloon has an air inlet on the one side, the air inlet can communicate with a blowing means provided on the other side sandwiching the shielding holder, and the shielding holder is held on the inner wall of the tunnel, characterized by such a water stop balloon structure.

2. A water stop balloon for blocking water in a tunnel, wherein the water stop balloon is flexible and can be inflated in the tunnel by blowing air into it, and forms a cylindrical shape when inflated, the cylindrical shape consists of two bottom surfaces and one side surface, before air is blown in, the water stop balloon has substantially no internal space and can be folded, a shielding holder for receiving the water stop balloon is provided on one bottom surface side, the water stop balloon has an air inlet on the one bottom surface side, the air inlet can communicate with a blowing means provided on the other side sandwiching the shielding holder, and the shielding holder is held on the inner wall of the tunnel, characterized by such a water stop balloon structure.

3. The water stop balloon structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flat water stop plate is provided between the water stop balloon and the shielding holder.

4. The water stop balloon structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a suction hose arranged from the water storage side in the tunnel across the side surface of the water stop balloon to the opposite side.

5. A flat water stop plate is provided between the water stop balloon and the shielding holder, The water stop balloon structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a suction hose arranged from the water storage side in the tunnel across the side surface of the water stop balloon to the opposite side.

6. In a tunnel, install these in order from the water outlet side: the water stop balloon, the shielding holder, hold the shielding holder on the inner wall of the tunnel, blow air from a blowing means provided on the opposite side sandwiching the shielding holder into the air inlet of the water stop balloon to inflate the water stop balloon, form a close contact part with the inner wall of the tunnel, and block the flow of water. A method for blocking water in a tunnel, characterized by...

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